CN111207435A - Step energy storage type air source heat pump direct condensing type floor heating system - Google Patents
Step energy storage type air source heat pump direct condensing type floor heating system Download PDFInfo
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- CN111207435A CN111207435A CN202010065580.8A CN202010065580A CN111207435A CN 111207435 A CN111207435 A CN 111207435A CN 202010065580 A CN202010065580 A CN 202010065580A CN 111207435 A CN111207435 A CN 111207435A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D11/00—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses
- F24D11/02—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses using heat pumps
- F24D11/0214—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses using heat pumps water heating system
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D19/00—Details
- F24D19/10—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
- F24D19/1006—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems
- F24D19/1009—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems for central heating
- F24D19/1039—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems for central heating the system uses a heat pump
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
- F28D20/02—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using latent heat
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
- Y02B30/12—Hot water central heating systems using heat pumps
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/14—Thermal energy storage
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- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Central Heating Systems (AREA)
- Steam Or Hot-Water Central Heating Systems (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a step energy storage type air source heat pump direct condensing floor heating system which comprises an evaporator (1), a four-way reversing valve (2), a gas-liquid separator (3), a compressor (4), an electromagnetic valve (5), a step phase change floor (6), a liquid storage device (7), a filter (8) and an expansion valve (9); the step phase change floor (6) is internally provided with a step energy storage structure, and heat is stored in the step phase change floor (6). Compared with the prior art, the invention can save the space of the heat storage water tank, can directly use the stored heat for heating, does not need to start a heat pump, and can effectively reduce the power consumption and the operation cost of the system during the peak power period in the daytime; the use of the step phase change floor can realize step heat storage, improve the heat storage rate, prolong the heat release time of the phase change material, slowly release heat and be beneficial to indoor heat comfort.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of residential heating systems, in particular to an air source heat pump direct condensing floor heating system.
Background
The air source heat pump direct condensing type floor radiation heating system is a novel heating mode, couples an air source heat pump technology with a refrigerant direct floor radiation heating technology, and has the advantages of good thermal comfort, low energy consumption, high energy efficiency and the like, and has a wide application prospect. However, the air source heat pump direct condensing floor radiant heating system still has some problems in the application process, which limits the further popularization. Firstly, in the defrosting process of the air source heat pump, the temperature of a floor is reduced due to a refrigerant in a floor heating pipe, and the indoor thermal comfort is reduced; and secondly, the heating pipe of the air source heat pump direct condensation type floor heating system mostly adopts a copper pipe, and compared with a conventional air source heat pump floor radiation heating system, the initial investment is higher. Therefore, how to ensure the indoor comfort of the system in the defrosting process and effectively improve the economic benefit of the system is the key for accelerating the popularization and the application of the system.
Chinese patent No. zl201320485074.x discloses a direct condensing type air source heat pump floor heating system, which comprises a heat pump unit, wherein the heat pump unit comprises a pipeline loop containing working media, and a compressor, a condenser, a throttling device and an evaporator which are sequentially connected in series on the pipeline loop, and the condenser is a geothermal heating pipe directly connected to the pipeline loop. However, the patent only simply designs the construction of the air source heat pump direct condensing floor heating system, and does not provide a solution to the problems of defrosting of the system, economical efficiency and the like.
Chinese patent application No. 201710208348.3 discloses a heat storage type air source heat direct condensing floor heating system, which comprises a compressor, a high voltage protection switch, a four-way valve, an electromagnetic valve, a heat storage water tank, a drying filter, an electronic expansion valve, a liquid reservoir and a floor heating coil. When the heat storage water tank stores heat, the pipelines are mutually connected in parallel with the floor heating coil pipe, and the pipelines are respectively provided with a drying filter and an electronic expansion valve, so that heat stored or released by heat exchange between a refrigerant and water is realized. The operation modes which can be realized by the system comprise a heat supply operation mode, a heat storage operation mode, a heat supply and heat storage circulation parallel operation mode, a heat storage water tank which is independently used as an evaporator operation mode, a heat storage water tank combined evaporator operation mode under the condition of high load and a defrosting operation mode. However, the system has the following problemsQuestion (I): 1) the water storage and storage tank adopted by the system has low energy storage density, if the volume of the water tank is smaller, sufficient heat cannot be stored to meet the heat supply and defrosting requirements of the system, and if the volume of the device is overlarge, the indoor space is occupied; 2) in the heat storage mode, high-grade energy (electric energy) is consumed to drive the heat pump to circulate, so that high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant can be prepared for heat storage of the heat storage water tank,however, in the single heat release and combined operation mode of the water tank, the heat stored in the heat storage water tank can only be used for heat absorption of refrigerant evaporation, and can only be used for indoor heating by applying work through the compressor, so that energy is not saved, and the heat pump can only be used for heating by driving the heat pump to circulate when the power is still consumed during the peak power period in the day, so that the operation cost cannot be effectively reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical defects, the invention provides a step energy storage type air source heat pump direct condensation type floor heating system, which adopts a step energy storage structure comprising different phase change materials in a step phase change floor as a radiation tail end, stores heat in the step phase change floor 6, can effectively save the space occupied by a heat storage water tank, and can directly use the stored heat for indoor heating, thereby reducing the heating operation cost of the system and accelerating the popularization and application of the system.
