JP2005163392A - Garbage truck - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a garbage truck capable of always collecting collected objects by simple work without being required for making complicated switching work according to kinds of the collected objects. <P>SOLUTION: The garbage truck is equipped with a collector box 11, a mist separator 30 and a bag filter device 40. These are mounted on the body 10. In the mist separator 30, a housing 32 has a cylindrical-shape, and the axial center is so placed that it can be turned to the vertical direction. A conduit pipe 31 is connected to the outside of the housing 32 so that it can be turned to the cylindrical tangential direction. The conduit pipe 31 leads the collected objects passing through the inside of the collector box 11 to the inside of the housing 32. An exhaust pipe 34 for mainly exhausting gas from the housing is connected to the upper surface of the housing. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a cleaning vehicle that is used, for example, for resource recovery or environmental maintenance in an ironworks and that recovers powder or oil using negative air pressure.

  2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as this type of cleaning vehicle, a vehicle having a function of collecting liquid and a function of collecting powder or solid not containing liquid is known (Patent Document 1). The cleaning vehicle is provided with a switching device, and the collected object is fed through a different route depending on whether the collected object contains liquid or not. That is, the object to be collected is subjected to different treatments depending on whether it contains liquid or not, and liquid, solid or powder is collected.

However, in such a cleaning vehicle, it is necessary to operate the switching device according to the object to be collected, and the switching work is complicated.
U.S. Pat. No. 3,842,461

  An object of the present invention is to provide a cleaning vehicle that does not require a complicated switching operation depending on the type of the object to be recovered, and can always recover the object to be recovered by a simple operation.

  A first cleaning vehicle according to the present invention is mounted on a vehicle body of a cleaning vehicle, and has a cylindrical housing arranged so that an axis is directed in a vertical direction, and a cylindrical tangent direction on an outer surface of the housing. And an inlet pipe for guiding the collected material that has passed through the collector box into the housing, and an exhaust pipe that is connected to the upper surface of the housing and mainly exhausts gas from the housing. .

  The introduction pipe is preferably connected in the vicinity of the bottom of the housing. As a result, the distance that the object to be recovered rises while turning in the housing can be increased, and the liquid or powder contained in the object to be recovered can be effectively captured. When an annular baffle plate coaxial with the housing is provided on the inner wall surface of the housing, the capturing effect is further improved.

  The discharge pipe extends in the horizontal direction, for example, and is connected to a dust collector or the like that houses the bag filter. That is, it is preferable to provide a bag filter that captures powder contained in the gas discharged through the discharge pipe. The bag filter includes, for example, a bag-shaped filter cloth having an open end, and a wire mesh provided in the filter cloth to hold the filter cloth in a predetermined shape. The cleaning vehicle may include a feeding pipe for feeding the gas that has passed through the bag filter, and a negative pressure generating device that generates a negative pressure in the feeding pipe.

  The cleaning vehicle preferably includes a safety valve mechanism for adjusting the magnitude of the negative pressure in the feeding pipe. The safety valve mechanism includes, for example, first and second safety valves for communicating the inside of the feed pipe with the atmosphere and a switching valve for opening and closing the first safety valve, and the second safety valve is always open.

  A second cleaning vehicle according to the present invention is a cleaning vehicle equipped with a bag filter that captures powder contained in gas, and the bag filter includes a bag-shaped filter cloth having an open end, and a filter cloth. And a wire mesh that holds the filter cloth in a predetermined shape.

  According to the present invention, it is not necessary to perform a complicated switching operation depending on the type of the object to be recovered, and a cleaning vehicle that can always recover the object to be recovered by a simple operation is obtained.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram showing a schematic configuration and functions of a cleaning vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention. This cleaning vehicle is configured to suck the object to be collected by vacuum, that is, negative pressure. In addition, each apparatus demonstrated below is mounted in the vehicle body 10 of a cleaning vehicle.

