JP2005214551A - Absorption type heat accumulator - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an absorption type heat accumulator capable of improving absorption performance. <P>SOLUTION: This absorption type heat accumulator is provided with evaporators 4, 5 of a plurality of stages for evaporating refrigerant liquid A, heat exchange flow passages 6 provided in the evaporators 4, 5 at each stage to receive supply of heating fluid and heat the refrigerant liquid A, absorbers 7, 8 of a plurality of stages provided by corresponding to the evaporators 4, 5 at each stage to absorb evaporating refrigerant gasified in the evaporators 4, 5 at each stage by cooling, and heat exchange flow passages 9 provided in the absorbers 7, 8 at the plurality of stages to receive supply of cooling fluid and cool an absorption material B. The heat exchange flow passages 9 in the absorbers 7, 8 at the plurality of stages and a hot heat source 3 are mutually connected in series or in parallel to form a circulation path X of cooling fluid. A circulation path Y of heating fluid for connecting the heat exchange flow passages 6 in the evaporators 4, 5 at the plurality of stages with a cold heat source 2 in series is formed separately from the circulation path X. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to an adsorption heat storage device.

  Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2001-255058 (Patent Document 1), German literature, and the like propose a technique for drying an adsorbent with a heat source and chemically storing heat. The utilization form of the heat storage material proposed by these is the following two types. (1) As a method for obtaining cold heat, a method for obtaining air conditioning air by passing air directly through the adsorbent layer and humidifying the obtained dry air (desiccant air conditioning), and (2) a method for obtaining heat heat This is a method of obtaining warm water by passing the humidified air directly through the adsorbent layer and utilizing the phenomenon that the passing air itself becomes high temperature due to the heat of adsorption generated during moisture adsorption of the adsorbent, and exchanging heat with the high-temperature air. .

  On the other hand, this technology connects a vacuum-evacuated evaporator and an adsorber, uses the latent heat of vaporization when the water in the evaporator is adsorbed by the adsorbent in the adsorber, and obtains cold heat. It uses the operating principle of an adsorption refrigeration system that obtains heat from the phenomenon that the adsorbent itself becomes high temperature due to heat of adsorption generated during moisture adsorption of the material, and performs air conditioning.

  A proposal for improving the adsorption rate by placing a plurality of adsorbers and evaporators of an adsorption refrigeration machine is disclosed in JP-A-9-303900 (Patent Document 2). The multi-stage proposed in Patent Document 2 is mainly used in an adsorption refrigeration apparatus, and there is no use example in an adsorption heat storage system using an adsorbent.

Conventionally, in a heat storage system, since a heat storage device is installed in a consumer, the size is compact and the energy output is large, that is, the energy output per unit volume (hereinafter, usable heat density [kJ / m ³ ] ) Is desired to be large. However, the heat storage technology that uses the principle of the adsorption refrigeration system has a lower adsorption performance, so the available heat density is lower than the technology that uses latent heat such as ice heat storage, and therefore, compared to the size of the heat storage device, There is a problem that energy output is small.
JP 2001-255058 A JP-A-9-303900

  The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide an adsorption heat storage device with improved adsorption performance.

  In order to achieve the above object, an adsorption heat storage device according to the present invention (Claim 1) is provided in a plurality of stages of evaporators for evaporating a refrigerant liquid, and in each of the stages of evaporators, and supplies heating fluid. And a plurality of stages for adsorbing the evaporative refrigerant vaporized in each stage of the evaporator by being cooled and provided corresponding to the evaporator of each stage and being cooled. And a heat exchange channel that is provided in the plurality of stages of adsorbers and receives the supply of a cooling fluid to cool the adsorbent, and the heat exchange channels and the heat sources of the plurality of stages of adsorbers Are connected in series or in parallel to form the cooling fluid circulation path X, while the heating fluid circulation path Y that connects the heat exchange flow paths and the cooling heat sources of the plurality of stages of evaporators in series is defined as the circulation path. It is formed separately from X.

