JP2005305789A - Form releasing agent for concrete and concrete placing method - Google Patents
Form releasing agent for concrete and concrete placing method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
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本発明は、２種類の水溶性低分子化合物を組み合わせて成る混和剤が配合されたコンクリート組成物を打設する際に使用されるコンクリート用型枠離型剤とこの離型剤を用いたコンクリートの打設方法に関するものである。 The present invention relates to a mold release agent for concrete used when placing a concrete composition containing an admixture composed of a combination of two types of water-soluble low-molecular compounds, and concrete using the mold release agent. Is related to the placement method.
従来、コンクリートを打設する際に使用される型枠としては、合板・鋼板・樹脂板などが広く用いられており、これらの型枠の内面には、型枠とコンクリートとの付着を防止するとともに、脱枠を容易にするため、型枠離型剤あるいは型枠剥離剤と呼ばれる液状の薬剤が塗布されている。
これらの離型剤には、鉱物油系、植物油系、合成樹脂系、ワックス系の他に、脂肪酸系や界面活性剤系の離型剤があり、それぞれ、用途の応じて使い分けられている。また、現在使用されている離型剤は、一般的に、鉱物油系を主成分とした油性あるいは水溶性の離型剤が多い。
Conventionally, as a formwork used when placing concrete, plywood, steel plate, resin board, etc. are widely used, and adhesion of the formwork and concrete to the inner surface of these formwork is prevented. At the same time, a liquid chemical called a mold release agent or a mold release agent is applied to facilitate the removal of the frame.
These release agents include, in addition to mineral oils, vegetable oils, synthetic resins, and waxes, fatty acid and surfactant release agents, each of which is properly used depending on the application. Further, the release agents currently used are generally many oil-based or water-soluble release agents mainly composed of mineral oils.
ところで、シールド工法の直打ちコンクリートとして使用されるコンクリート組成物としては、流動性や早強性に優れるとともに、耐水性にも優れていることが要求されている。この早強性と耐水性とは、従来、両立が困難な特性である。すなわち、従来の高流動コンクリートでは流動性に優れており、また、コンクリート用化学混和剤を適宜選択するなどして、早強性を発揮させることも可能であるが、耐水性に問題があるため、地下水圧中での打込みにおいて、十分な強度を確保することが困難であった。また、従来の水中不分離性コンクリートは、耐水性や流動性には優れているが、早強性に問題があるため、シールドの反力を負担するだけの十分な初期強度が得られないといった問題点があった。
そこで、本出願人は、上記問題点を解決するため、高流動コンクリートと上記水中不分離性コンクリートの利点を併せ持つ早強性耐水コンクリート組成物を提案している（特願２００４−９９５０９号、特願２００４−９９５５２号）。
By the way, as a concrete composition used as direct-acting concrete for the shield method, it is required to be excellent in fluidity and early strength and in water resistance. This early strength and water resistance are properties that are difficult to achieve at the same time. In other words, conventional high-fluidity concrete is excellent in fluidity, and it is possible to exert early strength by appropriately selecting a chemical admixture for concrete, but there is a problem with water resistance. It has been difficult to ensure sufficient strength in driving in underground water pressure. In addition, conventional underwater non-separable concrete is excellent in water resistance and fluidity, but there is a problem in the early strength, so sufficient initial strength to bear the reaction force of the shield cannot be obtained. There was a problem.
Therefore, in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present applicant has proposed an early-strength water-resistant concrete composition that combines the advantages of high-fluidity concrete and the above-mentioned water-inseparable concrete (Japanese Patent Application No. 2004-99509, Application 2004-99552).