The invention relates to a step energy storage type air source heat pump direct condensing floor heating system which comprises an evaporator 1, a four-way reversing valve 2, a gas-liquid separator 3, a compressor 4, an electromagnetic valve 5, a step phase change floor 6, a liquid storage device 7, a filter 8 and an expansion valve 9; wherein:
the input end of the compressor 4 is communicated with the output end of the gas-liquid separator 3, and the filters 8 are arranged on both sides of the input end and the output end of the expansion valve 9; four ports of the four-way reversing valve 2 are respectively communicated with the output end of the evaporator 1, the input end of the gas-liquid separator 3, the output end of the compressor 4 and the step phase change floor 6, a step energy storage structure is arranged in the step phase change floor 6, and heat is stored in the step phase change floor 6.
The step phase change floor 6 sequentially comprises a moisture-proof layer 10, a heat insulation layer 11, a cement cushion layer 12, a stainless steel pipe 14, a cement filling layer 15, a flooring wooden keel 16, a phase change material filling layer 17 and a decoration layer 18;
the phase change material filling layer 17 is filled with a step energy storage structure formed by a first-stage phase change material 19, a second-stage phase change material 20 and a third-stage phase change material 21, and each phase change material is packaged by an aluminum foil bag and filled in an overhead space of a flooring wooden keel 16 and a decoration layer 18 of the step phase change floor 6;
the stainless steel pipe 14 is filled with a refrigerant.
The phase change temperature of the phase change materials is in the range of 30-40 ℃, and the phase change temperature relation of the phase change materials meets the conditions that the phase change temperature of a first-stage phase change material 19 is greater than the phase change temperature of a second-stage phase change material 20 is greater than the phase change temperature of a third-stage phase change material 21.
Phase-change materials with sequentially reduced melting points are arranged along the moving direction of the refrigerant in the stainless steel pipe 14 in the step phase-change floor 6, the refrigerant enters the inlet of the stainless steel pipe 14 of the step phase-change floor 6 through the electromagnetic valve 5, and the phase-change material filling layer 17 is provided with a first-stage phase-change material 19; the refrigerant enters the liquid storage device 7 and flows out of the stainless steel pipe 14 in the step phase change floor 6, and the phase change material filling layer 17 is provided with a third-stage phase change material 21; in the middle area of the stepped phase change floor 6, the phase change material filling layer 17 is provided with a second-stage phase change material 20.
Compared with the prior art, the step energy storage type air source heat pump direct condensing floor heating system has the following beneficial effects:
1) compared with the conventional floor heating system, the heat can be directly stored at the tail end of the floor;
2) compared with the heat storage water tank, the heat is stored in the step phase change floor, so that the space of the heat storage water tank can be saved;
3) the off-peak electricity at night can be fully utilized to reduce the electricity consumption in the peak electricity period in the day and reduce the heating operation cost;
4) the use of the step phase change floor can realize step heat storage, improve the heat storage rate, prolong the heat release time of the phase change material, slowly release heat and be beneficial to indoor heat comfort.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a step energy storage type air source heat pump direct condensing floor heating system of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a stepped phase change floor.
