JP2005154418A - 固形製剤 - Google Patents
固形製剤 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP2005154418A JP2005154418A JP2004306504A JP2004306504A JP2005154418A JP 2005154418 A JP2005154418 A JP 2005154418A JP 2004306504 A JP2004306504 A JP 2004306504A JP 2004306504 A JP2004306504 A JP 2004306504A JP 2005154418 A JP2005154418 A JP 2005154418A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- solid preparation
- insulin
- present
- glimepiride
- polyoxyethylene sorbitan
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
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- 229960004346 glimepiride Drugs 0.000 claims description 34
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- GHUUBYQTCDQWRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pioglitazone hydrochloride Chemical group Cl.N1=CC(CC)=CC=C1CCOC(C=C1)=CC=C1CC1C(=O)NC(=O)S1 GHUUBYQTCDQWRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 31
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Abstract
【解決手段】 インスリン抵抗性改善薬、インスリン分泌促進薬およびポリオキシエチレンソルビタン脂肪酸エステルを含有してなる固形製剤。
【選択図】なし
Description
1)インスリン感受性増強剤と該インスリン感受性増強剤とは作用メカニズムの異なる1種以上の糖尿病治療薬とを組み合わせてなる医薬組成物(特許文献1参照)。
2)相乗効果を示す量のスルホニルウレア抗糖尿病薬とグリタゾン抗糖尿病薬を含有する組成物(特許文献2参照)。
3)インスリンセンシタイザー、インスリン分泌促進剤および薬剤的に許容し得る担体を含む医薬組成物(特許文献3参照)。
4)インスリンセンシタイザー、準最大量(sub−maximal amount)のインスリン分泌促進剤および薬剤的に許容し得る担体を含む医薬組成物(特許文献4参照)。
しかしながら、本発明者らは、インスリン抵抗性改善薬およびインスリン分泌促進薬を含有してなる固形製剤において、インスリン分泌促進薬の溶出性が好ましくない、すなわち、該固形製剤からのインスリン分泌促進薬の溶出が「有効成分としてインスリン分泌促進薬のみを含有する固形製剤」からのインスリン分泌促進薬の溶出と比較して遅いという問題点を初めて見出した。
1)インスリン抵抗性改善薬、インスリン分泌促進薬およびポリオキシエチレンソルビタン脂肪酸エステルを含有してなる固形製剤;
2)インスリン抵抗性改善薬が塩酸ピオグリタゾンである前記1)記載の固形製剤;
3)インスリン分泌促進薬がスルホニルウレア剤である前記1)記載の固形製剤;
4)スルホニルウレア剤がグリメピリドである前記3)記載の固形製剤;
5)ポリオキシエチレンソルビタン脂肪酸エステルがポリソルベート80である前記1)記載の固形製剤;
6)塩酸ピオグリタゾン、グリメピリドおよびポリソルベート80を含有してなる固形製剤;などに関する。
