CN109764734B - Multistage complementary heat storage device and method - Google Patents
Multistage complementary heat storage device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109764734B CN109764734B CN201910114892.0A CN201910114892A CN109764734B CN 109764734 B CN109764734 B CN 109764734B CN 201910114892 A CN201910114892 A CN 201910114892A CN 109764734 B CN109764734 B CN 109764734B
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- 238000005338 heat storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 126
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- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 119
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
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- 239000012782 phase change material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
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- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 5
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- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses a multistage complementary heat storage device and a method, wherein the multistage complementary heat storage device comprises three-stage phase change heat storages which are formed by high-temperature phase change heat storages, medium-temperature phase change heat storages and low-temperature phase change heat storages which are sequentially connected in series, a plurality of sets of heat exchangers are arranged in each stage of phase change heat storages, the three phase change heat storages adopt a modularized step energy storage mode, and a plurality of heat storage modes are formed by controlling the opening and closing of a valve, a control valve, a circulating pump and an interstage control valve in a serial-parallel and serial-parallel mixed mode. The self-adaptive heat storage function is realized for various heat sources with different temperatures and different energy levels and the heat sources which change continuously with time; meanwhile, according to different energy requirements, the multi-stage complementary heat-taking function is realized. The energy loss caused by heat accumulation or heat extraction with large temperature difference is avoided, and the operation efficiency and the energy-saving characteristic of the system are greatly improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of heat energy storage and energy conservation, and particularly relates to a multistage complementary heat storage device and method.
Background
In the industrial field, a large amount of waste heat and waste heat exist, and the reasonable utilization of the waste heat and the waste heat has important significance for energy conservation and emission reduction. Also, in the heat utilization of solar energy, efficient utilization of solar energy is limited due to problems of low energy flux density of solar energy, uneven distribution in time and space, delay difference between solar energy and building energy in time, and the like.
The heat energy storage technology is used for solving the contradiction between heat energy supply and demand, is an important technology for improving the utilization efficiency of energy sources and protecting the environment, and has wide application prospect in the fields of solar energy utilization, peak shifting and valley filling of electric power, recycling of waste heat and energy conservation of heating and air conditioning of industrial and civil buildings. Latent heat storage is a principle that utilizes a substance to absorb or release latent heat of phase change during solidification/melting, condensation/vaporization, desublimation/sublimation, and other forms of phase change. The heat storage technology for storing heat energy by utilizing the phase change latent heat of the phase change material has the advantages of high energy storage density, relatively stable phase change temperature and the like, and is paid attention to. Has become a research hotspot worldwide in recent years.
The development of phase-change heat storage materials and the application of phase-change heat storage technology are quite widely studied, however, most of the phase-change heat storage materials are deeply conducted around specific targets, and adaptive regulation measures and methods are lacking for heat sources at a plurality of temperatures, different-level energy sources and time-varying heat sources existing in large quantities.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art, a variety of heat sources having different temperatures and different energy levels, as well as heat sources that vary over time, are addressed. The invention provides a multistage complementary heat storage device and a method.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme.
The multistage complementary heat storage device comprises a three-stage phase change heat accumulator consisting of a high-temperature phase change heat accumulator C, a medium-temperature phase change heat accumulator B and a low-temperature phase change heat accumulator A which are sequentially connected in series, wherein the three-stage phase change heat accumulator is respectively communicated with an inlet main pipeline and an outlet main pipeline in parallel through valves, and an upper-stage outlet end and a lower-stage inlet end between the three-stage phase change heat accumulator are communicated through control valves; the phase change heat storages at all levels are communicated through an interstage control valve; a plurality of sets of heat exchangers are arranged in each level of phase change heat accumulator, and circulating pumps are arranged between each level of heat exchangers; and different heat storage or heating modes are switched by controlling the opening and closing of the valve, the control valve, the circulating pump and the interstage control valve.
