JP2005263038A - Pedestrian detecting device - Google Patents

Pedestrian detecting device Download PDF

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JP2005263038A
JP2005263038A JP2004078960A JP2004078960A JP2005263038A JP 2005263038 A JP2005263038 A JP 2005263038A JP 2004078960 A JP2004078960 A JP 2004078960A JP 2004078960 A JP2004078960 A JP 2004078960A JP 2005263038 A JP2005263038 A JP 2005263038A
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pedestrian
optical fiber
pedestrian detection
vehicle
bumper
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JP4082692B2 (en
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Koji Otaka
孝治 大高
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Denso Corp
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Denso Corp
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Priority to JP2004078960A priority Critical patent/JP4082692B2/en
Priority to DE102005011389A priority patent/DE102005011389B4/en
Priority to CNB2005100716582A priority patent/CN100436201C/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R21/00—Arrangements or fittings on vehicles for protecting or preventing injuries to occupants or pedestrians in case of accidents or other traffic risks
    • B60R21/01—Electrical circuits for triggering passive safety arrangements, e.g. airbags, safety belt tighteners, in case of vehicle accidents or impending vehicle accidents
    • B60R21/013—Electrical circuits for triggering passive safety arrangements, e.g. airbags, safety belt tighteners, in case of vehicle accidents or impending vehicle accidents including means for detecting collisions, impending collisions or roll-over
    • B60R21/0136—Electrical circuits for triggering passive safety arrangements, e.g. airbags, safety belt tighteners, in case of vehicle accidents or impending vehicle accidents including means for detecting collisions, impending collisions or roll-over responsive to actual contact with an obstacle, e.g. to vehicle deformation, bumper displacement or bumper velocity relative to the vehicle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R21/00—Arrangements or fittings on vehicles for protecting or preventing injuries to occupants or pedestrians in case of accidents or other traffic risks
    • B60R21/01—Electrical circuits for triggering passive safety arrangements, e.g. airbags, safety belt tighteners, in case of vehicle accidents or impending vehicle accidents
    • B60R2021/0104—Communication circuits for data transmission
    • B60R2021/01081—Transmission medium
    • B60R2021/01095—Transmission medium optical
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R21/00—Arrangements or fittings on vehicles for protecting or preventing injuries to occupants or pedestrians in case of accidents or other traffic risks
    • B60R21/34—Protecting non-occupants of a vehicle, e.g. pedestrians

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Force Measurement Appropriate To Specific Purposes (AREA)

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a pedestrian detecting device inexpensively formable without causing erroneous operation of an electronic product by transmitting and receiving an electromagnetic wave. <P>SOLUTION: This pedestrian detecting device has a pedestrian detecting sensor 2, and an arithmetic operation part 3; and is characterized in that the pedestrian detecting sensor 2 is composed of a load sensor having an optical fiber extended to a front part. This pedestrian detecting device has the inexpensively formable effect without causing the erroneous operation of the electronic product by transmitting and receiving the electromagnetic wave. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

本発明は、歩行者検知装置に関し、詳しくは、車両が衝突した歩行者を検知する歩行者検知装置に関する。   The present invention relates to a pedestrian detection device, and more particularly to a pedestrian detection device that detects a pedestrian that has collided with a vehicle.

近年、車両においては事故時の安全性の向上が図られている。車両の安全性に関して、事故時に車両の搭乗者の安全性を確保するだけでなく、車両が衝突した歩行者に対する安全性の向上が求められている。   In recent years, in vehicles, safety in the event of an accident has been improved. With respect to vehicle safety, not only is it necessary to ensure the safety of passengers in the event of an accident, but there is a need for improved safety for pedestrians who have collided with the vehicle.

歩行者に車両が衝突したときに歩行者に対する保護手段としては、歩行者が車両のボンネットに衝突するときのダメージを低減して、出来る限り傷害値（歩行者が受ける衝撃）を下げる方法が考えられている。   As a protective measure against pedestrians when a vehicle collides with a pedestrian, a method of reducing damage when the pedestrian collides with the vehicle hood and reducing the injury value (impact received by the pedestrian) as much as possible is considered. It has been.

例えば、特許文献１には、歩行者と車両の衝突時にボンネットをリフトアップさせることで車両と衝突した歩行者が受ける二次衝突の衝撃を吸収緩和する歩行者保護装置が開示されている。具体的には、走行中の車両が歩行者と衝突して歩行者が跳ね上げられたときに、跳ね上げられた歩行者がボンネット上面に衝突する（二次衝突）。このとき、ボンネットがリフトアップすることで、二次衝突の衝撃をボンネットが吸収緩和する。これにより、歩行者が受ける二次衝突のダメージを低減できる。この結果、歩行者が事故によりうけるダメージが低減する。   For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a pedestrian protection device that absorbs and reduces the impact of a secondary collision received by a pedestrian that has collided with a vehicle by lifting the hood when the pedestrian collides with the vehicle. Specifically, when a running vehicle collides with a pedestrian and the pedestrian is bounced up, the pedestrian who is bounced up collides with the bonnet upper surface (secondary collision). At this time, when the bonnet is lifted up, the bonnet absorbs and reduces the impact of the secondary collision. Thereby, the damage of the secondary collision which a pedestrian receives can be reduced. As a result, damage to pedestrians due to accidents is reduced.

