JP2005188000A - Short fiber for nonwoven fabric and short fiber nonwoven fabric - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a short fiber for nonwoven fabric capable of preventing the formation of the lump of fibers caused by the generation of static electricity with the friction between the fiber-fiber and fiber-machine in specifically the production process of a dry type nonwoven fabric without imparting a specific treating agent on the fiber surface and capable of obtaining the nonwoven fabric excellent in uniform property, having a high quality and sufficient in bulkiness. <P>SOLUTION: This short fiber of a composite fiber consisting of a polyester consisting mainly of ≥2 kinds alkylene terephthalate units having different intrinsic viscosities having 1.0-30 mm fiber length and 0.3-40 dtex single fiber fineness and imparted with crimping is provided with that the crimped form of the single fiber is characterized by having, in the maximum mountain part of the crimped part, a ratio (H/L) of a height (H) to a bottom side (L) of a triangle obtained by tying the top of the mountain part with adjacent 2 bottom points of valley parts satisfies the following formula (1): 0.01T+0.10≤H/L≤0.02T+0.25; wherein T is a number of dtex of single fiber fineness. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention is a short fiber used in a nonwoven fabric such as a dry nonwoven fabric or a wet nonwoven fabric, and in the nonwoven fabric manufacturing process, web formation such as air flow, feeding of a short fiber by a card machine, dispersion, defibration, lamination process, etc. The present invention relates to a short fiber for a nonwoven fabric having an appropriate crimped form in which no fiber lump is formed in the process and having a latent crimp performance capable of expressing crimp by heat treatment, and a short fiber nonwoven fabric comprising the short fiber for nonwoven fabric. It is.

  In various fields including the sanitary materials field, short fibers made of thermoplastic resin such as polyester, polyamide, polyolefin, etc. are used and dispersed uniformly. Adhesion with binder resin, adhesion with hot air, pressure bonding with hot roll, high pressure Dry and wet nonwoven fabrics obtained by water flow or entanglement with metal needles are used.

  In the case of obtaining a dry nonwoven fabric using such short fibers, especially in the airlaid method, the fibers are defibrated and transported in a flow of air, passed through a screen having a wire mesh or pores, and then on a wire mesh. However, in the process of defibrating, transporting, dispersing, and laminating short fibers, the friction between fibers and fibers and fibers and metals is large, and static electricity is easily generated. The problem of being apt to occur.

  When a fiber lump is formed, the passability in each process deteriorates and the operability is deteriorated. In addition, even in the obtained non-woven fabric, the accumulated fibers become non-uniform, resulting in a non-uniform non-woven fabric, and the product quality is remarkably lowered. .

  Today, many functional thermoplastic resins are used to differentiate products such as higher grades and higher functionality, including those that require low-temperature processing, thermoplastic resins with high tackiness, etc. As compared with the conventional fiber, a fiber having a greater fiber-fiber friction and fiber-metal friction is used. In addition, in order to improve manufacturing processing efficiency, the processing speed is increased. Due to these factors, the amount of static electricity generated in the manufacturing process by the airlaid method is increased, and the generation of fiber mass is also increased.

  In order to solve such problems, it is effective to attach a fiber treatment agent such as a finishing oil agent that imparts antistatic properties and smoothness to the fiber surface. As finishing oils that impart smoothness and antistatic properties, fats mainly composed of wax or fatty acids and quaternary ammonium salts containing long-chain alkyl groups are widely used. However, although these fats can impart antistatic properties to some extent, they cannot impart sufficient smoothness.

  On the other hand, a silicone-based finishing oil agent is known as a fiber finishing oil agent that imparts excellent smoothness. For example, fibers and fiber cords provided with dimethylsiloxane emulsion polymer, amine-modified silicone, etc. have been proposed (for example, (See Patent Document 1.)

  However, both the dimethylsiloxane emulsion polymer and the amine-modified silicone are not sufficiently imparted with antistatic properties, and further, there is a problem that the hydrophilicity is inhibited and the fiber and the obtained product are yellowed. Moreover, these are not short fibers but long fibers (fiber cords), and cannot solve the problems caused by the generation of static electricity in the manufacturing process of the nonwoven fabric.

  Further, as a fiber imparted with smoothness, antistatic property and hydrophilicity, a highly smooth fiber treated with a mixture of an alkyl phosphate salt and an amide group-containing polyoxyalkylene-modified silicone composition has been proposed. (For example, see Patent Document 2.)

  However, this fiber also imparts smoothness and antistatic properties by using a special treatment agent, and there is a problem that it is disadvantageous in terms of operability and cost. In addition, there are various needs for the obtained nonwoven fabric, and various treatments are performed for the purpose of imparting high functionality to the nonwoven fabric, so that the resulting nonwoven fabric may be discolored or colored by the treatment agent applied to the fibers. There were problems and quality was insufficient.

Japanese Patent Publication No. 48-1480 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-67772

  The present invention solves the above problems and generates static electricity due to friction between fibers and fibers or between fibers and machines, particularly in the production process of a dry nonwoven fabric, without applying a special treatment agent to the fiber surface. The short fiber for a nonwoven fabric and the short fiber nonwoven fabric containing the short fiber, which can prevent the generation of fiber mass due to the above, can obtain a nonwoven fabric excellent in uniformity, high quality and sufficient bulkiness It is a technical challenge to provide

The present inventors have reached the present invention as a result of intensive studies to solve the above problems.
That is, the gist of the present invention is the following (a) and (b).
(A) A composite fiber composed of two or more kinds of polyesters having different intrinsic viscosities, which is a short fiber having a fiber length of 1.0 to 30 mm, a single yarn fineness of 0.3 to 40 dtex, and crimped. The ratio of the height (H) to the base (L) of the triangle connecting the top of the peak and the bottom of the valley adjacent to the peak at the maximum peak of the crimp at the crimped portion of the yarn (H / L) ) Satisfies the following formula (1).
(1) Formula: 0.01T + 0.10 ≦ H / L ≦ 0.02T + 0.25
T is a short fiber nonwoven fabric characterized by containing 30% by mass or more of the short fibers for nonwoven fabric described in the dtex number (b) (a) of the single yarn fineness.

  Since the short fiber for nonwoven fabric of the present invention satisfies a specific crimped form, it does not give a special treatment agent to the fiber surface, and is caused by generation of static electricity due to friction between fibers and fibers and between fibers and machines. Generation of fiber masses can be prevented, and further, since static electricity can be kept between fibers (for) and fiber entanglement can be prevented, it is suitable as a short fiber for dry nonwoven fabrics and wet nonwoven fabrics. And since the short fiber for nonwoven fabrics of this invention has latent crimp performance, it becomes possible to make a nonwoven fabric excellent in bulkiness by expressing crimps by heat treatment after making the nonwoven fabric. .