このコンクリート組成物は、具体的には、セメント、水、骨材にコンクリート用化学混和剤を添加するとともに、第１の水溶性低分子化合物（Ａ）と第２の水溶性低分子化合物（Ｂ）とを含有する添加剤であり、上記化合物（Ａ）と化合物（Ｂ）とが、両性界面活性剤から選ばれる化合物（Ａ）とアニオン性界面活性剤から選ばれる化合物（Ｂ）との組み合わせ、または、カチオン性界面活性剤から選ばれる化合物（Ａ）とアニオン性芳香族化合物から選ばれる化合物（Ｂ）との組み合わせ、カチオン性界面活性剤から選ばれる化合物（Ａ）と臭素化合物から選ばれる化合物（Ｂ）との組み合わせ、から選択される添加剤のうちのいずれかの添加剤を増粘性混和剤として配合したもので、これにより、早強性、流動性、材料分離抵抗性に優れるとともに、耐水性にも優れたコンクリート組成物を得ることができる。 Specifically, this concrete composition is prepared by adding a chemical admixture for concrete to cement, water, and aggregate, as well as a first water-soluble low-molecular compound (A) and a second water-soluble low-molecular compound (B A combination of the compound (A) and the compound (B) selected from an amphoteric surfactant and a compound (B) selected from an anionic surfactant. Or a combination of a compound (A) selected from a cationic surfactant and a compound (B) selected from an anionic aromatic compound, a compound (A) selected from a cationic surfactant and a bromine compound In combination with the compound (B), any additive selected from additives selected as a thickening admixture, thereby providing excellent early strength, fluidity, and material separation resistance Together, it is possible to obtain an excellent concrete composition in water resistance.
上記コンクリート組成物では、上記第１の水溶性低分子化合物（Ａ）と第２の水溶性低分子化合物（Ｂ）とがある一定の割合（２：５〜５：２）でコンクリート中に混入されると、上記第１の水溶性低分子化合物（Ａ）と第２の水溶性低分子化合物（Ｂ）とが電気的に配列して擬似ポリマーを形成することにより、上記コンクリート組成物の早強性や耐水性が向上する。特に、上記配合比率がほぼ１：１である場合には、最も結合力が強く、かつ、粘性も大きくなり、早強性や耐水性が大幅に向上する。また、上記配合比率が１：１からずれると、結合力が弱くなり、粘性も小さくなる。
ところで、混和剤を添加したコンクリート組成物を打設する際に、型枠に鉱物油を主成分とする離型剤を使用した場合に、型枠面（離型剤）に接するコンクリート表面の粘性が低下して材料分離（ブリーディング）が発生するとともに、型枠面のコンクリートが硬化不良を起こし、そのため、型枠へスケールが付着してしまうといった問題点があった。更には、コンクリート表面にレイタンス層ができ、コンクリート表面の強度が低下するとともに、コンクリート表面が白く発色したり面荒れするなど、仕上がりも悪くなっていた。
In the concrete composition, the first water-soluble low-molecular compound (A) and the second water-soluble low-molecular compound (B) are mixed in the concrete at a certain ratio (2: 5 to 5: 2). Then, the first water-soluble low-molecular compound (A) and the second water-soluble low-molecular compound (B) are electrically arranged to form a pseudo polymer. Strength and water resistance are improved. In particular, when the blending ratio is approximately 1: 1, the binding force is strongest, the viscosity is increased, and the early strength and water resistance are greatly improved. Moreover, when the said mixture ratio shift | deviates from 1: 1, a binding force will become weak and viscosity will also become small.
By the way, when placing a concrete composition to which an admixture has been added, the viscosity of the concrete surface in contact with the mold surface (release agent) when a mold release agent containing mineral oil as the main component is used for the mold. However, there is a problem that material separation (bleeding) occurs and the concrete on the mold surface is hardened, and the scale adheres to the mold. Further, a latency layer is formed on the concrete surface, the strength of the concrete surface is lowered, and the finish is poor, such as white coloration or roughening of the concrete surface.
本発明は、従来の問題点に鑑みてなされたもので、２種類の水溶性低分子化合物を組み合わせて成る混和剤が配合されたコンクリートに好適に用いられる型枠離型剤と、上記コンクリートの性状を維持することのできるコンクリートの打設方法を提供することを目的とする。 The present invention has been made in view of conventional problems, and is a mold release agent suitably used for concrete mixed with an admixture formed by combining two types of water-soluble low-molecular compounds, An object of the present invention is to provide a concrete pouring method capable of maintaining the properties.
