JP2005198517A - Water reserving unit for planting equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a water reserving unit for planting equipment ensuring water retainability while provided with a simple structure. <P>SOLUTION: The water reserving unit has the following structure: a waterproof layer 12 is provided on the surface of a sloped building frame 11 such as a building rooftop; long dams 13 are joined to the waterproof layer 12 via hot-air fusion to be integrated with each other; space for reserving water permeated through a soil layer 14 between the dams 13, and rainwater or irrigation water is reserved in the space to form reserved water 16. The reserved water 16 supplies moisture to the soil of the soil layer 14 lying at the upper part of the waterproof layer 12. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a water storage device for planting facilities, and more particularly to a water storage device for planting facilities that can stably and easily obtain water retention in a planting facility for growing plants on the rooftop of a building.

  In recent years, as one of the measures for suppressing the heat island phenomenon in cities, planting flowers and trees on the rooftop of buildings, etc., and greening has been carried out, and in some cities it is obligated by ordinances. Construction for greening the surface of a building or the like is generally performed by forming a concrete layer on the waterproof layer, applying a water retention layer or drainage layer on the concrete layer, and then a soil layer (planting layer or customer soil). Etc.), and a structure in which plants such as flowers and trees are planted in this soil layer is adopted.

  In recent years, the improvement in waterproof quality has made it possible to omit the construction of a concrete layer on the waterproof layer. The omission of the concrete layer can reduce the weight of the rooftop, and thus can reduce adverse effects on the building. In addition, since it has become possible to develop artificial soil that is more excellent in water retention and drainage than natural soil, lightweight planting has become possible.

  However, sufficient water retention is required to grow a group of plants on a roof such as a building that is easier to dry than the general ground surface. For this reason, the water retention of artificial soil alone is insufficient, and there are cases where water must be frequently irrigated. In addition, originally, the water gradient itself provided to drain water quickly so that rainwater or the like does not remain on the surface of a building or the like may promote drying. Therefore, there are many examples where a water retention layer is installed under artificial soil to avoid frequent irrigation.

  FIG. 6 shows a conventional water storage device for planting facilities. A housing 1 is constructed on the rooftop of a building (hotel, office building, public facility, condominium, etc.). The water storage device for planting facilities includes a waterproof layer 2 provided on the housing 1, a water retention layer 3 provided on the waterproof layer 2, and a planting layer or a guest soil layer provided on the water retention layer 3. And a soil layer 4 as a plant. A plant 5 is planted in the soil layer 4.

  The casing 1 has at least a surface inclined so that rainwater and irrigation can easily flow in one direction. A resin material is used for the waterproof layer 2 to prevent rainwater or irrigation from penetrating into the casing 1 and causing rain leakage or the like indoors. The water retention layer 3 has a waveform (or projections provided at predetermined intervals) in the inclined direction, and water is retained in the lower portion of the soil layer 4 by this waveform to retain the water.

  A part of the water from rainwater or irrigation is retained in the soil layer 4, and surplus water that could not be retained in the soil layer 4 penetrates into the lower part of the soil layer 4. The water that has reached the water retention layer 3 is stored in the corrugated valleys of the water retention layer 3, and moisture retention 6 is generated. The water that overflows the top of the waveform is supplied to the lower valley. By having moisture retention 6 (water storage) in the valley portion of the water retention layer 3, drying of the soil layer 4 is suppressed, and the plant 5 can be prevented from withering due to sunlight or the like.

  FIG. 7 shows another configuration example of a conventional water storage device for planting facilities (see, for example, Patent Document 1). This water storage device for planting equipment includes a soil support material 101 having irregularities and disposed at the bottom, a water retention material 102 disposed in a valley portion of the soil support material 101, a soil support material 101, and A water-permeable sheet 103 disposed horizontally on the upper surface of the water-retaining material 102 and a growing soil layer 104 provided with a predetermined thickness on the water-permeable sheet 103 are configured. As the water retention material 102, a material such as pearlite that is lightweight and excellent in water retention is used. Plants are planted in the growing soil layer 104.