  Furthermore, since the short fiber nonwoven fabric of the present invention contains the short fiber for nonwoven fabric of the present invention, both the dry nonwoven fabric and the wet nonwoven fabric have excellent uniformity, high quality, and sufficient bulkiness. Yes, it can be used for various purposes.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.
When a dry nonwoven fabric is obtained, particularly when it is produced by the airlaid method, static electricity is generated more. As an apparatus used in this airlaid method, for example, as disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-9813, a plurality of rotating cylinders are housed in a housing, and these cylinders are rotated at a high speed to positively move to the periphery of the cylinder. An apparatus that can generate an air flow and blow the fiber component in a predetermined direction by the air flow can be mentioned. In the web formation by the airlaid method (short fiber defibration, transport, dispersion, and lamination processes), the air flow is actively generated, so that the fibers are rubbed with each other. The generation of static electricity also increases due to friction with the (metal member).

  The short fiber of the present invention generates a static electricity due to friction between the fibers and between the fibers and the metal in each step of the web formation (defibration, conveyance, dispersion, lamination process) by making the fiber shape specific. It is difficult to accumulate the generated static electricity, and the short fibers are aggregated to form a fiber lump.

  When considering the problem of static electricity as described above, the more the number of crimps and the larger or stronger the crimps are applied, the easier it is to store electricity in terms of shape. That is, if the fiber is crimped, it exhibits a three-dimensional solid shape, so that static electricity tends to accumulate as the three-dimensional space portion increases. On the other hand, as the flat state without crimping becomes flat, it becomes more flat and less likely to accumulate static electricity. However, the number of contact points (surfaces) between fibers or between fibers and metal increases, and the generation of static electricity due to friction increases. .

  When considering the bulkiness, the bulkiness of the nonwoven fabric obtained decreases as the flat state without crimping decreases. On the other hand, the more the crimp is applied, the higher the bulkiness of the resulting nonwoven fabric, but the higher the bulkiness of the fibers. It tends to be a nonwoven fabric with poor uniformity.

  Moreover, the problem of static electricity and fiber entanglement, and the texture (bulkness and flexibility) of the resulting nonwoven fabric are also affected by the single yarn fineness. That is, in the problem of static electricity, static electricity is generated by contact between fibers or between a fiber and a metal, and thus the single yarn fineness factor that determines the size of the contact point and the contact surface is large. Further, since a three-dimensional solid shape is formed by crimping, the single yarn fineness is a factor that affects the size of the space portion, and is a factor that determines the degree of static electricity and the degree of fiber entanglement.

  Therefore, the present inventors considered these factors in consideration and made the above-mentioned effect (static electricity, fiber entanglement) particularly by adopting a three-dimensional shape to which a specific crimp was considered in consideration of the single yarn fineness. And the improvement of the texture of the nonwoven fabric was found to be improved.

  First, the short fiber for nonwoven fabric of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 1, in the crimped form of a single yarn, the apex P of the peak in the maximum peak of the crimped part, and the bottom point Q of the adjacent valley, A triangle is formed by connecting two points R, and the ratio (H / L) of the height (H) to the base (L) of the triangle satisfies the following expression (1). In particular, when a dry nonwoven fabric is obtained by the airlaid method, the ratio (H / L) of the height (H) of the triangle to the base (L) is preferably set to the formula (6).

Here, when there are a plurality of peak portions in the fiber length of the short fiber of the present invention, the maximum peak portion means the one having the highest peak height (H).
(1) Formula: 0.01T + 0.10 ≦ H / L ≦ 0.02T + 0.25
(6) Formula: 0.01T + 0.10 ≦ H / L ≦ 0.02T + 0.2

  In order to express the degree of crimp, the crimp rate is generally used, but the method for measuring the crimp rate is obtained from the difference in length between when a load is applied and when there is no load. However, in the present invention, even if the expression (3) that defines the crimping rate described later is satisfied, the crimping is such that the space part of the three-dimensional shape becomes large in some crimped parts in the fiber. If there is a part where the area is large, it is easy to accumulate static electricity, and the fibers tend to be entangled. Therefore, as specified in Equation (1), by specifying the shape at the maximum peak as a crimped shape, the size of the space portion due to crimping is specified, so that static electricity and fiber entanglement It is possible to prevent the generation of fiber lumps due to.

  When H / L is too large, the space portion becomes large in the three-dimensional shape of the fiber, and static electricity is easily accumulated, and the fiber becomes entangled easily. On the other hand, if H / L is too small, the shape of the fiber is almost flat, and the number of contact points (surfaces) between the fibers or between the fiber and the metal increases. It is not preferable. Moreover, the obtained nonwoven fabric tends to be poor in bulkiness.

  In addition, the measurement of H / L is as follows. First, 1 g of short fibers are collected, and 20 single fibers are arbitrarily extracted therefrom. Then, an enlarged photograph (about 10 times) is taken with respect to the taken out single fiber, and as described above from the photograph, two points of the bottom points Q and R of the valley part adjacent to the peak part P at the peak part are adjacent to the maximum peak part. A triangle is formed, and the height (H) and the base (L) of the triangle are measured, and the ratio (H / L) is calculated. In this way, 20 single fibers are measured and the average value is taken.

  Next, the short fiber of the present invention preferably satisfies the formula (2): 0.1T + 3.8 ≦ crimp number ≦ 0.3T + 7.3 [T is the number of dtex of the single yarn fineness]. The number of crimps is measured and calculated based on JIS L1015 8.12.1. In addition, when the fiber length is short in the measurement of the number of crimps, it is measured on the fiber before cutting after the crimping and is converted into the number per 25 mm fiber length.

  If the number of crimps is higher than that in equation (2), the number of crimped portions that become space portions due to a three-dimensional solid shape increases, and the short fibers are fed, dispersed, defibrated, and laminated between the fibers in the air flow. The generated static electricity is easily accumulated, and the fibers are easily entangled with each other. On the other hand, when the value is lower than the expression (2), the crimped portion is reduced, so that the shape of the fiber is almost flat, and the number of contact points (surfaces) between the fibers or between the fiber and the metal increases, so that static electricity is easily generated. This is not preferable because a fiber-like fiber lump is formed. Moreover, the obtained nonwoven fabric will be lacking in bulkiness.

  Furthermore, it is preferable that the short fiber for nonwoven fabric of the present invention satisfies the following formula (3): 0.8T + 0.3 ≦ crimp rate ≦ 1.0T + 4.9 [T is the decitex (dtex number of single yarn fineness)]. This crimp rate is measured and calculated based on JIS L1015 8.12.2. In addition, when the fiber length is short in the measurement of the crimp rate, it is difficult to measure, and after the crimp is applied, the fiber is measured before being cut and converted to the number per 25 mm fiber length.