For the above technical solution, the present invention further includes a further preferred solution:
further, two sets of heat exchangers are respectively arranged in the low-temperature phase change heat accumulator A and the high-temperature phase change heat accumulator C, and one set is a first heat accumulation/heat extraction heat exchanger A1 and a third heat accumulation/heat extraction heat exchanger C1; the other set is a first heat accumulation complementary heat exchanger A2 and a third heat accumulation complementary heat exchanger C2 which are used for exchanging heat with the medium-temperature phase change heat accumulator B.
Further, three sets of heat exchangers are arranged in the medium-temperature phase-change heat accumulator B, one set is a second heat accumulation/heat extraction heat exchanger B1, the other set is a second heat accumulation complementary heat exchanger B2 used for exchanging heat with a heat accumulation complementary heat exchanger of the high-temperature phase-change heat accumulator C, and the third set is a fourth heat accumulation complementary heat exchanger B3 used for exchanging heat with a heat accumulation complementary heat exchanger of the low-temperature phase-change heat accumulator A.
Further, the heat storage complementary heat exchanger A2 of the low-temperature phase change heat accumulator A and the fourth heat storage complementary heat exchanger B3 of the medium-temperature phase change heat accumulator B are connected through a first inter-stage control valve I and a second circulating pump; the third heat storage complementary heat exchanger B2 of the medium-temperature phase change heat accumulator B is connected with the second heat storage complementary heat exchanger C2 of the high-temperature phase change heat accumulator C through a second interstage control valve II and a first circulating pump.
Further, the phase transition temperature of the phase transition material in the low-temperature phase transition heat accumulator A is between 30 ℃ and 40 ℃, the phase transition temperature of the phase transition material in the high-temperature phase transition heat accumulator C is between 90 ℃ and 110 ℃, and the phase transition temperature of the phase transition material in the medium-temperature phase transition heat accumulator B is between 60 ℃ and 75 ℃.
Further, according to the stability of the heat source, the temperature and flow of the heat source and the heat storage and extraction requirements, the following five operation modes of the multi-stage complementary heat storage device are determined:
1) Under the heat storage working condition, when the temperature of a heat source is greater than the phase change temperature of the high-temperature phase change heat accumulator C and the temperature and flow rate of the heat source change violently along with time, adopting a series-parallel rapid heat storage mode; under the heat-taking working condition, when the heat-taking temperature is between the phase-change temperature of the low-temperature phase-change heat accumulator A and the phase-change temperature of the high-temperature phase-change heat accumulator C and the quick heat-taking is needed, a series-parallel quick heat-taking mode is adopted;
2) Under the heat storage working condition, when the temperature of a heat source is higher than the phase change temperature of the high-temperature phase change heat accumulator C, and the temperature of the heat source is stable and the flow is sufficient, adopting a parallel heat storage mode; under the heating condition, when the heating temperature is between the phase-change temperature of the low-temperature phase-change heat accumulator A and the phase-change temperature of the high-temperature phase-change heat accumulator C, adopting a parallel heating mode;
3) Under the heat storage working condition, when the temperature of the heat source is greater than the phase change temperature of the high-temperature phase change heat accumulator C, but the flow of the heat source is limited, adopting a series heat storage mode; under the heating condition, when the heating temperature is greater than or equal to the phase-change temperature in the high-temperature phase-change heat accumulator C, adopting a series heating mode;
4) Under the heat storage working condition, when the temperature of a heat source is smaller than the phase change temperature of the high-temperature phase change heat accumulator C but larger than the phase change temperature of the medium-temperature phase change heat accumulator B, a series-parallel heat storage mode with one series and two parallel is adopted; when the temperature of the heat source is smaller than the phase-change temperature of the medium-temperature phase-change heat accumulator B but larger than the phase-change temperature of the low-temperature phase-change heat accumulator A, adopting a series-parallel heat accumulation mode of two series-parallel connection;
5) Under the heating condition, when the heating temperature is smaller than the phase-change temperature of the medium-temperature phase-change heat accumulator B but larger than the phase-change temperature of the low-temperature phase-change heat accumulator A, an energy complementation mode from high temperature to medium temperature is started; when the heat taking temperature is smaller than the phase change temperature of the low-temperature phase change heat accumulator A, an energy complementary mode from high temperature to medium temperature and then to low temperature is started.