そして、近年、車両に搭載される電子製品数は増加傾向にあり、これからもこの傾向は続くものと考えられている。車両に搭載される電子製品には、製品ごとにＥＭＣ（電磁両立性、ＥｌｅｃｔｒｏＭａｇｎｅｔｉｃ Ｃｏｍｐａｔｉｂｉｌｉｔｙ）対策が必須条件となっている。当然の事ながら、特許文献１に記載の歩行者保護装置においてもＥＭＣ対策が要求されている。   In recent years, the number of electronic products mounted on vehicles has been increasing, and this trend is expected to continue. For electronic products mounted on vehicles, EMC (Electromagnetic Compatibility) countermeasures are indispensable conditions for each product. As a matter of course, EMC measures are also required in the pedestrian protection device described in Patent Document 1.

歩行者保護装置において、歩行者の車両バンパーへの衝突をリーズナブルに計測する場合、バンパーリンホース前面を覆う様に歩行者検知センサを配置することは容易に考えられる。そして、歩行者検知センサが電流の変化等で衝突の検出を行うセンサである場合には、歩行者検知センサ自体がアンテナになり、歩行者検知センサから電磁波を放射して他の電子製品に悪影響をもたらしたり、逆に他の電子製品の放射した電磁波を受信して歩行者保護装置が誤動作したりと、ＥＭＣに対して不利な製品構造となる。   In a pedestrian protection device, when a collision of a pedestrian with a vehicle bumper is measured at a reasonable cost, it can be easily considered to arrange a pedestrian detection sensor so as to cover the front surface of the bumper hose. If the pedestrian detection sensor is a sensor that detects a collision due to a change in current or the like, the pedestrian detection sensor itself becomes an antenna, which emits electromagnetic waves from the pedestrian detection sensor and adversely affects other electronic products. If the pedestrian protection device malfunctions due to reception of electromagnetic waves radiated from other electronic products, the product structure is disadvantageous to EMC.

たとえば、衝突を検出することが可能なワイヤーハーネス構造のセンサー（挟み込み防止センサー）を歩行者検知センサとした場合には、センサーの長さが長くなる場合に、ＥＭＣ性能やセンサー感度の向上の為に、電磁シールド構造を用いる事が行われている。たとえば、特許文献２には、金属線材あるいは非金属線に金属メッキを施した線材を編んで編成された電磁波を遮蔽する電磁シールド用ワイヤメッシュが開示されている。   For example, if a sensor with a wire harness structure that can detect a collision (pinch prevention sensor) is used as a pedestrian detection sensor, when the sensor length increases, EMC performance and sensor sensitivity are improved. In addition, an electromagnetic shield structure is used. For example, Patent Document 2 discloses an electromagnetic shielding wire mesh that shields electromagnetic waves that are knitted by knitting a metal wire or a wire obtained by applying metal plating to a non-metal wire.

しかしながら、この電磁シールド用ワイヤメッシュ等の電磁波を遮蔽する部材でセンサーを被覆する電磁シールド構造をワイヤーハーネス構造のセンサーに用いると、歩行者検知センサが非常に高価になるという問題を有していた。すなわち、電磁シールド用ワイヤメッシュ等の部材自身にコストがかかるだけでなく、これらを組み付けるためのコストも必要となる。
特開平１１−２８９９４号公報 特開平６−３０２９８５号公報 However, when the electromagnetic shield structure that covers the sensor with a member that shields electromagnetic waves such as a wire mesh for electromagnetic shield is used for the sensor of the wire harness structure, there is a problem that the pedestrian detection sensor becomes very expensive. . That is, not only costs such as a wire mesh for electromagnetic shielding itself cost but also a cost for assembling them.
JP-A-11-28994 JP-A-6-302985

本発明は上記実状に鑑みてなされたものであり、電磁波を送受信することによる電子製品の誤作動を生じることなく安価に形成できる歩行者検知装置を提供することを課題とする。   This invention is made | formed in view of the said actual condition, and makes it a subject to provide the pedestrian detection apparatus which can be formed in low cost, without producing the malfunction of an electronic product by transmitting / receiving electromagnetic waves.

本発明は上記実状に鑑みてなされたものであり、車両が歩行者に衝突したときの安全性について検討を重ねた結果本発明をなすに至った。本発明の歩行者検知装置は、歩行者検知センサに光ファイバーを用いることで上記課題を解決している。   This invention is made | formed in view of the said actual condition, As a result of examining repeatedly about the safety when a vehicle collides with a pedestrian, it came to make this invention. The pedestrian detection device of the present invention solves the above problem by using an optical fiber for the pedestrian detection sensor.