  When the crimping rate is higher than that of Equation (3), the space portion due to the three-dimensional solid shape increases or increases, and static electricity generated between the fibers in the process of feeding, dispersing, defibrating, and laminating short fibers in the air flow. In addition, the fibers are easily entangled with each other. On the other hand, when the value is lower than the expression (3), the shape of the fiber becomes almost flat, and the contact points (surfaces) between the fibers or between the fiber and the metal increase, so that static electricity is likely to occur, and the ball-like fiber lump. Is not preferable. Moreover, the obtained nonwoven fabric will be lacking in bulkiness.

In terms of the number of crimps and the crimp rate, it is preferable to satisfy the formula (7) for the number of crimps and the formula (8) for the crimp rate, particularly when a dry nonwoven fabric is obtained by the airlaid method.
(7) Formula: 0.1T + 4.8 ≦ crimp number ≦ 0.3T + 6.6
(8) Formula: 0.8T + 1.2 ≦ crimp rate ≦ 1.0T + 2.8
The short fiber of the present invention has a fiber length of 1.0 to 30 mm, and a more preferable fiber length is 2 to 25 mm, more preferably 5 to 15 mm. The single yarn fineness is preferably 0.3 to 40 dtex, more preferably 0.5 to 33 dtex, and even more preferably 1.0 to 25 dtex. The fiber length is measured based on the JIS L1015 8.4.1A method, and the single yarn fineness is measured based on the JIS L1015 8.5.1B method.

  The short fiber of the present invention is a composite fiber composed of two or more kinds of polyesters having different intrinsic viscosities. The difference in intrinsic viscosity of each polyester is a difference in heat shrinkage characteristics, and fine crimps are manifested by heat treatment. It has a potential crimp performance.

  Each polyester constituting the conjugate fiber of the present invention is preferably made of a polyester mainly composed of alkylene terephthalate units. Specifically, the polyester mainly composed of alkylene terephthalate units is polyethylene terephthalate (PET). And polybutylene terephthalate (PBT). Among them, PET is preferable.

  In addition, these polyesters may be copolymerized polyesters obtained by copolymerizing one or more of the following copolymerization components as required, and the intrinsic viscosity may be adjusted by the type of copolymerization component and the amount of copolymerization. it can.

  Examples of the copolymer component include terephthalic acid, isophthalic acid, cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid, adipic acid, sebacic acid, bisphenol S, bisphenol A, cyclohexanedimethanol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,6-hexanediol, diethylene glycol, Examples include polyethylene glycol.

  Moreover, it is preferable to use 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide (HCA) or itaconic acid (IA) as a copolymerization component, either one of HCA and IA, or By making polyester which copolymerized both, a flame retardance can be provided to the composite fiber of this invention.

  Furthermore, in the polyester, in a range not impairing its effect, matting agents such as titanium oxide, antioxidants such as hindered phenol compounds, ultraviolet absorbers, light stabilizers, pigments, flame retardants, antibacterial agents, A conductivity-imparting agent, a hydrophilic agent, a water-absorbing agent and the like may be blended.

  In the conjugate fiber of the present invention, it has latent crimping performance by using two or more kinds of polyesters having different intrinsic viscosities, but the kind of polyester is not particularly limited as long as it is two or more kinds. As for the composite form, various forms such as a concentric circular core sheath shape, an eccentric core sheath shape, a bonded shape such as a side-by-side shape and a multilayer shape, and a sea island shape are exemplified.

  And the composite ratio of 2 or more types of polyester will not be specifically limited if latent crimping performance can be provided, and when using 2 types of polyester, it is 20 / 80-80 / 20 by mass ratio. It is preferable that

  The composite fiber of the present invention is preferably a composite fiber having a shape in which two types of polyester A and polyester B having different intrinsic viscosities are bonded together in the cross-sectional shape of the fiber, and a mass ratio of 30/70 to 70 / The thing of the shape bonded by the side-by-side type | mold by 30 is preferable. Furthermore, the intrinsic viscosity difference between polyester A and polyester B is preferably about 0.05 to 0.25.

  As examples of these two types of polyester A and polyester B, two examples of preferred combinations are shown below.

  First, it is preferable to use PET obtained by copolymerizing polyethylene terephthalate (PET) as polyester A and 3 to 6 mol% of isophthalic acid (IPA) as polyester B. Among them, 5-sodium sulfoisophthalic acid (SIP) is preferable as isophthalic acid. When the copolymerization amount of isophthalic acid is less than 3 mol%, the intrinsic viscosity difference from polyester A does not increase, and the latent crimp performance tends to be insufficient. On the other hand, when it exceeds 6 mol%, the melting point of the polyester is lowered, and it is difficult to obtain a composite fiber.

  Polyester A is preferably polyethylene terephthalate (PET), and polyester B is preferably PET obtained by copolymerizing 1 to 9 mol% of IPA and 2 to 5 mol% of bisphenol A ethylene oxide adduct (BAEO). When the copolymerization amount of IPA is less than 1 mol% or the copolymerization amount of BAEO is less than 2 mol%, the intrinsic viscosity difference from polyester A does not increase, and the latent crimp performance tends to be insufficient. On the other hand, if IPA exceeds 9 mol% or the copolymerization amount of BAEO exceeds 5 mol%, the melting point of the polyester is lowered, making it difficult to obtain a conjugate fiber, or the strength of the resulting conjugate fiber is reduced. To do.

  BAEO is preferably one obtained by adding 2 to 10 moles of ethylene oxide to 1 mole of bisphenol A, and more preferably 2 to 5 moles.

The latent crimp performance of the short fiber of the present invention is the following formulas (4) and (5): Are preferably satisfied at the same time. Note that the number of crimps and the crimp rate are measured in the same manner as the above equations (2) and (3).
(4) Formula: -0.5T + 35≤crimp number≤-2.4T + 130
(5) Formula: -0.3T + 40≤crimp rate≤-0.8T + 80
However, (the number of crimps per 25 mm fiber length) T is the number of decitex (dtex) of the single yarn fineness

  The short fiber of the present invention exhibits the latent crimp as described above, and this latent crimp is not manifested in the process of producing the fiber, and also in the process of producing the nonwoven web. Since shrinkage does not occur, process passability is not deteriorated. And it becomes possible to set it as the nonwoven fabric which was excellent in bulkiness and unique texture by heat-processing to the obtained nonwoven fabric web.