また、本発明の固形製剤は、固形製剤からのインスリン分泌促進薬の溶出性において、「有効成分としてインスリン分泌促進薬のみを含有する固形製剤」と同等に優れる。
無機塩基との塩の好適な例としては、例えばナトリウム,カリウムなどのアルカリ金属;カルシウム,マグネシウムなどのアルカリ土類金属;アルミニウム、アンモニウムなどとの塩が挙げられる。
有機塩基との塩の好適な例としては、例えばトリメチルアミン、トリエチルアミン、ピリジン、ピコリン、エタノールアミン、ジエタノールアミン、トリエタノールアミン、ジシクロヘキシルアミン、N,N−ジベンジルエチレンジアミンなどとの塩が挙げられる。
無機酸との塩の好適な例としては、例えば塩酸、臭化水素酸、硝酸、硫酸、リン酸などとの塩が挙げられる。
塩基性アミノ酸との塩の好適な例としては、例えばアルギニン、リジン、オルニチンなどとの塩が挙げられ、酸性アミノ酸との塩の好適な例としては、例えばアスパラギン酸、グルタミン酸などとの塩が挙げられる。
また、インスリン抵抗性改善薬は、無水物あるいは水和物のいずれであってもよい。
インスリン抵抗性改善薬は、好ましくはピオグリタゾンまたはその塩(好ましくは塩酸塩)、ロシグリタゾンまたはその塩(好ましくはマレイン酸塩)であり、さらに好ましくは塩酸ピオグリタゾンである。
本発明において、インスリン抵抗性改善薬は、2種以上を適宜の割合で組み合わせて用いてもよい。
インスリン分泌促進薬は、前記インスリン抵抗性改善薬と同様の塩を形成していてもよく、また、無水物あるいは水和物のいずれであってもよい。
インスリン分泌促進薬は好ましくはスルホニルウレア剤であり、該スルホニルウレア剤は、好ましくはグリメピリドである。
本発明において、インスリン分泌促進薬は、2種以上を適宜の割合で組み合わせて用いてもよい。
ポリオキシエチレンソルビタン脂肪酸エステルは、好ましくはポリソルベート80である。
本発明において、ポリオキシエチレンソルビタン脂肪酸エステルは、2種以上を適宜の割合で組み合わせて用いてもよい。
なお、本発明の固形製剤において、ポリオキシエチレンソルビタン脂肪酸エステルの代わりに、ラウリル硫酸ナトリウム、蔗糖ステアリン酸エステル(HLB16)またはポリオキシエチレン(160)ポリオキシプロピレン(30)グリコール(商品名:プルロニックF68)を用いる場合には、インスリン分泌促進薬の溶出性改善における優れた効果を得ることができない。
本発明の固形製剤は、特に好ましくは塩酸ピオグリタゾン、グリメピリドおよびポリソルベート80を含有してなる固形製剤である。
賦形剤としては、例えばトウモロコシデンプン、馬鈴薯デンプン、コムギコデンプン、コメデンプン、部分アルファー化デンプン、アルファ−化デンプン、有孔デンプン等のデンプン類;乳糖、果糖、ブドウ糖、マンニトール、ソルビトール等の糖または糖アルコール類:無水リン酸カルシウム、結晶セルロース、沈降炭酸カルシウム、ケイ酸カルシウムなどが挙げられる。本発明の固形製剤は、ポリオキシエチレンソルビタン脂肪酸エステルを含有するため、その製剤強度が低下する傾向にある。したがって、本発明の固形製剤は、製剤強度を向上させるための賦形剤として結晶セルロースを用いることが好ましい。ここで、結晶セルロースの使用量は、固形製剤100重量部に対して、好ましくは5〜60重量部、さらに好ましくは10〜50重量部である。
崩壊剤としては、例えばカルボキシメチルセルロース、カルボキシメチルセルロースカルシウム、カルボキシメチルスターチナトリウム、クロスカルメロースナトリウム、クロスポビドン、低置換度ヒドロキシプロピルセルロース、ヒドロキシプロピルスターチ等が用いられる。該崩壊剤の使用量は、固形製剤100重量部に対して、好ましくは0.5〜25重量部、さらに好ましくは1〜15重量部である。
滑沢剤の好適な例としては、例えばステアリン酸マグネシウム、ステアリン酸カルシウム、タルク、蔗糖脂肪酸エステル、フマル酸ステアリルナトリウムなどが挙げられる。
着色剤としては、例えば食用黄色5号(サンセットイエロー、米国の食用黄色6号と同一)、食用赤色2号、食用青色2号などの食用色素、食用レーキ色素、三二酸化鉄などが挙げられる。