本発明者らは、鋭意検討した結果、上記早強性耐水コンクリートの性状が劣化するのは、上記添加剤（増粘性添加剤）中の第１の水溶性低分子化合物（Ａ）が上記鉱物油に吸着され、その結果、上記第１の水溶性低分子化合物（Ａ）と第２の水溶性低分子化合物（Ｂ）との配合比率がずれてしまうためであること、また、化合物（Ｂ）を吸着した鉱物油が離型剤の機能を低下させてしまうためであることから、上記離型剤として上記第１の水溶性低分子化合物（Ａ）を吸着しない離型剤を使用することにより、コンクリート打設時はもとより、脱型後も、上記コンクリートの性状を維持できることを見出し本発明に到ったものである。
すなわち、本発明の請求項１に記載の発明は、コンクリートの型枠に使用される型枠用離型剤であって、コンクリート組成物に添加される、第１の水溶性低分子化合物（Ａ）と第２の水溶性低分子化合物（Ｂ）とを含有し、上記化合物（Ａ）と化合物（Ｂ）とが、両性界面活性剤から選ばれる化合物（Ａ）とアニオン性界面活性剤から選ばれる化合物（Ｂ）との組み合わせ、または、カチオン性界面活性剤から選ばれる化合物（Ａ）とアニオン性芳香族化合物から選ばれる化合物（Ｂ）との組み合わせ、カチオン性界面活性剤から選ばれる化合物（Ａ）と臭素化合物から選ばれる化合物（Ｂ）との組み合わせ、から選択される混和剤のうちのいずれかの混和剤に含まれる、上記第１の水溶性低分子化合物（Ａ）を吸着しないことを特徴とするものである。
As a result of intensive studies, the present inventors have deteriorated the properties of the early strength water-resistant concrete because the first water-soluble low molecular weight compound (A) in the additive (thickening additive) is the mineral. This is because the compounding ratio of the first water-soluble low-molecular compound (A) and the second water-soluble low-molecular compound (B) is shifted as a result of being adsorbed by the oil, and the compound (B This is because the mineral oil adsorbing) deteriorates the function of the release agent, and therefore, a release agent that does not adsorb the first water-soluble low molecular weight compound (A) is used as the release agent. Thus, the present invention has been found out that the properties of the concrete can be maintained not only at the time of placing the concrete but also after demolding.
That is, the invention described in claim 1 of the present invention is a mold release agent for use in a concrete mold, which is added to the concrete composition, the first water-soluble low molecular weight compound (A ) And a second water-soluble low-molecular compound (B), and the compound (A) and the compound (B) are selected from a compound (A) and an anionic surfactant selected from amphoteric surfactants. Or a combination of a compound (B) selected from a cationic surfactant and a compound (B) selected from a cationic surfactant, a compound selected from a cationic surfactant ( The first water-soluble low molecular weight compound (A) contained in any one of the admixtures selected from the combination of A) and the compound (B) selected from bromine compounds is not adsorbed. Characterized by Than it is.
請求項２に記載の発明は、請求項１に記載のコンクリート用型枠離型剤であって、この離型剤が脂肪酸、植物油、合成樹脂、界面活性剤のいずれかを主成分とする離型剤であることを特徴とするものである。
請求項３に記載の発明は、請求項２に記載のコンクリート用型枠離型剤であって、上記離型剤を、水・グリコール系の離型剤としたことを特徴とするものである。
また、請求項４に記載の発明は、コンクリートの打設方法であって、請求項１〜請求項３のいずれかに記載のコンクリート用型枠離型剤を塗布した型枠に、水、セメント、骨材に加えて、カチオン性界面活性剤から選ばれる化合物（Ａ）とアニオン性芳香族化合物から選ばれる化合物（Ｂ）を含有する混和剤を添加したコンクリート組成物を充填して硬化させることを特徴とするものである。
Invention of Claim 2 is a mold release agent for concrete of Claim 1, Comprising: This mold release agent has as a main component a fatty acid, vegetable oil, a synthetic resin, or surfactant. It is a mold agent.