  Although some latent crimp is developed during heat treatment such as when heat treatment is performed to melt the binder component on the web, the temperature is 160 to 180 ° C. after both the dry nonwoven fabric and the wet nonwoven fabric are obtained. The latent crimp is sufficiently developed by performing a drying heat treatment for about 5 to 15 minutes.

  And, when the number of crimps is larger than the formula (4) or the crimp rate is higher than the formula (5), the latent crimps are excessively expressed by the heat treatment after obtaining the nonwoven fabric, and the shrinkage of the nonwoven fabric is increased. Or undesirable uniformity. On the other hand, if the number of crimps is less than in formula (4) or the crimp rate is lower than in formula (5), the occurrence of latent crimps due to heat treatment after making the nonwoven fabric becomes insufficient, and bulkiness is not imparted. It tends to be enough.

  Further, the cross-sectional shape of the conjugate fiber of the present invention is not particularly limited, and is not limited to a round shape, but is a flat shape, a trilobal shape, a hexaloval shape, a W shape, an H shape, etc., or a polygonal shape such as a rectangle or a triangle. A shape or a hollow shape may be used.

  The short fiber for nonwoven fabric of the present invention may be used for either the main fiber or the binder fiber when making the nonwoven fabric, but it is preferably used as the main fiber.

  And when using as a main fiber, it is preferable that melting | fusing point of polyester which forms the short fiber of this invention shall be 220 degreeC or more. When the melting point of the polyester is less than 220 ° C., the main fiber may be melted or thermally deteriorated in the heat treatment step when the binder fiber is melted. On the other hand, the upper limit of the melting point is not particularly limited. However, when the polyester is used as described above, it is preferably 220 to 280 ° C.

  And the short fiber for nonwoven fabrics of this invention may be used for any of a dry nonwoven fabric and a wet nonwoven fabric, and in a dry nonwoven fabric, it is suitable when manufacturing especially by the airlaid method. According to the airlaid method, it is possible to easily obtain a non-woven fabric only by bonding with hot air, and it is possible to omit a bonding process using a binder resin or a pressure bonding process using a hot roll, which is advantageous in terms of cost.

  Furthermore, the short fiber for nonwoven fabric of this invention can be used suitably also for manufacture of a wet nonwoven fabric. As described above, the short fiber of the present invention can prevent the generation of fiber mass due to the generation of static electricity due to the friction between fiber and fiber or between fiber and machine, particularly in the production process of dry nonwoven fabric. Even in wet nonwoven fabrics, the dispersion of single fibers is good, and since there are few contact points (surfaces) between single fibers, it is difficult for fibers to converge, so that it is possible to obtain a wet nonwoven fabric with excellent uniformity and sufficient bulkiness it can.

  Next, the short fiber nonwoven fabric of the present invention will be described. The short fiber nonwoven fabric of this invention contains 30 mass% or more of the above short fibers for nonwoven fabrics of this invention. By containing 30% by mass or more of the short fiber of the present invention, it has a unique texture excellent in bulkiness. When the short fiber of the present invention is less than 30% by mass, the texture of the nonwoven fabric is poor in bulkiness.

  In the nonwoven fabric of the present invention, the staple fiber of the present invention may be either a main fiber or a binder fiber, and both the main fiber and the binder fiber may be the short fiber of the present invention. It is preferable to contain 30% by mass or more of the short fiber of the present invention. Furthermore, it is preferable to contain 45 mass% or more of the short fiber of the present invention as a main fiber, and more preferably 60 mass% or more.

  In addition, it is preferable to use the fiber which consists of polyester whose melting | fusing point or flow start temperature is 30 degreeC or more lower than a main fiber as a binder fiber.

  The short fiber nonwoven fabric of the present invention may be either a dry nonwoven fabric or a wet nonwoven fabric. Moreover, if the short fiber of this invention is contained 30 mass% or more, a fabric weight etc. will not be limited.

  When the short fiber nonwoven fabric of the present invention is a dry nonwoven fabric, particularly when it is obtained by the airlaid method, it is possible to prevent the generation of fiber lumps due to static electricity or fiber entanglement, so that the dry nonwoven fabric excellent in uniformity and bulkiness Become.

  When the short fiber nonwoven fabric of the present invention is a wet nonwoven fabric, the dispersion of single fibers is good, and there are few contact points (surfaces) between the single fibers, so that the fibers do not converge, and the uniformity and bulkiness are sufficient. It becomes a wet nonwoven fabric.

  Next, the manufacturing method of the short fiber for nonwoven fabrics of this invention is demonstrated using an example. Two types of polyesters having different intrinsic viscosities are subjected to compound spinning using a commonly used compound spinning apparatus, and are temporarily wound up without stretching. The obtained undrawn yarn is converged to form a tow of about 1 to 100 ktex, and hot drawn at a draw ratio of 2 to 6 times and a temperature of about 20 to 90 ° C. And after providing a crimp with an indentation type crimper, a finishing oil agent is provided as needed, and it cuts into desired fiber length, and obtains the short fiber of this invention.

  In order to satisfy the crimping form defined in the present invention, the stretching conditions (magnification, temperature) and crimping conditions (nip pressure, staffin pressure) in a crimping apparatus such as a push-in crimper are appropriately changed. This can be done.

  Next, about the manufacturing method of the short fiber nonwoven fabric of this invention, each of a dry-type nonwoven fabric and a wet nonwoven fabric is demonstrated using an example.

  First, in the case of a dry nonwoven fabric, using the simple airlaid tester shown in FIG. 3, the short fiber of the present invention is fed as the main fiber and the other fiber as the binder fiber from the sample loading blower 13, and the defibrating blade rotating motor 15 is used. Each set of five first defibrating blades 11 and second defibrating wings 12 rotating via the defibrating blade rotating sprocket 16 is defibrated and scattered and dropped. The falling short fibers are sucked by the suction box 14 at the lower part and deposited on the cotton collecting conveyor 17 moving in the direction of the arrow to create a web, and heat treated by a heat treatment machine 18 downstream [heat treatment temperature: binder. The fiber (melting point or flow starting temperature) + about 10 ° C.] is applied to obtain a dry nonwoven fabric. The basis weight adjustment of the nonwoven fabric is performed by changing the moving speed of the cotton collection conveyor 17.

  In the fibers of the present invention, most of the latent crimps are manifested by subjecting the obtained nonwoven fabric to heat treatment at 160 to 180 ° C. for about 5 to 15 minutes with a box dryer.

  Moreover, in the case of a wet nonwoven fabric, the staple fiber of the present invention is put into the pulp disintegrator as the main fiber and the other fiber as the binder fiber is stirred. Thereafter, the obtained sample is transferred to a paper machine, and after adding a dispersion oil mainly composed of an alkyl phosphate metal salt, stirring is performed with an accompanying stirring blade to make paper, thereby obtaining a wet nonwoven web. This paper-made wet nonwoven web is heat-treated with a hot air dryer [heat treatment temperature: binder fiber (melting point or flow start temperature) + 10 ° C. or so] to obtain a wet nonwoven fabric.

