JP2005230593A - Water/soil conditioner, its manufacturing method and dosing method - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a water/soil conditioner which can easily improve water and soil only by spraying it, its manufacturing method, and its dosing method. <P>SOLUTION: Natto (fermented soybean) is washed with water to move Natto bacteria, a viscous material part on a Natto surface, and easily decomposable material on the Natto surface into the washing water. The residue of the Natto is removed from the washing water, and photosynthetic bacteria are added if desired. A solution prepared by the above way is added to the prescribed lake, river or soil after the Natto bacteria in the solution proliferate by using a nutrient source in the solution. In the water/soil conditioner, after passing the predetermined time, the photosynthetic bacteria grow to take the place of the Natto bacteria. The above solution is similarly added to the prescribed lake, river or soil. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a water quality / soil quality improving agent to be administered to lakes, rivers or soils in order to improve water quality and soil quality.

Eutrophication is a problem especially in closed lakes due to fertilizers applied to lawns etc. in greening areas such as domestic wastewater, golf courses and parks. Due to eutrophication, so-called blue-green algae grow explosively and cause water pollution. In addition, a large amount of organic matter such as blue sea cucumbers and fallen leaves accumulates on the bottom floor, and microorganisms use up oxygen to decompose them, so that they fall into an abnormal reduction state and anaerobic bacteria such as sulfate reducing bacteria absorb hydrogen sulfide. Occasionally it can cause odors.
Conventionally, several measures have been taken to eliminate the above water quality deterioration. First, the water is cleaned by filtering. Sand, plastic, charcoal or the like is used as the filter medium. Secondly, there is an aeration method in which air is put into water. Aeration increases the amount of dissolved oxygen and reduces anaerobic bacteria in the water. Thirdly, a flocculant is sprayed. The organic substance in water is aggregated with a flocculant (this is called floc), and this is removed in a flocked state.

However, the above-described filtration method will eventually cause a problem that the filter medium is clogged and must be replaced. In addition, it takes time and effort to install the filtration equipment, the work efficiency is poor, and the equipment is relatively expensive. In addition, although the aeration method contributes to reducing anaerobic bacteria in the water because the amount of dissolved oxygen in the water increases, there is a problem that it promotes the generation of blue sea bream in the eutrophied state. It was. Further, the method of spraying the flocculant has a problem that it takes time and effort to collect the flocs and the cost of the flocculant is high.
Abnormal reduction is a problem not only for water but also for soil. In particular, in soil with a high C / N ratio (carbon ratio), it becomes a nitrogen-starved state and is likely to fall into a reduced state as in the case of the water. For example, in golf courses, there are cases where leaves after cutting grass remain in the soil, but abnormal reduction tends to occur because microorganisms use up oxygen to decompose the immature organic matter. In this case, if plowed and oxygen is supplied to the soil, the reduction state is improved. However, by rapidly promoting oxidation, the soil pH is drastically lowered and many undesired filamentous fungi are generated for the soil. This will have a negative effect on planting. In addition, it is practically impossible to plow on a golf course lawn or the like. Therefore, a technique for improving the soil without plowing has been demanded.
The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and its purpose is to provide a water / soil improver that can easily improve water quality and soil quality simply by spraying, a method for producing the same, and a method for administering the same. It is to provide.

In order to achieve the above object, according to the first aspect of the present invention, natto is washed with water as a water / soil improver, and the natto bacteria, the viscous part of the natto surface, and the easily degradable material of the natto surface are transferred to the wash water. The main point is that the solution obtained by the treatment is mainly used.
The gist of the invention described in claim 2 is that, in addition to the structure of the invention described in claim 1, the solution contains photosynthetic bacteria.
In the invention according to claim 3, as a method for producing a water quality / soil improver, natto is washed with water, and the natto bacteria, the viscous part of the natto surface, and the easily degradable material of the natto surface are transferred into the washing water; The gist is that it comprises a removal step of removing the natto residue from the washing water.
In the invention according to claim 4, as a water quality / soil improving agent administration method, a solution containing natto bacteria obtained by washing natto with water, a viscous portion of the natto surface, and an easily degradable material of the natto surface The gist is that the natto bacillus in the medium has been grown using the nutrient source of the solution and then administered to a predetermined lake, river or soil.
In the invention according to claim 5, in addition to the structure of the invention according to claim 4, the solution contains photosynthetic bacteria, and the Bacillus natto is proliferating using the nutrient source in the solution. If the natto bacillus becomes unable to grow after a period of time and cannot grow and the total amount of Bacillus natto tends to decrease, the photosynthetic bacterium is added to the natto bacillus, the natto surface of the natto surface and the natto surface. The gist is that a secondary solution is produced by growing organic matter derived from the easily degradable product as nutrients, and the secondary solution is administered to lakes, rivers or soil.
In the invention of claim 6, in addition to the configuration of the invention of claim 4 or 5, the growth rate at which the Bacillus natto consumes nutrients in the solution and grows is generated from a container containing the solution. The gist is that it is determined by the amount of carbon dioxide discharged along with the fermentation of Bacillus natto.