pH調整剤としては、クエン酸塩、リン酸塩、炭酸塩、酒石酸塩、フマル酸塩、酢酸塩、アミノ酸塩などが挙げられる。
矯味剤としては、例えばアスコルビン酸、クエン酸、酒石酸、リンゴ酸などが挙げられる。
甘味剤としては、例えばアスパルテーム、アセスルファムカリウム、ソーマチン、サッカリンナトリウム、グリチルリチン酸二カリウムなどが挙げられる。
香料としては、例えばメントール、ハッカ油、レモン油、バニリンなどが挙げられる。
流動化剤としては、例えば軽質無水ケイ酸、含水二酸化ケイ素などが挙げられる。ここで、軽質無水ケイ酸は、含水二酸化ケイ素(SiO2・nH2O)(nは整数を示す)を主成分とするものであればよく、その具体例として、例えばサイリシア320(商品名、富士シリシア化学(株))、アエロジル200(商品名、日本アエロジル(株))等が挙げられる。
上記した添加剤は、2種以上を適宜の割合で混合して用いてもよい。
また、固形製剤の形状は、丸形、キャプレット形、オブロング形等のいずれであってもよい。
とりわけ、インスリン抵抗性改善薬が塩酸ピオグリタゾンである場合、本発明の固形製剤における塩酸ピオグリタゾンの含量は、例えば本発明の固形製剤100重量部に対して、好ましくは0.01〜70重量部、さらに好ましくは2〜60重量部である。
本発明の固形製剤におけるインスリン分泌促進薬の含量は、例えば本発明の固形製剤100重量部に対して、例えば0.01〜95重量部、好ましくは0.03〜90重量部である。
本発明の固形製剤におけるポリオキシエチレンソルビタン脂肪酸エステルの含量は、例えば本発明の固形製剤100重量部に対して、例えば0.01〜30重量部、好ましくは0.05〜20重量部、さらに好ましくは0.2〜1重量部である。
なお、製剤中にポリオキシエチレンソルビタン脂肪酸エステルを配合する場合、ポリオキシエチレンソルビタン脂肪酸エステルが酸化されることによってホルムアルデヒドが発生し、該ホルムアルデヒドが製剤中の活性成分の安定性に悪影響を及ぼす場合がある。また、製剤中のポリオキシエチレンソルビタン脂肪酸エステルの含量が増加すれば、製剤強度が低下するという問題が生じる。したがって、本発明の固形製剤におけるポリオキシエチレンソルビタン脂肪酸エステルの含量は、所望の効果(例、インスリン分泌促進薬の溶出性改善)を奏するのに必要な最小量(例えば本発明の固形製剤100重量部に対して、0.7重量部以下)であることが好ましい。
ここで、製剤化は、混合、造粒、カプセル充填、圧縮成形、コーティングなどの操作を適宜組み合わせることにより行われる。混合は、例えばV型混合機、タンブラー混合機などの混合機を用いて行われ、造粒は、例えば、高速攪拌造粒機、流動造粒乾燥機などを用いて行われる。圧縮成形は、例えば単発錠剤機、ロータリー式打錠機などを用いて通常1〜35kN/cm2の圧力で打錠することにより行われる。また、コーティングは、例えばフィルムコーティング装置を用いて行われ、コーティング基剤としては、例えば糖衣基剤、水溶性フィルムコーティング基剤、腸溶性フィルムコーティング基剤、徐放性フィルムコーティング基剤などが用いられる。
水溶性フィルムコーティング基剤としては、例えばヒドロキシプロピルセルロース、ヒドロキシプロピルメチルセルロース、ヒドロキシエチルセルロース、メチルヒドロキシエチルセルロースなどのセルロース系高分子;ポリビニルアセタールジエチルアミノアセテート、アミノアルキルメタアクリレートコポリマーE〔オイドラギットE(商品名)、ロームファルマ社〕、ポビドン(ポリビニルピロリドン)などの合成高分子;プルランなどの多糖類などが挙げられる。
徐放性フィルムコーティング基剤としては、例えばエチルセルロースなどのセルロース系高分子;アミノアルキルメタアクリレートコポリマーRS〔オイドラギットRS(商品名)、ロームファルマ社〕、アクリル酸エチル・メタアクリル酸メチル共重合体懸濁液〔オイドラギットNE(商品名)、ロームファルマ社〕などのアクリル酸系高分子;酢酸セルロースなどが挙げられる。