  In the water storage device for planting equipment in FIG. 7, a part of water from rainwater or water spray is retained in the growing soil layer 104, and surplus water that could not be retained in the growing soil layer 104 is stored in the growing soil layer 104. Water is retained by penetrating into the lower part and being absorbed by the water retaining material 102 through the water permeable sheet 103. By this water retention, drying of the growing soil layer 104 is suppressed, and it is possible to prevent the plant from withering due to sunlight or the like.

In addition, the structure for retaining water in the lower part of the soil layer 4 is other than the structure shown in FIG. 6. For example, instead of the soil support material 101, the structure has a U-shaped unevenness provided with water holes. A system using a corrugated plate is shown in FIG.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-155374 (FIGS. 1 and 3)

  However, according to the conventional water storage device for planting equipment, a mat-like long product, a water-retaining layer such as a unit product on a tray, a columnar water-retaining material, or a soil support material is installed on the waterproof layer or the frame. Therefore, when it is desired to reduce the thickness of the soil, the existence of the water retaining layer may be an obstacle, the thickness of the water retaining layer may limit the soil thickness, and countermeasures may be required for the fixing method. For fixing the waterproof layer and the water retaining layer, simple mating means using double-sided tape for mat-like long products, individually fixed to the waterproof layer by dotted adhesion for tray-like unit products, etc. There are various means, but all of them may be anxious about the stability of the installation state.

  Therefore, the objective of this invention is providing the water storage apparatus for planting facilities which can ensure water retention, making a structure simple.

  In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides, as a first feature, a waterproof layer on a sloped surface such as a roof of a building, and a soil layer for planting on the waterproof layer. In the water storage apparatus attached to the planting facility to be applied, at least one weir for storing water on the waterproof layer is installed on the waterproof layer in a direction perpendicular to the gradient. A water storage device for planting equipment is provided.

  According to this configuration, the weir provided on the waterproof layer blocks rainwater and irrigation to retain moisture, thereby ensuring water retention. Therefore, water retention can be ensured with a simple configuration.

  In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention has a second feature that a waterproof layer is applied on a horizontal surface that does not have a gradient of a housing such as a roof of a building, and is used for planting on the waterproof layer. In a water storage apparatus attached to a facility where a soil layer is provided or a biotope pond is constructed, a predetermined height is exposed from a drainage drain provided at a predetermined position of the housing and a surface of the waterproof layer. And a hollow member for water level adjustment that is fitted in the drainage drain so as to be movable up and down.

  According to this configuration, rainwater and irrigation poured from the top of the waterproof layer can store water on the waterproof layer up to the upper end position of the water level adjusting hollow member, and this can be used as water retention. Therefore, water retention can be ensured with a simple configuration.

  According to the water storage device for planting facilities of the present invention, there is a planting facility for growing plants on the rooftop of a building, etc., and a weir composed of a long body at an arbitrary position on the waterproof layer. Since it was set as the structure provided, water retention can be implement | achieved stably and simply.

  Moreover, according to the water storage apparatus for other planting facilities of the present invention, the water is stored on the waterproof layer up to a height regulated by the hollow member for adjusting the water level fitted in the drainage drain. Water retention can be ensured by the configuration.

  FIG. 1 shows a water storage device for planting equipment according to an embodiment of the present invention. The water storage device 10 for planting facilities is provided with a waterproof layer 12 provided on the housing 11, a weir 13 provided at a predetermined interval on the waterproof layer 12, and a predetermined thickness on the weir 13. And a soil layer 14. Plants 15 are planted in the soil layer 14.

  The casing 11 has at least a surface inclined so that rainwater and irrigation (watering) can easily flow in one direction. A resin material is used for the waterproof layer 12 to prevent rainwater or irrigation from penetrating into the housing 11 and causing rain leakage or the like indoors. The weirs 13 are arranged in a direction perpendicular to the water gradient and function to block water, and one or a plurality of weirs 13 are installed according to the inclination angle of the waterproof layer 12 and the length in the inclination direction. The same material is used for the waterproof layer 2 and the weir 13 to facilitate the integration of both. By integrating the waterproof layer 2 and the weir 13, it becomes possible to ensure water retention simply and stably.