  In the fibers of the present invention, most of the latent crimps are manifested by subjecting the obtained nonwoven fabric to heat treatment at 160 to 180 ° C. for about 5 to 15 minutes with a box dryer.

Next, the present invention will be specifically described with reference to examples. In addition, the measuring method of each characteristic value in an Example is as follows.
(1) Flow start temperature Using a flotester (Shimadzu Corporation CFT-500 type), the temperature was raised at a rate of 10 ° C./min from an initial temperature of 50 ° C. under a load of 100 kgf / cm ² and a nozzle diameter of 0.5 mm. The temperature was determined as the temperature at which the polymer began to flow out of the die.
(2) Melting point The temperature which gives the extreme value of the melting absorption curve measured with a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC7 manufactured by Perkin Elmer Co., Ltd.) at a temperature rising rate of 20 ° C./min was defined as the melting point.
(3) Intrinsic viscosity Measured at a temperature of 20 ° C. using an equal mass mixture of phenol and ethane tetrachloride as a solvent.
(4) Fineness, fiber length, H / L of crimped portion, number of crimps, crimp rate Measured and calculated by the above method.
(5) Formation of fiber masses The short fibers obtained were evaluated for the production of fiber masses using the simple air flow agitator of FIG. 100 g of short fibers are pre-defibrated by a cotton sacking machine, and then introduced into the stirring tank 1 by an air flow from the sample feeding blower 3, and an air flow of 20 m / second is blown from the stirring blower 2 to the inside of the stirring tank 1. For 1 minute. 0.1 g of the fiber after stirring was collected from the sampling port 5 and spread on black paper, and the presence or absence of an independent fiber mass was visually evaluated.
○: No fiber lump is generated Δ: A small amount of fiber lump is generated x: A large amount of fiber lump is generated (6) Uniformity and bulkiness of the nonwoven fabric <dry nonwoven fabric>
-Uniformity-
The state of uniformity of the obtained dry nonwoven fabric (after developing latent crimps) was visually observed, and the three-stage evaluation was performed as follows.
○: Fully defibrated and uniform △: Partially undefibrated part ×: Incomplete defibration and non-uniformity-Bulkiness-
The obtained dry nonwoven fabric (after developing the latent crimp) was cut into 20 cm × 20 cm to prepare a sample, and 10 cm of the samples were stacked and an acrylic plate (370 g) of 25 cm × 25 cm × 5 mm was placed on top of 1 kg. The center height of each of the four sides of the lower surface of the acrylic plate was measured, and the three-level evaluation was performed as follows according to the average value of the four points.
○: The height is 25.0 mm or more Δ: The height is 15.0 mm or more and less than 25.0 mm ×: The height is less than 15.0 mm <wet nonwoven fabric>
-Uniformity-
The state of uniformity of the obtained wet nonwoven fabric (after latent crimps were developed) was visually observed, and the three-stage evaluation was performed as follows.
○: Sufficiently dispersed and uniform Δ: Partially poorly dispersed portion ×: Insufficient dispersion and non-uniformity-bulkyness-
The obtained wet non-woven fabric (after the latent crimp was developed) was cut into 20 cm × 20 cm to obtain a sample, and 10 cm of the samples were stacked on top of which an acrylic plate (370 g) of 25 cm × 25 cm × 5 mm was placed, and 1 kg was placed thereon. The center height of each of the four sides of the lower surface of the acrylic plate was measured, and the three-level evaluation was performed as follows according to the average value of the four points.
○: The height is 20.0 mm or more Δ: The height is 12.0 mm or more and less than 20.0 mm ×: The height is less than 12.0 mm

Example 1
As polyester A, a PET having a melting point of 256 ° C. and an intrinsic viscosity of 0.64 is used, and as polyester B, a copolymer PET having a melting point of 243 ° C. and an intrinsic viscosity of 0.47 obtained by copolymerizing 4.5 mol% of SIP is used. Using a compound melt spinning apparatus, spinning was performed with a nozzle having a round cross section with 1390 holes under the conditions of a spinning temperature of 290 ° C., a discharge rate of 903 g / min, and a spinning speed of 1170 m / min to obtain an undrawn yarn. Polyester A and polyester B were side-by-side bonded composite fibers having a mass ratio of 1/1.
The resulting undrawn yarn was focused on a 12.3 ktex tow, and then drawn at a draw ratio of 2.52 times and a draw temperature of 65 ° C., and a crimping condition was applied by a push-in crimper with a nip pressure of 0.33 MPa and a staffin pressure. Crimping was given as 0.10 MPa. Then, after applying a commonly used spinning oil mainly composed of polyoxyethylene alkyl ether as a finishing oil so as to become 0.2%, the fiber is cut to a short fiber having a single yarn fineness of 2.2 dtex and a fiber length of 5 mm. Got. The obtained short fibers had 6.2 crimps / 25 mm and a crimp rate of 5.0%.
A dry nonwoven fabric having a basis weight of 50 g / m ² was obtained from the obtained short fibers using a simple airlaid tester shown in FIG. The short fibers obtained as the main fibers were used, the binder fibers shown in Reference Example 1 were used, and the main fibers and the binder fibers had a mass ratio (main fibers / binder fibers) of 60/40.
First, the main fibers and binder fibers input from the sample input blower 13 are rotated by the defibrating blade rotating motor 15 via the defibrating blade rotating sprocket 16, and each set is disassembled by a set of five first defibrating blades 11 and second defibrating blades 12. It was spun and scattered and dropped. Falling short fibers are sucked by the suction box 14 at the lower part and deposited on a cotton collecting conveyor 17 that moves in the direction of the arrow to create a web, which is then heat treated by a heat treatment machine 18 downstream (heat treatment temperature). : 145 ° C.) to obtain a dry nonwoven fabric. At this time, the basis weight adjustment of the nonwoven fabric was performed by changing the moving speed of the cotton collecting conveyor 17.
Thereafter, the obtained dry nonwoven fabric was subjected to heat treatment at a temperature of 170 ° C. for 10 minutes with a box dryer to obtain a dry nonwoven fabric in which latent crimps of short fibers were expressed.

Examples 2-7, Comparative Examples 1-4
Except that the conditions for applying crimping with the indentation type crimper were variously changed as shown in Tables 1 and 2 and the crimping rate and the crimping rate shown in Tables 1 and 2 were used, the same procedure as in Example 1 was performed. To obtain short fibers. Further, a dry nonwoven fabric was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, and then the obtained dry nonwoven fabric was subjected to the same heat treatment as in Example 1 to obtain a dry nonwoven fabric in which latent crimps of short fibers were expressed.