Further, under the condition that the control valve and the circulating pump between each stage are closed, all other valves and control valves are opened, and the three phase change heat storages form a series-parallel rapid heat storage or series-parallel rapid heat collection mode.
Further, under the condition that each control valve, each interstage control valve and each circulating pump are closed and valves communicated with an inlet main pipeline and an outlet main pipeline are opened at the same time, the three-stage phase change heat accumulator forms a parallel heat accumulation or parallel heating mode.
Further, the interstage control valve and the circulating pump are closed, and meanwhile, only the control valve communicated with the inlet valve of the high-temperature phase-change heat accumulator C, the outlet valve of the low-temperature phase-change heat accumulator A and the control valve communicated with the phase-change heat accumulator at each stage are opened, and the three phase-change heat accumulators form a series heat accumulation or series heating mode.
Further, under the condition that the control valve and the circulating pump between each stage are closed, the outlet valve of the high-temperature phase-change heat accumulator C is closed, and meanwhile, only the inlet valves of the high-temperature phase-change heat accumulator C, the middle-temperature phase-change heat accumulator B and the low-temperature phase-change heat accumulator A are opened, the control valve between the middle-temperature phase-change heat accumulator B and the low-temperature phase-change heat accumulator A is closed, the control valve between the high-temperature phase-change heat accumulator C and the middle-temperature phase-change heat accumulator B is opened, the outlet valves of the middle-temperature phase-change heat accumulator B and the low-temperature phase-change heat accumulator A are opened, and a series-parallel connection heat accumulating mode of two series is formed; and opening control valves at the upper stage outlet end and the lower stage inlet end between the phase change heat storages at all stages, and opening outlet valves of the medium-temperature phase change heat storages B and the low-temperature phase change heat storages A to form a two-series and one-series parallel heat storage mode.
Further, under the condition that each valve is closed, the second control valve II and the first circulating pump are opened, or the first control valve I and the second circulating pump are opened, or the first control valve I, II and the second control valve I, II and the first circulating pump and the second circulating pump are simultaneously opened, so that energy complementation from high temperature to medium temperature, medium temperature to low temperature or high temperature to medium temperature to low temperature is realized among the phase change heat storages.
Compared with the prior art, the invention adopts a modularized step energy storage mode, three phase change heat storages can form a plurality of heat storage modes in a serial-parallel and serial-parallel mixed mode, and the self-adaptive heat storage function is realized for a plurality of heat sources with different temperatures and different energy levels and the heat sources which change continuously along with time; meanwhile, during heat storage, energy storage corresponding to heat storage temperature is performed according to different heat source types, energy levels and energy sizes, so that energy loss caused by large-temperature difference heat storage can be avoided; when the heat is taken, according to the energy consumption requirement, the energy loss caused by large-temperature difference heat accumulation can be avoided, and the efficiency and the energy conservation of the system are improved.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate and do not limit the invention, and together with the description serve to explain the principle of the invention:
FIG. 1 is a structural flow and schematic diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a first set of heat exchangers employed by three phase change heat accumulators, namely heat accumulation/removal heat exchangers;
fig. 3 is a heat storage complementary heat exchanger adopted by the low-temperature phase-change heat accumulator a, the medium-temperature phase-change heat accumulator B and the high-temperature phase-change heat accumulator C, wherein one set of heat storage complementary heat exchanger is arranged in the low-temperature phase-change heat accumulator a and the high-temperature phase-change heat accumulator C, and two sets of heat storage complementary heat exchangers are arranged in the medium-temperature phase-change heat accumulator B.