すなわち、本発明の歩行者検知装置は、車室の前部のエンジンルームの前面部に配設され歩行者の衝突を検知する歩行者検知センサと、歩行者検知センサの出力信号が入力され、歩行者の衝突の判断を行う演算部と、を有する歩行者検知装置であって、歩行者検知センサが、前面部に延設された光ファイバーを有する荷重センサよりなることを特徴とする。   That is, the pedestrian detection device of the present invention is a pedestrian detection sensor that is disposed in the front part of the engine room in the front part of the passenger compartment and detects a pedestrian collision, and an output signal of the pedestrian detection sensor A pedestrian detection device having a calculation unit for determining a collision of a pedestrian, wherein the pedestrian detection sensor is composed of a load sensor having an optical fiber extending on a front surface portion.

本発明の歩行者検知装置は、歩行者検知センサが光ファイバーを用いている。光ファイバーは、電磁波を送受信しない。このため、歩行者検知センサが誤検知や他の電子製品に影響を及ぼすことが抑えられている。また、光ファイバーが電磁波を送受信しないため、光ファイバー自身に電磁シールド等の電磁波を遮蔽するための手段が必要とされていない。このため、本発明の歩行者検知装置は、安価に製造することができる。   In the pedestrian detection device of the present invention, the pedestrian detection sensor uses an optical fiber. Optical fibers do not transmit or receive electromagnetic waves. For this reason, it is suppressed that a pedestrian detection sensor influences a false detection or another electronic product. Further, since the optical fiber does not transmit / receive electromagnetic waves, the optical fiber itself does not require means for shielding electromagnetic waves such as an electromagnetic shield. For this reason, the pedestrian detection device of the present invention can be manufactured at low cost.

光ファイバーは、エンジンルームの前面部に固定されたバンパーリンホースと、バンパーリンホースの前面に配設されたアブソーバーと、アブソーバーの前面にもうけられ車両の前面の一部を形成するカバーと、を有する車両のフロントバンパーの、バンパーリンホースとアブソーバーの間にもうけられたことが好ましい。フロントバンパーは車両の最前部を形成しており、車両が歩行者に衝突したときに最初に当たる部分である。光ファイバーがこのフロントバンパーにもうけられることで、歩行者の衝突をセンシングすることができる。そして、光ファイバーがバンパーリンホースとアブソーバーの間にもうけられたことで、歩行者との衝突の検知を行うことができる。   The optical fiber includes a bumper phosphorus hose fixed to the front portion of the engine room, an absorber disposed on the front surface of the bumper phosphorus hose, and a cover that is provided on the front surface of the absorber and forms a part of the front surface of the vehicle. It is preferable that the front bumper of the vehicle is provided between the bumper ring hose and the absorber. The front bumper forms the foremost part of the vehicle, and is the first portion that hits when the vehicle collides with a pedestrian. An optical fiber is provided on the front bumper, so that it is possible to sense a pedestrian collision. And since the optical fiber is provided between the bumper hose and the absorber, the collision with the pedestrian can be detected.

光ファイバとアブソーバーとの間には、荷重板が配設されたことが好ましい。荷重板を配設することで、荷重板が衝突時の圧力をロスなく受けるようになる。荷重板を介して光ファイバーが押圧されるようになるため、本発明の歩行者検知装置の歩行者の検知精度が向上する。   A load plate is preferably disposed between the optical fiber and the absorber. By disposing the load plate, the load plate receives the pressure at the time of collision without loss. Since the optical fiber is pressed through the load plate, the pedestrian detection accuracy of the pedestrian detection device of the present invention is improved.

光ファイバの前面には、光ファイバののびる方向に対して垂直な方向にのびる突条が形成された屈曲板が配設されたことが好ましい。屈曲板が配設されることで、屈曲板を介して光ファイバーが押圧される。すなわち、屈曲板の突条が光ファイバを押圧する。光ファイバーを押圧する力が集中することとなり、検知精度が向上する。   It is preferable that a bent plate having a ridge extending in a direction perpendicular to the direction in which the optical fiber extends is disposed on the front surface of the optical fiber. By arranging the bent plate, the optical fiber is pressed through the bent plate. That is, the protrusion of the bent plate presses the optical fiber. The force for pressing the optical fiber is concentrated, and the detection accuracy is improved.

本発明の歩行者検知装置は、車両と衝突した歩行者のセンシングを光ファイバーにより行うことから、歩行者検知センサが誤検知や電子製品に影響を及ぼすことが抑えられている。また、本発明の歩行者検知装置は、電磁シールド等の電磁波を遮蔽するための手段を必要としていないため、安価に製造することができる。すなわち、本発明の歩行者検知装置は、電磁波を送受信することによる電子製品の誤作動を生じることなく安価に形成できる効果を有する。   Since the pedestrian detection device according to the present invention senses a pedestrian that has collided with a vehicle using an optical fiber, the pedestrian detection sensor is prevented from affecting erroneous detection and electronic products. Moreover, since the pedestrian detection apparatus of this invention does not require the means for shielding electromagnetic waves, such as an electromagnetic shield, it can be manufactured cheaply. That is, the pedestrian detection device of the present invention has an effect that it can be formed at low cost without causing malfunction of an electronic product due to transmission / reception of electromagnetic waves.

