JP2005263525A - Carbonized earthenware and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a carbonized earthenware which is prepared by adhering, to the surface of an earthenware, a carbonized material consisting mainly of carbon by utilizing a dry distillation gas generated in the carbonization treatment of an organic substance and which is especially useful as food and drink vessels or cooking utensils; and to provide a manufacturing method thereof. <P>SOLUTION: The carbonized earthenware is manufactured in such a way that a carbonized material consisting mainly of carbon is adhered to an earthenware by arranging a solid organic material and an earthenware having minute pores and a water absorption of 3 % or more in a carbonization chamber and heating the inside of the carbonization chamber to 500-800°C with a high-temperature burning gas to dry-distil the solid organic material and simultaneously to bring a thermal decomposition gas produced from the solid organic material into contact with the earthenware. On the surface of thus yielded carbonized earthenware, the carbonized material adheres along the minute pores, coloring the whole surface black. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to carbonized ceramics with carbides attached to the surface, and a method for producing the same, and particularly to a method for producing carbonized ceramics by attaching carbides to the surface of ceramics when carbonizing organic materials such as wood and bamboo. It is.

  Conventionally, carbonization of waste such as wood, bamboo, and paper has been performed using a method for producing charcoal. For example, in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-316675, in a carbonization apparatus provided with a combustion chamber and a carbonization chamber, building waste materials and the like are placed in the carbonization chamber, and the combustion chamber is heated with a burner to heat the carbonization chamber to about 400 ° C. Thus, it is described that an organic substance is carbonized.

  In such a conventional carbonization apparatus, when using a dry distillation gas generated by carbonization of an organic substance, the dry distillation gas is exclusively used as a fuel because it is flammable. For example, when carbonized gas is used in carbonization equipment, it is used to reduce the fuel consumption of the burner in the combustion chamber by supplying the carbonized gas generated by carbonization to the combustion chamber and supplying air to burn it. Was.

  On the other hand, glazed tiles that have been used for roofs of Japanese architecture for a long time are covered with a carbonaceous film and are characterized by an astringent silvery luster. This glazed roof tile is produced by kneading, molding, drying, and firing raw clay, but it is performed by a hatching process in which pine wood and pine needles are added at once in the final stage of firing, and steamed and fired. A gas containing hydrocarbon is generated to form a carbonaceous film on the surface of the roof tile.

As described above, it is considered that the tiled tiles should have an astringent silvery luster, so that it was necessary to hatch at a high temperature of about 900 ° C. in order to obtain a good luster. By treating at such a high temperature, a dense and smooth carbonaceous film is formed on the surface of the roof tile, and gloss specific to the tile roof is obtained. It should be noted that the carbonaceous film of the tiled tile has a weak adhesion and can be peeled off by adhering an adhesive tape or the like.
JP 2001-316675 A

  INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention uses carbonized gas generated when carbonizing organic materials such as wood and bamboo to attach carbon-based carbides to the surface of pottery, and is particularly useful as a container for food and drinks or cooking utensils. An object of the present invention is to provide a carbonized ceramic and a manufacturing method thereof.

  In order to achieve the above object, the carbonized earthenware provided by the present invention is such that a carbon-based carbide adheres along the fine pores on the surface of the earthenware having fine pores and having a water absorption rate of 3% or more. It is characterized by being colored.

  The carbonized earthenware of the present invention is characterized in that the surface on which the carbon-based carbide adheres has fine pores and low electrical resistance. Moreover, as for the earthenware in this invention, it is desirable that it is a teacup or a pot.

  The method for producing carbonized earthenware in the present invention includes placing a ceramic material having a water absorption rate of 3% or more having fine pores in a carbonization chamber and a solid organic material, and heating the carbonization chamber with a high-temperature combustion gas to dry distillation the solid organic material. At the same time, the pyrolysis gas generated from the solid organic material by the carbonization treatment is brought into contact with the earthenware, and the carbide mainly composed of carbon is adhered to the surface of the earthenware.

  In the manufacturing method of the carbonized earthenware of the said invention, it is preferable that the said solid organic material is bamboo. Furthermore, in the manufacturing method of the carbonized earthenware of the said invention, it is preferable that the temperature in the said carbonization chamber shall be 500-800 degreeC.

