JP2005117946A - Watering system for plant and watering method for plant - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a watering system for plants enabling raising plants without the need of laying a sheet for waterproof or root prevention on a rooftop of a building, watering plants without scattering water regardless of the environment of surroundings or troubling the surroundings even if a parapet is low or there is a wind, and preventing root rot through efficiently draining excess water at the time of heavy rain, of course, and usual rainfall and watering. <P>SOLUTION: This watering system is composed of a base foundation 1 forming a space part 31 between a floor 30 and arranged on the floor 30, a medium 20 for plant raising arranged on the top of the base foundation 1, arranged so that the lower surface come in contact with air by the space part 31, and made of an inorganic fiber, and a watering hose 40 arranged on the floor 30 and watering from the lower part of the medium 20. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a watering system for plants such as a natural lawn used for planting on the rooftops of buildings such as ordinary houses and buildings, in the vicinity of entrances and exits of verandas, balconies, entrances, parking lots, and the like, and a method of watering plants It is about.

  Conventionally, greening has been promoted by planting trees in large pots on the roof of buildings such as buildings, but recently, greening is expected as a countermeasure for the heat island phenomenon in urban areas. As is well known, there are few trees in the urban area, and the concrete of the building is exposed to the open air, and heat is absorbed by the concrete, which increases the cooling capacity in the building, and in combination with the exhaust heat, the urban area Then, it is a more vicious circle.

Therefore, various proposals have been made to green the building roof. For example, it is patent document 1 shown below.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 4-144611 (Japanese Patent Publication No. 7-7)

In this patent document 1, when greening the rooftop of a building, if the soil is laid on the rooftop, the weight of the soil is heavy, so the point of allowable loading load or the point where the soil is washed away by rainwater etc. For this reason, greening is being attempted by using synthetic fibers as the main material without using soil.
However, although soil is not used as a culture medium, there is a problem that a synthetic resin sheet that serves both as a waterproof and a root-proofing must be laid on the floor of the roof. Therefore, it is necessary to lay a waterproof sheet or a root-proof sheet on the entire roof of the building, and there is a problem that it takes time for the construction and the cost is high.

Moreover, considering from the viewpoint of drainage after construction, in Patent Document 1, although a drainage layer is provided in the lower layer, because the bottom surface of this drainage layer and the synthetic resin sheet are in close contact, a large amount of rain has fallen In some cases, drainage is poor and root rot may occur.
Furthermore, since there is no place where the root part of the plant is in direct contact with air, the structure is such that air, that is, oxygen cannot be supplied to the root from below.

  In the above-mentioned Patent Document 1, when watering a plant, the watering does not always give the optimum amount, and if the amount of watering is too small, the plant may wither, and conversely the amount of water is If the amount is too large, drainage of water is hindered by a sheet made of synthetic resin for water-stopping and root-prevention, which also causes root rot.

By the way, in the said patent document 1, although there is no description about watering to a culture medium, as a method of watering to planting natural grass etc., conventionally, (1) watering hose, (2) watering pipe, (3) sprinkler (4) There are drip-type pipes and seepage-type pipes.
Above (1)-(3) is a method of sprinkling water for planting from above, watering on the roof of the building with a sprinkler or sprinkler pipe, water is used when the parapet is low or there is wind. Scatters around and disturbs the surroundings. Also, if the watering area is large, it takes time and effort to water the watering hose.

  Therefore, in (4) above, watering is performed by burying a drip-type pipe or a seeping-out type pipe in the medium in the case of watering from above and watering by embedding in the medium. In some cases, there may be a difference in height or the pipe may be clogged (when the culture medium is soil), so that water cannot be injected well.

Moreover, as an example which embeds a pipe in a culture medium and waters, there exist patent document 2-patent document 4 shown below, for example.
JP-A-6-327367 JP-A-9-132955 JP 2000-324953 A

In Patent Document 2, rock wool is stuffed into a cultivation pad, and a irrigation tube is embedded in the rock wool, and water is discharged into the rock wool by the irrigation tube. Moreover, in patent document 3, the water absorption material which consists of a water reservoir part and cotton is arrange | positioned in the lower layer of a lawn, and the water supply pipe is provided in this absorber.
Further, in Patent Document 4, an irrigation pipe is provided above or inside a medium material made of rock wool felt.

However, in Patent Document 2, although the medium can be watered by an irrigation tube or the like embedded in rock wool, when the amount of water spraying is large, the bottom surface of rock wool is laid with a root-proof sheet, Since the drainage slit is small, there is a problem that root rot easily occurs due to excess water.
Further, in Patent Document 3, a moisture-proof material is laid on the lower surface of the water-absorbing material. Therefore, in the same manner as in Patent Document 2, if a large amount of water is sprayed, drainage is not performed, and root rot is caused by excess water. End up.

  Furthermore, in patent document 4, since the culture medium material is stored in the box-shaped base plate, the lower surface of the culture medium material is in a closed state, and therefore, when water is supplied from the irrigation pipe. If the amount of water supply is too large, there is a problem that root rot is caused by excess water.