The invention according to claim 3 is the mold release agent for concrete according to claim 2, wherein the release agent is a water / glycol release agent. .
The invention described in claim 4 is a method for placing concrete, wherein water, cement, and the like are applied to a formwork to which the mold release agent for concrete according to any one of claims 1 to 3 is applied. Filling and hardening a concrete composition to which an admixture containing a compound (A) selected from a cationic surfactant and a compound (B) selected from an anionic aromatic compound is added in addition to the aggregate It is characterized by.
本発明によれば、コンクリート組成物に、第１の水溶性低分子化合物（Ａ）と第２の水溶性低分子化合物（Ｂ）とを含有し、上記化合物（Ａ）と化合物（Ｂ）とが、両性界面活性剤から選ばれる化合物（Ａ）とアニオン性界面活性剤から選ばれる化合物（Ｂ）との組み合わせ、または、カチオン性界面活性剤から選ばれる化合物（Ａ）とアニオン性芳香族化合物から選ばれる化合物（Ｂ）との組み合わせ、カチオン性界面活性剤から選ばれる化合物（Ａ）と臭素化合物から選ばれる化合物（Ｂ）との組み合わせ、から選択される混和剤のうちのいずれかの混和剤が配合されている場合には、脱型離型剤として、脂肪酸、植物油、合成樹脂、界面活性剤のいずれかを主成分とする離型剤などの、上記第１の水溶性低分子化合物（Ａ）を吸着しない離型剤を使用するようにしたので、コンクリートの性状を維持することができるとともに、脱型後のコンクリート表面を良好に保つことができる。
また、上記コンクリート用型枠離型剤を塗布した型枠に、水、セメント、骨材に加えて、カチオン性界面活性剤から選ばれる化合物（Ａ）とアニオン性芳香族化合物から選ばれる化合物（Ｂ）を含有する混和剤を添加したコンクリート組成物を充填して硬化させるようにしたので、早強性、耐水性に優れた性状を有するコンクリート製品またはコンクリート構造物を得ることができる。
According to the present invention, the concrete composition contains the first water-soluble low-molecular compound (A) and the second water-soluble low-molecular compound (B), and the compound (A) and the compound (B) Is a combination of a compound (A) selected from amphoteric surfactants and a compound (B) selected from anionic surfactants, or a compound (A) selected from cationic surfactants and an anionic aromatic compound Any of the admixtures selected from the combination with the compound (B) selected from the above, the combination of the compound (A) selected from the cationic surfactant and the compound (B) selected from the bromine compound In the case where an agent is blended, the first water-soluble low molecular weight compound such as a mold release agent mainly composed of any one of fatty acids, vegetable oils, synthetic resins, and surfactants is used as a mold release agent. Do not adsorb (A) Since to use a release agent, it is possible to maintain the properties of the concrete, it is possible to keep the concrete surface after demoulding good.
Further, in addition to water, cement and aggregate, a compound (A) selected from a cationic surfactant and a compound selected from an anionic aromatic compound (in addition to water, cement, aggregate) Since the concrete composition to which the admixture containing B) is added is filled and cured, a concrete product or concrete structure having properties excellent in early strength and water resistance can be obtained.
以下、本発明の最良の形態について説明する。
まず、本発明の離型剤が適用される２種類の水溶性低分子化合物を組み合わせて成る混和剤が配合された早強性耐水コンクリート組成物について説明する。上記コンクリートは、早強ポルトランドセメント、水、粗骨材、細骨材に、コンクリート用化学混和剤を配合するとともに、増粘性混和剤として、カチオン性界面活性剤から選ばれる第１の水溶性低分子化合物（Ａ）と、アニオン性芳香族化合物から選ばれる第２の水溶性低分子化合物（Ｂ）とを含有する混和剤を用いたもので、その製造方法としては、はじめに、セメント、水、細骨材に、コンクリート用化学混和剤と、上記第２の水溶性低分子化合物（Ｂ）とを練り混ぜて混練物を作製した後、この混練物に上記第１の水溶性低分子化合物（Ａ）を添加して再度混練し、最後に粗骨材を加えて混練し、コンクリート組成物を作製する。
このとき、水セメント比（Ｗ／Ｃ）としては、３０〜４０％とすることが好ましく、３５％前後とすることが特に好ましい。水セメント比が３０％未満であると粘性が高くなり流動性が低下するだけでなく、セメントの割合が多くなるため水和発熱が大きくなり、温度ひび割れが発生し易くなる。また、４０％を超えると、同じ粘性を得るためには上記第１の水溶性低分子化合物（Ａ）と第２の水溶性低分子化合物（Ｂ）とを余分に入れる必要があるが、それでも早強性は低下してしまうので、３０〜４０％とすることが好ましい。
Hereinafter, the best mode of the present invention will be described.