  According to the adsorption heat storage device of the present invention, the evaporator and the adsorber are provided in a plurality of stages with a one-to-one relationship, and the cooling fluid cooled in the heat exchange flow path of the former evaporator is supplied to the latter evaporator. Since it is configured to supply sequentially to the heat exchange flow path, the relative water vapor pressure at the time of adsorbing the evaporative refrigerant vaporized by the evaporator of each stage with the adsorbent of the adsorber of each stage differs depending on the adsorber. The adsorption performance increases from the rear stage to the front stage, and the total adsorption performance of all stages can be improved. This makes it possible to adsorb a large amount of evaporative refrigerant with an adsorbent that is equal to or less than the amount of adsorbent in a single stage, as compared with the case of a single stage. can do.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an adsorption heat storage device according to the present invention, in which a is an overall view and b is a schematic diagram of an adsorption heat storage device main body. In the figure, 1 is an adsorption heat storage device body, 2 is a cold heat source, and 3 is a heat source.

  The adsorption heat storage device main body 1 exemplifies the case of two stages in this example. The first stage evaporator 4 and the second stage evaporator 5 are provided with a heat exchange flow path 6 in series. The first-stage adsorber 7 and the second-stage adsorber 8 corresponding to the evaporators 4 and 5 are also provided with a heat exchange channel 9 in series. Between the evaporator 4 and the adsorber 7, and between the evaporator 5 and the adsorber 8, there are flow paths 10 and 11 through which the evaporated refrigerant of the refrigerant liquid A in the evaporators 4 and 5 can come and go. Note that the refrigerant liquid A into the evaporators 4 and 5 is supplied from an external condenser (not shown) via a circulation path.

  The cold heat source 2 is, for example, an air conditioner installed outside the adsorption heat storage device main body 1, and includes an inlet 12 of the heat exchange channel 6 of the evaporator 4 and an outlet of the heat exchange channel 6 of the evaporator 5. A cooling medium flow path 14 is connected to the section 13, and the heat exchange flow path 6 and the cooling medium flow path 14 constitute a circulation path Y.

  The heat source 3 is, for example, a cooling tower installed outside the main body 1 of the adsorption heat storage device, and includes an inlet portion 15 of the heat exchange channel 9 of the adsorber 7 and an outlet portion of the heat exchange channel 9 of the adsorber 8. The heating medium flow path 17 is interposed between the heat exchange flow path 9 and the heating medium flow path 17 to form a circulation path X.

  In the adsorption heat storage device having the above configuration, the cold heat source 2, the first stage evaporator 4 and the second stage evaporator 5 are constituted by the heat exchange flow path 6 and the cooling medium flow path 14, and the heat source 3 and the first stage. Since the adsorber 7 and the second-stage adsorber 8 are connected in series by the heat exchange channel 9 and the heating medium channel 17, respectively, the cooling fluid (for example, cold water) emitted from the cold heat source 2 is one-stage. The refrigerant liquid A is evaporated by being sequentially supplied to the heat exchange channel 6 of the evaporator 4 of the eye and then to the heat exchange channel 6 of the evaporator 5 of the second stage. On the other hand, the hot fluid (for example, hot water) emitted from the heat source 3 is supplied and adsorbed in turn to the heat exchange channel 9 of the first stage adsorber 7 and then to the heat exchange channel 9 of the second stage adsorber 8. The material B is cooled. The evaporated refrigerant evaporated in the evaporator 4 is adsorbed by the adsorbent B of the adsorber 7, and the evaporated refrigerant evaporated in the evaporator 5 is adsorbed by the adsorbent B of the adsorber 8. When the cooling fluid from the cold heat source 2 flows from the heat exchange flow path 6 of the first stage evaporator 4 to the heat exchange flow path 6 of the second stage evaporator 5, the first stage to the second stage. The temperature of the cooling fluid in the heat exchange flow path 6 is lowered, and the airtightness is maintained between the evaporators 4 and 5 and between the adsorbers 7 and 8, respectively. Different water vapor pressures are generated in the apparatus, and the adsorption performance in the adsorbers 7 and 8 is different. As a result, compared to a single stage, a large amount of refrigerant vapor can be adsorbed with an adsorbent that is the same as or smaller than the adsorbent quantity in a single stage, and the refrigeration capacity is increased while avoiding an increase in size. can do.