  The material used for the waterproof layer 2 and the weir 13 is a material that can withstand a constantly wet environment, such as a thermoplastic resin or vulcanized rubber. Among them, the thermoplastic resin is suitable for use in an environment where it is always wet. Thermoplastic resins are also lightweight, easy to mold, strong enough to withstand earth pressure and water pressure, and have no aging deterioration such as rot and rust due to moisture. Yes. The types of thermoplastic resins include vinyl chlorides that have been widely used as waterproof sheet materials and olefins that are environmentally friendly. Examples of olefins include polyethylene and polypropylene.

  Various sizes of the weirs 13 are conceivable depending on conditions such as a water gradient angle and a building. However, the weirs 13 are installed at intervals such that moisture retention 16 is generated in the entire lower surface of the soil layer 14 so that a drought portion does not occur. As an example of the interval between the weirs 13 where no drought occurs, the distance between the weirs 13 is 3000 mm when the weir 13 having a height of 50 mm is installed on the surface of the building having a water gradient of 1/100. By doing so, water retention can be obtained in the whole area between the weirs 13. The water that overflows one weir 13 is used as the moisture retention 16 of the weir 13 installed in the lower stage.

  In order to sufficiently store the moisture retention 16 in the lower part of the soil layer 14 and supply the moisture to the soil layer 14 as necessary, the lower layer of the soil layer 14 and the region of the moisture retention 16 in FIG. It is preferable to arrange the granular material and arrange the small diameter component in the upper layer portion. Alternatively, a structure such as a water-permeable sheet, a net, a fence or the like as shown in FIG. 7, an elastomer, or a granular material with high water retention may be used.

  FIG. 2 shows the detailed structure of the weir 13. The weir 13 is elongated so as not to cause drought due to water leakage, and both end portions thereof are brought into close contact with the side wall surface of the water storage device 10 for planting facilities so that water leakage does not occur from both sides. I have to. The weir 13 includes a pipe-shaped core body 13a and a U-shaped support body 13b for positioning and fixing the core body 13a to the waterproof layer 12, and the above-described thermoplastic resin is used for each. As long as the bottom surface of the core body 13a can be in close contact with the waterproof layer 12, the support body 13b may be provided at several places. However, in order to improve the adhesion, the length of the support body 13b is preferably the same as that of the core body 13a.

  The lower surface of the support 13b is fused to the surface of the waterproof layer 12 by thermal fusion. The support 13b and the waterproof layer 12 are integrated by the heat fusion part 17 formed by this fusion, and the weir 13 without water leakage can be formed. There is hot air fusion as heat fusion. In order to obtain uniform bonding strength by hot air fusion, it is preferable to use an automatic hot air fusion machine with little variation in hot air temperature and fusion speed. Joining conditions with an automatic hot air fusion machine vary depending on the resin type and weather conditions such as weather and season, but for vinyl chloride, the basic setting is a hot air temperature of 430 ° C and a fusion speed of 1.8 m / min. It is. Further, when a polypropylene sheet having a lower melting point than that of vinyl chloride is used for the waterproof layer 12, the basic setting is a hot air temperature of 400 ° C. and a fusion speed of 3.0 m / min.

  FIG. 3 shows another example of the weir 13. In FIG. 2, the weir 13 is composed of two parts. However, as shown in FIG. For example, an A-shaped weir 21 as shown in FIG. 3A, an inverted T-shaped weir 22 as shown in FIG. 3B, an “O + I” -shaped weir 23 as shown in FIG. . The weir shown here is only an example, and the shape of the weir is not particularly limited as long as it has the necessary strength, heat-fusibility and age resistance, and has a fusion surface for the waterproof layer 12. Without any shape. Further, even in the case of a shape composed of two parts as shown in FIG. 2, the overall shape can be made as shown in FIG.