This invention is provided in view of the above-mentioned problem, Comprising: The watering system of the plant which has the following objectives at least is provided.
(1) A plant, such as a natural lawn, can be grown without the need to lay a waterproof or root-proof sheet on the roof of the building.
(2) Even if the parapet is low or there is a wind, water should not be scattered regardless of the surrounding environment, so that water can be sprayed on the plant without disturbing the surroundings.
(3) Sprinkled water should be able to be supplied to the medium without waste.
(4) Preventing root rot by efficiently draining excess water during normal rainfall and watering as well as heavy rain.
(5) A space should be provided below the culture medium to stop the growth of roots extending downward from the culture medium and eliminate the need for a root-proof sheet.
(6) The construction of a watering hose is easy.

  Therefore, in the plant watering system according to claim 1 of the present invention, the base substrate 1 is formed on the floor surface 30 with the space 31 formed between the floor surface 30 and the upper surface of the base substrate 1. It is arrange | positioned so that the lower surface may contact with air by the said space part 31, and it is comprised with the inorganic fiber, and is arrange | positioned on the floor surface 30 and the culture medium 20 for plant growth of the said culture medium 20 It is characterized by comprising a watering hose 40 that sprays water from below.

  In the plant watering system according to claim 2, the space base 31 is formed between the floor surface 30 and the base base 1 disposed on the floor surface 30, and the base base 1 is disposed on the top surface of the base base 1. The space 31 is arranged so that the lower surface is in contact with air and is composed of inorganic fibers, and is composed of a plant growth medium 20, which is composed of an upper medium mat 21 and a lower medium mat 22. The water hose 40 is disposed between the upper layer medium mat 21 and the lower layer medium mat 22.

  In the plant watering system according to claim 3, a space 31 is formed between the base surface 1 and the floor surface 30, and the base substrate 1 is disposed on the floor surface 30. The space 31 is arranged so that the lower surface is in contact with air and is composed of inorganic fibers, and is composed of a plant growth medium 20, which is composed of an upper medium mat 21 and a lower medium mat 22. The sprinkling hose 40 is disposed between the upper layer medium mat 21 and the lower layer medium mat 22 and on the floor surface 30, respectively.

  In the plant watering system according to claim 4, three holes 41 are drilled in the width direction in the upper part of the watering hose 40, and a large number of these three holes 41 are drilled along the longitudinal direction of the watering hose 40. It is characterized by being.

  In the watering system for plants according to claim 5, the watering hose 40 is characterized in that three water passages 43a, 43b, 43c are arranged in parallel and are formed flat.

  In the plant watering system according to claim 6, the water passage 43a of the watering hose 40 sprinkles toward the upper left, the water passage 43b sprinkles upward, and the water passage 43c sprinkles upward to the right. It is characterized by doing so.

  In the plant watering system according to claim 7, one end of the watering hose 40 is closed, and a water supply timer unit 50 connected to tap water is provided on the other end of the watering hose 40. It is characterized in that water is supplied for an arbitrary time at an arbitrary time.

  In the watering method to the plant of Claim 8, the space part 31 is provided between the floor surface 30 and the lower surface of the culture medium 20 for plant growth, the watering hose 40 for watering is provided in this space part 31, and this The watering hose 40 sprays water from below the medium 20 toward the lower surface of the medium 20.

According to the watering system for plants of the present invention, when water is sprinkled from the watering hose 40 toward the culture medium 20, the culture medium 20 has an inorganic fiber structure, so that the water is moved upward or downward by capillary action. 20, and the excess water is transferred from the upper layer medium mat 21 of the inorganic fiber to the lower layer medium mat 22, and the water further falls from the lower surface of the lower layer medium mat 22. Then, the water dropped from the lower layer medium mat 22 flows from the floor surface 30 of the building to the existing drainage groove, and flows in the same manner as in the case of normal rainwater.
Therefore, the lower surface of the culture medium 20 is not laid with a waterproof / root-proof sheet as in the prior art, and the space 31 is provided by the base base 1, so that excess water during watering can be accumulated in the culture medium 20. The water is smoothly drained to the floor 30. Therefore, root rot does not occur in the culture medium 20.

Further, when the watering hose 40 is disposed between the upper layer medium mat 21 and the lower layer medium mat 22, the sprinkled water can be supplied to the medium 20 without waste, and of course, not only heavy rain but also normal rain Even during time and watering, excess water, such as when saturated, can be drained efficiently, and root rot can be reliably prevented.
Furthermore, since the watering hose 40 is not disposed on the upper surface of the upper layer medium mat 21, but is disposed on the lower surface side of the upper layer medium mat 21 or on the floor surface 30, the watering hose 40 appears on the appearance. There is no loss of aesthetics. In addition, the natural lawn 23 is not necessarily watered from the top, and it is only necessary to supply water to the roots. By sprinkling with the watering hose 40 from the lower side of the culture medium 20 or from the inside of the culture medium 20, watering can be performed on the roof of the building. Compared to sprinkling with sprinklers and sprinkling pipes, the rooftop parapets are low, and even if there is a wind, water does not scatter around, nor does it disturb the surroundings.

  In addition, three holes 41 are drilled in the width direction in the upper part of the watering hose 40, and a large number of these three holes 41 are drilled along the longitudinal direction of the watering hose 40. Can be watered.

