JP2014156222A - Cleaning vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a cleaning vehicle which reduces the replacement frequency of a collision plate, the maintenance work of the cleaning vehicle, and the maintenance costs.SOLUTION: A cleaning vehicle suctions a collected object to collect the collected object in a collector box. The cleaning vehicle includes: a suction pipe which guides the collected object into the collector box and extends in a first direction; a ceramic curved pipe which is provided so as to continue into the suction pipe, curves from the first direction to a second direction, and discharges the collected object from an opening provided in the second direction to the collector box; and a collision plate which is provided on a collector box inner wall surface positioned near the opening and is formed by one ceramic plate.

Description

  The present invention relates to a cleaning vehicle that is used, for example, for resource recovery or environmental maintenance in an ironworks, and that recovers an object to be recovered using a suction force generated by a vacuum.

  Vacuum cleaning trucks used for iron ore and iron powder recovery at steelworks and street cleaning work transmit engine output to a negative pressure generator, and the vacuum created by this negative pressure generator The to-be-collected object is recovered using the generated suction force (see Patent Document 1).

  Such a cleaning vehicle generally sucks the object to be collected through a suction part such as a suction hose connected to the rear end of the vehicle body. It is recovered by being discharged into a collector box provided at the rear of the vehicle body through a suction rod.

  These recovered objects to be recovered are discharged into the collector box. At the time of discharge, the inner wall of the collector box is prevented from being damaged, and solids contained in the object to be recovered are captured in the vicinity of the opening of the suction pipe. A collision plate with which the object to be collected collides is attached to the inner wall surface of the collector box located. In a conventional cleaning vehicle, a metal plate such as stainless steel having high mechanical strength is used as such a collision plate.

JP 2004-283640 A

  However, even when stainless steel or the like is used as the collision plate, it is difficult to obtain sufficient durability, and damage and wear of the collision plate itself are inevitable. For this reason, it is necessary to frequently replace the collision plate, resulting in a complicated maintenance work of the cleaning vehicle and an increase in maintenance cost.

  Therefore, the present invention has been devised in view of the above-described problems, and employs a highly durable collision plate and reduces the collision force of the object to be collected on the collision plate. It is an object of the present invention to provide a cleaning vehicle capable of reducing the replacement frequency, reducing the maintenance work of the cleaning vehicle, and reducing the maintenance cost.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present inventor employs a ceramic collision plate and reduces the collision plate replacement frequency by reducing the collision force of the object to be collected on the collision plate by the curved tube. Invented a cleaning vehicle that can reduce the maintenance work of the cleaning vehicle and reduce the maintenance cost.

  A cleaning vehicle according to a first aspect of the present invention is a cleaning vehicle that sucks and collects an object to be collected in a collector box, and guides the collected object to be collected into the collector box, and a suction rod extending in a first direction; A ceramic curve that is provided continuously to the suction trough, curves from the first direction to the second direction, and discharges the object to be collected into the collector box from an opening provided in the second direction. And a collision plate made of a single ceramic plate provided on the inner wall surface of the collector box located in the vicinity of the opening.

  A cleaning vehicle according to a second aspect is the cleaning vehicle according to the first aspect, wherein the suction rod and the curved rod are integrally formed as a single member made of ceramic.

  A cleaning vehicle according to a third aspect of the present invention is the cleaning vehicle according to the first or second aspect of the present invention, characterized in that a rubber plate is provided in the vicinity of the collision plate and in the discharge direction of the collected object. To do.

  According to the present invention having the above-described configuration, the strength and durability of the collision plate are increased by adopting a highly durable ceramic collision plate, and also depending on the object to be collected by using a ceramic curved tube. The collision force against the collision plate can be reduced. As a result, the replacement frequency of the collision plate can be greatly reduced, the maintenance work of the cleaning vehicle can be reduced, and the maintenance cost can be reduced.

It is a conceptual diagram which shows the schematic structure and function of the cleaning vehicle which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is side surface sectional drawing which shows the structure in a collector box.

  Hereinafter, the cleaning vehicle as an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail.

  This cleaning vehicle is configured to suck the object to be collected by vacuum, that is, negative pressure. In addition, each apparatus demonstrated below is mounted in the vehicle body 10 of a cleaning vehicle.

  The collector box 11 is provided at the rear portion of the vehicle body 10 and is rotatably supported by a hinge 12. An opening (not shown) is formed on the back surface of the collector box 11, and the opening is opened and closed by a door 13. The door 13 is pivotally supported by a hinge 14 and is opened and closed by a hydraulic cylinder 15 provided outside the collector box 11.

  A suction valve 16 is attached to the door 13, and a rubber suction hose 17 for sucking the material R to be collected into the collector box 11 is detachable at the end of the suction valve 16 outside the collector box 11. Connected to

  Further, an end of the suction valve 16 inside the collector box 11 is integrally formed with a straight suction rod 27 made of a metal material such as stainless steel and extending in one direction. In connection with the collar 27, a ceramic curved collar 25 is provided.