In the figure: 1. a first valve; 2. a second valve; 3. a third valve; 4. a fourth valve; 5. a fifth valve; 6. a sixth valve; 7. a first control valve; 8. a second control valve; 9. a first circulation pump; 10. a second circulation pump; I. a first inter-stage control valve; II. And a second inter-pole control valve.
Detailed Description
The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the drawings and the specific embodiments thereof, wherein the exemplary embodiments and descriptions of the present invention are provided for illustration of the invention and are not intended to be limiting.
Referring to fig. 1, a multi-stage complementary heat storage device includes three phase-change heat storages, which are a low-temperature phase-change heat storage a, a medium-temperature phase-change heat storage B and a high-temperature phase-change heat storage C, respectively, and share a set of inlet main pipelines and a set of outlet main pipelines. Wherein:
one end of the low-temperature phase-change heat accumulator A, one end of the medium-temperature phase-change heat accumulator B and one end of the high-temperature phase-change heat accumulator C are respectively connected with a main heat storage inlet pipeline (or a main heat extraction outlet pipeline) through a third valve 3, a second valve 2 and a first valve 1; meanwhile, the other ends of the low-temperature phase-change heat accumulator A, the medium-temperature phase-change heat accumulator B and the high-temperature phase-change heat accumulator C are respectively connected with a main heat accumulating outlet pipeline (or a main heat taking inlet pipeline) through a sixth valve 6, a fifth valve 5 and a fourth valve 4.
The connection end of the high-temperature phase-change heat accumulator C and the fourth valve 4 is connected with the inlet end of the medium-temperature phase-change heat accumulator B through the first control valve 7 in the heat accumulation flow direction; likewise, the connection end of the medium-temperature phase-change heat accumulator B and the fifth valve 5 is connected with the inlet end of the low-temperature phase-change heat accumulator A through the second control valve 8.
The phase change temperature of the phase change material in the low-temperature phase change heat accumulator A is between 30 and 40 ℃, the phase change temperature of the phase change material in the high-temperature phase change heat accumulator C is between 90 and 110 ℃, and the phase change temperature of the phase change material in the medium-temperature phase change heat accumulator B is between 60 and 75 ℃.
In the present embodiment, two sets of heat exchangers are provided in the low-temperature phase-change heat accumulator a and the high-temperature phase-change heat accumulator C, one set being a heat storage/extraction heat exchanger (first and third heat storage/extraction heat exchangers A1 and C1, respectively) for a heat storage process and an extraction process, as shown in fig. 2; the other set is a complementary heat storage exchanger (first and third complementary heat storage exchangers A2 and C2, respectively), as shown in fig. 3, for exchanging heat with the medium-temperature phase-change heat storage B. Three sets of heat exchangers are arranged in the medium-temperature phase-change heat accumulator B, and the first set is a second heat accumulation/heat extraction heat exchanger B1 used for heat accumulation and heat extraction; the second set is a second heat storage complementary heat exchanger B2 used for exchanging heat with a third heat storage complementary heat exchanger C2 of the high-temperature phase change heat accumulator C, and the third set is a fourth heat storage complementary heat exchanger B3 used for exchanging heat with a first heat storage complementary heat exchanger A2 of the low-temperature phase change heat accumulator A.
The first heat storage complementary heat exchanger A2 of the low-temperature phase change heat accumulator A and the fourth heat storage complementary heat exchanger B3 of the medium-temperature phase change heat accumulator B are connected with the second circulating pump 10 through a first inter-stage control valve I; the second heat storage complementary heat exchanger B2 of the medium-temperature phase change heat accumulator B is connected with the third heat storage complementary heat exchanger C2 of the high-temperature phase change heat accumulator C through a second interstage control valve II and a first circulating pump 9.