以下、本発明を具体的な実施例に基づいて説明する。   Hereinafter, the present invention will be described based on specific examples.

図１は、本実施例の歩行者検知装置の構成を示した図である。本実施例の歩行者検知装置は、車両Ｖ、車両バンパー１、歩行者検知センサ２、演算手段３、を有する。   FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a pedestrian detection device according to the present embodiment. The pedestrian detection device of this embodiment includes a vehicle V, a vehicle bumper 1, a pedestrian detection sensor 2, and a calculation means 3.

車両Ｖは、本実施例の歩行者検知装置が設置される車両である。車両Ｖは、車室の前部にエンジンルームＥを有する。なお、本実施例の歩行者保護装置が設置される車両は、車両バンパー１を有する車両であればいずれの種類の車両であってもよい。すなわち、本実施例の歩行者検知装置が設置された車両Ｖは、車室の前部にエンジンルームＥを有しているが、エンジンルームのかわりにトランクルームを有する車両でもよい。   The vehicle V is a vehicle in which the pedestrian detection device of the present embodiment is installed. The vehicle V has an engine room E in the front part of the passenger compartment. Note that the vehicle on which the pedestrian protection apparatus according to the present embodiment is installed may be any type of vehicle as long as the vehicle has the vehicle bumper 1. That is, the vehicle V on which the pedestrian detection device of this embodiment is installed has the engine room E in the front part of the vehicle compartment, but may be a vehicle having a trunk room instead of the engine room.

車両バンパー１は、エンジンルームＥの前面にもうけられている。車両バンパー１は、歩行者検知センサ２がもうけられている。本実施例においては、車両バンパー１は、車両ＶにもうけられたフロントサイドメンバーＶｍにバンパーリンフォース１０が固定され、バンパーリンフォース１０の前面に歩行者検知センサ２の光ファイバー２０が延設され、光ファイバー２０の前面に略板状の荷重板１１が配設され、その前面に衝撃を緩和するための発泡樹脂等の弾性部材よりなるアブソーバー１２がもうけられ、さらに、バンパーカバー１３がもうけられている。ここで、車両バンパー１の断面斜視図を図２に、車両バンパー１を構成する部材の配置を示した図を図３に示した。なお、図３においては、バンパーカバー１３は、省略した。   The vehicle bumper 1 is provided in front of the engine room E. The vehicle bumper 1 is provided with a pedestrian detection sensor 2. In this embodiment, the vehicle bumper 1 has a bumper reinforcement 10 fixed to a front side member Vm provided in the vehicle V, and an optical fiber 20 of the pedestrian detection sensor 2 is extended in front of the bumper reinforcement 10. A substantially plate-like load plate 11 is disposed on the front surface of the optical fiber 20, an absorber 12 made of an elastic member such as foamed resin for reducing impact is provided on the front surface, and a bumper cover 13 is further provided. . Here, a sectional perspective view of the vehicle bumper 1 is shown in FIG. 2, and a diagram showing the arrangement of members constituting the vehicle bumper 1 is shown in FIG. 3. In FIG. 3, the bumper cover 13 is omitted.

歩行者検知センサ２は、車両の前面部に配設され歩行者の衝突を検知する。歩行者検知センサ２は、バンパーリンフォース１０の前面に延設された光ファイバー２０と、光ファイバー２０の両端が接続され光ファイバー２０を流れる光を発光する発光部と光ファイバー２０を流れた光を受光する受光部とをもつ受発光手段２１と、からなる。受発光手段２１は、バンパーリンフォース１０の一方の端部（助手席側の端部）の近傍に配置された。光ファイバー２０は、線材状を有し、一端が受発光手段２１の発光部に、他端が受発光手段２１の受光部に接続固定されている。光ファイバー２０は、バンパーリンフォース１０の一方の端部（助手席側の端部）から他方の端部（運転席側の端部）方向にのび、他方の端部の外部で折り返された状態（車両正面から見て略⊂字形状）でバンパーリンフォース１０の前面に配設されている。   The pedestrian detection sensor 2 is disposed on the front portion of the vehicle and detects a pedestrian collision. The pedestrian detection sensor 2 includes an optical fiber 20 extending in front of the bumper reinforcement 10, a light emitting unit that emits light flowing through the optical fiber 20 with both ends of the optical fiber 20 connected thereto, and a light receiving unit that receives the light flowing through the optical fiber 20. Light receiving and emitting means 21 having a portion. The light emitting / receiving means 21 is disposed in the vicinity of one end of the bumper reinforcement 10 (end on the passenger seat side). The optical fiber 20 has a wire shape, and one end is connected and fixed to the light emitting part of the light receiving and emitting means 21 and the other end is connected to the light receiving part of the light receiving and emitting means 21. The optical fiber 20 extends from one end portion (end portion on the passenger seat side) of the bumper reinforcement 10 toward the other end portion (end portion on the driver's seat side) and is folded back outside the other end portion ( It is disposed on the front surface of the bumper reinforcement 10 in a substantially square shape when viewed from the front of the vehicle.