  The curved rod 25 has an end connected to the suction rod 27 extending in the same direction as the suction rod 23 (first direction), and an opposite end gently curved from the first direction. It is formed so as to extend in a direction (second direction) closer to the extension direction of the collision plate 21 than in the first direction. The collection target R sucked by the suction hose 17 is discharged into the collector box 11 from the opening provided in the second direction of the curved rod 25 through the suction valve 16 and the suction rod 27.

  In the vehicle body 10, a hydraulic cylinder 18 is provided on the front side of the collector box 11. The rod 19 of the hydraulic cylinder 18 is connected to the upper front side of the collector box 11. Therefore, when the hydraulic cylinder 18 is driven to rotate the collector box 11 around the hinge 12 and the door 13 is opened, the liquid or solid collection object collected in the collector box 11 is discharged from the opening by its own weight. Is done.

  The recovery object R may be any material such as iron ore, powder, sludge, oil, etc., and is formed by mixing gas and liquid, solid or powder. The collector box 11 is provided mainly for capturing liquids and solids.

  In order to capture the solid contained in the collection target R discharged from the opening provided in the second direction of the curved rod 25 described above, the inner wall surface of the collector box 11 is constituted by a single ceramic plate. A collision plate 21 and a baffle rubber 22 are provided. A float ball 24 is provided in the vicinity of the inlet of the outlet pipe 23 in order to prevent the liquid from overflowing from the outlet pipe 23 provided at the upper part of the collector box 11. These configurations of the collector box 11 are conventionally known.

  The outlet pipe 23 is connected to the introduction pipe 31 of the mist separator 30. The mist separator 30 has a cylindrical housing 32 that is arranged so that the axis is oriented in the vertical direction. The introduction pipe 31 communicates with the vicinity of the bottom of the housing 32 and is connected to the outer surface of the housing 32 so as to face the cylindrical tangential direction, as will be described later.

  Therefore, the collection object (gas, powder, and a relatively small amount of liquid) that has passed through the collector box 11 is guided to the housing 32 by the introduction pipe 31, swirled in the housing 32, and centrifuged. That is, relatively heavy powder and liquid hit the inner wall surface of the housing 32 and fall and accumulate at the bottom.

  An annular baffle plate 33 coaxial with the housing 32 is provided on the inner wall surface of the housing 32 and above the center height position. The baffle plate 33 has a truncated conical shape so that the inner side faces downward.

  Therefore, the powder or liquid that is going to rise along the inner wall surface of the housing 32 falls by colliding with the baffle plate 33.

  A discharge pipe 34 is connected to the upper surface of the housing 32. The discharge pipe 34 is mainly for discharging gas (usually air) from the housing 32, and powder is also mixed in this gas. The discharge pipe 34 extends in the horizontal direction and is connected to the upper portion of the main body 41 of the bag filter device 40.

  The inside of the main body 41 is divided into a passage 42 and a filter chamber 43 by a partition, and the passage 42 and the filter chamber 43 communicate with each other at the bottom of the main body 41. The discharge pipe 34 is connected to the upper end of the passage 42, and the gas fed by the discharge pipe 34 descends along the passage 42 and is guided to the bottom of the filter chamber 43.

  For example, 20 bag filters 44 are accommodated in the filter chamber 43. By these bag filters 44, the powder contained in the gas is captured. That is, substantially only gas passes through the bag filter 44 and is discharged from the feed pipe 51 connected to the upper portion of the main body 41.

  A negative pressure generator, that is, a wet blower 52 is provided in the middle of the feeding pipe 51. The rotary shaft 53 of the wet blower 52 is connected to the output shaft 54 of the engine of the cleaning vehicle via an endless belt. Therefore, when the engine is driven, the wet blower 52 is rotationally driven, a negative pressure is generated in the feed pipe 51, and the collection target R is sucked by the suction hose 17.

  That is, as described above, powder, liquid, and solid are captured in the bag filter device 40, the mist separator 30, and the collector box 11.

  The rotating shaft 53 is connected to the compressor 55 via an endless belt. The compressor 55 communicates with the air tank 56, and compressed air is supplied to the air tank 56 when the compressor 55 is driven to rotate by driving the engine.

  The air tank 56 is connected to a high pressure chamber 58 via an air filter 57, and the high pressure chamber 58 is connected to the filter chamber 43 via a diaphragm type on-off valve 59.

  The opening / closing valve 59 is opened / closed by the electromagnetic valve 60 and is opened when the bag filter 44 is cleaned to supply compressed air to the bag filter 44.

  A pressure release valve 61 and safety valve mechanisms, that is, first and second safety valves 62 and 63 are provided upstream of the wet blower 52 of the feeding pipe 51.

  The pressure release valve 61 is provided to open the inside of the feed pipe 51 to the atmosphere when the blower 52 is stopped.

  The feed pipe 51 can communicate with the atmosphere via the first and second safety valves 62, 63, and the spring pressure for opening the first safety valve 62 is the spring pressure for opening the second safety valve 63. Smaller than. The first safety valve 62 is opened and closed by a switching valve 65, and the second safety valve 63 is always open.