According to the stability of a heat source, the temperature and the flow of the heat source and the heat storage and heat extraction requirements, the following five operation modes of the multi-stage complementary heat storage device are determined:
1) Under the heat storage working condition, when the temperature of a heat source is greater than the phase change temperature of the high-temperature phase change heat accumulator C and the temperature and flow rate of the heat source change violently along with time, a series-parallel rapid heat storage mode is adopted; under the heat-taking working condition, when the heat-taking temperature is between the phase-change temperature of the low-temperature phase-change heat accumulator A and the phase-change temperature of the high-temperature phase-change heat accumulator C and the quick heat-taking is needed, a series-parallel quick heat-taking mode is adopted.
Specifically, when the second inter-stage control valve II and the first inter-stage control valve I are closed and the first circulation pump 9 and the second circulation pump 10 are closed, all the other valves and control valves are opened, and the three phase change heat storages can form a series-parallel rapid heat storage (or series-parallel rapid heat collection) mode.
2) Under the heat storage working condition, when the temperature of a heat source is higher than the phase change temperature of the high-temperature phase change heat accumulator C, and the temperature of the heat source is stable and the flow is sufficient, adopting a parallel heat storage mode; under the heating condition, when the heating temperature is between the phase-change temperature of the low-temperature phase-change heat accumulator A and the phase-change temperature of the high-temperature phase-change heat accumulator C, a parallel heating mode is adopted.
Specifically, in the case where the first control valve 7, the second control valve 8, the first inter-stage control valve I, the second inter-stage control valve II, the first circulation pump 9, and the second circulation pump 10 are closed, and the first valve 1, the second valve 2, the third valve 3, the fourth valve 4, the fifth valve 5, and the sixth valve 6 are simultaneously opened, the three phase change heat storages form a parallel heat storage (or parallel heat extraction) mode.
3) Under the heat storage working condition, when the temperature of the heat source is greater than the phase change temperature of the high-temperature phase change heat accumulator C, but the flow of the heat source is limited, adopting a series heat storage mode; under the heating condition, when the heating temperature is greater than or equal to the phase-change temperature in the high-temperature phase-change heat accumulator C, a series heating mode is adopted.
Specifically, in the case where the first inter-stage control valve I, the second inter-stage control valve II, the first circulation pump 9, and the second circulation pump 10 are closed, and the first valve 1, the first control valve 7, the second control valve 8, and the sixth valve 6 are simultaneously opened, the three phase change heat storages form a series heat storage (or series heat extraction) mode.
4) Under the heat storage working condition, when the temperature of a heat source is smaller than the phase change temperature of the high-temperature phase change heat accumulator C but larger than the phase change temperature of the medium-temperature phase change heat accumulator B, a series-parallel heat storage mode with one series and two parallel is adopted; when the temperature of the heat source is smaller than the phase-change temperature of the medium-temperature phase-change heat accumulator B but larger than the phase-change temperature of the low-temperature phase-change heat accumulator A, a series-parallel heat accumulation mode with two series and one parallel is adopted.
Specifically, when the second inter-stage control valve II and the first inter-stage control valve I are closed, and the first circulation pump 9 and the second circulation pump 10 are closed, the outlet valve 4 of the high-temperature phase-change heat accumulator C is closed, and simultaneously, when only the inlet valves communicating the high-temperature phase-change heat accumulator C, the medium-temperature phase-change heat accumulator B and the low-temperature phase-change heat accumulator a are opened, the working condition a is that the second control valve 8 is closed, the first control valve 7 is opened, and the outlet valves 5 and 6 of the medium-temperature phase-change heat accumulator B and the low-temperature phase-change heat accumulator a are opened, so that a series-parallel heat accumulating mode is formed; the working condition B is to open the first and second control valves 7 and 8 and open the outlet valves 5 and 6 of the medium-temperature phase-change heat accumulator B and the low-temperature phase-change heat accumulator A to form a series-parallel heat accumulation mode with two series and one parallel.
5) Under the heating condition, when the heating temperature is smaller than the phase-change temperature of the medium-temperature phase-change heat accumulator B but larger than the phase-change temperature of the low-temperature phase-change heat accumulator A, an energy complementation mode from high temperature to medium temperature is started; when the heat taking temperature is smaller than the phase change temperature of the low-temperature phase change heat accumulator A, an energy complementary mode from high temperature to medium temperature and then to low temperature is started.