  Here, natto is fermented food made from heated soybeans. Natto is produced using the fermenting action of Bacillus natto SAWAMURA. Bacillus natto is a kind of Bacillus subtilis and is a bacterium that often inhabits rice straw in nature. Fermented natto forms a viscous part (popularly sticky) on the natto surface by the enzymatic action of natto bacteria, and becomes a food with a unique flavor. The main component of the viscous part is a glutamic acid polypeptide. In addition, Bacillus natto secretes various digestive enzymes such as protease, amylase, lipase, cellulase, urease, catalase, and pectinase to degrade soybean. It also secretes bacitracin, polymyxin, colistin and the like as antibiotics. Fermentation of Bacillus natto is performed in an anoxic state.

There are various specific methods for producing natto, but basically the following steps are performed.
1) Wash soybeans with water.
2) Soybeans are immersed in water and left for a predetermined time.
3) Steam soybeans.
4) Sprinkle natto bacteria on the cooked soybean.
5) Place a predetermined amount of soybeans inoculated with natto bacteria in a container.
6) Fermentation is performed at a predetermined temperature.
In the present invention, it is possible to use natto produced in such a process, not only natto produced for the purpose of obtaining the solution of the present invention in a factory, but shipped and unsold natto, It is possible to use natto remaining without being shipped widely. In particular, since natto is a stronger fungus than other fungi, it is widely used as a raw material for natto that has remained unsold and is not easily eroded by other fungi (particularly fungi represented by fungi) or that has not been shipped. Therefore, the price of the raw material can be reduced.

Water and soil quality improvers are obtained from the natto produced in this way. First, the natto is washed with water, and the natto bacteria, the viscous portion of the natto surface, and the easily degradable product of the natto surface are transferred into the wash water. Washing with water means washing with a shower or stirring in water, and in short, it is only necessary to be able to physically move parts other than the natto residue to the water side. Since such a natto residue is unnecessary after the washing step, it is removed.
In this case, Bacillus natto is a broad concept that includes natto bacillus initially planted in the vicinity of the surface of soybean and proliferated through vegetative cell division using the nutrients of soybean, and also includes a wide range of spores. The easily degradable material on the surface of natto refers to relatively low molecular sugar, amino acids, vitamins, minerals, etc. derived from soybeans that have been decomposed and synthesized by the natto-degrading enzyme. The natto surface is a concept that includes not only the outer surface of soybean, but also the skin and fruit near the surface from which soybean (natto) softened by decomposition of Bacillus natto elutes upon impact by physical water washing. If necessary, other nutritional components are further added to the solution thus obtained to adjust the final administration.
Such a solution preferably contains a phototrophic bacterium. As the photosynthetic bacteria, red sulfur bacteria and red sulfur-free bacteria are more preferable. Photosynthetic bacteria are bacteria that assimilate organic matter using oxygen under aerobic conditions and grow, and are capable of photosynthesis under anaerobic conditions. It is separated from natto bacteria by appropriate growth conditions (mainly pH), and in the present invention, the natto bacteria use up nutrients in the water and gradually die out. The photosynthetic bacteria will grow using organic matter derived from the nutrients as a nutrient source (however, natto bacteria are not completely killed and can remain as spores even if their own nutrient sources are exhausted).

It is preferable that the water / soil improving agent thus produced is not administered immediately but administered after confirming the growth of Bacillus natto. That is, it is preferable to wait until Bacillus natto has grown in a large amount using easily degradable material as a nutrient source. Although this time depends on the temperature, the density of Bacillus natto, and the concentration of readily degradable matter, it is set to several hours to about 7 days. It is most preferable to administer in such a state that the readily degradable product is completely consumed within this period. In fact, it is difficult to tell whether or not the readily degradable product has been consumed, but since the consumption of easily degradable product and the generation of carbon dioxide are closely related (because carbon dioxide is emitted during fermentation), carbon dioxide Can be used as an index. For example, it is possible to calculate this by changing the pressure due to carbon dioxide generation in the sealed container, changing the time interval for depressurizing the carbon dioxide accumulated in the sealed container, or changing the carbon dioxide concentration. It is. Under conditions where there are sufficient readily degradable substances, Bacillus natto grows actively and carbon dioxide emissions tend to increase.
In addition, the optimal administration timing can be determined if the data such as the temperature, the density of Bacillus natto, and the concentration of readily degradable substances are the same or similar, without always using the amount of carbon dioxide generated as an index during each adjustment. .

