JP2005144306A - メタン発酵処理方法 - Google Patents
メタン発酵処理方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2005144306A JP2005144306A JP2003384479A JP2003384479A JP2005144306A JP 2005144306 A JP2005144306 A JP 2005144306A JP 2003384479 A JP2003384479 A JP 2003384479A JP 2003384479 A JP2003384479 A JP 2003384479A JP 2005144306 A JP2005144306 A JP 2005144306A
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- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 98
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 100
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 68
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- JVMRPSJZNHXORP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ON=O.ON=O.ON=O.N Chemical compound ON=O.ON=O.ON=O.N JVMRPSJZNHXORP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia nh3 Chemical compound N.N XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000010815 organic waste Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 61
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 38
- 241001453382 Nitrosomonadales Species 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000002921 fermentation waste Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M Nitrite anion Chemical compound [O-]N=O IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 12
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 17
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000006396 nitration reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrous acid Chemical compound ON=O IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 22
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 15
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 14
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000014509 gene expression Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 description 3
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910017464 nitrogen compound Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000002830 nitrogen compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000036962 time dependent Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000283690 Bos taurus Species 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000282887 Suidae Species 0.000 description 1
- MMDJDBSEMBIJBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[NH6+3] Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[NH6+3] MMDJDBSEMBIJBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- -1 ammonium ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004069 differentiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000036284 oxygen consumption Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