Specifically, when the valves are closed, the second control valve II and the first circulation pump 9 are opened, the first control valve I and the second circulation pump 10 are opened, or the first control valve I, II and the first circulation pump 9 and the second circulation pump 10 are simultaneously opened, so that energy complementation from high temperature to medium temperature, medium temperature to low temperature, or high temperature to medium temperature to low temperature is realized between the phase change heat storages.
The five working conditions are specifically as follows:
working condition 1: the second inter-stage control valve II and the first inter-stage control valve I are closed, the first circulation pump 9 and the second circulation pump 10 are closed, and the other valves and control valves are all opened.
Working condition 2: the first control valve 7, the second control valve 8, the first inter-stage control valve I, the second inter-stage control valve II, the first circulation pump 9 and the second circulation pump 10 are closed, and the first valve 1, the second valve 2, the third valve 3, the fourth valve 4, the fifth valve 5 and the sixth valve 6 are opened.
Working condition 3: the first inter-stage control valve I, the second inter-stage control valve II, the first circulating pump 9 and the second circulating pump 10 are closed, and the fourth valve 4, the fifth valve 5, the second valve 2 and the third valve 3 are closed; only the first valve 1, the first control valve 7, the second control valve 8 and the sixth valve 6 are opened.
Working condition 4: the second inter-stage control valve II and the first inter-stage control valve I are closed, the first circulating pump 9 and the second circulating pump 10 are closed, the fourth valve 4 is closed, and the first, second and third valves 1, 2 and 3 are opened. The first series and the second series are as follows: the second control valve 8 is closed, the first control valve 7 is opened, and the fifth and sixth valves 5 and 6 are opened; the two strings are together: the first and second control valves 7 and 8 are opened, and the fifth and sixth valves 5 and 6 are opened.
Working condition 5: the second control valve II and the first circulation pump 9 are opened, or the first control valve I and the second circulation pump 10 are opened, or the first and second control valves I, II and the first and second circulation pumps 9, 10 are simultaneously opened.
The invention adopts a modularized multi-stage cascade energy storage mode, three phase-change heat storages can form a plurality of heat storage modes in a serial-parallel and serial-parallel mixed mode, and realize self-adaptive heat storage functions for a plurality of heat sources with different temperatures and different energy levels and heat sources which change continuously along with time, and meanwhile, when in heat storage, energy storage with corresponding heat storage temperature is carried out according to different heat source types, energy levels and energy sizes, for example, when the heat source temperature is higher than 110 ℃, the heat storage is preferentially carried out by adopting a high-temperature phase-change heat storage C, and meanwhile, a second inter-stage control valve II and a first circulating pump 9 are opened, and a first inter-stage control valve I and a second circulating pump 10 are opened, so that the cascade storage of energy is realized, and the energy loss caused by large temperature difference heat storage can be avoided; also, when the heat is taken, according to the energy consumption requirement, a heat taking mode corresponding to the heat storage temperature is started, for example, when the heat taking temperature is 50 ℃, the medium-temperature phase change heat accumulator B is preferentially used for heat taking, and meanwhile, the second interstage control valve II and the first circulating pump 9 are started, so that the gradient heat taking of energy is realized, the energy loss caused by large-temperature difference heat storage can be avoided, and the operation efficiency and the energy saving of the system are improved.
The device can store energy in multiple stages and take heat in multiple stages. Further improving the operation efficiency of the system.
While the invention has been described in connection with what is presently considered to be the most practical and preferred embodiment, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiment, but on the contrary, is intended to cover various modifications and equivalent arrangements included within the spirit and scope of the appended claims.