該コーティング添加剤としては、例えば酸化チタン、タルク、三二酸化鉄などの遮光剤および/または着色剤;ポリエチレングリコール、クエン酸トリエチル、ヒマシ油、ポリソルベート類などの可塑剤;クエン酸、酒石酸、リンゴ酸、アスコルビン酸などの有機酸などが挙げられる。
コーティングは、公知の方法にしたがい、例えばフィルムコーティング装置を用いて行われる。
また、本発明の固形製剤には、識別性のためのマークあるいは文字を印刷してあってもよく、分割用の割線を付してあってもよい。
1)インスリン抵抗性改善薬、インスリン分泌促進薬を賦形剤などの添加剤と共に混合後、ポリオキシエチレンソルビタン脂肪酸エステル(好ましくはポリソルベート80)と結合剤などの添加剤とを溶媒(例、水)に分散または溶解した液を噴霧しながら造粒する。得られる造粒物に崩壊剤、滑沢剤などの添加剤を加えて、混合後、必要により、圧縮成形することによって、本発明の固形製剤を製造する。
2)インスリン抵抗性改善薬を賦形剤などの添加剤と共に混合後、インスリン分泌促進薬およびポリオキシエチレンソルビタン脂肪酸エステル(好ましくはポリソルベート80)と結合剤などの添加剤とを溶媒(例、水)に分散または溶解した液を噴霧しながら造粒する。得られる造粒物に崩壊剤、滑沢剤などの添加剤を加えて、混合後、必要により、圧縮成形することによって、本発明の固形製剤を製造する。
一方、インスリン分泌促進薬を賦形剤などの添加剤と共に混合後、ポリオキシエチレンソルビタン脂肪酸エステル(好ましくはポリソルベート80)と結合剤などの添加剤とを溶媒(例、水)に分散または溶解した液を噴霧しながら造粒する。
このようにして得られるインスリン抵抗性改善薬を含む造粒物およびインスリン分泌促進薬を含む造粒物に、崩壊剤、滑沢剤などの添加剤を加えて、混合後、必要により、圧縮成形することによって、本発明の固形製剤を製造する。
4)インスリン抵抗性改善薬を賦形剤などの添加剤と共に混合後、結合剤(好ましくはポビドン)などの添加剤を溶媒(例、水)に分散または溶解した液を噴霧しながら造粒する。
一方、賦形剤などの添加剤に、インスリン分泌促進薬およびポリオキシエチレンソルビタン脂肪酸エステル(好ましくはポリソルベート80)と結合剤などの添加剤とを溶媒(例、水)に分散または溶解した液を噴霧しながら造粒する。
このようにして得られるインスリン抵抗性改善薬を含む造粒物およびインスリン分泌促進薬を含む造粒物に、崩壊剤、滑沢剤などの添加剤を加えて、混合後、圧縮成形することによって、本発明の固形製剤を製造する。
一方、賦形剤などの添加剤に、インスリン分泌促進薬およびポリオキシエチレンソルビタン脂肪酸エステル(好ましくはポリソルベート80)と結合剤などの添加剤とを溶媒(例、水)に分散または溶解した液を噴霧しながら造粒する。得られる造粒物に崩壊剤、滑沢剤などの添加剤を加えて、混合末とする。
このようにして得られるインスリン抵抗性改善薬を含む混合末とインスリン分泌促進薬を含む混合末とを層状に積み重ねて圧縮成形することによって、本発明の固形製剤(2層錠)を製造する。
6)インスリン抵抗性改善薬を賦形剤などの添加剤と共に混合後、結合剤(好ましくはポビドン)などの添加剤を溶媒(例、水)に分散または溶解した液を噴霧しながら造粒する。得られる造粒物に崩壊剤、滑沢剤などの添加剤を加えて、混合後、圧縮成形することによって、内核錠を得る。
一方、賦形剤などの添加剤に、インスリン分泌促進薬およびポリオキシエチレンソルビタン脂肪酸エステル(好ましくはポリソルベート80)と結合剤などの添加剤とを溶媒(例、水)に分散または溶解した液を噴霧しながら造粒する。得られる造粒物に崩壊剤、滑沢剤などの添加剤を加えて、混合末とする。
この混合末を上記内核錠に外層として、圧縮成形することによって、本発明の固形製剤(有核錠)を製造する。
これら製造法のなかでも、上記5)が好ましく、上記5)で得られた固形製剤は、インスリン抵抗性改善薬およびインスリン分泌促進薬の溶出性に優れ、特に、「有効成分としてインスリン分泌促進薬のみを含有する固形製剤」と同等に優れたインスリン分泌促進薬の溶出性を有する。さらに、上記5)で得られた固形製剤は、インスリン分泌促進薬の含量均一性に優れる。