光ファイバー２０は、プラスチック光ファイバーよりなりるファイバー本体２２と、ファイバー本体２２の前面に配設された屈曲板２３と、ファイバー本体２２と屈曲板２３とを屈曲板２３の突条２３０がファイバー本体２２に当接した状態でありかつファイバー本体２２がまっすぐにのびた状態で固定する樹脂よりなるモールド２４と、からなる。プラスチック光ファイバーは、大口径の光ファイバーであり、断面積のほとんどの部分が光を伝送するコア部分である。そして、プラスチック光ファイバーは、ファイバー自身のコストが低いだけでなく、光リンクやコネクタあるいは加工費用等が低コストであるとともに、振幅や曲げに強く折れにくいことから、車載用として用いることに効果を有する。屈曲板２３は、ファイバー本体２２の前面に配設された略帯状を有し、ファイバー本体２２の対向面には、ファイバー本体２２ののびる方向に対して垂直な方向にのびる突条２３０が形成されている。この突条２３０は、その先端がなめらかな湾曲形状に形成され、ファイバー本体２２に向かって突出している。ここで、光ファイバー２０は、電磁波を遮蔽するための部材を有していない。光ファイバー２０の長さ方向の断面図を図４に示した。   The optical fiber 20 includes a fiber main body 22 made of a plastic optical fiber, a bent plate 23 disposed on the front surface of the fiber main body 22, the fiber main body 22 and the bent plate 23, and a protrusion 230 of the bent plate 23 on the fiber main body 22. And a mold 24 made of a resin that is fixed in a state where the fiber main body 22 is in a straight state. The plastic optical fiber is a large-diameter optical fiber, and most of the cross-sectional area is a core portion that transmits light. The plastic optical fiber is not only low in the cost of the fiber itself, but also has a low cost for optical links, connectors, processing costs, and the like, and it is effective for use as a vehicle because it is strong against amplitude and bending and is not easily broken. . The bent plate 23 has a substantially band shape disposed on the front surface of the fiber main body 22, and a protrusion 230 extending in a direction perpendicular to the direction in which the fiber main body 22 extends is formed on the opposite surface of the fiber main body 22. ing. The protrusion 230 has a smooth curved shape at the tip, and protrudes toward the fiber body 22. Here, the optical fiber 20 does not have a member for shielding electromagnetic waves. A cross-sectional view in the length direction of the optical fiber 20 is shown in FIG.

受発光手段２１は、ファイバー本体２２を流れる光を受発光する。発光部は、ファイバー本体２２に流れる光を照射する。発光部が照射する光は、ファイバー本体２２を流れる光であれば特に限定されるものではない。たとえば、通常のＬＥＤを光源とした６５０ｎｍの波長の光をあげることができる。発光部は、従来の光ファイバを用いた装置において発光装置として用いられている装置を用いることができる。また、発光部は、ファイバー本体２２に入射する光の光量を調節することができる。受光部は、発光部からファイバー本体２２に入射され、ファイバー本体２２を透過した光を受光する。受光部は、ファイバー本体２２を透過した光の光量を測定する。受光部は、ファイバー本体２２を流れた光の光量を測定できる装置であれば限定されるものではなく、従来の光ファイバを用いた装置において受光装置として用いられた装置を用いることができる。   The light emitting / receiving means 21 receives and emits light flowing through the fiber body 22. The light emitting unit irradiates light flowing through the fiber main body 22. The light irradiated by the light emitting unit is not particularly limited as long as it is light flowing through the fiber main body 22. For example, light having a wavelength of 650 nm using a normal LED as a light source can be mentioned. As the light emitting unit, a device used as a light emitting device in a conventional device using an optical fiber can be used. Further, the light emitting unit can adjust the amount of light incident on the fiber main body 22. The light receiving unit receives light that is incident on the fiber main body 22 from the light emitting unit and passes through the fiber main body 22. The light receiving unit measures the amount of light transmitted through the fiber body 22. The light receiving unit is not limited as long as it is a device that can measure the amount of light that has passed through the fiber body 22, and a device that is used as a light receiving device in a conventional device that uses an optical fiber can be used.