  Further, the watering hose 40 has three water passages 43a, 43b, 43c arranged in parallel, and is formed flat, the water passage 43a of the watering hose 40 sprinkles toward the upper left, and the water passage 43b goes upward. Since the water passage 43c is sprinkled toward the upper right, the water can be uniformly sprayed on the lower surface and inside of the culture medium 20. Moreover, since the watering hose 40 is flat, even if it is simply disposed on the floor 30 or the upper surface of the lower layer medium mat 22, the position of the hole 41 is specified, so that the position of the hole 41 is not minded. It can arrange | position and the construction of the watering hose 40 becomes easy. Moreover, even if it is disposed on the upper surface of the lower layer medium mat 22, since the watering hose 40 is thin, the swelling of the upper layer medium mat 21 is not so noticeable, and even if it is stepped from above, it does not feel so uncomfortable.

  In addition, one end of the watering hose 40 is closed, and a water supply timer unit 50 connected to tap water is provided on the other end of the watering hose 40 so that the water supply timer unit 50 supplies water at an arbitrary time for an arbitrary time. Therefore, the watering to the greening unit A can be completely unmanned (automated), there is no need to go up to the rooftop and watering the greening unit A, and you will never forget the watering. Plants such as the natural lawn 23 of the greening unit A are not withered.

  Furthermore, a space 31 is provided between the floor surface 30 and the lower surface of the plant growth medium 20, and a watering hose 40 for watering is provided in the space 31. Since the watering method is such that water is sprayed toward the lower surface of the culture medium 20, the watering hose 40 does not appear in the appearance, the appearance is not impaired, and the natural lawn 23 is not necessarily watered from above. It is only necessary to supply water to the roots. By sprinkling water from the lower side of the culture medium 20 with the watering hose 40, the rooftop parapet is lower than watering with a sprinkler or watering pipe on the roof of the building. Even if there is a wind, water does not scatter around, and it does not bother others. Furthermore, since the watering hose 40 is only disposed on the space 31, that is, the floor surface 30, the construction (arrangement) of the watering hose 40 is easy.

(First embodiment)
Hereinafter, a first embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a front view of a greening unit A according to the present invention. The greening unit A is detachably disposed on a base base 1 directly laid on a rooftop or roof of a building or the like, and an upper surface of the base base 1. It is comprised with the culture medium 20 provided. FIG. 2 is a plan view of the base substrate 1.

In the plane portion of the base substrate 1, a plurality of vertical bars 3 are arranged at predetermined intervals inside the rectangular frame-like frame body 2, and are arranged at predetermined intervals on the vertical bars 3. The crosspieces 4 are orthogonally formed as a whole in a lattice shape. Then, a substantially cylindrical lower support column 5 is integrally suspended from the lower surface of the orthogonal portion intersecting every other strip of the vertical beam 3 and the horizontal beam 4. The lower support pillars 5 penetrate vertically, and the vertical dimensions of the lower support pillars 5 are the same.
In FIG. 1, the number of the lower supports 5 of the base board 1 is omitted as appropriate, and only four lower supports 5 are illustrated.

Here, in FIG. 2, the portion other than the solid line portion showing the frame 2 composed of the lower support column 5, the vertical beam 3 and the horizontal beam 4 is an opening 7 penetrating above and below a so-called perforated portion.
When the culture medium 20 is disposed on the upper surface of the base substrate 1, the lower surface of the culture medium 20 is in direct contact with air (outside air) through the opening 7. And the area where the lower surface of the culture medium 20 is in contact with the air is preferably as large as possible. Therefore, the width dimension of the vertical beam 3 or the horizontal beam 4 is preferably as short as possible.

Moreover, although the height dimension of the base board | substrate 1 is 20 mm in this example, for example, what is necessary is just a dimension in which the watering hose mentioned later is arrange | positioned. Moreover, it is not limited to 20 mm, What is necessary is just the dimension in which the lower surface of the culture medium 20 can contact air, for example, the height of the base board | substrate 1 shall be about 5 mm, and should just be at least 5 mm or more.
Further, a space 31 is formed between the floor surface 30 on which the base substrate 1 is laid and the lower surface of the medium 20, and the space 31 is formed by the base substrate 1, and the lower surface of the medium 20 is aired by the space 31. To make direct contact.

Here, although the material of the base substrate 1 can be made of plastic, metal, wood, etc., it is recycled to use recycled plastic from waste PET bottles that are currently collected and promoted in the market. This is a preferred example from the viewpoint of conversion.
Moreover, although the floor surface 30 has a flat shape, it is not necessarily a flat surface, and there are currently some unevenness and inclination, and even if these unevenness is present, the base substrate 1 is familiar. The base board 1 is flexible so that it does not rattle. However, the base substrate 1 may not be flexible due to the relationship with materials and costs.

Next, the structure or configuration of the culture medium 20 disposed on the upper surface of the base substrate 1 will be described. The mat-shaped medium 20 shown in FIG. 1 is made of rock wool, conventional pearlite, vermiculite, ceramic grains, organic fibers, resins, etc. without using any artificial soil such as a mixture of these and soil. Only inorganic fibers such as slag wool, rock wool, glass wool and ceramic wool are used as the material.
As described above, since the inorganic fiber is used as the material of the culture medium 20 (since soil is not used), when the greening unit A of the present invention is constructed on the rooftop of the building, it can be used during rainfall or irrigation. Muddy water (soil soup) does not flow out, and maintenance of the drain outlet on the building such as a building for that purpose is unnecessary.