Example 8
As polyester A, a PET having a melting point of 256 ° C. and an intrinsic viscosity of 0.68 was used. As polyester B, 4.0 mol% of IPA and 4.0 mol% of BAEO were copolymerized and had a melting point of 240 ° C. and an intrinsic viscosity of 0.70. Except for using a copolyester and spinning with a nozzle having a round cross section with 1390 holes under the conditions of a spinning temperature of 290 ° C., a discharge rate of 1116 g / min and a spinning speed of 1170 m / min, using an ordinary composite melt spinning apparatus. An undrawn yarn was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1.
The resulting undrawn yarn was focused on a 12.3 ktex tow, then drawn at a draw ratio of 3.12 times and a draw temperature of 65 ° C., and a crimping condition was applied by a push-in crimper with a nip pressure of 0.32 MPa and a staffin pressure. Crimping was given as 0.12 MPa. Then, after applying 0.2% of a commonly used spinning oil mainly composed of polyoxyethylene alkyl ether as a finishing oil, it was cut to obtain a short fiber having a single yarn fineness of 2.2 dtex and a fiber length of 5 mm. . The obtained short fibers had a crimp number of 6.0 pieces / 25 mm and a crimp rate of 4.9%.
Using the obtained short fibers, a dry nonwoven fabric was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1. Thereafter, the obtained dry nonwoven fabric was subjected to heat treatment at 170 ° C. for 10 minutes in a box dryer, and the potential of short fibers was obtained. A dry nonwoven fabric in which crimps were developed was obtained.

Example 9
As polyester A, a melting point of 256 ° C. and PET having an intrinsic viscosity of 0.64 are used, and as polyester B, a copolymer polyester having a melting point of 243 ° C. and an intrinsic viscosity of 0.47 obtained by copolymerizing 4.5 mol% of SIP is used. The same as in Example 1 except that the composite melt spinning apparatus was used for spinning with a round cross-section nozzle having 366 holes under the conditions of a spinning temperature of 290 ° C., a discharge rate of 1395 g / min, and a spinning speed of 900 m / min. A drawn yarn was obtained.
The resulting undrawn yarn was focused on a 14.2 ktex tow, then drawn at a draw ratio of 3.85 times and a draw temperature of 75 ° C., and a crimping condition was applied by a push-in crimper with a nip pressure of 0.35 MPa and a staffin pressure. Crimping was given as 0.28 MPa. Thereafter, 0.2% of a commonly used spinning oil mainly composed of polyoxyethylene alkyl ether as a finishing oil was applied, and then cut to obtain a short fiber having a single yarn fineness of 11 dtex and a fiber length of 5 mm. The obtained short fibers had a number of crimps of 10.6 pieces / 25 mm and a crimp rate of 15.6%.
A dry nonwoven fabric was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the obtained short fiber was the main fiber and the fiber of Reference Example 2 was used as the binder fiber, and then the resulting dry nonwoven fabric was heat treated in the same manner as in Example 1. To obtain a dry nonwoven fabric in which the latent crimps of the short fibers were expressed.

Examples 10-14, Comparative Examples 5-8
Except that the conditions for imparting crimps with the push-in crimper were variously changed as shown in Tables 1 and 2 and the crimping rate and crimping rate shown in Tables 1 and 2 were changed, the same procedure as in Example 9 was performed. Short fibers were obtained. Further, a dry nonwoven fabric was obtained in the same manner as in Example 9, and the same heat treatment as in Example 9 was performed to obtain a dry nonwoven fabric in which latent crimps of short fibers were expressed.

Example 15
As polyester A, a melting point of 256 ° C. and PET having an intrinsic viscosity of 0.64 are used, and as polyester B, a copolymer polyester having a melting point of 243 ° C. and an intrinsic viscosity of 0.47 obtained by copolymerizing 4.5 mol% of SIP is used. The same as in Example 1 except that spinning was performed with a round cross-section nozzle having 180 holes under the conditions of a spinning temperature of 290 ° C., a discharge rate of 1283 g / min, and a spinning speed of 800 m / min. A drawn yarn was obtained.
The resulting undrawn yarn was focused on a 14.2 ktex tow, then drawn at a draw ratio of 4.50 times and a draw temperature of 75 ° C., and a crimping condition was applied by a push-in crimper with a nip pressure of 0.45 MPa and a staffin pressure. Crimping was given as 0.35 MPa. Thereafter, 0.2% of a commonly used spinning oil mainly composed of polyoxyethylene alkyl ether as a finishing oil was applied, and then cut to obtain a short fiber having a single yarn fineness of 22 dtex and a fiber length of 5 mm. The obtained short fibers had a crimp number of 13.7 / 25 mm and a crimp rate of 26.8%.
A dry nonwoven fabric was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the obtained short fiber was a main fiber and the fiber of Reference Example 3 was used as a binder fiber, and then the resulting dry nonwoven fabric was heat treated in the same manner as in Example 1. To obtain a dry nonwoven fabric in which the latent crimps of the short fibers were expressed.

Examples 16-20, Comparative Examples 9-12
Except that the conditions for imparting crimps with a push-in crimper were variously changed as shown in Tables 1 and 2 and the crimping rate and crimping rate shown in Tables 1 and 2 were changed, the same procedure as in Example 15 was performed. Short fibers were obtained. Further, a dry nonwoven fabric was obtained in the same manner as in Example 15, and the same heat treatment as in Example 15 was performed to obtain a dry nonwoven fabric in which latent crimps of short fibers were expressed.

Examples 21-22, Comparative Examples 13-14
Short fibers were obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the fiber length at the time of cutting was changed to the fiber lengths shown in Tables 1 and 2. Further, a dry nonwoven fabric was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, and the same heat treatment as in Example 1 was performed to obtain a dry nonwoven fabric in which latent crimps of short fibers were expressed.

Comparative Example 15,
As the polyester, a PET having a melting point of 256 ° C. and an intrinsic viscosity of 0.61 is used. Using an ordinary melt spinning apparatus, the spinning temperature is 285 ° C., the discharge rate is 344 g / min, and the spinning speed is 950 m / min. Spinning was performed with a nozzle having a round cross section to obtain an undrawn yarn. The resulting undrawn yarn was focused on a 12.3 ktex tow, then drawn at a draw ratio of 3.18 times and a draw temperature of 70 ° C., and a crimping condition was applied by a push-in crimper with a nip pressure of 0.32 MPa and a staffin pressure. Crimping was given as 0.09 MPa. Then, after applying 0.2% of a commonly used spinning oil mainly composed of polyoxyethylene alkyl ether as a finishing oil, it was cut to obtain a short fiber having a single yarn fineness of 2.2 dtex and a fiber length of 5 mm. . The obtained short fibers had 6.1 crimps / 25 mm and a crimp ratio of 4.8%.
Further, a dry nonwoven fabric was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, and the same heat treatment as in Example 1 was performed to obtain a dry nonwoven fabric.