演算手段３は、歩行者検知センサ２の出力信号が入力され、歩行者の衝突の判断を行い歩行者衝突信号を発する。なお、演算手段３と歩行者検知センサ２は、歩行者検知センサ２の出力信号が流れることができる手段で接続されている。具体的には、演算手段３には、歩行者検知センサ２の発光部においてファイバー本体２２に照射される光の光量と受光部において測定された光量とが入力される。演算手段３は、入力された両光量からファイバー本体２２において生じた光量の損失を算出する。光量の損失から歩行者の衝突を判断する。演算手段３は、従来公知の車両用ＥＣＵなどの演算手段を用いることができる。   The calculation means 3 receives the output signal of the pedestrian detection sensor 2, determines the collision of the pedestrian, and generates a pedestrian collision signal. In addition, the calculating means 3 and the pedestrian detection sensor 2 are connected by the means through which the output signal of the pedestrian detection sensor 2 can flow. Specifically, the light amount of the light irradiated to the fiber main body 22 in the light emitting unit of the pedestrian detection sensor 2 and the light amount measured in the light receiving unit are input to the calculation unit 3. The calculating means 3 calculates the loss of the light amount generated in the fiber main body 22 from both the input light amounts. Judgment of pedestrian collision from loss of light. The calculation means 3 may be a calculation means such as a conventionally known vehicle ECU.

演算手段３は、歩行者の衝突と判断したときに、各種の歩行者保護装置を作動させる。歩行者保護装置が作動することで、車両が衝突した歩行者の安全性が向上する。   The calculation means 3 operates various pedestrian protection devices when it is determined that the pedestrian collides. By operating the pedestrian protection device, the safety of the pedestrian who collides with the vehicle is improved.

本実施例の歩行者検知装置の検出原理を図５および６を用いて説明する。   The detection principle of the pedestrian detection device of this embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS.

一般的に、光ファイバーは、屈折率の異なるコアおよびクラッドから構成されている。そして、このコアとクラッドの界面での屈折率の差により光が反射することで光ファイバー内を光が進行する（伝達される）。界面における光の反射時に発生する光量の損失は一定である。すなわち、光ファイバーに入射する入射光の光量が一定であれば、光ファイバーが静止した状態であれば、光ファイバーを透過した透過光の光量も一定である。   In general, an optical fiber is composed of a core and a clad having different refractive indexes. The light is reflected (diffused) by the difference in refractive index at the interface between the core and the clad, so that the light travels (transmits) in the optical fiber. The loss of the amount of light generated when light is reflected at the interface is constant. That is, if the amount of incident light incident on the optical fiber is constant, and if the optical fiber is stationary, the amount of transmitted light transmitted through the optical fiber is also constant.

そして、光ファイバーに圧力が加えられて、光ファイバーが湾曲すると、この湾曲部において光ファイバー内を進む光の界面に対する入射角が変わる。入射角が変わると、反射時に光量の損失が変化する。すなわち、光ファイバーの湾曲前の透過光の光量と、湾曲後の透過光の光量と、から光量の変化量を測定し、この変化量から光ファイバーの湾曲量を算出できる。そして、光ファイバーに加えられた押圧力を算出することができる。これにより、本実施例の歩行者検知装置は、光ファイバーを用いて圧力を得ることができる。   Then, when pressure is applied to the optical fiber and the optical fiber is bent, the incident angle with respect to the interface of light traveling in the optical fiber changes in the bent portion. When the incident angle changes, the loss of light quantity changes during reflection. That is, the amount of change in the amount of light can be measured from the amount of transmitted light before bending of the optical fiber and the amount of transmitted light after bending, and the amount of bending of the optical fiber can be calculated from this amount of change. Then, the pressing force applied to the optical fiber can be calculated. Thereby, the pedestrian detection apparatus of a present Example can obtain a pressure using an optical fiber.

以下、本実施例の歩行者検知装置の歩行者の検知時の動作を説明する。   Hereinafter, the operation | movement at the time of the detection of the pedestrian of the pedestrian detection apparatus of a present Example is demonstrated.

本実施例の歩行者検知装置において、歩行者検知センサ２の光ファイバー２０のファイバー本体２２には受発光手段２１により光が流れているとともに、流れた光の入射光および反射光の光量が受発光手段２１において測定されている。   In the pedestrian detection device according to the present embodiment, light flows through the fiber main body 22 of the optical fiber 20 of the pedestrian detection sensor 2 by the light emitting / receiving means 21 and the amount of incident light and reflected light of the flowing light is received and emitted. It is measured by means 21.

まず、車両Ｖの前面部にもうけられた車両バンパー１が歩行者に衝突する。   First, the vehicle bumper 1 provided in the front part of the vehicle V collides with a pedestrian.