  In FIG. 1, when there is rainwater or irrigation, these penetrate into the soil layer 14, part of the water is retained in the soil layer 14, and the surplus penetrates into the soil layer 14 and reaches the waterproof layer 2. When rainwater or irrigation is sufficiently poured, the weir 13 functions to stop the permeated water, and moisture retention 16 is accumulated between the weirs 13. If the amount of the moisture retention 16 is large and accumulates so as to exceed the height of the weir 13, the overflowed water flows into the lower moisture retention region and accumulates in the moisture retention region. Since moisture retention 16 is generated between the weirs 13, drying of the soil layer 4 is suppressed. Even when the weather is good and moisture is insufficient, the moisture retention 16 is sucked into the soil of the soil layer 14, so that the plant 15 can be prevented from withering.

  As described above, according to the embodiment of the present invention, it is possible to ensure water retention only by installing the weir 13 having a simple structure and space-saving on the waterproof layer 12. In addition, even when a plurality of weirs 13 are used, only the waterproof layer 12 is provided between the weirs, so that the height of the soil layer 14 can be reduced. Moreover, since the volume of the moisture retention 16 becomes larger than the configurations of FIGS. 6 and 7, it becomes possible to increase the amount of moisture retention as compared with the conventional water storage device.

  FIG. 4 shows the configuration of a water supply apparatus for supplying water to the water storage apparatus 10 for planting facilities in FIG. In addition, illustration of the soil layer 14 and the plant 15 is abbreviate | omitted in FIG. The water supply device 30 includes a water supply source 31, a circulation pump 32, a circulation pipe 33, and covers 34 and 35.

  The water supply source 31 is installed at the uppermost portion of the moisture retention 16 formation region (water retention region), and the circulation pump 32 is installed at the lowermost portion of the moisture retention 16 formation region. A circulation pipe 33 is connected to the circulation pump 32, and a tip portion thereof is disposed in the vicinity of the water supply source 31. The tip of the circulation pipe 33 and the water supply source 31 are blocked by a cover 34 to limit the entry of people. Similarly, the circulation pump 32 is also protected by the cover 35.

  In FIG. 4, the water poured from the water supply source 31 is absorbed into the soil of the soil layer 14, but after a certain amount of water is accumulated between the weirs 13 to become the moisture retention 16, the water finally reaches the bottom. The installed weir 13 overflows and becomes surplus water 36. The surplus water 36 is recovered by the circulation pump 32 and the circulation pipe 33 to the uppermost portion where the water supply source 31 is present. Thus, by collecting the surplus water 36 to the uppermost part without draining it, the irrigation work can be reduced and water can be saved.

  In FIG. 4, water level sensors and the like are further installed at the uppermost and lowermost parts of the water supply device 30, and the valve for controlling the amount of water supplied from the water supply source 31, the number of rotations of the circulation pump 32, on / off, etc. By adding a control unit, it becomes possible to construct a system having functions of automatic water supply and automatic circulation, and it becomes possible to eliminate the need for manual water retention for the water storage device 10 for planting facilities. .

  FIG. 5 shows another configuration of the water storage device for planting facilities according to the present invention. This water storage apparatus 40 for planting equipment is suitable for the use of the planting equipment or biotope pond equipment planted on a flat roof without a gradient (inclination), and can store an arbitrary water level. . Moreover, since the water storage apparatus 40 for planting facilities of FIG. 5 targets the flat rooftop etc. without a gradient (inclination), a weir is not installed.

  The surface of the housing 11 is flat and has no gradient (inclination). A drainage drain 41 is provided at a predetermined position of the casing 11 in the vertical direction. A water level adjusting pipe 43 is fitted in the upper part of the drainage drain 41 via a water stop packing 42. The water level adjusting pipe 43 has a height extending from the surface of the waterproof layer 12 to a predetermined height. Therefore, if the height of the moisture retention 16 on the waterproof layer 12 is equal to or less than the height of the water level adjustment pipe 43, water drained from the drainage drain 41 is not generated. A drainage cover 44 is provided so as to cover the upper part of the drainage drain 41. Further, the drainage drain 41 has a bowl-like upper end, and this bowl portion is fixed to the casing 11 by a fixing member 45. Furthermore, the upper part of the drainage drain 41 is supported by a reinforcing member 46.