Claims (6)
1. A method for multi-stage complementary heat storage, characterized in that the method comprises the following steps: the three-stage phase change heat accumulator is composed of a high-temperature phase change heat accumulator C, a medium-temperature phase change heat accumulator B and a low-temperature phase change heat accumulator A which are sequentially connected in series, the three-stage phase change heat accumulator is respectively connected in parallel with an inlet main pipeline and an outlet main pipeline through valves, and an upper-stage outlet end and a lower-stage inlet end between the phase change heat accumulators are communicated through control valves; the phase change heat storages at all levels are communicated through an interstage control valve; a plurality of sets of heat exchangers are arranged in each level of phase change heat accumulator, and circulating pumps are arranged between each level of heat exchangers;
different heat storage or heating modes are switched through the opening and closing of the control valve, the circulating pump and the interstage control valve;
two sets of heat exchangers are respectively arranged in the low-temperature phase change heat accumulator A and the high-temperature phase change heat accumulator C, and one set is a first heat accumulation/extraction heat exchanger A1 and a third heat accumulation/extraction heat exchanger C1; the other set is a first heat accumulation complementary heat exchanger A2 and a third heat accumulation complementary heat exchanger C2 which are used for carrying out heat exchange with the medium-temperature phase change heat accumulator B;
three sets of heat exchangers are arranged in the medium-temperature phase-change heat accumulator B, one set is a second heat accumulation/heat extraction heat exchanger B1, the other set is a second heat accumulation complementary heat exchanger B2 used for exchanging heat with a heat accumulation complementary heat exchanger of the high-temperature phase-change heat accumulator C, and the third set is a fourth heat accumulation complementary heat exchanger B3 used for exchanging heat with a heat accumulation complementary heat exchanger of the low-temperature phase-change heat accumulator A;
the first heat storage complementary heat exchanger A2 of the low-temperature phase change heat accumulator A and the fourth heat storage complementary heat exchanger B3 of the medium-temperature phase change heat accumulator B are connected through a first inter-stage control valve I and a second circulating pump (10); the second heat storage complementary heat exchanger B2 of the medium-temperature phase change heat accumulator B is connected with the third heat storage complementary heat exchanger C2 of the high-temperature phase change heat accumulator C through a second interstage control valve II and a first circulating pump (9);
the phase change temperature of the phase change material in the low-temperature phase change heat accumulator A is between 30 and 40 ℃, the phase change temperature of the phase change material in the high-temperature phase change heat accumulator C is between 90 and 110 ℃, and the phase change temperature of the phase change material in the medium-temperature phase change heat accumulator B is between 60 and 75 ℃;
the multi-stage complementary heat storage method comprises the following steps:
under the heat storage working condition, when the temperature of a heat source is greater than the phase change temperature of the high-temperature phase change heat accumulator C and the temperature and flow rate of the heat source change violently along with time, a series-parallel rapid heat storage mode is adopted; under the heat-taking working condition, when the heat-taking temperature is between the phase-change temperature of the low-temperature phase-change heat accumulator A and the phase-change temperature of the high-temperature phase-change heat accumulator C and the quick heat-taking is needed, a series-parallel quick heat-taking mode is adopted;
under the heat storage working condition, when the temperature of a heat source is higher than the phase change temperature of the high-temperature phase change heat accumulator C, and the temperature of the heat source is stable and the flow is sufficient, adopting a parallel heat storage mode; under the heating condition, when the heating temperature is between the phase-change temperature of the low-temperature phase-change heat accumulator A and the phase-change temperature of the high-temperature phase-change heat accumulator C, adopting a parallel heating mode;
under the heat storage working condition, when the temperature of the heat source is greater than the phase change temperature of the high-temperature phase change heat accumulator C, but the flow of the heat source is limited, adopting a series heat storage mode; under the heating condition, when the heating temperature is greater than or equal to the phase-change temperature in the high-temperature phase-change heat accumulator C, adopting a series heating mode;
under the heat storage working condition, when the temperature of a heat source is smaller than the phase change temperature of the high-temperature phase change heat accumulator C but larger than the phase change temperature of the medium-temperature phase change heat accumulator B, a series-parallel heat storage mode with one series and two parallel is adopted; when the temperature of the heat source is smaller than the phase-change temperature of the medium-temperature phase-change heat accumulator B but larger than the phase-change temperature of the low-temperature phase-change heat accumulator A, adopting a series-parallel heat accumulation mode of two series-parallel connection;
under the heating condition, when the heating temperature is smaller than the phase-change temperature of the medium-temperature phase-change heat accumulator B but larger than the phase-change temperature of the low-temperature phase-change heat accumulator A, an energy complementation mode from high temperature to medium temperature is started; when the heat taking temperature is smaller than the phase change temperature of the low-temperature phase change heat accumulator A, an energy complementary mode from high temperature to medium temperature and then to low temperature is started.