車両バンパー１が歩行者に衝突すると、車両バンパー１には、車両Ｖの進行方向において圧縮する方向に応力がはたらく。この応力は、車両Ｖ側から見たときには、バンパーカバー１３、アブソーバー１２、荷重板１１、光ファイバー２０、バンパーリンフォース１０をこの順序で介して車両ＶのフロントサイドメンバーＶｍに加えられている。そして、フロントサイドメンバーＶｍおよびバンパーリンフォース１０は、いずれも剛性を有する部材であり、バンパーリンフォース１０の前面に配設された光ファイバー２０には、バンパーリンフォース１０に加わる圧力が加わっている。   When the vehicle bumper 1 collides with a pedestrian, stress is applied to the vehicle bumper 1 in the direction of compression in the traveling direction of the vehicle V. When viewed from the vehicle V side, the stress is applied to the front side member Vm of the vehicle V through the bumper cover 13, the absorber 12, the load plate 11, the optical fiber 20, and the bumper reinforcement 10 in this order. The front side member Vm and the bumper reinforcement 10 are both rigid members, and pressure applied to the bumper reinforcement 10 is applied to the optical fiber 20 disposed on the front surface of the bumper reinforcement 10.

このとき、光ファイバー２０には、荷重板１１を介して応力が加わる。荷重板１１を有することで、車両バンパー１に加わった応力がロスを生じることなく光ファイバー２０に伝達する。   At this time, stress is applied to the optical fiber 20 via the load plate 11. By having the load plate 11, the stress applied to the vehicle bumper 1 is transmitted to the optical fiber 20 without causing a loss.

光ファイバー２０に加わった応力は、ファイバー本体２２の前面に配設された屈曲板２３を介してファイバー本体２２を押圧する。屈曲板２３にファイバー本体２２が押圧されると、ファイバー本体２２の突条２３０に押圧される部分が湾曲する。このファイバー本体２２の湾曲は、ファイバー本体２２の内部を透過する光の光量を変化（減少）させる。すなわち、受発光手段２１において測定される透過光の光量が変化する。   The stress applied to the optical fiber 20 presses the fiber main body 22 via the bent plate 23 disposed on the front surface of the fiber main body 22. When the fiber main body 22 is pressed against the bending plate 23, the portion pressed by the protrusion 230 of the fiber main body 22 is curved. The bending of the fiber body 22 changes (decreases) the amount of light transmitted through the fiber body 22. That is, the amount of transmitted light measured by the light emitting / receiving unit 21 changes.

そして、演算手段３において、透過光の光量の減少量からファイバー本体２２に加えられた圧力を算出し、車両バンパー１に加えられた圧力を算出する。演算手段３は、この車両バンパー１に加えられた圧力から、歩行者の衝突の判定を行う。   Then, the calculation means 3 calculates the pressure applied to the fiber main body 22 from the amount of decrease in the amount of transmitted light, and calculates the pressure applied to the vehicle bumper 1. The calculation means 3 determines the collision of the pedestrian from the pressure applied to the vehicle bumper 1.

演算手段３における判定は、たとえば、車両が物体と衝突して物体が車両バンパー１に加えられた荷重（圧力）を歩行者検知センサ２で測定し、荷重が加えられた時間で積分する［Δ（ｆ・ｔ）＝ｍ・ΔＶ］。そして、この積分値を衝突直前の車両Ｖの速度（ΔＶ）で割る。これにより、車両バンパーに衝突した物体の質量を算出する。そして、この質量が歩行者の体重の範囲（たとえば、小児（６歳児）〜大人の体重）にあるときには、歩行者に車両Ｖが衝突したと判定する。   For example, the calculation means 3 determines the load (pressure) applied to the vehicle bumper 1 when the vehicle collides with the object by the pedestrian detection sensor 2 and integrates the time when the load is applied [Δ (F · t) = m · ΔV]. Then, this integrated value is divided by the speed (ΔV) of the vehicle V immediately before the collision. Thereby, the mass of the object which collided with the vehicle bumper is calculated. And when this mass exists in the range of a pedestrian's weight (for example, a child (6 years old child)-adult's weight), it determines with the vehicle V colliding with the pedestrian.

本実施例の歩行者検知装置は、上記の手順で歩行者の検知を行う。本実施例の歩行者検知装置は、歩行者に衝突したと演算手段３が判定したときに、歩行者保護装置にその装置を作動させる作動信号を発することが好ましい。この作動信号は、それぞれの歩行者保護装置が結果として作動する信号であればよい。そして、歩行者保護装置が作動することで、車両に衝突した歩行者が受けるダメージを低減できる。ここで、演算手段３からの作動信号を受ける歩行者保護装置は、特に限定されるものではなく、従来公知の歩行者保護手段を用いることができる。   The pedestrian detection apparatus according to the present embodiment detects pedestrians according to the above procedure. When the computing means 3 determines that the pedestrian detection device of the present embodiment has collided with a pedestrian, the pedestrian protection device preferably issues an operation signal for operating the device. This activation signal may be a signal that activates each pedestrian protection device as a result. And the damage which the pedestrian who collided with the vehicle receives can be reduced because the pedestrian protection device operates. Here, the pedestrian protection device that receives the operation signal from the calculation means 3 is not particularly limited, and conventionally known pedestrian protection means can be used.