  The collector box 11 is provided at the rear portion of the vehicle body 10 and is rotatably supported by a hinge 12. An opening (not shown) is formed on the back surface of the collector box 11, and the opening is opened and closed by a door 13. The door 13 is pivotally supported by a hinge 14 and is opened and closed by a hydraulic cylinder 15 provided outside the collector box 11. A suction pipe 16 is attached to the door 13, and a rubber suction hose 17 for sucking the collection target R into the collector box 11 is detachably connected to the suction pipe 16.

  In the vehicle body 10, a hydraulic cylinder 18 is provided on the front side of the collector box 11, and a rod 19 of the hydraulic cylinder 18 is connected to the upper front side of the collector box 11. Therefore, when the hydraulic cylinder 18 is driven to rotate the collector box 11 around the hinge 12 and the door 13 is opened, the liquid or solid collection object collected in the collector box 11 is discharged from the opening by its own weight. Is done.

  The recovery object R may be any material such as iron ore, powder, sludge, oil, etc., and is formed by mixing gas and liquid, solid or powder. The collector box 11 is provided mainly for capturing liquids and solids. In order to capture the solid contained in the object R to be collected, a collision rubber plate 21 and a baffle rubber 22 are provided on the inner wall surface of the collector box 11. A float ball 24 is provided in the vicinity of the inlet of the outlet pipe 23 in order to prevent the liquid from overflowing from the outlet pipe 23 provided at the upper part of the collector box 11. These configurations of the collector box 11 are conventionally known.

  The outlet pipe 23 is connected to the introduction pipe 31 of the mist separator 30. The mist separator 30 has a cylindrical housing 32 that is arranged such that the axis is oriented in the vertical direction. The introduction pipe 31 communicates with the vicinity of the bottom of the housing 32 and is connected to the outer surface of the housing 32 so as to face the cylindrical tangential direction, as will be described later. Therefore, the collection object (gas, powder, and a relatively small amount of liquid) that has passed through the collector box 11 is guided to the housing 32 by the introduction pipe 31, swirled in the housing 32, and centrifuged. That is, relatively heavy powder and liquid hit the inner wall surface of the housing 32 and fall and accumulate at the bottom.

  An annular baffle plate 33 coaxial with the housing 32 is provided on the inner wall surface of the housing 32 and above the center height position. The baffle plate 33 has a truncated conical shape so that the inner side faces downward. Therefore, the powder or liquid that is going to rise along the inner wall surface of the housing 32 falls by colliding with the baffle plate 33.

  A discharge pipe 34 is connected to the upper surface of the housing 32. The discharge pipe 34 is mainly for discharging gas (usually air) from the housing 32, and powder is also mixed in this gas. The discharge pipe 34 extends in the horizontal direction and is connected to the upper portion of the main body 41 of the bag filter device 40.

  The inside of the main body 41 is divided into a passage 42 and a filter chamber 43 by a partition, and the passage 42 and the filter chamber 43 communicate with each other at the bottom of the main body 41. The discharge pipe 34 is connected to the upper end of the passage 42, and the gas fed by the discharge pipe 34 descends along the passage 42 and is guided to the bottom of the filter chamber 43. For example, 20 bag filters 44 are accommodated in the filter chamber 43. By these bag filters 44, the powder contained in the gas is captured. That is, substantially only gas passes through the bag filter 44 and is discharged from the feed pipe 51 connected to the upper portion of the main body 41.

  A negative pressure generator, that is, a wet blower 52 is provided in the middle of the feeding pipe 51. The rotary shaft 53 of the wet blower 52 is connected to the output shaft 54 of the engine of the cleaning vehicle via an endless belt. Therefore, when the engine is driven, the wet blower 52 is rotationally driven, a negative pressure is generated in the feed pipe 51, and the collection target R is sucked by the suction hose 17. That is, as described above, powder, liquid, and solid are captured in the bag filter device 40, the mist separator 30, and the collector box 11.

  The rotating shaft 53 is connected to the compressor 55 via an endless belt. The compressor 55 communicates with the air tank 56, and compressed air is supplied to the air tank 56 when the compressor 55 is driven to rotate by driving the engine. The air tank 56 is connected to a high pressure chamber 58 via an air filter 57, and the high pressure chamber 58 is connected to the filter chamber 43 via a diaphragm type on-off valve 59. The opening / closing valve 59 is opened / closed by the electromagnetic valve 60 and is opened when the bag filter 44 is cleaned to supply compressed air to the bag filter 44.

