JP2005239787A - Operation method of coke oven - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To make it possible to secure improvement of production capacity of coke in a coke oven. <P>SOLUTION: A range finder 3 to noncontactly measure the distance to the upper surface of coal is installed at the leading end of a probe 1 of a levelling apparatus for levelling the upper surface of coal charged in a carbonization chamber of the coke oven. The probe 1 is inserted into the carbonization chamber after coal is charged to measure the upper surface of coal in the carbonization chamber using the range finder 3. The amount of coal for filling the space (S) between the prove 1 and the upper surface of coal is calculated on the basis of the shape of the carbonization chamber and the results of the measurement. The coal in an amount thus calculated is additionally charged. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for operating a coke oven that performs coke production indispensable in an iron making process, and more particularly, to a method for operating a coke oven that can surely improve the production capacity of coke.

  In the operation of the coke oven in the iron making process, the coal charged into the carbonization chamber by a coal trolley from a plurality of coal inlets at the top of the furnace is carbonized for a certain period of time, and the resulting red hot coke is moved out of the furnace by a coke extrusion device. The operation of discharging and then discharging the discharged hot coke to a dry or wet fire extinguishing facility is performed repeatedly. Charging of coal is sequentially performed on the kiln that has finished the extrusion operation.

  In order to keep the quality of the coke produced in this way constant, it is necessary to apply heat to the coal as uniformly as possible during the dry distillation of the coal. Since the coal is charged into the carbonization chamber from each coal inlet, coal is piled up at each coal inlet. If coal is charged in such a state where a number of mountains are formed, heat may not be evenly applied to the coal. Therefore, the top of the coal charged into the carbonizing chamber is leveled by a leveling device attached to the extrusion device.

  Patent Document 1 discloses a coal leveling apparatus charged in a carbonization chamber.

  A method for leveling coal using the conventional leveling apparatus will be described with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a carbonizing chamber of a coke oven, and FIG. 9 is a plan view showing a leveler rod of a leveling device.

  As shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, when a previously controlled amount of coal 2 is charged into the carbonization chamber 4 of the coke oven from the coal charging port 5, the leveling device 6 moved to the carbonization chamber 4. The leveler rod 7 is horizontally inserted into the carbonization chamber 4 through a small window 8 provided in the furnace lid of the carbonization chamber 4. As a result, the piles of coal 2 piled up in the carbonization chamber 4 are leveled.

Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 56-107850

  As shown in FIG. 8, even after leveling by the leveler rod 7, a space (S) may be formed between the leveler rod 7 and the upper surface of the coal 2. The formation of the space (S) as described above means that if the space (S) can be filled with the coal 2, the production of coke can be increased accordingly.

  However, since the amount of coal inserted in each kiln operation cannot be optimized due to factors such as changes in the bulk density of coal only by managing the amount of coal charged, the maximum coke is formed as a result of the formation of the space (S). There may be room for production capacity. Therefore, the operation of a coke oven that can exhibit the maximum coke production capacity is desired.

  Further, when the iron source production amount in the blast furnace increases, the necessary amount of coke as a secondary raw material naturally increases, but the coke oven itself is expensive to construct, so it is difficult to newly add it. From this point of view, it is desired to operate a coke oven capable of maximizing coke production capacity.

  Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to solve the above-described problems, and provides a method for operating a coke oven that can reliably increase the production amount of the coke oven. .

  In the invention according to claim 1, a distance meter for measuring the distance to the upper surface of the coal in a non-contact manner is provided at the tip of the sonde of the leveling device for leveling the upper surface of the coal charged in the carbonization chamber of the coke oven. Install, insert the sonde into the carbonization chamber after coal charging, measure the upper surface height of the coal in the carbonization chamber by the distance meter, based on the shape of the carbonization chamber and the measurement results, A feature is that the amount of coal for filling the space between the sonde and the upper surface of the coal is calculated, and the amount of coal thus calculated is additionally charged.

  The invention according to claim 2 is characterized in that, in the invention according to claim 1, in the next operation, an amount of coal obtained by adding an additional amount of coal to a predetermined amount of coal is charged. It is.

  The invention described in claim 3 is characterized in that, in the invention described in claim 1 or 2, the distance meter is a distance meter using electromagnetic waves or light waves.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to reliably increase the production amount of the coke oven.

  Next, an embodiment of a method for operating a coke oven according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a schematic front view showing a sonde of a leveling device embodying the present invention, FIG. 2 is a bottom view showing a tip portion of a sonde of the leveling device embodying the present invention, and FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing the tip portion of the sonde of the leveling device, FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a state where the coal is leveled flat by the sonde, and FIG. 5 is a diagram where the pile height of the coal does not reach the insertion level of the sonde The figure which shows a state and FIG. 6 are figures which show the state in which the top part of the coal piled up by the sonde was equalized.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the sounder 1 of the leveling device embodying the present invention is horizontally inserted into the carbonization chamber through a small window provided in the furnace lid of the carbonization chamber, as in FIG. . A distance meter 3 for measuring the distance (L) to the upper surface of the coal 2 in a non-contact manner is installed in the tip of the sonde 1. The distance meter 3 uses electromagnetic waves such as microwaves or light waves, and transmits electromagnetic waves or laser light toward the upper surface of the coal 2 from the opening 1A formed on the lower surface of the tip of the hollow sonde. The distance (L) to the upper surface of the coal 2 is measured without contact. Data of this distance (L) is continuously recorded in a data recording device such as a computer corresponding to the insertion position of the sonde 1, and the pile shape of the upper surface of the charged coal is measured. Since the distance meter 3 is exposed to high temperatures, heat resistance measures are taken.