本実施例の歩行者検知装置は、車両と衝突した歩行者のセンシングを光ファイバーにより行うことから、歩行者検知センサが誤検知や電子製品に影響を及ぼすことが抑えられている。また、本実施例の歩行者検知装置は、電磁シールド等の電磁波を遮蔽するための手段を必要としていないため、安価に製造することができる。すなわち、本実施例の歩行者検知装置は、電磁波を送受信することによる電子製品の誤作動を生じることなく安価に形成できる効果を有する。   Since the pedestrian detection device according to the present embodiment senses a pedestrian that collides with a vehicle using an optical fiber, the pedestrian detection sensor is suppressed from affecting erroneous detection and electronic products. Moreover, since the pedestrian detection apparatus of a present Example does not require the means for shielding electromagnetic waves, such as an electromagnetic shield, it can be manufactured cheaply. That is, the pedestrian detection device of this embodiment has an effect that it can be formed at low cost without causing malfunction of the electronic product due to transmission and reception of electromagnetic waves.

実施例の歩行者検知装置が組み付けられた車両を示した図である。It is the figure which showed the vehicle with which the pedestrian detection apparatus of the Example was assembled | attached. 実施例の歩行者検知装置が組み付けられた車両バンパーの断面図である。It is sectional drawing of the vehicle bumper with which the pedestrian detection apparatus of the Example was assembled | attached. 実施例の歩行者検知装置の車両バンパーの構成を示した図である。It is the figure which showed the structure of the vehicle bumper of the pedestrian detection apparatus of an Example. 実施例の歩行者検知装置の光ファイバーの断面図である。It is sectional drawing of the optical fiber of the pedestrian detection apparatus of an Example. 光ファイバーを用いた圧力センサーの測定原理を示した図である。It is the figure which showed the measurement principle of the pressure sensor using an optical fiber. 光ファイバーを用いた圧力センサーの測定原理を示した図である。It is the figure which showed the measurement principle of the pressure sensor using an optical fiber.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１…車両バンパー １０…バンパーリンフォース
１１…荷重板 １２…アブソーバー
１３…バンパーカバー
２…歩行者検知センサ ２０…光ファイバー
２１…受発光手段 ２２…ファイバー本体
２３…屈曲板 ２３０…突条
３…演算手段
Ｖ…車両 Ｖｍ…フロントサイドメンバー
Ｅ…エンジンルーム DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Vehicle bumper 10 ... Bumper reinforcement 11 ... Load board 12 ... Absorber 13 ... Bumper cover 2 ... Pedestrian detection sensor 20 ... Optical fiber 21 ... Light receiving / emitting means 22 ... Fiber main body 23 ... Bending board 230 ... Projection 3 ... Calculation means V ... Vehicle Vm ... Front side member E ... Engine room

Claims (4)

車室の前部のエンジンルームの前面部に配設され歩行者の衝突を検知する歩行者検知センサと、
該歩行者検知センサの出力信号が入力され、該歩行者の衝突の判断を行う演算部と、
を有する歩行者検知装置であって、
該歩行者検知センサが、該前面部に延設された光ファイバーを有する荷重センサよりなることを特徴とする歩行者検知装置。 A pedestrian detection sensor that is disposed in front of the engine room at the front of the passenger compartment and detects a pedestrian collision;
A calculation unit that receives an output signal of the pedestrian detection sensor and determines a collision of the pedestrian;
A pedestrian detection device having
The pedestrian detection device, wherein the pedestrian detection sensor comprises a load sensor having an optical fiber extending on the front surface. 前記光ファイバーは、
前記エンジンルームの前記前面部に固定されたバンパーリンホースと、
該バンパーリンホースの前面に配設されたアブソーバーと、
該アブソーバーの前面にもうけられ車両の前面の一部を形成するカバーと、
を有する車両のフロントバンパーの、該バンパーリンホースと該アブソーバーの間にもうけられた請求項１記載の歩行者検知装置。 The optical fiber is
A bumper phosphorus hose fixed to the front portion of the engine room;
An absorber disposed in front of the bumper hose;
A cover formed on the front surface of the absorber and forming a part of the front surface of the vehicle;
The pedestrian detection device according to claim 1, which is provided between the bumper ring hose and the absorber. 前記光ファイバと前記アブソーバーとの間には、荷重板が配設された請求項２記載の歩行者検知装置。   The pedestrian detection device according to claim 2, wherein a load plate is disposed between the optical fiber and the absorber. 前記光ファイバの前面には、該光ファイバののびる方向に対して垂直な方向にのびる突条が形成された屈曲板が配設された請求項１記載の歩行者検知装置。   The pedestrian detection device according to claim 1, wherein a bent plate is provided on the front surface of the optical fiber, the bent plate having a ridge extending in a direction perpendicular to a direction in which the optical fiber extends.
JP2004078960A 2004-03-18 2004-03-18 Pedestrian detection device Expired - Fee Related JP4082692B2 (en)

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