2. The multi-stage complementary heat storage method according to claim 1, wherein under the condition that control valves among stages and a circulating pump are closed, all other valves and control valves are opened, and three phase change heat storages form a series-parallel rapid heat storage or series-parallel rapid heat extraction mode.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the three-stage phase change heat accumulator forms a parallel heat accumulation or parallel heat extraction mode in the case that each control valve, each interstage control valve and each circulating pump are closed and simultaneously valves connected to the inlet main pipe and the outlet main pipe are opened.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the control valve and the circulating pump are closed between the stages, and only the inlet valve of the high-temperature phase-change heat accumulator C, the outlet valve of the low-temperature phase-change heat accumulator A and the control valve between the phase-change heat accumulators of the stages are opened, and the three phase-change heat accumulators form a series heat accumulation or series heat extraction mode.
5. The multi-stage complementary heat storage method according to claim 1, wherein under the condition that a control valve and a circulating pump between stages are closed, an outlet valve of a high-temperature phase-change heat accumulator C is closed, and inlet valves of a high-temperature phase-change heat accumulator C, a medium-temperature phase-change heat accumulator B and a low-temperature phase-change heat accumulator A are only opened, a control valve between the medium-temperature phase-change heat accumulator B and the low-temperature phase-change heat accumulator A is closed, a control valve between the high-temperature phase-change heat accumulator C and the medium-temperature phase-change heat accumulator B is opened, and outlet valves of the medium-temperature phase-change heat accumulator B and the low-temperature phase-change heat accumulator A are opened, so that a series-parallel heat storage mode with two parallel is formed; and opening control valves at the upper stage outlet end and the lower stage inlet end between the phase change heat storages at all stages, and opening outlet valves of the medium-temperature phase change heat storages B and the low-temperature phase change heat storages A to form a two-series and one-series parallel heat storage mode.
6. The multi-stage complementary heat storage method according to claim 1, wherein under the condition that each valve is closed, the second control valve II and the first circulating pump (9) are opened, the first control valve I and the second circulating pump (10) are opened, or the first control valve I, II and the second control valve I, II and the first circulating pump and the second circulating pump (9 and 10) are simultaneously opened, so that energy complementation from high temperature to medium temperature, medium temperature to low temperature or high temperature to medium temperature to low temperature is realized between the phase change heat storages.
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| CN111207435A (en) * | 2020-01-20 | 2020-05-29 | 天津大学 | Step energy storage type air source heat pump direct condensing type floor heating system |
| CN111238281A (en) * | 2020-01-20 | 2020-06-05 | 天津大学 | Adjustable step phase change heat storage device and control method |
| CN112944967B (en) * | 2021-01-25 | 2023-04-11 | 杭州德尚科技有限公司 | PVT heat storage and utilization device and control method thereof |
| CN113340142B (en) * | 2021-05-26 | 2022-10-14 | 华瑞高新科技(天津)有限公司 | Installation method and system control method based on medium-low temperature high-density energy storage device |
| CN113531919B (en) * | 2021-07-06 | 2023-06-30 | 西安交通大学 | Multi-source complementary railway turnout snow and ice melting system and method |
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