Reference example 1
As polyester A, PET having a melting point of 256 ° C. and an intrinsic viscosity of 0.61 was used, and as polymer B, a polyester obtained by copolymerizing 33 mol% of isophthalic acid (IPA) having a flow start temperature of 130 ° C. and an intrinsic viscosity of 0.57 was used. . Using a composite spinning apparatus, polyester A as a core, polymer B as a sheath component, a core-sheath mass ratio of 1/1, a spinning temperature of 280 ° C., a discharge rate of 446 g / min, and a spinning speed of 1170 m / min Then, spinning was performed with a nozzle having a round cross section with 560 holes to obtain an undrawn yarn. The resulting undrawn yarn was focused on a 12.3 ktex tow, and then drawn at a draw ratio of 3.09 times and a draw temperature of 60 ° C., and a crimping condition was applied by a push-in crimper with a nip pressure of 0.39 MPa and a staffin pressure. Crimping was given as 0.07 MPa. Then, after applying 0.2% of a commonly used spinning oil mainly composed of polyoxyethylene alkyl ether as a finishing oil, it was cut to obtain a short fiber having a single yarn fineness of 2.2 dtex and a fiber length of 5 mm. . The obtained short fibers had a crimp number of 6.0 pieces / 25 mm and a crimp rate of 4.6%.

Reference example 2
Using the same polyester A and polymer B as in Reference Example 1, using a composite spinning apparatus, using polyester A as the core, polymer B as the sheath component, and a core-sheath mass ratio of 1/1, a spinning temperature of 280 Spinning was performed with a nozzle having a round cross section with 65 holes, under the conditions of ° C., discharge rate of 268 g / min, and spinning speed of 1100 m / min to obtain an undrawn yarn. The resulting undrawn yarn was focused on a 14.3 ktex tow, then drawn at a draw ratio of 3.41 times and a draw temperature of 60 ° C., and a crimping condition was applied by a push-in crimper with a nip pressure of 0.47 MPa and a staffin pressure. Crimping was given as 0.15 MPa. Thereafter, 0.2% of a commonly used spinning oil mainly composed of polyoxyethylene alkyl ether was applied as a finishing oil, and then cut to obtain short fibers having a single yarn fineness of 11 dtex and a fiber length of 5 mm. The obtained short fibers had a crimp number of 10.5 pieces / 25 mm and a crimp rate of 15.8%.

Reference example 3
The same polyester A and polymer B as in Reference Example 1, polyester A as the core, polymer B as the sheath component and a compound spinning device, spinning temperature of 280 ° C., discharge rate of 428 g / min, spinning speed of 750 m / min Then, spinning was performed with a nozzle having a round cross section with 65 holes to obtain an undrawn yarn. The resulting undrawn yarn was focused on a 14.3 ktex tow, then drawn at a draw ratio of 3.99 times and a draw temperature of 60 ° C., and a crimping condition was applied by a push-in crimper with a nip pressure of 0.53 MPa and a staffin pressure. Crimping was given as 0.20 MPa. Thereafter, 0.2% of a commonly used spinning oil mainly composed of polyoxyethylene alkyl ether was applied as a finishing oil, and then cut to obtain a short fiber having a single yarn fineness of 22 dtex and a fiber length of 5 mm. The obtained short fibers had a crimp number of 13.7 / 25 mm and a crimp rate of 26.8%.

Reference examples 4 and 5
The short fiber was obtained in the same manner as in Reference Example 1 except that the conditions for imparting crimps with an indentation type crimper were changed as shown in Table 2 and the number of crimps and the crimp rate shown in Table 2 were used. .

  Tables 1 and 2 show measured values and evaluation results of the short fibers obtained in Examples 1 to 22, Comparative Examples 1 to 15, and Reference Examples 1 to 5. In addition, Tables 1 and 2 show the evaluation results of the uniformity and bulkiness of the dry nonwoven fabric (after developing latent crimps) containing these short fibers.

As is clear from Tables 1 and 2, the short fibers of Examples 1 to 22 had an H / L ratio satisfying the formula (1), and therefore, in particular, Examples 1 to 5, 8 to 12, and 15 Since the short fibers of -18, 21-22 satisfy the formulas (1) to (5), they do not generate static electricity or static electricity, and do not generate fiber mass. Excellent shrinkage performance. For this reason, the dry nonwoven fabric containing these short fibers was excellent in uniformity and bulkiness.
On the other hand, since the H / L ratio of the short fibers of Comparative Examples 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, and 11 is larger than the range of the formula (1), all of them easily accumulate static electricity, and the fibers are entangled. A ball-shaped fiber mass was formed. Therefore, the dry nonwoven fabric containing these short fibers is inhomogeneous and inferior in quality.

  Moreover, since the H / L ratio of the short fibers of Comparative Examples 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, and 12 is smaller than the range of the formula (1), the contact points (surfaces) between the fibers and between the fibers and the machine. ), The generation of static electricity increased, and a ball-like fiber lump was formed. For this reason, the dry nonwoven fabric containing these short fibers is non-uniform, inferior in quality, and has insufficient bulkiness.

  Moreover, since the short fiber of the comparative example 13 had too short fiber length, the close_contact | adherence of the fiber generate | occur | produced with the frictional heat at the time of fiber cutting, and the nonwoven fabric was not able to be obtained. Since the short fiber of Comparative Example 14 was too long, it was easy to accumulate static electricity, and also entangled with the fibers, resulting in a ball-like fiber lump. Therefore, the dry nonwoven fabric containing the short fibers was uneven and of a high quality. It was inferior.

  Since the short fiber of Comparative Example 15 was a single type of fiber made of one kind of polyester, there was no latent crimping performance. The nonwoven fabric was poor in bulkiness.