  According to the present invention, a solid organic material such as wood or bamboo to be treated as waste is carbonized to charcoal, and at the same time, carbon is used as a main component on the surface of the pottery by using the carbonized gas generated at that time. By adhering the carbide to be obtained, carbonized ceramics can be manufactured easily and at low cost.

  This carbonized earthenware has carbon-based carbides adhering along the fine pores, so it is expected to have purification and deodorizing effects due to its high adsorption power, dissolution of abundant minerals, thermal insulation and cooling effect by far infrared rays, etc. In particular, it is useful as a container for food and drink or as a cooking utensil.

  The carbonized earthenware of the present invention can be manufactured using a carbonized gas generated when carbonizing a solid organic material into charcoal. That is, a pottery is placed together with a solid organic material to be carbonized in a carbonization chamber of a carbonization apparatus, and the solid organic material is subjected to dry distillation treatment by heating the carbonization chamber with a high-temperature combustion gas. At this time, pyrolytic gas is generated from the solid organic material and comes into contact with the pottery in the carbonization chamber, so that the carbide mainly composed of carbon adheres to the surface of the pottery, and the carbonized pottery colored in black is obtained as a whole.

  Pottery that is the base of carbonized pottery is a ceramic that is not completely melted and has a porous base, usually without glaze, has fine pores, and has a water absorption of 3% or more. It is necessary to be. When the water absorption rate of the earthenware that is the base is less than 3%, even if the pyrolysis gas generated from the solid organic material is brought into contact, the carbide containing carbon as a main component adheres to the surface of the earthenware along the fine pores. It is difficult to remove or adhere to the carbide is very easy to peel off.

  Examples of the solid organic material include wood, bamboo, and paper. Bamboo is particularly preferable from the viewpoints of easy adhesion of carbide to the surface of the pottery and the color and characteristics of the adhered carbide layer. In addition, solid organic materials that have been treated as waste materials, such as wood and bamboo waste materials generated at the site of building demolition, can be used effectively.

  In the method of the present invention, the temperature in the carbonization chamber is preferably 500 to 800 ° C. This is because if the temperature in the carbonization chamber is less than 500 ° C., the solid organic material may be carbonized, but it is difficult to firmly and firmly adhere the carbide to the surface of the pottery. On the other hand, if the temperature in the carbonization chamber exceeds 800 ° C., the resulting carbonized earthenware will exhibit a metallic luster or the surface porosity will be lost due to adhering carbides, which is not preferable.

  In the carbonized earthenware of the present invention obtained by the above method, a carbide mainly composed of carbon adheres to the surface of the earthenware and is colored black as a whole. Microscopically, the carbide adhering to the surface of the pottery covers the ceramic particles on the surface of the pottery, that is, adheres along the fine pores on the surface of the pottery, and therefore the carbide layer is dense and smooth like a tiled tile. It does not become a proper layer, and fine pores remain on the surface.

  Thus, since the fine pores are left on the surface covered with the carbide of the carbonized earthenware, the performance as the porous material of the earthenware that is the base is maintained. Therefore, the carbonized earthenware of the present invention has a high adsorbing power and has an action of adsorbing and purifying or deodorizing impurities in water and air. Further, since the carbide layer on the surface has a low electric resistance, an effect of releasing negative ions into the atmosphere or water can be expected.

  The carbonized earthenware of the present invention having the above-described effects is particularly useful as a container for food or drink or a cooking utensil, for example, as a tea bowl or a pan. In other words, by using carbonized pottery as tea bowls, pots, etc., in addition to the above-mentioned purification and deodorization action and negative ion release action, abundant minerals are dissolved from the carbide layer on the surface, and drinks and rice and other food and drink are more Can be delicious. Moreover, the heat-retaining effect of food and drink can be expected from the far infrared rays from the carbide layer.