First, an early strength water resistant concrete composition in which an admixture composed of a combination of two water-soluble low molecular weight compounds to which the release agent of the present invention is applied will be described. The above concrete is a first water-soluble low-potential material selected from cationic surfactants as a thickening admixture with early-strength Portland cement, water, coarse aggregate, fine aggregate and a chemical admixture for concrete. The admixture containing the molecular compound (A) and the second water-soluble low-molecular compound (B) selected from the anionic aromatic compounds is used, and as its production method, first, cement, water, A fine aggregate is kneaded with the chemical admixture for concrete and the second water-soluble low molecular compound (B) to prepare a kneaded product, and then the first water-soluble low molecular compound ( A) is added and kneaded again, and finally coarse aggregate is added and kneaded to prepare a concrete composition.
At this time, the water cement ratio (W / C) is preferably 30 to 40%, particularly preferably around 35%. If the water-cement ratio is less than 30%, not only the viscosity increases and the fluidity decreases, but also the proportion of cement increases, so the hydration heat generation increases and temperature cracking is likely to occur. If it exceeds 40%, it is necessary to add the first water-soluble low molecular compound (A) and the second water-soluble low molecular compound (B) in order to obtain the same viscosity. Since early strength will fall, it is preferable to set it as 30 to 40%.
本発明に用いられる第１の水溶性低分子化合物（Ａ）としては、４級アンモニウム塩型カチオン性界面活性剤が好ましく、特に、アルキルアンモニウム塩を主成分とする添加剤が好ましい。また、第２の水溶性低分子化合物（Ｂ）としては、芳香環を有するスルフォン酸塩が好ましく、特に、アルキルアリルスルホン酸塩を主成分とする添加剤が好ましいが、上記化合物（Ａ）と化合物（Ｂ）との組み合わせとしては、ドデカン酸アミドプロピルベタインなどの両性界面活性剤から選ばれる化合物（Ａ）とＰＯＥ（３）ドデシルエーテル硫酸エステル塩などのアニオン性界面活性剤から選ばれる化合物（Ｂ）との組み合わせ、または、上記カチオン性界面活性剤から選ばれる化合物（Ａ）と臭化ナトリウムなどの臭素化合物から選ばれる化合物（Ｂ）との組み合わせであってもよい。
本例では、上記第１の水溶性低分子化合物（Ａ）と第２の水溶性低分子化合物（Ｂ）とを単位水量に対して、それぞれ０．５〜５．０重量％の割合で配合するとともに、上記第１の水溶性低分子化合物（Ａ）と第２の水溶性低分子化合物（Ｂ）とをある一定の割合でセメント中に混入するようにしている。
従来の水中不分離コンクリートで使用されていた水中不分離材料（混和剤）は、増粘性混和剤がセメント粒子に吸着するために硬化遅延を起こすが、上記第１の水溶性低分子化合物（Ａ）と第２の水溶性低分子化合物（Ｂ）とがある一定の割合（例えば、２：５〜５：２の範囲）でコンクリート中に混入されると、上記第１の水溶性低分子化合物（Ａ）と第２の水溶性低分子化合物（Ｂ）とが電気的に配列して擬似ポリマーを形成して増粘機能を発揮することから、セメント粒子に影響を与えないので、上記のような硬化遅延を起こさない。したがって、シールド直打ち工法のコンクリートとして最適に用いられる、早強性に優れるとともに、優れた耐水性を有するコンクリート組成物を得ることができる。なお、実験の結果では、上記第１の水溶性低分子化合物（Ａ）と第２の水溶性低分子化合物（Ｂ）との配合の割合は、１：１の場合が最適であった。
As the first water-soluble low molecular weight compound (A) used in the present invention, a quaternary ammonium salt type cationic surfactant is preferable, and an additive mainly composed of an alkyl ammonium salt is particularly preferable. The second water-soluble low molecular weight compound (B) is preferably a sulfonate having an aromatic ring, and particularly preferably an additive having an alkylallyl sulfonate as a main component. As the combination with the compound (B), a compound (A) selected from an amphoteric surfactant such as amidopropyl betaine dodecanoate and a compound selected from an anionic surfactant such as POE (3) dodecyl ether sulfate ( B) or a combination of the compound (A) selected from the above cationic surfactants and a compound (B) selected from a bromine compound such as sodium bromide may be used.