Examples 23-27, Comparative Examples 16-20
The short fibers of Examples 1 to 5, Comparative Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Example 15 are the main fibers, and the binder fibers shown in Reference Examples 1 to 3 (each having the same fineness as the main fibers) are used. A wet nonwoven fabric was prepared as follows.
Main fiber and binder fiber were made into mass ratio (main fiber / binder fiber) 60/40, and it injected | thrown-in to the pulp disintegrator (made by Kumagai Riki Kogyo), and stirred for 1 minute at 3000 rpm. After that, the obtained sample was transferred to a paper machine (Kumagaya Riki Kogyo's square sheet machine), and after adding a dispersion oil mainly composed of an alkyl phosphate metal salt, stirring was performed with an accompanying stirring blade to make the paper. And it was set as the wet nonwoven fabric web. The paper-made 25 × 25 cm wet nonwoven web was subjected to heat treatment at a temperature of 140 ° C. for 10 minutes with a box-type hot air dryer to obtain a wet nonwoven fabric having a basis weight of 50 g / mm.
Then, the wet nonwoven fabric obtained was subjected to heat treatment at a temperature of 170 ° C. for 10 minutes with a box-type dryer to obtain a wet nonwoven fabric in which latent crimps of short fibers were expressed.
Table 3 shows the evaluation results of uniformity and bulkiness of the obtained wet nonwoven fabric.

As is apparent from Table 3, the main fibers (short fibers) used in Examples 23 to 27 satisfy the formulas (1) to (3), so that the dispersibility in water is good and the fibers do not converge. It was a thing. For this reason, the obtained wet nonwoven fabric was excellent in uniformity and sufficient in bulkiness.
On the other hand, the short fiber used in Comparative Example 16 has a higher H / L ratio than the range of the formula (1), and therefore, the number of crimps and the crimp rate are larger than the ranges of the formulas (2) and (3). Since the short fiber used in Comparative Example 18 has an H / L ratio larger than the range of the formula (1) and further has a crimping ratio larger than the range of the formula (3), both of them have poor dispersibility in water and have a large fiber bundling. There has occurred. Therefore, the obtained wet nonwoven fabric was non-uniform and inferior in quality. Further, since the short fiber used in Comparative Example 17 has an H / L ratio smaller than the range of the formula (1), the number of crimps and the crimp rate are smaller than the ranges of the formulas (2) and (3). Since the short fiber used in Example 19 has an H / L ratio smaller than the range of the formula (1), and further, the crimp rate is smaller than the range of the formula (3), the obtained wet nonwoven fabric was developed before the latent crimp was expressed. In both cases, the bulkiness was insufficient. Since the short fiber used in Comparative Example 20 was a single type fiber and had no latent crimping performance, the obtained wet nonwoven fabric was inferior in bulkiness.

Examples 28-31, Comparative Examples 22-23
The short fiber of Example 1 was used as the main fiber, the short fiber of Reference Example 1 was used as the binder fiber, and the mass ratio of the main fiber and the binder fiber (main fiber / binder fiber) was variously changed as shown in Table 3. Obtained a dry nonwoven fabric in the same manner as in Example 1. Thereafter, the dry nonwoven fabric was subjected to the same heat treatment as in Example 1 to obtain a dry nonwoven fabric in which the latent crimps of the short fibers were expressed.
Table 4 shows the evaluation results of uniformity and bulkiness of the obtained dry nonwoven fabric.

Examples 32-33, Comparative Examples 24-25
The short fibers of Example 1 were used as the main fibers, the short fibers of Reference Example 4 were used as the binder fibers, and the mass ratio of the main fibers to the binder fibers (main fibers / binder fibers) was variously changed as shown in Table 3. Obtained a dry nonwoven fabric in the same manner as in Example 1. Thereafter, the dry nonwoven fabric was subjected to the same heat treatment as in Example 1 to obtain a dry nonwoven fabric in which the latent crimps of the short fibers were expressed.
Table 4 shows the evaluation results of uniformity and bulkiness of the obtained dry nonwoven fabric.

Examples 34 to 35, Comparative Examples 26 to 27
The staple fiber of Example 1 was used as the main fiber, the short fiber of Reference Example 5 was used as the binder fiber, and the mass ratio of the main fiber to the binder fiber (main fiber / binder fiber) was variously changed as shown in Table 3. Obtained a dry nonwoven fabric in the same manner as in Example 1. Thereafter, the dry nonwoven fabric was subjected to the same heat treatment as in Example 1 to obtain a dry nonwoven fabric in which the latent crimps of the short fibers were expressed. Table 4 shows the evaluation results of uniformity and bulkiness of the obtained dry nonwoven fabric.

As is apparent from Table 4, the short fiber nonwoven fabrics of Examples 28 to 35 contained 30% by mass or more of the short fibers of the present invention, and thus were excellent in both uniformity and bulkiness. .
On the other hand, since the short fiber nonwoven fabrics of Comparative Examples 21 to 27 did not contain 30% by mass or more of the short fibers of the present invention, they were poor in uniformity and bulkiness.

It is an expanded explanatory view which shows the crimped form of the short fiber for nonwoven fabrics of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the simple airflow stirring test machine for evaluating the production | generation of the fiber lump in an Example. It is explanatory drawing which shows the simple airlaid tester which manufactured the dry-type nonwoven fabric in the Example.

Claims (5)

A composite fiber composed of two or more kinds of polyesters having different intrinsic viscosities, which is a short fiber having a fiber length of 1.0 to 30 mm, a single yarn fineness of 0.3 to 40 dtex, and crimps, The ratio (H / L) of the height (H) and base (L) of the triangle connecting the top of the peak and two bottom points of the adjacent valley at the maximum peak of the crimped part is as follows. (1) A short fiber for nonwoven fabrics satisfying the formula.
(1) Formula: 0.01T + 0.10 ≦ H / L ≦ 0.02T + 0.25
T is the number of decitex (dtex) of single yarn fineness The short fiber for nonwoven fabric according to claim 1, wherein the number of crimps and the crimp rate satisfy the following expressions (2) and (3) simultaneously.
(2) Formula: 0.1T + 3.8 ≦ crimp number ≦ 0.3T + 7.3
(3) Formula: 0.8T + 0.3 ≦ crimp rate ≦ 1.0T + 4.9
However, the number of crimps is the number per 25 mm of fiber length. T is the number of decitex (dtex) of single yarn fineness. 3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, which has latent crimping performance, and the number of crimps and the crimping ratio when the crimps are expressed by a free heat treatment at 170 ° C. satisfy the following expressions (4) and (5) simultaneously. Short fiber for nonwoven fabric.
(4) Formula: -0.5T + 35≤crimp number≤-2.4T + 130
(5) Formula: -0.3T + 40≤crimp rate≤-0.8T + 80
However, the number of crimps is the number per 25 mm of fiber length. T is the number of decitex (dtex) of single yarn fineness. The short fiber for nonwoven fabric according to any one of claims 1 to 3, which is a composite fiber having a shape in which two kinds of polyesters A and B having different intrinsic viscosities are bonded together in a cross-sectional shape of the fiber. A short fiber nonwoven fabric comprising 30% by mass or more of the short fibers for nonwoven fabric according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

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