Reference numerals:
1. the device comprises an evaporator, 2, a four-way reversing valve, 3, a gas-liquid separator, 4, a compressor, 5, an electromagnetic valve, 6, a step phase change floor, 7, a liquid storage device, 8, a filter, 9, an expansion valve, 10, a moisture-proof layer, 11, a heat insulation layer, 12, a cement cushion layer, 13, a fixing clamp, 14, a stainless steel pipe, 15, a cement filling layer, 16, a paving wood keel, 17, a phase change filling layer, 18, a decoration layer, 19, a first-stage phase change material, 20, a second-stage phase change material, 21 and a third-stage phase change material.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1, the structural schematic diagram of the step energy storage type air source heat pump direct condensing floor heating system is shown. The system comprises an evaporator 1, a four-way reversing valve 2, a gas-liquid separator 3, a compressor 4, an electromagnetic valve 5, a step phase change floor 6, a liquid storage device 7, a filter 8 and an expansion valve 9. Wherein, the input end of the compressor 4 is communicated with the output end of the gas-liquid separator 3. Both sides of the input end and the output end of the expansion valve 9 are provided with filters 8, so that the air source heat pump can prevent impurities from entering the compressor no matter in a heating mode or a defrosting mode. Four ports of the four-way reversing valve 2 are respectively communicated with the output end of the evaporator 1, the input end of the gas-liquid separator 3, the output end of the compressor 4 and the step phase change floor 6.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the phase-change floor. The step phase change floor 6 sequentially comprises a moisture-proof layer 10, a heat insulation layer 11, a cement cushion layer 12, fixing clips 13, a stainless steel pipe 14, a cement filling layer 15, a flooring wood keel 16, a phase change material filling layer 17 and a decoration layer 18. The phase change material filling layer 17 is filled with a first-stage phase change material 19, a second-stage phase change material 20 and a third-stage phase change material 21, and each phase change material is sealed and packaged by an aluminum foil bag to form a step energy storage structure which is filled in an overhead space between a flooring wooden keel 16 and a floor decoration layer 18 of the step phase change floor 6. The phase-change temperature of the selected phase-change materials is in the range of 30-40 degrees. The phase change temperature relation of the phase change materials meets the conditions that the phase change temperature of the first-stage phase change material 19 is greater than the phase change temperature of the second-stage phase change material 20 is greater than the phase change temperature of the third-stage phase change material 21. Phase change materials with successively lower melting points are arranged along the flow direction of the refrigerant inside the floor. The refrigerant enters the inlet of the step phase change floor 6 through the electromagnetic valve 5, and the phase change material filling layer 17 is provided with a first-stage phase change material 19; the refrigerant enters the liquid storage device 7 and flows out of the step phase change floor 6, and the phase change material filling layer 17 is provided with a third-stage phase change material 21; in the middle area of the stepped phase change floor 6, the phase change material filling layer 17 is provided with a second-stage phase change material 20. Compared with the design that only one phase change material is filled in the cascade energy storage structure, the cascade energy storage structure realizes that different phase change materials in the phase change floor enter a latent heat release stage at different time intervals, and avoids severe room temperature fluctuation caused by rapid release of stored heat after the heat pump stops running. The stainless steel pipe 14 is filled with a refrigerant, and the fixing clip 13 is used to fix the position of the stainless steel pipe 14.
The step energy storage type air source heat pump direct condensing floor heating system provided by the invention has three operation modes of heat supply-heat storage, phase change heat release and defrosting respectively. The operating modes are described below:
in the heating-heat storage mode, the air source heat pump starts to operate, and the electromagnetic valve 5 is opened. The refrigerant is output from the output end of the compressor 4, enters the stainless steel tube 14 in the step phase change floor 6 through the four-way reversing valve 2, is output from the stainless steel tube 14 in the step phase change floor 6, sequentially enters the liquid accumulator 7, the filter 8, the expansion valve 9, the evaporator 1, the four-way reversing valve 2 and the gas-liquid separator 3, and then flows back to the input end of the compressor 4, so that the refrigerant circulation is completed. The first-stage phase change material 19, the second-stage phase change material 20 and the third-stage phase change material 21 filled in the stepped phase change floor 6 start heat storage. The mode is suitable for the off-peak electricity period at night, can meet the room heating demand, and can store heat for use in the daytime. The phase-change materials with different phase-change temperatures are adopted, so that the cascade heat storage can be realized, the heat exchange rate is improved, and the temperature of the refrigerant at the outlet is kept stable. In addition, in extreme weather, the temperature of the refrigerant at the outlet of the compressor is reduced, and the low-temperature phase change material in the floor can still store part of heat.
And (II) in the phase change heat release mode, the air source heat pump stops running, and the electromagnetic valve 5 is closed. The first-stage phase change material 19, the second-stage phase change material 20 and the third-stage phase change material 21 filled in the phase change material filling layer 17 in the stepped phase change floor 6 start to release heat. Because the phase change materials filled in the phase change material have different phase change temperatures, the phase change materials can enter a latent heat release stage successively, and the phase change material heat release time can be prolonged.
And (III) in the defrosting mode, the air source heat pump starts to operate, the four-way reversing valve 2 reverses, and the electromagnetic valve 5 is opened. The refrigerant is output from the output end of the compressor 4, exchanges heat and defrosts through the evaporator 1, sequentially enters the filter 8, the expansion valve 9, the liquid storage device 7, the stainless steel pipe 14 inside the step phase change floor 6 and the gas-liquid separator 3, and finally enters the input end of the compressor to complete the defrosting cycle. The phase-change material continuously releases heat, on one hand, low-level heat energy required by defrosting can be improved, defrosting time is shortened, on the other hand, indoor heat release is realized, and indoor temperature stability can be effectively guaranteed. In addition, the refrigerant exchanges heat with the third-stage phase-change material 21 firstly, and then exchanges heat with the second-stage phase-change material 20 and the first-stage phase-change material 19, so that cascade heat absorption can be realized, the heat exchange rate is increased, the temperature of the refrigerant outlet can be increased, and the defrosting time is further shortened.