  The first safety valve 62 is opened when the recovery object R does not contain liquid, and is closed when the recovery object R contains liquid. That is, when the collection target R is dry, the first safety valve 62 is opened, so that the negative pressure in the feeding pipe 51 becomes relatively low.

  On the other hand, when the collection target R is wet, the first safety valve 62 is closed and only the second safety valve 63 is opened, so that the negative pressure in the feed pipe 51 becomes relatively high. That is, the magnitude of the negative pressure in the feed pipe 51 is adjusted so that the object R is more strongly sucked when the object R is wet than when it is dry.

  A downstream side of the feed pipe 51 with respect to the wet blower 52 is connected to a water tank 71. As a result, the exhaust gas fed through the feed pipe 51 is removed in the water tank 71 and released to the atmosphere via the discharge silencer 72 connected to the water tank 71.

  A part of the water stored in the water tank 71 is supplied to the upstream side of the wet blower 52 of the feed pipe 51 by the pump 73. That is, this water is supplied to the wet blower 52, the wet blower 52 is cooled, and sealing performance is ensured.

  The pump 73 is driven by a hydraulic motor 74. That is, the hydraulic oil stored in the hydraulic oil tank 75 is sent by the hydraulic pump 76 and the hydraulic motor 74 is driven. The hydraulic pump 76 is connected to a hydraulic switching valve 77, and the hydraulic switching valve 77 is connected to the hydraulic cylinders 15 and 18 in addition to the hydraulic motor 74.

  Next, the collision plate 21 and the bending tube 25 which are features of the present invention will be described. These members are excellent in mechanical strength, can be prevented from being worn or damaged even after long-term use, and are made of ceramic having high durability.

  The collision plate 21 is composed of one large ceramic plate having a size with one side of several tens of centimeters or more. The ceramic plate is a material that is generally used for a member that requires durability, but it is not common to use a material having a large size such as the collision plate 21 used in this embodiment.

  Conventionally, when a ceramic plate is required for a part having an area of several tens of centimeters or more on one side, a small ceramic plate having a size of about several centimeters on one side is bonded to the substrate.

  However, when used as the collision plate 21 in the cleaning vehicle according to the present embodiment, it is assumed that the recovered object R includes high-hardness iron ore, metal pieces, and the like, and can suck them. Therefore, it is assumed that the suction operation is continued for a long time by a strong suction force. Therefore, the impact plate 21 is continuously subjected to a strong impact, and the usage conditions are severe.

  Under these operating conditions, if a conventional small ceramic plate bonded together is used as a collision plate, wear and breakage will occur from the weak joints formed between the ceramic plates, and the ceramic plate will fall off. There is a risk that strength and durability cannot be secured.

  Therefore, in this embodiment, by forming the collision plate 21 with a single large ceramic plate, it is possible to obtain a seamless ceramic collision plate 21 and effectively prevent wear and breakage caused by the joint. be able to.

  Furthermore, in order to relieve the collision force of the object R to be collided with the collision plate 21, the discharge direction of the object R to be collected is changed by the curved tube 25 to reduce the collision angle with the collision plate 21. By doing so, it is possible to more effectively prevent the collision plate 21 from being worn or damaged.

  However, when the traveling direction of the recovery object R changes in the bending tube 25, the recovery object R collides with the inner wall of the curved portion of the bending tube 25, and thus the bending tube 25 is also required to have mechanical strength and durability. Is done. Therefore, the bending tube 25 is also made of ceramic, so that the bending tube 25 is also provided with mechanical strength and durability.

  In the present embodiment, the suction tube 27 is made of stainless steel formed separately from the bending tube 25. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the suction tube 27 and the bending tube 25 are integrally formed of ceramic. It is good also as a member formed in.

  According to the cleaning vehicle according to the above-described embodiment, the strength and durability of the collision plate are increased by adopting a highly durable ceramic collision plate, and the object to be recovered is also obtained by using a ceramic curved tube. It is possible to reduce the collision force against the collision plate. As a result, the replacement frequency of the collision plate can be greatly reduced, the maintenance work of the cleaning vehicle can be reduced, and the maintenance cost can be reduced.

11 Collector box 21 Collision plate 22 Baffle rubber 25 Curved tube 27 Suction tube

Claims (3)

A cleaning vehicle that sucks the object to be collected and collects it in the collector box.
A suction rod extending in a first direction for guiding the collected object to be collected into a collector box;
A ceramic curve that is provided continuously to the suction trough, curves from the first direction to the second direction, and discharges the object to be collected into the collector box from an opening provided in the second direction.菅,
A collision plate composed of a single ceramic plate provided on the inner wall surface of the collector box located in the vicinity of the opening;
A cleaning vehicle comprising:   2. The cleaning vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the suction rod and the curved rod are integrally formed as a single member made of ceramic.   The cleaning vehicle according to claim 1, wherein a rubber plate is provided in the vicinity of the collision plate and in the discharge direction of the object to be collected.

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