  In the water storage device 40 for planting equipment in FIG. 5, after waterproofing the housing 11 with the waterproof layer 12 and the drainage drain 41, the water level adjusting pipe 43 is installed in the drainage drain 41 via the water stop packing 42. To do. The water level of the moisture retention 16 can be adjusted by moving the water level adjustment pipe 43 up and down. In this adjustment, since the water stop packing 42 is provided, the water level adjustment pipe 43 can be easily moved up and down. After adjusting the water level adjusting pipe 43, the upper edge of the water level adjusting pipe 43 becomes the water level of the moisture retention 16.

  In FIG. 5, the water-stopping packing 42 has a role of maintaining watertightness, but other means may be used in place of the waterstopping packing 42 as long as water-tightness holding and water level adjustment are possible. Moreover, although the waterproofing for planting is constructed by adding the soil layer 14 and the plant 15, it is possible to prevent the soil layer 14 and the plant 15 from flowing into the drainage drain 41 by installing the drainage cover 44. it can. In addition, when the planting 15 is not performed and the drainage cover 44 is used for a biotope pond with only water storage, the drainage cover 44 also plays a role of preventing outflow of aquatic animals and the like in the moisture retention 16.

It is sectional drawing which shows the water storage apparatus for planting facilities which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the detailed structure of the weir of FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the other example of the weir of FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the structure of the water supply apparatus for supplying water to the water storage apparatus for planting facilities of FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the other structure of the water storage apparatus for planting facilities which concerns on this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the structure of the conventional water storage apparatus for planting facilities. It is sectional drawing which shows the other structure of the conventional water storage apparatus for planting facilities.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1,11 Body 2,12 Waterproof layer 3 Weir 4,14 Soil layer 5,15 Plant 6,16 Moisture retention 10 Water storage device for planting equipment 13 Weir 13a Core body 13b Support body 17 Thermal fusion part 21,22,23 Weir 30 Water supply device 31 Water supply source 32 Circulation pump 33 Circulation pipe 34, 35 Cover 40 Water storage device for planting equipment 41 Drain drain 42 Stop water packing 43 Water level adjustment pipe 44 Drain cover 45 Fixing member 46 Reinforcement member 101 Soil layer support material 102 Water retention material 103 Permeable sheet 104 Soil layer for cultivation

Claims (6)

In a water storage device attached to a planting facility in which a waterproof layer is applied on a sloped surface such as a roof of a building, and a soil layer for planting is applied on the waterproof layer,
A water storage device for planting facilities, wherein at least one weir for storing water on the waterproof layer is installed on the waterproof layer in a direction perpendicular to the gradient.   The said dam consists of two or more, The dam of the downstream side among the dams between each other has the height which the said waterproof layer does not expose at the time of water storage between the dams of the upstream side. Water storage device for planting equipment.   The plurality of weirs are arranged so that the overflowed water flows into the water retention region formed by the downstream weir, and the water overflowing the lowermost weir is discarded or formed by the uppermost weir. The water storage device for planting equipment according to claim 2, wherein the water supply device is circulated and supplied to the region.   The said weir is comprised using a thermoplastic resin material, and is fixed to the said waterproof layer by hot air fusion | fusion, The water storage apparatus for planting facilities of Claim 1, 2, or 3 characterized by the above-mentioned. A water storage layer attached to a facility in which a waterproof layer is provided on a horizontal surface that does not have a slope of a frame such as a roof of a building, and a soil layer for planting is provided on the waterproof layer, or a biotope pond is constructed. In the device
Drainage drain provided at a predetermined position of the housing;
A water storage device for planting equipment, comprising: a water level adjusting hollow member that is fitted into the drainage drain so as to be exposed at a predetermined height from the surface of the waterproof layer. The said drainage drain is provided with the cover of the shape where a planting or aquatic animal does not flow into a drain outlet, The water storage apparatus for planting facilities of Claim 5 characterized by the above-mentioned.

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