  For example, if the inlet temperature of the heat exchange channel 6 of the first stage evaporator 4 is 12 ° C. and the outlet temperature is 9 ° C., the first stage is governed by a saturated water vapor pressure of 9 ° C. If the inlet temperature of the heat exchange channel 6 of the evaporator 5 is 9 ° C. and the outlet temperature is 7 ° C., the second stage is governed by a saturated water vapor pressure of 7 ° C. That is, with the multistage configuration as described above, the evaporators 4 and 5 are governed by different saturated water vapor pressures of 7 ° C. and 9 ° C., respectively, and the first stage has a higher adsorption amount than the second stage. Become more. On the other hand, if only a single-stage configuration with an inlet temperature of 12 ° C. and an outlet temperature of 7 ° C. is used, the evaporator is controlled by a saturated water vapor pressure of 7 ° C. For this reason, it is possible to increase the refrigerating capacity in the multi-stage configuration as described above rather than the single stage.

  Thus, by heating and evaporating the refrigerant liquid in the evaporator with the heating fluid connected in series with the plurality of stages of evaporators, the internal pressures of the plurality of stages of evaporators and adsorbers are reduced. It is governed by the different saturated water vapor pressures of the refrigerant liquid. Furthermore, the adsorption refrigerant is adsorbed by the adsorbers having different internal pressures at the respective stages, so that the performance of the adsorbent filled in the adsorbers at the respective stages is improved, and an adsorption heat storage device in which the heat storage capacity is improved is obtained. Can do.

  By the way, in the two-stage adsorption heat storage device (example of the present invention) and the single-stage adsorption heat storage device (comparative example) of the above configuration, an experiment was performed when silica gel was used as the adsorbent. investigated. The investigation results are as shown in FIG. 2, and the horizontal axis indicates the outlet temperature of the cold water (cooling fluid) from the evaporator, and the vertical axis indicates the adsorption performance at each outlet temperature. The temperature of the cold water inlet to the evaporator is constant at 12 ° C.

  As is apparent from FIG. 2, the adsorption performance of the example of the present invention is 135% when the outlet temperature of the cold water is 7 ° C., 60% when the temperature is 8 ° C., 15% when the temperature is 9 ° C., and 15%. % Was improved, and a multistage effect was confirmed.

  In the above embodiment, the example in which the heat exchange channels 9 of the first-stage adsorber 7 and the second-stage adsorber 8 are connected in series has been described. However, as shown in FIG. You may connect to.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is a schematic diagram of the adsorption-type heat storage apparatus which concerns on this invention, Comprising: a is a general view and b is a schematic diagram of an adsorption-type heat storage apparatus main body. It is a graph which shows the relationship between the exit temperature of the cold water (cooling fluid) from an evaporator, and the adsorption | suction performance in each exit temperature. It is a schematic diagram which shows another embodiment of the adsorption type heat storage apparatus which concerns on this invention.

Explanation of symbols

1: Adsorption heat storage device main body 2: Cooling heat source 3: Heat source 4: First stage evaporator 5: Second stage evaporator 6: Heat exchange flow path 7: First stage adsorber 8: Second stage 9: Heat exchange flow path 10, 11: Evaporative refrigerant flow path 12: Inlet part 13: Outlet part 14: Cooling medium flow path 15: Inlet part 16: Outlet part 17: Heating medium flow path A: Refrigerant liquid B: Adsorbent X, Y: Circulation path

Claims (2)

  Corresponding to a plurality of stages of evaporators for evaporating the refrigerant liquid, a heat exchange channel provided in each of the stage evaporators for heating the refrigerant liquid upon receipt of a heating fluid, and the evaporators of the respective stages. And a plurality of stages of adsorbers that adsorb the evaporated refrigerant vaporized in each stage of the evaporator by being cooled, and the plurality of stages of adsorbers are provided with the cooling fluid and receive the adsorption A heat exchange flow path for cooling the material, and connecting the heat exchange flow path and the heat source of the plurality of stages of adsorbers in series or in parallel to form a cooling fluid circulation path X. An adsorption heat storage device, wherein a circulation path Y of a heating fluid that connects a heat exchange flow path and a cold heat source of an evaporator in series is formed separately from the circulation path X. 2. The adsorption heat storage device according to claim 1, wherein in each of the plurality of stages of evaporators and adsorbers, each internal pressure is set to a different saturated water vapor pressure of the refrigerant liquid.

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