Compared with a single-stage phase change floor, the step phase change floor provided by the invention has the following advantages: in the heat storage stage, the heat storage rate of the floor is further improved by the realized step heat storage, and the system outlet water temperature is reduced and partial heat can be stored under the extreme condition. In the heat release stage, the stored heat is directly used for indoor heating, a compressor is not required to be started, the heat pump is driven to circulate, the energy utilization efficiency of the system can be effectively improved, the phase-change materials with different phase-change temperatures in the floor can enter the latent heat release stage in different time periods, and the situation that the stored heat is rapidly released to cause severe fluctuation of the room temperature is avoided. In the defrosting stage, the phase-change material can provide low-level heat energy required by defrosting, so that the defrosting speed is accelerated; meanwhile, the phase-change material can continuously release heat indoors, indoor heat comfort is guaranteed, the refrigerant absorbs heat in a gradient mode, evaporation of the refrigerant can be accelerated, and defrosting time of the heat pump is shortened.
The above embodiments are part of the present invention, and all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without any inventive work based on the embodiments of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A step energy storage type air source heat pump direct condensing floor heating system is characterized by comprising an evaporator (1), a four-way reversing valve (2), a gas-liquid separator (3), a compressor (4), an electromagnetic valve (5), a step phase change floor (6), a liquid storage device (7), a filter (8) and an expansion valve (9); wherein:
the input end of the compressor (4) is communicated with the output end of the gas-liquid separator (3), and the filter (8) is arranged at the input end and the output end of the expansion valve (9); four ports of the four-way reversing valve (2) are respectively communicated with the output end of the evaporator (1), the input end of the gas-liquid separator (3), the output end of the compressor (4) and a stainless steel pipe (14) in the step phase change floor (6), and a step energy storage structure is arranged in the step phase change floor (6).
2. The step energy storage type air source heat pump direct-condensing floor heating system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step phase change floor (6) sequentially comprises a moisture-proof layer (10), a heat insulation layer (11), a cement cushion layer (12), a stainless steel pipe (14), a cement filling layer (15), a flooring wooden keel (16), a phase change material filling layer (17) and a decoration layer (18);
the phase change material filling layer (17) is filled with a step energy storage structure formed by a first-stage phase change material (19), a second-stage phase change material (20) and a third-stage phase change material (21), and each phase change material is packaged by an aluminum foil bag and filled in an overhead space between a flooring wooden keel (16) and a floor decoration layer (18) of the step phase change floor (6);
the stainless steel pipe (14) is filled with a refrigerant.
3. The step energy storage type air source heat pump direct-condensing floor heating system as claimed in claim 2, wherein the phase change temperatures of the phase change materials are all within a range of 30-40 degrees, and the phase change temperature relationship of the phase change materials satisfies the conditions that the phase change temperature of a first-stage phase change material (19) is greater than the phase change temperature of a second-stage phase change material (20) is greater than the phase change temperature of a third-stage phase change material (21).
4. The step energy storage type air source heat pump direct condensing floor heating system as claimed in claim 2, wherein phase change materials with sequentially reduced melting points are arranged along the flowing direction of the refrigerant in the floor, the refrigerant enters the inlet of the stainless steel pipe (14) of the step phase change floor (6) through the electromagnetic valve (5), and the phase change material filling layer (17) is provided with a first-stage phase change material (19); the refrigerant enters the liquid storage device (7) and flows out of the stainless steel pipe (14) of the step phase change floor (6), and the phase change material filling layer (17) is provided with a third-stage phase change material (21); in the middle area of the step phase change floor (6), a phase change material filling layer (17) is provided with a second-stage phase change material (20).
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| CN202010065580.8A CN111207435A (en) | 2020-01-20 | 2020-01-20 | Step energy storage type air source heat pump direct condensing type floor heating system |
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| CN202010065580.8A CN111207435A (en) | 2020-01-20 | 2020-01-20 | Step energy storage type air source heat pump direct condensing type floor heating system |
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| CN112682839A (en) * | 2020-12-21 | 2021-04-20 | 北京华厚能源科技有限公司 | Radiation wall end device of cascade phase change capillary network for storing and supplying cold/heat |
| CN113701221A (en) * | 2021-08-24 | 2021-11-26 | 广西高而美节能科技有限公司 | Temperature control heating system based on floor phase change heat storage |
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| CN112682839A (en) * | 2020-12-21 | 2021-04-20 | 北京华厚能源科技有限公司 | Radiation wall end device of cascade phase change capillary network for storing and supplying cold/heat |
| CN113701221A (en) * | 2021-08-24 | 2021-11-26 | 广西高而美节能科技有限公司 | Temperature control heating system based on floor phase change heat storage |
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Application publication date: 20200529 |