本発明の固形製剤は、単一製剤(例えば、1個の錠剤)あたりのインスリン分泌促進薬含量のばらつきが少なく、保存安定性に優れ、かつ安定した薬効を奏する製剤として有用である。
前記「インスリン抵抗性改善薬を含む層」は、賦形剤(例、乳糖)および結合剤(好ましくはポビドン)を含有することが好ましく、さらに、崩壊剤(例、クロスカルメロースナトリウム)および滑沢剤(例、ステアリン酸マグネシウム)を含有することができる。該「インスリン抵抗性改善薬を含む層」が結合剤としてポビドンを含有する場合には、インスリン抵抗性改善薬の溶出挙動に優れた固形製剤(例えば、安定した溶出パターンを有し、各製剤間での溶出パターン(特に、溶出初期での溶出パターン)のバラツキが小さい固形製剤)が得られる。
「インスリン抵抗性改善薬を含む層」におけるインスリン抵抗性改善薬は、好ましくは塩酸ピオグリタゾンである。
「インスリン分泌促進薬およびポリオキシエチレンソルビタン脂肪酸エステルを含む層」におけるインスリン分泌促進薬およびポリオキシエチレンソルビタン脂肪酸エステルは、好ましくはそれぞれグリメピリドおよびポリソルベート80である。
上記した「インスリン抵抗性改善薬を含む層と、インスリン分泌促進薬およびポリオキシエチレンソルビタン脂肪酸エステルを含む層とからなる固形製剤」は、好ましくは上記5)の製造法で得られる固形製剤(好ましくは積層錠)である。
ここで、インスリン抵抗性改善薬の有効量は、例えば成人(体重60kg)1人あたり、通常0.01〜500mg/日、好ましくは0.1〜100mg/日である。
とりわけ、インスリン抵抗性改善薬が塩酸ピオグリタゾンである場合、塩酸ピオグリタゾンの有効量は、成人(体重60kg)1人あたり、通常7.5〜60mg/日、好ましくは15〜60mg/日である。
また、インスリン抵抗性改善薬がマレイン酸ロシグリタゾンである場合、マレイン酸ロシグリタゾンの有効量は、成人(体重60kg)1人あたり、通常1〜12mg/日、好ましくは2〜8mg/日である。
とりわけ、インスリン分泌促進薬がスルホニルウレア剤(好ましくはグリメピリド)である場合、スルホニルウレア剤(好ましくはグリメピリド)の有効量は、成人(体重60kg)1人あたり、通常0.1〜100mg/日、好ましくは1〜10mg/日である。
本発明の固形製剤は、好ましくは塩酸ピオグリタゾンおよびグリメピリドを含有する固形製剤であり、さらに好ましくは塩酸ピオグリタゾン30mgおよびグリメピリド2mgを含有する錠剤(好ましくは積層錠)、塩酸ピオグリタゾン30mgおよびグリメピリド4mgを含有する錠剤(好ましくは積層錠)、塩酸ピオグリタゾン45mgおよびグリメピリド4mgを含有する錠剤(好ましくは積層錠)などである。
併用薬剤の投与量は、臨床上用いられている用量を基準として適宜選択することができる。また、本発明の固形製剤と併用薬剤の配合比は、投与対象、投与ルート、対象疾患、症状、組み合わせなどにより適宜選択することができる。例えば投与対象がヒトである場合、固形製剤1重量部に対し、併用薬剤を0.01ないし100重量部用いればよい。
このように、併用薬剤を用いることにより、1)本発明の固形製剤または併用薬剤の作用の増強効果(薬剤作用の相乗効果)、2)本発明の固形製剤または併用薬剤の投与量の低減効果(単独投与時と比較した場合の薬剤投与量の低減効果)、3)本発明の固形製剤または併用薬剤の二次的な作用の低減効果などの優れた効果が得られる。
なお、以下の実施例において、製剤添加剤(例、乳糖、ヒドロキシプロピルセルロース、クロスカルメロースナトリウム、ステアリン酸マグネシウム、結晶セルロース、ポリソルベート80)としては、日本薬局方第14改正あるいは医薬品添加物規格2003適合品を用いた。
別途、塩酸ピオグリタゾン(82.65g)および乳糖(190.85g)の混合物を、ヒドロキシプロピルセルロース(7.5g)の水溶液150gをスプレーすることにより流動層造粒し(パウレック社、LAB-1)し、塩酸ピオグリタゾンを含有する造粒物を得た。