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- Purification Treatments By Anaerobic Or Anaerobic And Aerobic Bacteria Or Animals (AREA)
- Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
【解決手段】 有機性廃棄物をメタン発酵槽1内に投入し、嫌気性微生物によりメタン発酵させて発酵廃液として取り出した後、この発酵廃液を間欠曝気槽3に投入して間欠曝気処理を行なうメタン発酵処理方法であって、空気曝気において、間欠曝気槽3内のアンモニア酸化菌の菌数が増加し、かつ、亜硝酸酸化菌の菌数が減少するように、空気曝気の時間及び温度を調整して、アンモニア性窒素を亜硝酸性窒素に転換させる。
【選択図】 図1
Description
前記空気曝気において、前記活性汚泥槽内のアンモニア酸化菌の菌数が増加し、かつ、亜硝酸酸化菌の菌数が減少するように、前記空気曝気の時間及び温度を調整して、アンモニア性窒素を亜硝酸性窒素に転換させることを特徴とする。
NO2 −+1/2O2→NO3 −・・・・・・・・・・・・(2)
2NO2 −+6H→N2+2H2O+2OH−・・・・・・・・(3)
2NO3 −+10H→N2+4H2O+2OH− ・・・・・・・(4)
ここで、本発明の方法によれば、活性汚泥槽内のアンモニア酸化菌の菌数が増加し、かつ、亜硝酸酸化菌の菌数が減少するように空気曝気の時間及び温度を調整したので、上記の反応のうち、硝化反応においては、アンモニア性窒素を亜硝酸性窒素に転換させる(1)式の反応のみが進行して亜硝酸で止まり(2)式の反応が進行しなくなる。したがって、(2)式の酸素分が不要となるので、空気曝気に必要な酸素量(空気量)を最大25%削減できる。
NO2 −+1/2O2→NO3 −・・・・・・・・・・・・(2)
硝化反応に関係する微生物は、アンモニア酸化菌と亜硝酸酸化菌である。アンモニア酸化菌と亜硝酸酸化菌の増殖速度には違いがあり、15℃程度以上の温度条件においては、亜硝酸酸化菌よりアンモニア酸化菌の増殖速度の方が速く、高温条件ほどその差は大きくなることが知られている(L.G.J.M.van Dongen, M.S.M.Jetten, M.C.M.van Loosdrecht, The Combined Sharon/Anammox Process, STOWA Report, IWA Publishing, 2001, p8)。
2 供給ポンプ
3 間欠曝気槽
4 温度計
5 攪拌機
6 pH計
7 曝気装置
8 温度調節装置
9 溶存酸素計
10 アンモニア計
Claims (7)
- 有機性廃棄物をメタン発酵槽内に投入し、嫌気性微生物によりメタン発酵させて発酵廃液として取り出した後、この発酵廃液を活性汚泥槽に投入して空気曝気と曝気停止とを交互に繰り返す間欠曝気処理を行い、前記発酵廃液中のアンモニアを窒素ガスに転換して除去するメタン発酵処理方法であって、
前記空気曝気において、前記活性汚泥槽内のアンモニア酸化菌の菌数が増加し、かつ、亜硝酸酸化菌の菌数が減少するように、前記空気曝気の時間及び温度を調整して、アンモニア性窒素を亜硝酸性窒素に転換させることを特徴とするメタン発酵処理方法。 - 前記空気曝気の時間を、前記アンモニア性窒素を前記亜硝酸性窒素に転換させる反応が終了する時間の1〜1.5倍とする請求項1に記載のメタン発酵処理方法。
- 前記アンモニア性窒素を前記亜硝酸性窒素に転換させる反応が終了する時間を、前記活性汚泥槽内のpH、溶存酸素、アンモニア濃度より選択される少なくとも1つを測定することにより決定する請求項2に記載のメタン発酵処理方法。
- 前記空気曝気の時間の上限値及び下限値をあらかじめ設定しておき、前記アンモニア性窒素を前記亜硝酸性窒素に転換させる反応が終了する時間が、この上限値又は下限値を超えた場合に前記空気曝気を終了させる請求項2又は3のいずれか1つに記載のメタン発酵処理方法。
- 前記空気曝気を、前記アンモニア酸化菌の増殖速度が前記亜硝酸酸化菌の増殖速度より高くなる温度で行う請求項1〜4のいずれか1つに記載のメタン発酵処理方法。
- 前記空気曝気を25〜35℃で行う請求項1〜5のいずれか1つに記載のメタン発酵処理方法。
- 前記空気曝気と曝気停止とを交互に繰り返すサイクルが1〜4時間である請求項1〜6のいずれか1つに記載のメタン発酵処理方法。
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Cited By (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2006289277A (ja) * | 2005-04-12 | 2006-10-26 | Tsukishima Kikai Co Ltd | 亜硝酸型の硝化脱窒方法、アンモニア性窒素含有液の硝化脱窒方法及び亜硝酸型の硝化脱窒設備 |
JP2007029882A (ja) * | 2005-07-28 | 2007-02-08 | Fuji Electric Holdings Co Ltd | 窒素含有廃液の処理方法 |
JP2008136958A (ja) * | 2006-12-04 | 2008-06-19 | Fuji Electric Holdings Co Ltd | メタン発酵処理システム |
JP2008136959A (ja) * | 2006-12-04 | 2008-06-19 | Fuji Electric Holdings Co Ltd | 有機性廃液処理方法及び有機性廃液処理装置 |
JP2008142604A (ja) * | 2006-12-07 | 2008-06-26 | Fuji Electric Holdings Co Ltd | 消泡方法及び消泡制御装置 |