  A specific example of the carbonization apparatus will be described with reference to FIGS. The carbonization apparatus basically includes a heating chamber 1 provided with an opening / closing lid 1b for opening and closing the outlet 1a, a carbonization chamber 2 disposed in the heating chamber 1, a heating chamber 1 disposed above the heating chamber 1, and heating. The chamber 1 is composed of a combustion chamber 3 partitioned by a heat-resistant partition wall 5. In addition, a communication port 5 a that connects the heating chamber 1 and the combustion chamber 3 is provided at the center of the heat-resistant partition wall 5. The heating chamber 1 is fixed on the support 4 and the inner surfaces of the heating chamber 1 and the combustion chamber 3 are made of a heat-resistant furnace material.

  The carbonization chamber 2 disposed in the heating chamber 1 includes a bottomed box-shaped carbonization chamber main body 2a and a lid plate 2b suspended and fixed to the heat-resistant partition wall 5 so as to close the upper opening of the carbonization chamber main body 2a. It is configured. A rotation support shaft 6 is fixed in a horizontal direction on one side surface of the carbonization chamber main body 2a, and the carbonization chamber main body 2a is inclined or held horizontally as shown by a chain line in FIG. Can be opened and closed. The carbonization chamber body 2a and the cover plate 2b are made of a ceramic material such as silicon nitride or a metal material such as stainless steel. Further, a sealing material 7 made of ceramic wool is attached to the outer peripheral surface of the upper opening end of the carbonization chamber main body 2a, and when the carbonization chamber main body 2a is closed by the cover plate 2b, leakage of dry distillation gas or intrusion of air occurs. It comes to prevent.

  A combustion burner 8 is installed on the outer wall of the combustion chamber 3 so as to supply high-temperature combustion gas into the combustion chamber 2. Further, an air supply blower 9 is installed on the support base 4, and combustion air is supplied into the combustion chamber 3 through an air introduction pipe 10 penetrating the heat-resistant partition wall 5. Inside the air introduction pipe 10, a gas introduction pipe 11 having a lower end opened in the carbonization chamber 2 and an upper end opened in the combustion chamber 3 is arranged coaxially. The gas introduction pipe 11 is arranged in the air introduction pipe 10. In a portion penetrating a part of the two, the gap between the two is hermetically sealed.

  Further, a first exhaust port 12 is provided at the bottom of the heating chamber 1, and as shown in FIG. 2, a first exhaust tube 13 that is connected to the first exhaust port 12 and extends upward from the outside of the apparatus is erected. Has been. On the other hand, a second exhaust port 14 is provided at the top of the combustion chamber 3, and a second exhaust cylinder 15 is provided so as to connect the second exhaust port 14 and an intermediate portion of the first exhaust cylinder 13. . As shown in FIG. 2, a switching damper 16 is rotatably supported in a connection portion between the first exhaust cylinder 13 and the second exhaust cylinder 15. Then, by positioning the switching damper 16 in the horizontal direction or the vertical direction, the temperature in the combustion chamber 3 and the heating chamber 1 can be adjusted by allowing the inside of the combustion chamber 3 or the heating chamber 1 to communicate with the outside air. It can be done.

  Next, a method for producing carbonized ceramics using the carbonization apparatus will be described. First, as shown by a chain line in FIG. 1, the carbonization chamber is set so that the opening of the carbonization chamber body 2 a faces the outlet 1 a of the heating chamber 1 by rotating the rotation support shaft 6 counterclockwise. The main body 2a is inclined. A solid organic material (for example, bamboo) is spread on the bottom of the carbonization chamber main body 2a, and a plurality of pottery (water absorption rate of 3% or more) is arranged directly or using a support. Thereafter, the coking chamber body 2a is moved by rotating the rotating support shaft 6 in the clockwise direction, the opening is pressed against the lid plate 2b, and the sealing material 7 is brought into close contact with the lower surface of the lid plate 2b, and then opened and closed. The outlet 1a of the heating chamber 1 is closed by the lid 1b.

  Subsequently, the fuel is burned by the combustion burner 8 in the combustion chamber 3 while supplying air from the air supply blower 9 through the air introduction pipe 10. The switching damper 16 provided at the connection between the first exhaust pipe 13 and the second exhaust pipe 15 closes the second exhaust pipe 15 in the steady state as shown by the solid line in FIG. The combustion gas is supplied into the lower heating chamber 1 through the communication port 5a. The supplied combustion gas heats the inside of the heating chamber 1 and is exhausted from the first exhaust port 12 at the bottom of the heating chamber 1 through the first exhaust pipe 13.