  A pressure release valve 61 and safety valve mechanisms, that is, first and second safety valves 62 and 63 are provided upstream of the wet blower 52 of the feeding pipe 51. The pressure release valve 61 is provided to open the inside of the feed pipe 51 to the atmosphere when the blower 52 is stopped. The feed pipe 51 can communicate with the atmosphere via the first and second safety valves 62, 63, and the spring pressure for opening the first safety valve 62 is the spring pressure for opening the second safety valve 63. Smaller than. The first safety valve 62 is opened and closed by a switching valve 65, and the second safety valve 63 is always open.

  The first safety valve 62 is opened when the recovery object R does not contain liquid, and is closed when the recovery object R contains liquid. That is, when the collection target R is dry, the first safety valve 62 is opened, so that the negative pressure in the feeding pipe 51 becomes relatively low. On the other hand, when the collection target R is wet, the first safety valve 62 is closed and only the second safety valve 63 is opened, so that the negative pressure in the feed pipe 51 becomes relatively high. That is, the magnitude of the negative pressure in the feed pipe 51 is adjusted so that the object R is more strongly sucked when the object R is wet than when it is dry.

  A downstream side of the feed pipe 51 with respect to the wet blower 52 is connected to a water tank 71. As a result, the exhaust gas fed through the feed pipe 51 is removed in the water tank 71 and released to the atmosphere via the discharge silencer 72 connected to the water tank 71.

  A part of the water stored in the water tank 71 is supplied to the upstream side of the wet blower 52 of the feed pipe 51 by the pump 73. That is, this water is supplied to the wet blower 52, the wet blower 52 is cooled, and sealing performance is ensured. The pump 73 is driven by a hydraulic motor 74. That is, the hydraulic oil stored in the hydraulic oil tank 75 is sent by the hydraulic pump 76 and the hydraulic motor 74 is driven. The hydraulic pump 76 is connected to a hydraulic switching valve 77, and the hydraulic switching valve 77 is connected to the hydraulic cylinders 15 and 18 in addition to the hydraulic motor 74.

  FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing the external appearance of the mist separator 30 and the bag filter device 40, and FIG. 3 is a horizontal sectional view of the mist separator 30 and the bag filter device 40. In the mist separator 30, a lid 35 for taking out the object to be collected is provided below the housing 32. Similarly, the bag filter device 40 is provided with a lid 48 for taking out an object to be collected at the lower part of the main body 41.

  The introduction pipe 31 of the mist separator 30 includes a vertical pipe 31a extending in the vertical direction and a horizontal pipe 31b extending in the horizontal direction. The cross-sectional shape of the vertical tube 31a is circular, and the cross-sectional shape of the horizontal tube 31b is rectangular. The flow path area of the horizontal tube 31 b is smaller as it approaches the housing 32. That is, the horizontal tube 31b is tapered toward the housing 32, whereby the flow rate of the recovery object supplied into the housing 32 is increased, and the recovery object sufficiently turns.

  The gas fed from the mist separator 30 into the bag filter device 40 advances in the main body 41 in the longitudinal direction (lateral direction in FIG. 3) and is discharged from the feed pipe 51. Each bag filter 44 is flat when viewed from above, has a width just enough to fit in the filter chamber 43, and is arranged at substantially equal intervals in the longitudinal direction of the main body 41.

  FIG. 4 shows the configuration of the bug filter 44. An elongated hole 46 for supporting the bag filter 44 is formed in the horizontal plate 45 provided in the main body 41. The bag filter 44 includes a bag-like filter cloth 44a having an open upper end and a closed lower end in the drawing, and a wire mesh 44b provided inside the filter cloth 44a to hold the filter cloth 44a in a flat and constant shape. . A plate-like holding member 44c is provided on the upper part of the metal mesh 44b, and a flange 44d is provided on the lower part of the holding member 44c. The opening edge portion of the filter cloth 44a is sandwiched and fixed between the flange 44c and the horizontal plate 45, whereby the bag filter 44 is attached to the horizontal plate 45.