In this example, the first water-soluble low-molecular compound (A) and the second water-soluble low-molecular compound (B) are blended at a ratio of 0.5 to 5.0% by weight with respect to the unit water amount. At the same time, the first water-soluble low-molecular compound (A) and the second water-soluble low-molecular compound (B) are mixed in the cement at a certain ratio.
The underwater non-separable material (admixture) used in conventional underwater non-separable concrete causes a delay in setting because the thickening adsorbent adsorbs to the cement particles, but the first water-soluble low molecular compound (A ) And the second water-soluble low molecular weight compound (B) are mixed into the concrete at a certain ratio (for example, in the range of 2: 5 to 5: 2), the first water-soluble low molecular weight compound Since (A) and the second water-soluble low molecular weight compound (B) are electrically arranged to form a pseudo polymer and exert a thickening function, the cement particles are not affected. Does not cause slow curing. Therefore, it is possible to obtain a concrete composition which is optimally used as concrete for the shield direct striking method and has excellent early strength and excellent water resistance. As a result of the experiment, the mixing ratio of the first water-soluble low molecular compound (A) and the second water-soluble low molecular compound (B) was optimum when the ratio was 1: 1.
次に、上記コンクリート組成物に種々の系列の離型剤を少量添加してコンクリートの粘性が低下しないかどうかを調べるとともに、上記コンクリート組成物を、離型剤を塗布した型枠を用いて打設した後脱型し、その表面状態を観察した。その結果を以下の表１にまとめた。
一方、脂肪酸系や界面活性剤系の離型剤を用いた場合には、コンクリート組成物の粘性の低下は少ないが、表面状態にやや難点があった。但し、この場合には、粘性があまり低下していないことから、試験に使用した離型剤に問題がある可能性が高く、上記第１の水溶性低分子化合物（Ａ）の吸着はそれほど多くなかったと推定される。
Next, a small amount of various series of release agents is added to the concrete composition to examine whether the viscosity of the concrete is lowered, and the concrete composition is cast using a mold form coated with the release agent. After setting, the mold was removed and the surface condition was observed. The results are summarized in Table 1 below.
On the other hand, when a fatty acid-based or surfactant-based release agent is used, there is little decrease in the viscosity of the concrete composition, but the surface condition is somewhat difficult. However, in this case, since the viscosity has not decreased so much, there is a high possibility that there is a problem with the release agent used in the test, and the adsorption of the first water-soluble low-molecular compound (A) is so much. It is estimated that there was not.