The mat-shaped medium 20 is composed of a plurality of layers of an upper medium mat 21 as a seedling mat and a lower medium mat 22 as a growth mat as shown in the figure, and the upper medium mat 21 is a ground cover plant. A seed of a certain natural lawn is planted and germinated, and a natural lawn 23 is raised on the upper surface of the upper medium mat 21.
Further, the lower medium mat 22 allows the roots of the natural lawn 23 that has been extended by the upper layer medium mat 21 to permeate and grow the roots of the natural lawn 23.

Since the culture medium 20 is composed of inorganic fibers, there is an advantage that the water permeability, water retention, and fertilizer retention, which are the characteristics of the fiber, can be adjusted by the bulk density. In the present invention, using any of bulk density The bulk density of the medium 20 within the range of ^{60kg / m 3 ~200kg / m 3} .
In the present invention, in ^{particular, 80kg / m 3 ~120kg / m} 3 are preferred examples.

Moreover, the thickness of the upper layer medium mat 21 of the medium 20 is 25 mm in the embodiment, the thickness of the lower layer medium mat 22 is 35 mm, the vertical dimension of the base substrate 1 is 20 mm, and the overall height of the greening unit A is about 80 mm.
Further, since the upper layer medium mat 21 and the lower layer medium mat 22 are inorganic fibers, that is, fibrous, they have a high cushioning property when stepped from above when the direction of the fibers is set to the horizontal direction. However, when a person steps on the natural lawn 23 of the greening unit A, if there is too much cushioning, a sense of incongruity will be given even though the natural lawn 23 is used.

  Furthermore, when the muscle directions of the fibers of the upper layer medium mat 21 and the lower layer medium mat 22 are both in the horizontal direction, if the stepping pressure cannot be withstood and it can be stepped on the artificial ground for planting, There is also a risk that it will eventually become stale and the original cushioning properties may be lost.

  Therefore, in the present invention, as a result of trial and error, the mat-shaped culture medium 20 and the lower culture medium are used in the mat-shaped culture medium 20 as described above so as not to impair the cushioning properties originally provided and to prevent the matting medium from being settling against the stepping pressure. It is separated into two layers with the mat 22, and the direction of the fiber streaks of the upper medium mat 21 is set to the horizontal direction (see the horizontal waveform in FIG. 1), and the direction of the fiber streaks of the lower medium mat 22 is the vertical direction. (Refer to the vertical waveform in FIG. 1).

In the lower layer medium mat 22, the direction of the fibers is set to the vertical direction, so that it has durability against the stepping pressure, and therefore it is possible to prevent settling against the stepping pressure. At the same time, the upper layer medium mat 21 has the direction of the fibers in the horizontal direction, so that it can maintain cushioning when stepped on by a person, can give the same feeling as when stepping on the natural lawn on the ground, There is no sense of incongruity when stepping on the grass 23.
Thus, by setting the direction of the fibers of the lower layer medium mat 22 as the vertical direction and the direction of the fibers of the upper layer medium mat 21 disposed on the lower layer medium mat 22 as the horizontal direction, the stepping pressure of the fiber mat is set. It has the characteristics of two birds with one stone that can compensate for its weakness and can take advantage of the cushioning property that is an advantage of the fiber mat.

Here, when the natural lawn 23 grows to some extent, the roots of the natural lawn 23 extend from the upper layer medium mat 21 to the lower layer medium mat 22. Watering the natural lawn 23 is not necessarily performed from the top of the natural lawn 23, and water may be supplied to the roots of the natural lawn 23.
Therefore, in the present invention, watering is performed by a method that has never been considered before, and watering is performed by a watering hose 40 having a circular cross section from below the root of the natural lawn 23 as shown in FIG. It is a thing.

This watering hose 40 is arranged on the floor surface 30, and is arranged between the lower columns 5 as shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, and is shown on the upper surface of the watering hose 40 as shown in FIG. The hole 41 is perforated like this. And the origin of the watering hose 40 is directly connected with water supply, and the terminal of the watering hose 40 is obstruct | occluded with the instrument (not shown).
The holes 41 of the watering hose 40 are perforated at predetermined intervals along the longitudinal direction of the watering hose 40, and the water pressure inside the watering hose 40 sprinkles the water in a fountain shape as shown in FIG. (Injected). In addition, the space | interval of the hole 41 is not specifically limited, What is necessary is just to make it keep the water in the culture medium 20 efficiently. In the illustrated example, only one watering hose 40 is provided, but an appropriate number is provided. The watering hose 40 may be made of metal or flexible synthetic resin, and the holes 41 are appropriately drilled later.

Moreover, as shown in FIG. 6, the shape of the hole 41 of the watering hose 40 may be a slit-like long hole shape in addition to the circular shape. 4 and 6, only one hole 41 in the watering hose 40 is provided along the longitudinal direction, but three holes 41 may be formed in the lateral direction as shown in FIG.
FIG. 7A shows a case where the three holes 41 are linearly provided in the horizontal direction, and FIG. 7B shows a case where the three holes 41 are formed obliquely. In the case of FIG. 5, the water sprayed from the hole 41 is directly above, but by forming three holes 41 in the lateral direction, the watering hose is directly above and to the left and right as shown in FIG. 8. Water can be sprayed evenly above 40. Thereby, the area sprayed from the single watering hose 40 to the lower surface of the culture medium 20 can be widened, and the medium 20 can be efficiently sprayed evenly.