JP2008142605A (ja) * | 2006-12-07 | 2008-06-26 | Fuji Electric Holdings Co Ltd | 醗酵廃液処理方法及び発酵廃液処理装置 |
JP2008161798A (ja) * | 2006-12-28 | 2008-07-17 | Fuji Electric Holdings Co Ltd | 窒素含有廃液の処理方法 |
JP2009082811A (ja) * | 2007-09-28 | 2009-04-23 | Fuji Electric Holdings Co Ltd | 廃液処理装置および廃液処理方法 |
JP2009119329A (ja) * | 2007-11-13 | 2009-06-04 | Fuji Electric Holdings Co Ltd | 窒素含有廃液の処理方法 |
JP2010110706A (ja) * | 2008-11-07 | 2010-05-20 | Obihiro Univ Of Agriculture & Veterinary Medicine | 有機性廃棄物の処理システムおよび方法 |
JP2015024369A (ja) * | 2013-07-26 | 2015-02-05 | 株式会社クボタ | 好気嫌気兼用反応槽およびその運転方法 |
JP2016135467A (ja) * | 2015-01-23 | 2016-07-28 | 三井造船環境エンジニアリング株式会社 | 回分式脱窒処理装置、脱窒処理用回分槽及び回分式脱窒処理方法 |
JP2020044472A (ja) * | 2018-09-14 | 2020-03-26 | 日立造船株式会社 | 溶液処理システム、および、溶液処理方法 |
-
2003
- 2003-11-14 JP JP2003384479A patent/JP3772882B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (17)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JP2006289277A (ja) * | 2005-04-12 | 2006-10-26 | Tsukishima Kikai Co Ltd | 亜硝酸型の硝化脱窒方法、アンモニア性窒素含有液の硝化脱窒方法及び亜硝酸型の硝化脱窒設備 |
JP2007029882A (ja) * | 2005-07-28 | 2007-02-08 | Fuji Electric Holdings Co Ltd | 窒素含有廃液の処理方法 |
JP4716265B2 (ja) * | 2006-12-04 | 2011-07-06 | 富士電機株式会社 | 有機性廃液処理方法及び有機性廃液処理装置 |
JP2008136958A (ja) * | 2006-12-04 | 2008-06-19 | Fuji Electric Holdings Co Ltd | メタン発酵処理システム |
JP2008136959A (ja) * | 2006-12-04 | 2008-06-19 | Fuji Electric Holdings Co Ltd | 有機性廃液処理方法及び有機性廃液処理装置 |
JP4743099B2 (ja) * | 2006-12-07 | 2011-08-10 | 富士電機株式会社 | 消泡方法及び消泡制御装置 |
JP2008142605A (ja) * | 2006-12-07 | 2008-06-26 | Fuji Electric Holdings Co Ltd | 醗酵廃液処理方法及び発酵廃液処理装置 |
JP4743100B2 (ja) * | 2006-12-07 | 2011-08-10 | 富士電機株式会社 | 醗酵廃液処理方法及び発酵廃液処理装置 |
JP2008142604A (ja) * | 2006-12-07 | 2008-06-26 | Fuji Electric Holdings Co Ltd | 消泡方法及び消泡制御装置 |
JP2008161798A (ja) * | 2006-12-28 | 2008-07-17 | Fuji Electric Holdings Co Ltd | 窒素含有廃液の処理方法 |
JP2009082811A (ja) * | 2007-09-28 | 2009-04-23 | Fuji Electric Holdings Co Ltd | 廃液処理装置および廃液処理方法 |
JP2009119329A (ja) * | 2007-11-13 | 2009-06-04 | Fuji Electric Holdings Co Ltd | 窒素含有廃液の処理方法 |
JP2010110706A (ja) * | 2008-11-07 | 2010-05-20 | Obihiro Univ Of Agriculture & Veterinary Medicine | 有機性廃棄物の処理システムおよび方法 |
JP2015024369A (ja) * | 2013-07-26 | 2015-02-05 | 株式会社クボタ | 好気嫌気兼用反応槽およびその運転方法 |
JP2016135467A (ja) * | 2015-01-23 | 2016-07-28 | 三井造船環境エンジニアリング株式会社 | 回分式脱窒処理装置、脱窒処理用回分槽及び回分式脱窒処理方法 |
JP2020044472A (ja) * | 2018-09-14 | 2020-03-26 | 日立造船株式会社 | 溶液処理システム、および、溶液処理方法 |
JP7048462B2 (ja) | 2018-09-14 | 2022-04-05 | 日立造船株式会社 | 溶液処理システム、および、溶液処理方法 |
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