Such a water quality / soil quality improving agent (hereinafter referred to as an improving agent) purifies water quality by the following actions when administered to lakes and rivers.
Among the improvers, the viscous part takes in organic substances in water and settles them on the bottom floor while aggregating them. As a result, water pollution caused by blue sea urchins and the like is improved, and water in turbid lakes and the like is clarified. In addition, natto bacteria settle upon administration, and decompose organic substances deposited on the bottom floor. Since the decomposition of natto bacteria is performed in an anoxic state, there is no hindrance to the growth of natto bacteria even if the bottom floor area is under reduction.
In addition, when administered to the soil, the soil is purified by the following action.
Various enzymes secreted by Bacillus natto act on the soil organic matter under reduction, and the degradation proceeds. In addition, even in soil having a high C / N ratio (carbon ratio), the carbon source is decomposed in an oxygen-free state, so that the soil that has fallen into a nitrogen-starved state is improved. On the other hand, under reduced conditions, the soil pH is generally inclined to the alkali side, but the natto bacteria itself has an acidity of about pH 3.8 to 4.5, the soil organic matter is oxidized (decomposed) by the natto bacteria, etc. The soil is gradually corrected to the acidic side. The viscous part contains antibiotics (Bacitracin, polymyxin, colistin, etc.) secreted by Bacillus natto, which is thought to suppress the growth of malignant bacteria and filamentous fungi.

On the other hand, photosynthetic bacteria start to grow in the liquid in place of natto bacteria when the total amount of natto bacteria decreases from the growth in the improving agent that has missed the administration timing. This is advantageous, for example, when the above solution is prepared and brought to the site but cannot be applied within the specified period. There are several factors for the growth of photosynthetic bacteria, but the biggest factor is an increase in pH. As the natto bacteria decrease (that is, die), the pH of the solution rises mainly due to a degradation substance having an amino group generated by the self-degradation of natto bacteria. As a result, photosynthetic bacteria gradually grow in the liquid. Nutrient sources of photosynthetic bacteria are organic substances derived from natto bacteria in the solution, viscous parts of the natto surface, and easily degradable substances of the natto surface.
An improving agent that has been replaced by a photosynthetic bacterium or a secondary solution in which a photosynthetic bacterium and natto are mixed can be used as it is as an improving agent for water and soil. Since photosynthetic bacteria grow by decomposing organic matter under aerobic conditions, they are as useful as natto bacteria for improving water quality. The photosynthetic bacteria do not necessarily have to be administered separately by not washing the container sufficiently.

  According to the inventions described in the above claims, water quality and soil quality can be easily improved by using the action of both natto bacteria themselves and the viscous part of natto bacteria using natto, which can be obtained at low cost, as raw materials. Will be able to.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
1) Manufacture of raw material natto As shown in Fig. 1, the collected natto in the package or one with the salmon sold in the market (hereinafter referred to as the "recycled beans") and the extra production in the pack or one Natto (hereinafter referred to as surplus natto). As shown in FIG. 1, the stored beans and surplus natto are put into a sorting machine.
2) Separation by the sorter A schematic configuration of the sorter will be briefly described with reference to FIG. A drum 2 is rotatably held inside the housing 1. A large number of small holes are formed in the main body of the drum 2. The diameter of this hole is not more than the particle diameter of natto. The rotating shaft 3 of the drum 2 is disposed horizontally, and the drum 2 rotates in a state of being rolled over by a motor 4. The drum 2 has an input / output port 5 that can be opened and closed. A stirring blade (not shown) is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the drum 2. A shower device 6 is disposed above the drum 2, and purified water discharged from the shower device 6 is accumulated in the housing 1 while passing through the drum 2 from the outer periphery and small holes of the drum 2. In FIG. 2, a fan device 7 is disposed above the left side of the drum 2. Similarly, a duct 8 is arranged above the right side of the drum 2 in FIG. The washing water accumulated by the pump 9 is circulated from the lower position of the housing 1 to the upper position.
The operation of such a sorter will be described.
The stored beans and surplus natto are put into the drum 2 of the sorting machine. The sorter rotates the drum 2 by a predetermined input operation and discharges purified water from the shower device 6 with the input. As the amount of water in the housing 1 increases, a light container or the like rises in the drum 2 and natto sinks, so that it is separated into natto and a container. A gap is formed in the upper part of the drum 2 in order to float a container or the like after the prescribed amount of water has been injected. The container and the like are appropriately stirred by the stirring action of the stirring blades, blown off in the right direction in the figure by the fan device 7, and further discharged from the duct 8. Since the natto remains in the drum 2, the natto is rotated for a predetermined time, and the natto bacteria, the viscous portion of the natto surface, and the easily degradable material of the natto surface are transferred into the washing water.
3) Additional fermentation in tank As shown in Fig. 1, the solution produced by the separator is transferred to the tank. Here, photosynthetic bacteria are administered into the tank as necessary. The natto residue remaining in the drum 2 is used as feed or compost material. Since the tank is equipped with a relief valve with a gauge, it automatically releases the pressure when the internal pressure rises due to fermentation of Bacillus natto. After fermenting for a predetermined time (days) in such a tank, it is administered to a lake, river or soil.