これに対して、植物油系や合成樹脂系の離型剤を用いた場合には、コンクリート組成物の粘性は低下せず、また、更に、スケールの付着やレイタンス層もみられず、コンクリートの表面状態も良好であった。特に、合成樹脂を主成分とするものは、油系のもとは異なり、型枠に不活性で安定した被膜層を形成することから、コンクリート中のセメントに混入することもないので、コンクリートの性状を劣化させないだけでなく、脱型も容易で、かつ、コンクリート表面を良好に保つことができるので好ましい。中でも、水溶性離型剤である水・グリコール系の離型剤は、上記コンクリート組成物に添加した際の粘性の低下が極めて少なく、優れた脱型性を有するので、特に好ましい。
一方、植物油系の離型剤は低粘度であり、型枠内部に一様な油膜を形成することが難しいため、施工の点からは、上記合成樹脂系の離型剤を用いることが好ましい。
なお、上記合成樹脂系の離型剤をシンナーや灯油などのうすめ液で薄めた場合には、上記鉱物油系の場合と同様に、粘性が低下するので、注意が必要である。
このように、合成樹脂系の離型剤を用いた場合には、上記早強性耐水コンクリート組成物の早強性や流動性、耐水性などの性状を十分に発揮することができる。
In contrast, when a vegetable oil-based or synthetic resin-based release agent is used, the viscosity of the concrete composition does not decrease, and further, no scale adherence or latency layer is seen, and the concrete surface condition Was also good. In particular, those containing synthetic resin as the main component are different from oil-based ones, and form an inert and stable coating layer on the mold, so they are not mixed into the cement in the concrete. Not only does the property not deteriorate, it is easy to remove the mold and the concrete surface can be kept good, which is preferable. Among these, a water / glycol release agent that is a water-soluble release agent is particularly preferable because it has a very low decrease in viscosity when added to the concrete composition and has excellent demoldability.
On the other hand, since the vegetable oil-based mold release agent has a low viscosity and it is difficult to form a uniform oil film inside the mold, it is preferable to use the synthetic resin-based mold release agent from the viewpoint of construction.
It should be noted that when the synthetic resin mold release agent is diluted with a thin solution such as thinner or kerosene, the viscosity is lowered as in the case of the mineral oil system.
Thus, when a synthetic resin mold release agent is used, properties such as the early strength, fluidity, and water resistance of the early strength water-resistant concrete composition can be sufficiently exhibited.
なお、上記最良の形態では、主に、シールド工法の直打ちコンクリートライニング材と使用される早強性耐水コンクリートについて説明したが、これに限るものではなく、本発明の離型剤は、上記２種類の水溶性低分子化合物を組み合わせて成る混和剤が配合されたコンクリートであれば、他の配合組成であっても適用可能である。 In the above-described best mode, the description has been given mainly on the early-strength water-resistant concrete used with the direct-acting concrete lining material of the shield method. However, the present invention is not limited to this. Other concrete compositions can be applied as long as the concrete is mixed with an admixture composed of a combination of various water-soluble low-molecular compounds.
以上説明したように、本発明によれば、コンクリート組成物に、第１の水溶性低分子化合物（Ａ）と第２の水溶性低分子化合物（Ｂ）とを含有し、上記化合物（Ａ）と化合物（Ｂ）を含む混和剤が含まれている場合には、離型剤として、脂肪酸、植物油、合成樹脂、界面活性剤のいずれかを主成分とする離型剤などの、上記第１の水溶性低分子化合物（Ａ）を吸着しない型枠離型剤を使用するようにしたので、コンクリートの性状を維持することができる。また、型枠面のコンクリートが硬化不良を起こすこともないので、脱型も容易で、かつ、コンクリート表面を良好に保つことができる。したがって、湧水地層におけるシールド工法における覆工コンクリートの構築や、バイブレータによる締め固めが困難な建築物の施工、更には、海洋構造物や地中構造物などの水が存在する場所でのコンクリート施工を容易にかつ確実に行うことができる。 As described above, according to the present invention, the concrete composition contains the first water-soluble low-molecular compound (A) and the second water-soluble low-molecular compound (B), and the compound (A). And the compound (B), the first release agent such as a release agent mainly composed of any one of fatty acids, vegetable oils, synthetic resins, and surfactants is used as the release agent. Since the mold release agent that does not adsorb the water-soluble low molecular weight compound (A) is used, the properties of the concrete can be maintained. Further, since the concrete on the mold surface does not cause poor curing, it is easy to remove the mold and the concrete surface can be kept good. Therefore, construction of lining concrete in the shield method in the spring ground formation, construction of buildings that are difficult to compact with vibrators, and concrete construction in places where there is water such as offshore structures and underground structures Can be easily and reliably performed.
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