  As the heating chamber 1 is heated, the inside of the carbonizing chamber 2 is heated to 500 to 800 ° C. As a result, moisture is evaporated from the solid organic material in the carbonizing chamber 2 and further dry-distilled, and pyrolysis gas is generated. To do. The pyrolysis gas generated by this carbonization process contacts the earthenware placed in the carbonization chamber 2, and the carbide mainly composed of carbon in the pyrolysis gas adheres to the surface of the earthenware, so that the whole is colored black. Carbonized pottery is obtained. At the same time, since the pyrolysis gas is combustible, a part of the pyrolysis gas is led as an auxiliary fuel to the upper combustion chamber 3 through the gas introduction pipe 11 and reacts with oxygen in the air supplied from the air supply blower 9. Burned.

  The switching damper 16 is also used for temperature adjustment of the heating chamber 1 and the combustion chamber 3. That is, when the temperature of the heating chamber 1 or the combustion chamber 3 rises excessively, the switching damper 16 is moved in the horizontal direction as indicated by a chain line in FIG. The exhaust tube 15 is closed, and a part of the combustion gas in the combustion chamber 3 is discharged from the second exhaust port 14 through the second exhaust tube 15. Further, when the temperature of the heating chamber 1 or the combustion chamber 3 is excessively lowered, the switching damper 16 is moved in the vertical direction, and the second exhaust pipe 15 is closed. Thus, the movement of the switching damper 16 can suppress an increase or decrease in the temperature of the heating chamber 1 and the combustion chamber 3, and can keep the temperature in the carbonization chamber 2 constant within a predetermined range.

  When the carbonization process is completed, the combustion burner 8 and the air supply blower 9 are stopped, the temperature of the heating chamber 1 and the combustion chamber 3 is lowered to approximately 50 ° C., and then the opening / closing lid 1b is opened to open the outlet 1a. Next, the rotation support shaft 6 is rotated to incline the carbonization chamber main body 2a, and the carbonized earthenware in the carbonization chamber 2 is recovered from the space between the openable lid 2b.

  Specifically, using bamboo as the solid organic material and heating the inside of the carbonization chamber 2 to a temperature of about 550 ° C. or higher, a carbide mainly composed of carbon on the surface of an unglazed teacup (water absorption rate of 3% or higher) The carbonized earthenware that was colored black was obtained.

It is sectional drawing which shows one specific example of the carbonization apparatus used for implementation of this invention. It is the front view which notched and showed the carbonization apparatus of FIG.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Heating chamber 2 Carbonization chamber 2a Carbonization chamber main body 2b Cover plate 3 Combustion chamber 5 Heat-resistant partition wall 5a Communication port 6 Rotating spindle 8 Combustion burner 9 Air supply blower 10 Air introduction tube 11 Gas introduction tube 12 1st exhaust port 13 1st Exhaust tube 14 Second exhaust port 15 Second exhaust tube 16 Switching damper

Claims (6)

A carbonized earthenware characterized in that a carbide mainly composed of carbon adheres along the fine pores on the surface of the earthenware having fine pores and has a water absorption rate of 3% or more, and is colored black as a whole. 2. The carbonized earthenware according to claim 1, wherein the surface on which the carbon-based carbide is attached has fine pores and low electrical resistance. The carbonized earthenware according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the earthenware is a tea bowl or a pot. Place ceramics with a water absorption rate of 3% or more and solid organic material with fine pores in the carbonization chamber and heat the carbonization chamber with high-temperature combustion gas to dry distillation the solid organic material. A method for producing carbonized earthenware, characterized in that pyrolytic gas generated from the ceramic is brought into contact with the earthenware, and a carbon-based carbide is adhered to the surface of the earthenware. The method for producing carbonized earthenware according to claim 4, wherein the solid organic material is bamboo. The method for producing carbonized earthenware according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the temperature in the carbonization chamber is set to 500 to 800 ° C.

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