The total amount of washing water was set to 1 t with respect to 1 t of raw material natto and washed for 5 minutes in a separator. A semitransparent closed tank (capacity 1000 L) having an external temperature of 25 ° C. was allowed to stand for 3 days and further fermented. As for the administration timing, it was confirmed that the growth was completed by checking the opening timing of the relief valve attached to the tank (the interval at which the relief valve was gradually opened earlier and then later).
(Solution features)
The solution is a milk coffee color but is not sticky and dull. The so-called natto odor was felt much stronger than before the additional fermentation.

The same raw material natto 1t as in Example 1 was washed for 5 to 10 minutes in a separator with a total amount of washing water of 2t. A semitransparent closed tank (capacity: two 1000 L) having an outside air temperature of 12 ° C. was allowed to stand for 7 days and further fermented. As for the administration timing, it was confirmed that the growth was completed by checking the opening timing of the relief valve attached to the tank (the interval at which the relief valve was gradually opened earlier and then later).
(Solution features)
The solution is milk coffee-colored and not sticky but dry. The so-called natto odor was felt much stronger than before the additional fermentation.

The same raw material natto 1t as in Example 1 was washed for 5 minutes in a sorter with shower washing and the total amount of stirring water thereafter set to 1t. 1000-2000 mg of red sulfur bacteria solution was administered to the resulting solution, and the solution was allowed to stand for 21 days in a translucent sealed tank (capacity 1000 L) having an external temperature of 25 ° C.
(Solution features)
The solution was red with no natto odor. It was confirmed that the red sulfur bacteria were growing in place of the natto bacteria.

The results of each example are shown in Tables 1 and 2.
The marshland was poured directly into the water with a pump. However, since it was not possible to compare samples with the same conditions for swamps, we selected several swamps that were similarly polluted. The soil was sprayed on a reduced lawn sample soil that was clogged under the same conditions at the golf course. In each case, the state before application was given as a comparative example.
As a result, both Examples 1 and 2 were confirmed to be significantly improved. The improvement according to these was confirmed also about Example 3.

Schematic explaining the manufacturing process of the water quality / soil quality improving agent of this invention. Schematic of the sorter of the present invention.

Claims (6)

A water quality / soil quality improver mainly composed of a solution obtained by washing natto with water and transferring the natto bacteria, the viscous part of the natto surface and the easily degradable material of the natto surface into the wash water. The water / soil condition improving agent according to claim 1, wherein the solution contains photosynthetic bacteria. Water quality consisting of a washing process in which natto is washed with water to transfer the natto bacteria, the viscous part of the natto surface and the readily degradable material on the natto surface into the washing water, and a removal process to remove the natto residue from the washing water A method for producing a soil conditioner. Natto bacteria obtained by washing natto with water, a sticky portion of the natto surface, and a solution containing the easily degradable material of the natto surface after the natto bacteria in the solution grow using the nutrient source of the solution A method for administering a water / soil improver characterized by being administered to a lake, river or soil. The solution contains a photosynthetic bacterium, and the natto bacterium is grown using the nutrient source in the solution, but the natto bacterium becomes unable to grow after a considerable period of time while the natto bacterium grows using a nutrient source in the solution. As a tendency to decrease, the same photosynthetic bacteria are propagated as nutrients from the natto bacteria in the solution, the viscous part of the natto surface and the readily degradable material of the natto surface to produce a secondary solution, 5. The method for administering a water / soil improver according to claim 4, wherein the secondary solution is administered to a lake, a river or soil. The growth rate at which the Bacillus natto consumes the nutrients in the solution and grows is determined by the amount of carbon dioxide discharged with the fermentation of Bacillus natto generated from the container containing the solution. A method for administering the water / soil improving agent according to claim 4 or 5.

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