FIG. 9 shows a case where a plurality of watering hoses 40 shown in FIG. 4 are arranged. Since the water from the hole 41 of the watering hose 40 is only directly above, the area that can be sprinkled on the lower surface of the culture medium 20 is small. The space | interval between the watering hoses 40 arrange | positioned suitably is narrowed.
On the other hand, in the watering hose 40 in the case where the three holes 41 are formed in the lateral direction, the area that can be sprinkled on the lower surface of the culture medium 20 is large, so that the interval between the watering hoses 40 arranged as shown in FIG. Costs and material costs can be reduced.

When the medium 20 is sprinkled with the sprinkling hose 40 disposed on the floor 30, the medium 20 has an inorganic fiber structure, so that water is transmitted upward due to capillary action and the water penetrates into the medium 20. Go.
In the case where water is sprayed from above the upper medium mat 21 until the root grows to the vicinity of the lower part of the lower medium mat 22 immediately after planting the seed, and the root grows to the vicinity of the lower part of the lower medium mat 22, the floor surface It may be arranged only at 30 and watered by the watering hose 40.

  FIG. 11 shows another example of this embodiment, and shows a case where the watering hose 40 is disposed between the upper layer medium mat 21 and the lower layer medium mat 22. Specifically, a groove 42 having a substantially U-shaped cross section and having an open bottom surface is formed on the lower surface of the upper layer medium mat 21, the watering hose 40 is disposed on the upper surface of the lower layer medium mat 22, and the upper layer medium mat 21 is placed on the lower layer medium mat. The watering hose 40 is positioned in the groove 42 when disposed on the upper surface of the groove 22.

In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 12, three holes 41 are drilled on the upper side and three holes are drilled on the lower side, as shown in FIG. Thereby, water can be uniformly sprayed over a wide area on the upper layer medium mat 21 and the lower layer medium mat 22.
Further, since the sprinkled water is naturally transmitted from the upper layer medium mat 21 to the lower layer medium mat 22, only three holes 41 of the watering hose 40 may be formed on the upper side.

  When the watering hose 40 is disposed on the upper surface of the lower medium mat 22, the water is sufficiently transferred to the upper medium mat 21 due to the capillary phenomenon, and the roots of the natural lawn 23 are of course seeded. Water can be sufficiently supplied even immediately after winding.

FIG. 13 shows still another example of the present embodiment, and shows a case where the watering hose 40 is arranged between the upper layer medium mat 21 and the lower layer medium mat 22 and on the floor surface 30. In this example, water is sprinkled on the upper medium mat 21 side by the watering hose 40 disposed on the upper medium mat 21 side, and the lower medium mat 22 side is sprinkled by the watering hose 40 disposed on the floor surface 30. As a result, the medium 20 is sprayed efficiently and evenly.
In this case, the upper and lower sprinkling hoses 40 can sufficiently supply water to the upper-layer medium mat 21 and the lower-layer medium mat 22, and even if excessive water is supplied, excess water is efficiently supplied from the medium 20. Since drainage is possible, water does not accumulate in the medium 20 and cause root rot.

  In the above description, the cross section of the shape of the watering hose 40 is substantially circular. However, the material may be made of metal and the cross section may be substantially rectangular or triangular. If the cross section of the watering hose 40 is substantially circular, the positioning of the watering hole 41 may be difficult. Therefore, positioning the hole 41 and arranging the watering hose 40 itself is easy by making the cross-sectional shape rectangular. It becomes.

(Second Embodiment)
In the watering hose 40 of the previous embodiment, the cross section is substantially circular. However, in this embodiment, the watering hose 40 itself has a flat shape, as shown in FIGS. 43b and 43c are provided. The cross sections of the shapes of these water passages 43a, 43b, and 43c are laterally elliptical, and the vertical thickness of the watering hose 40 is about 6 mm.
Further, as shown in FIG. 15, slit-like holes 41 are provided at predetermined intervals above the water passages 43a, 43b, 43c of the watering hose 40, respectively. Then, water is jetted upward from the hole 41 of the central water passage 43b of the watering hose 40, water is jetted to the left from the hole 41 of the left water passage 43a, and the hole of the right water passage 43c is injected. From 41, water is jetted in the right direction. Needless to say, the hole 41 may be circular instead of slit-shaped.

  FIG. 14 shows a case where the base substrate 1 is disposed on the floor surface 30 in the space portion 31, and water is sprayed from the water passages 43 a, 43 b, 43 c of the watering hose 40 toward the lower surface of the lower layer medium mat 22. . As described above, the watering hose 40 is sprayed from the holes 41 of the three water passages 43a, 43b, and 43c in the direction directly above and to the left and right, so that water can be uniformly sprayed on the lower surface of the lower layer medium mat 22 over a wide area. can do.