  A compressed air discharge pipe 47 is provided on the upper portion of the main body 41 so as to face the opening of the bag filter 44. The discharge pipe 47 extends in the width direction of the main body 41 and is connected to the air tank 56. When cleaning the bag filter 44, compressed air is discharged from the discharge pipe 56 toward the opening of the bag filter 44, and at the same time, the main body 41 is vibrated. As a result, dust adhering to the outer surface of the filter cloth 44 a is screened off the bottom surface of the main body 41.

  As described above, in this embodiment, only the switching valve 65 is operated depending on whether the object to be collected contains liquid or not. That is, when the object to be recovered contains liquid, the object to be recovered is sucked at a relatively high negative pressure, and passes through the collector box 11, the mistake, the separator 30, and the bag filter device 40, so that the liquid, solid, powder The body is captured. When the object to be recovered does not contain a liquid, the object to be recovered is sucked at a relatively low negative pressure, and passes through the collector box 11, the error, the separator 30, and the bag filter device 40. Be captured.

  When the collection operation is completed, the hydraulic cylinders 15 and 18 are driven by operating the hydraulic pressure switching valve 77, and the collected object in the collector box 11 is discharged. The object to be collected in the mist separator 30 is taken out from the housing 32 with the lid 35 opened. The object to be collected captured by the bag filter 44 is removed from the filter chamber 43 with the lid 48 opened.

It is a conceptual diagram which shows the schematic structure and function of the cleaning vehicle which is one Embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the external appearance of a mist separator and a bag filter apparatus. It is a horizontal sectional view of a mist separator and a bag filter device. It is a perspective view which shows the structure of a bag filter and is partially broken and shown.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 Collector box 30 Mist separator 31 Introducing pipe 32 Housing 33 Baffle plate 34 Discharge pipe 40 Bag filter apparatus 51 Feed pipe 62 1st safety valve 63 2nd safety valve 65 Switching valve

Claims (10)

A collection vehicle that collects a collection object of gas and liquid, solid or powder in a collector box, and mainly collects the liquid and solid in the collector box,
A cylindrical housing mounted on the vehicle body of the cleaning vehicle and arranged such that the axis is oriented in the vertical direction;
An introduction pipe connected to the outer surface of the housing so as to face a tangential direction of a cylindrical shape, and for guiding the collected material that has passed through the collector box into the housing;
A cleaning vehicle comprising: a discharge pipe connected to an upper surface of the housing and mainly for discharging gas from the housing.   The cleaning vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the introduction pipe is connected to a vicinity of a bottom portion of the housing.   The cleaning vehicle according to claim 1, wherein an annular baffle plate coaxial with the housing is provided on an inner wall surface of the housing.   The cleaning vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the discharge pipe extends in a horizontal direction.   The cleaning vehicle according to claim 1, further comprising a bag filter that captures powder contained in the gas discharged through the discharge pipe.   The said bag filter is provided with the bag-like filter cloth which the one end part opened, and the metal mesh which is provided in the said filter cloth and hold | maintains the said filter cloth in a predetermined shape. Cleaning car.   The cleaning vehicle according to claim 5, further comprising: a feeding pipe for feeding the gas that has passed through the bag filter; and a negative pressure generating device that generates a negative pressure in the feeding pipe.   The cleaning vehicle according to claim 7, further comprising a safety valve mechanism for adjusting the magnitude of the negative pressure in the feeding pipe.   The safety valve mechanism includes first and second safety valves for communicating the inside of the feeding pipe with the atmosphere, and a switching valve for opening and closing the first safety valve, and the second safety valve is always open. The cleaning vehicle according to claim 8, wherein the vehicle is a cleaning vehicle. A garbage truck equipped with a bag filter that captures powder contained in gas,
A cleaning vehicle, wherein the bag filter includes a bag-shaped filter cloth having an open end, and a wire mesh provided in the filter cloth to hold the filter cloth in a predetermined shape.

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