上記したグリメピリドを含有する造粒物(14.05g)および塩酸ピオグリタゾンを含有する造粒物(14.05g)とクロスカルメロースナトリウム(1.8g)およびステアリン酸マグネシウム(0.1g)とを混合した。得られる混合物(240mg)をオートグラフ(島津製作所、AG-50kN)を用いて、1.0t/cm2(8.5mmφ平面隅角)の打錠圧で成型することにより錠剤を得た。
このグリメピリドを含有する混合末(120mg)、および実施例2で得られた塩酸ピオグリタゾンを含有する造粒物(28.1g)にクロスカルメロースナトリウム(1.8g)、ステアリン酸マグネシウム(0.1g)を加えた混合末(120mg)をオートグラフ(島津製作所、AG-50kN)を用いて、1.0t/cm2(8.5mmφ平面隅角)の打錠圧で積層状に成型することにより積層錠を得た。
別途、塩酸ピオグリタゾン(496g)、乳糖(1072g)およびクロスカルメロースナトリウム(108g)の混合物に、ポビドン(54g)の水溶液540gをスプレーすることにより流動層造粒(パウレック社、MP-10)した。同様に7バッチ造粒し、得られる造粒物を混合した。得られる混合物の一部(11147.6g)に、クロスカルメロースナトリウム(406g)およびステアリン酸マグネシウム(46.4g)を加えて混合し、塩酸ピオグリタゾンを含有する混合末を得た。
このようにして得られたグリメピリドを含有する混合末(90mg)および塩酸ピオグリタゾンを含有する混合末(120mg)をロータリー式打錠機(菊水製作所 AQUARIUS 0512LD2AX)を用いて、5.5kN/punch(8.0mmφR面)の打錠圧で積層状に成型することにより、1錠あたり塩酸ピオグリタゾン30mgおよびグリメピリド2mgを含有する積層錠を得た。
このグリメピリドを含有する混合末(120mg)、および実施例2で得られた塩酸ピオグリタゾンを含有する造粒物28.1gにクロスカルメロースナトリウム(1.8g)、ステアリン酸マグネシウム(0.1g)を加えた混合末(120mg)を、オートグラフ(島津製作所、AG-50kN)を用いて、1.0t/cm2(8.5mmφ平面隅角)の打錠圧で積層状に成型することにより積層錠を得た。
Claims (6)
- インスリン抵抗性改善薬、インスリン分泌促進薬およびポリオキシエチレンソルビタン脂肪酸エステルを含有してなる固形製剤。
- インスリン抵抗性改善薬が塩酸ピオグリタゾンである請求項1記載の固形製剤。
- インスリン分泌促進薬がスルホニルウレア剤である請求項1記載の固形製剤。
- スルホニルウレア剤がグリメピリドである請求項3記載の固形製剤。
- ポリオキシエチレンソルビタン脂肪酸エステルがポリソルベート80である請求項1記載の固形製剤。
- 塩酸ピオグリタゾン、グリメピリドおよびポリソルベート80を含有してなる固形製剤。
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JP2009520681A (ja) * | 2005-12-22 | 2009-05-28 | 武田薬品工業株式会社 | 固形製剤 |
JP2010517937A (ja) * | 2007-02-01 | 2010-05-27 | 武田薬品工業株式会社 | アログリプチンおよびピオグリタゾンを含有する固形製剤 |
US8637079B2 (en) | 2007-02-01 | 2014-01-28 | Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited | Solid preparation comprising alogliptin and pioglitazone |
JP2012520879A (ja) * | 2009-03-20 | 2012-09-10 | スマートセルズ・インコーポレイテツド | 末端官能基化コンジュゲートおよびその用途 |
JP2011046665A (ja) * | 2009-08-28 | 2011-03-10 | Toa Eiyo Ltd | グリメピリド含有固形製剤 |
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