  FIG. 17 shows a case where the watering hose 40 is disposed between the upper layer medium mat 21 and the lower layer medium mat 22. In this embodiment, since the watering hose 40 is thin, the watering hose 40 is connected to the lower layer medium mat 22. The upper layer medium mat 21 is simply placed on the upper surface of the upper layer. That is, unlike the previous embodiment, the disposing groove 42 is not formed, so that the labor of processing the groove 42 can be saved, and the increase in processing cost can be suppressed accordingly.

  FIG. 18 shows a case where the watering hose 40 is disposed between the upper layer medium mat 21 and the lower layer medium mat 22 and on the floor surface 30. In this example, water is sprinkled on the upper medium mat 21 side by the watering hose 40 disposed on the upper medium mat 21 side, and the lower medium mat 22 side is sprinkled by the watering hose 40 disposed on the floor surface 30. Thereby, the culture medium 20 is sprinkled efficiently and uniformly.

In each of the above embodiments, water is sprinkled from the watering hose 40 toward the culture medium 20, but when a large amount of water is sprinkled, the water penetrates into the culture medium 20, and excess water is transferred from the upper culture medium mat 21 to the lower culture medium. The water is transferred to the mat 22, and water further falls from the lower surface of the lower layer medium mat 22. Then, the water dropped from the lower layer medium mat 22 flows from the floor surface 30 of the building to the existing drainage groove, and flows in the same manner as in the case of normal rainwater.
Therefore, in the present invention, the bottom surface of the culture medium 20 is not laid with a waterproof / root-proof sheet as in the prior art, and the space portion 31 is provided by the base substrate 1, so that excess water at the time of watering is contained in the culture medium 20. The water is smoothly drained to the floor surface 30 without collecting.

  During rainfall or watering, or when fertilizer is applied, water permeates from the upper medium mat 21 to the lower medium mat 22. The upper medium mat 21 and the lower medium mat 22 of the inorganic fibers have good water retention and fertilizer compared to conventional soil and various artificial soils because of the fiber, and the upper medium mat 21 and the lower medium mat 22 Can give enough water.

Further, excess water passes through the lower layer medium mat 22 and flows down from the opening 7 of the base base 1 to the floor surface 30, and the water that has flowed down is drained from a roof drain or a drain outlet. In particular, since the lower layer medium mat 22 has the fiber streak direction as the vertical direction, drainage is better, and excess water can be drained smoothly. Moreover, since drainage is good, water does not stay and Legionella bacteria by staying water do not generate | occur | produce. In addition, since soil is not used for the culture medium 20 unlike the conventional case, soil does not flow at all, only excess water is drained, and there is no concern about turbid water (soil soup) and maintenance of the drain outlet. It becomes unnecessary. In particular, even in the case of heavy rain, it can be efficiently drained as extra water without accompanying muddy water.
Further, since the drainage is improved without accumulating excess water in the culture medium 20 in this way, conventionally, this kind of fiber that is poor in drainage and easily causes root rot can be used as the culture medium 20 in the present invention. It has become possible.

  In addition, oxygen (air) can be given to the roots of the natural lawn 23 also from the space 31 formed between the lower support 5 of the base substrate 1 and the floor surface 30. The root-proof layer (root-proof sheet) and waterproof layer (water-proof sheet), which were necessary for most artificial grounds, are completely unnecessary, and there is no need for new construction for existing buildings. Costs and material costs are eliminated, and there is a great merit that greening can be done at low cost.

  In particular, the greening unit A composed of the base substrate 1, the upper layer medium mat 21, and the lower layer medium mat 22 does not require waterproofing or root prevention measures for the construction surface such as the roof of a building or a paved parking lot, and can be applied as it is. It is. That is, since the space part 31 is formed between the construction surface (floor surface 30) and the lower surface of the base substrate 1, the drainage is improved, and oxygen is added to the roots through the space part 31. It is supplied using the fibrous voids. Furthermore, the root that has extended to the lower surface of the lower layer medium mat 22 comes into contact with the air in the opening 7 of the base substrate 1 and stops growing, and the root does not extend into the space 31. Therefore, root prevention measures are not required for the construction surface such as the floor surface 30.

  Moreover, by providing the space part 31 between the lower surface of the lower layer medium mat 22 and the floor surface 30 by the base substrate 1 as described above, the watering hose 40 is connected to the floor surface 30 or the floor surface 30 and the lower layer medium mat. The water that has flowed down when water is sprinkled on the medium 20 by being disposed on the upper surface of the medium 22 or only on the upper surface of the lower layer medium mat 22 and excess water discharged from the medium 20 is drained without staying in the medium 20. Will be.

In particular, the watering hose 40 is not disposed on the upper surface of the upper layer medium mat 21, but is disposed on the lower surface side of the upper layer medium mat 21 or on the floor surface 30, so that the watering hose 40 appears on the appearance. There is no loss of aesthetics. In addition, the natural lawn 23 is not necessarily watered from above, it is only necessary to supply water to the roots, and the idea that water is sprayed by the watering hose 40 from the lower side of the culture medium 20 is also made for the first time in the present invention.
In addition, water is sprinkled from the top of the culture medium 20 from below to the top of the culture medium 20 and from the inside of the culture medium 20 with the watering hose 40, so that water is sprinkled on the roof of the building with a sprinkler or sprinkling pipe. Compared to sprinkling water, the rooftop parapets are low, and even if there is a wind, water does not scatter around, and it does not bother the surroundings.