  When the charging of the coal into the carbonization chamber 1 is completed, the sonde 1 is inserted horizontally into the carbonization chamber, and the piles of coal 2 are leveled. At this time, as shown in FIG. 4, when the pile of coal 2 becomes almost flat as a result of the leveling of the coal 2, no space is formed between the sonde 1 and the upper surface of the coal 2. The furnace is operating well.

  However, as shown in FIG. 5, when the pile of coal 2 does not reach the insertion level of the sonde 1, a space (S) is formed between the sonde 1 and the upper surface of the coal 2. Since this space (S) can be additionally charged with coal, the production of the coke oven can be increased accordingly. The amount of coal charged into the space (S) can be determined from the size of the space obtained from the shape of the carbonization chamber and the pile shape measurement. The additional charging of coal will be carried out immediately after the measurement if there is enough time for operation. On the other hand, when there is not enough time, the next operation is performed by charging a predetermined amount of coal plus an additional amount of coal.

  As shown in FIG. 6, when the top of the pile of coal 2 reaches the insertion level of the sonde 1, the top of the pile of coal 2 is leveled by the sonde 1, but a space (S) is formed between the tops. Is done. In this case, as in the case described above, additional charging of coal into the space (S) is performed.

  According to the present invention, the presence or absence of a space (S) that can be additionally charged and the amount of additional coal that fills the space (S) can be measured, so that the coke oven production capacity can be maximized.

  In FIG. 7, the measurement result of the pile shape of coal is shown. There is a part where space can be seen between the upper surface of the coal and the sonde, and additional charging of coal is possible in the space part.

  At this time, as the non-contact distance meter, a light wave distance meter with sufficient heat countermeasures is used, but a microwave distance meter using electromagnetic waves may be used. When using a microwave rangefinder, a measurement antenna is provided at the tip of the sonde and a metal antenna is installed. The antenna has a waveguide laid inside the sonde and the other end connected to a signal processing device of a distance meter installed outside the furnace. Further, if dust enters the metal waveguide that propagates the signal, sufficient resolution may not be obtained. Therefore, purging with a gas such as air or nitrogen is preferable.

  It can be seen from FIG. 7 that there is a maximum space below the leveling device level, and about 50 kg of coal could be added in this carbonization chamber.

  When the vertical movement of the sonde in the furnace is intense, an accelerometer with sufficient heat countermeasures inside the sonde should be installed at the tip of the sonde to correct the vertical movement of the sonde. Since the accelerometer will accumulate errors in the data as it is, it is necessary to perform calibration using the data when the sonde enters the coking chamber and when the sonde leaves.

  From the measurement result, when the coal charge level at a specific position in the kiln is extremely lowered, it is also conceivable to change the cutting speed of the coal charge. In addition, such a phenomenon may occur due to problems such as abnormalities in the coal charging equipment or clogging of the coal charging equipment, which can lead to early detection of such equipment troubles. is there.

It is a schematic front view which shows the sound of the leveling apparatus which implements this invention. It is a bottom view which shows the front-end | tip part of the sound of the leveling apparatus which implements this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the front-end | tip part of the sound of the leveling apparatus which implements this invention. It is a figure which shows the state by which the coal was leveled by the sonde. It is a figure which shows the state in which the pile height of coal has not reached the insertion level of the sonde. It is a figure which shows the state in which a part of top part of the coal piled up by the sonde was leveled. It is a figure which shows the measurement result of the pile shape of coal. It is a schematic sectional drawing which shows the carbonization chamber of a coke oven. It is a top view which shows the leveler rod of a leveling device.

Explanation of symbols

1: Sonde 1A: Opening 2: Coal 3: Distance meter 4: Carbonization chamber 5: Inlet 6: Leveling device 7: Leveler rod 8: Small window

Claims (3)

  A distance meter that measures the distance to the top surface of the coal in a non-contact manner is installed at the tip of the leveling device for leveling the top surface of the coal charged in the carbonization chamber of the coke oven. Inserting the sonde into the carbonization chamber, measuring the height of the upper surface of the coal in the carbonization chamber with the distance meter, and based on the shape of the carbonization chamber and the measurement result, the sonde and the upper surface of the coal A method for operating a coke oven, characterized in that the amount of coal for filling the space is calculated, and the amount of coal thus calculated is additionally charged.   The method for operating a coke oven according to claim 1, wherein an amount of coal obtained by adding an additional amount of coal to a predetermined amount of coal is charged during the next operation.   The method for operating a coke oven according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the distance meter is a distance meter using electromagnetic waves or light waves.

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