When the watering hose 40 is provided only on the floor surface 30, water hardly penetrates into the upper layer medium mat 21 through the lower layer medium mat 22, so that the roots to the lower layer medium mat 22 after the growth of the natural lawn 23 are rooted. This is particularly effective when the is growing.
However, considering efficient water supply to the upper layer medium mat 21, it is a preferable example to arrange the watering hose 40 on the upper surface of the lower layer medium mat 22, and the cost can be reduced. Further, in this case, the upper medium mat 21 can be sufficiently supplied with the watering hose 40, and the water supplied to the upper medium mat 21 gradually permeates the lower medium mat 22, so that the efficiency of the entire medium 20 is improved. Water can be supplied well.

FIG. 19 shows a case where a large number of greening units A are laid on the roof of the building, and the greening units A formed in a predetermined size are sequentially laid. When the watering hose 40 is disposed only on the floor surface 30, the greening unit A is laid after the watering hose 40 is disposed first.
When the watering hose 40 is laid on the upper surface of the lower layer medium mat 22, the base substrate 1 and the lower layer medium mat 22 are laid first, and after the watering hose 40 is disposed thereafter, the upper layer medium mat 21. Is laid on the upper surface of the lower layer medium mat 22. The watering hose 40 can be arranged in two locations: only on the floor surface 30, only on the upper surface of the lower layer medium mat 22, and on the floor surface 30 and the upper surface of the lower layer medium mat 22. Any of the cases may be used.

  The end portion of the watering hose 40 is closed with a tool (not shown), the other end portion is connected to the connection tool 45, and the connection tools 45 are connected to the hose 46 by piping. Further, a water supply timer unit 50 is provided on the water supply source side, and an output side of the water supply timer unit 50 is connected to a hose 46 and an input side is connected to a water supply side hose 47.

FIG. 20 shows a block diagram of the water supply timer unit 50. The water supply timer unit 50 includes, for example, a watering time setting unit 51 for setting watering times such as 7 o'clock in the morning and 6 o'clock in the evening, and a time for watering. For example, a watering time setting unit 52 for setting a watering time of 15 minutes, 20 minutes, etc., a watering day setting unit 53 for setting watering days such as every day or every other day, and each of these settings The control part 54 etc. which open / close-control the solenoid valve 55 in response to the signal from the parts 51-53 are comprised. In addition, this control part 54 is comprised by the microcomputer, for example.
The watering time setting unit 51 can set an arbitrary time, the watering time setting unit 52 can set the watering only for an arbitrary time, and the watering date setting unit 53 can set any day of the week or one month. It can be set to any day.

  By interposing this water supply timer unit 50 between the water supply side and the greening unit A, watering to the greening unit A can be completely unmanned (automated), and each time the greening unit A goes up to the rooftop. It is not necessary to spray the water, and since the watering is not forgotten, the natural lawn 23 of the greening unit A is not withered.

As described above, in this embodiment, an inorganic fiber medium is used as the medium 20 of the greening unit A, and the base substrate 1 is used to form the space 31 between the lower surface of the medium 20 and the floor surface 30. Assuming that the watering hose 40 is installed, it is possible to efficiently and evenly supply water to the culture medium 20 from the lower surface or intermediate layer of the culture medium 20. In addition, air can be sent to the roots by the base substrate 1, and the water saturated with the inorganic fiber medium 20 can be drained efficiently. In addition, although it is the dimension (the dimension of the up-down direction of the base base 1) of the space part 31, it should just be the range of 5 mm-30 mm, and since the thickness of the greening unit A will become thick too much if it is a dimension of 30 mm or more, the above-mentioned Within the range of the dimensions is a preferred example. Of course, it is necessary to secure the thickness of the watering hose 40 to be used.
Note that conventional watering pipes and seepage pipes are not suitable for the inorganic fiber culture medium due to the pressure difference due to the difference in height of the floor surface 30 or the diameter of the pipes.

Further, when the watering hose 40 is disposed on the upper surface of the lower layer medium mat 22, the water from the watering hose 40 can be supplied to the upper layer medium mat 21 and the lower layer medium mat 22 without waste. Further, when the watering hose 40 is disposed on the floor surface 30, the watering hose 40 is simply disposed on the floor surface 30, so that the watering hose 40 can be easily constructed. In particular, in the case of the flat watering hose 40 shown in FIG. 15, since the position of the hole 41 is specified, it is only necessary to arrange the watering hose 40 without considering the position of the hole 41, and the construction is easy. Become.
Further, in the case of the flat watering hose 40 shown in FIG. 15, when the watering hose 40 is disposed between the upper layer medium mat 21 and the lower layer medium mat 22, the watering hose 40 itself is thin. The bulge on the top surface of the is not very noticeable, and even when stepped on from above, it does not feel so uncomfortable.

(Third embodiment)
FIG. 21 shows a third embodiment. In this embodiment, the culture medium 20 is not a double layer but a single layer, and the bulk density of the culture medium 20 is 120 kg / m ³ . Of course, the bulk density of the medium 20 is not limited thereto, but may be used any bulk density in the range of ^{60kg / m 3 ~200kg / m 3} .
In the previous embodiment, since the upper layer medium mat 21 and the lower layer medium mat 22 are two layers, when the watering hose 40 is disposed only on the floor surface 30, is the water permeating into the upper layer medium mat 21 smooth? There is no fear.

However, in the present embodiment, since the medium 20 and the medium 20 are formed in a single layer, even when water is sprinkled by the watering hose 40 disposed on the floor surface 30, water penetrates to the top of the medium 20 due to the capillary phenomenon of the medium 20 of inorganic fibers, and the efficiency Can spray water well.
Of course, when the culture medium 20 is saturated by the water supply, excess water is drained from the lower surface of the culture medium 20 without causing root rot, and the water that has fallen is drained through the existing drainage channels and drainage ports. The

  In the previous embodiment, the case where the greening unit A is mainly constructed on the rooftop of the building has been described. However, the greening unit A of the present invention is not limited to the rooftop of the building, but near the entrances of verandas, balconies, entrances, etc. It can also be applied to parking lots. Moreover, the construction surface is not limited to concrete but can be easily and easily constructed on general ground.

  Moreover, although the plant of the greening unit A demonstrated the case of the natural lawn 23 in previous embodiment, not only the natural lawn 23 but another plant may be sufficient. Furthermore, the shape of the base substrate 1 is not limited to that shown in the figure, and a space 31 is formed between the lower surface of the culture medium 20 and the floor surface 30 so that the lower surface of the culture medium 20 can be in contact with air in the widest possible area. Any shape can be used.

(Fourth embodiment)
A fourth embodiment is shown in FIG. In this embodiment, the upper upper medium mat 21 is divided into two, and a flat watering hose 40 is vertically disposed between the divided upper medium mats 21. Three water passages 43a, 43b, 43c are arranged in the vertical direction, and holes (not shown) are drilled on both sides of the water passages 43a, 43b, 43c so as to inject water laterally. .
Also in this embodiment, the same effects as in the previous embodiment are achieved.

  In each embodiment, the watering hose 40 is disposed in the space 31 on the floor surface 30 and the watering hose 40 sprays water from below the medium 20 toward the lower surface of the medium 20. Since it is a method, the watering hose 40 does not appear in the appearance, the aesthetic appearance is not impaired, and the natural lawn 23 is not necessarily watered from above. Sprinkling with the sprinkler hose 40 means that the rooftop parapets are lower than the sprinklers and sprinkler pipes used for watering on the rooftop of the building, and even if there is wind, water can scatter around. There is no inconvenience to others. Furthermore, since the watering hose 40 is only disposed on the space 31, that is, the floor surface 30, the construction (arrangement) of the watering hose 40 is easy.

It is a top view of the greening unit at the time of arrange | positioning the watering hose in the 1st Embodiment of this invention on a floor surface. It is a top view of the base board | substrate in the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a top view of the tree planting unit in the 1st embodiment of the present invention. It is a principal part top view of the watering hose in the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing of the watering hose in the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the other example of the hole of the watering hose in the 1st Embodiment of this invention. (A) (b) is a figure which shows the arrangement | positioning state of the hole of the watering hose in the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the injection state of the watering hose in the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the state which has arrange | positioned the three watering hoses in the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the state which has arrange | positioned the two watering hoses in the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the case where the watering hose is arrange | positioned on the upper surface of the lower layer culture mat in the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing of the watering hose in the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the case where the watering hose in the 1st Embodiment of this invention is arrange | positioned on the floor surface and the upper surface of the lower layer culture mat. It is a figure at the time of arrange | positioning the watering hose in the 2nd Embodiment of this invention on the upper surface of a floor surface. It is explanatory drawing of the watering hose in the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the arrangement | positioning state of the hole of the watering hose in the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure at the time of arrange | positioning the watering hose in the 2nd Embodiment of this invention on the upper surface of a lower layer culture mat. It is a figure at the time of arrange | positioning the watering hose in the 2nd Embodiment of this invention on the floor surface and the upper surface of the lower layer culture | cultivation mat. It is a figure at the time of constructing many greening units in an embodiment of the invention. It is a block diagram of the water supply timer part in embodiment of this invention. It is a front view of the tree planting unit in the 3rd embodiment of the present invention. It is a front view of the greening unit in the 4th Embodiment of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

A Greening Unit 1 Base Base 20 Medium 21 Upper Medium Mat 22 Lower Layer Medium Mat 23 Natural Lawn 30 Floor 31 Space 40 Watering Hose 41 Hole 43a, 43b, 43c Waterway 50 Water Supply Timer

Claims (8)

  A space base (31) is formed between the floor surface (30) and a base substrate (1) disposed on the floor surface (30), and the space is disposed on the upper surface of the base substrate (1). The bottom surface is arranged by the part (31) so as to be in contact with air and is composed of inorganic fibers. The medium (20) for plant growth and the medium (20) are disposed on the floor surface (30). And a watering hose (40) having a watering hole (41) for watering from below.   A space base (31) is formed between the floor surface (30) and a base substrate (1) disposed on the floor surface (30), and the space is disposed on the upper surface of the base substrate (1). The bottom surface is arranged by the part (31) so as to be in contact with air and is composed of inorganic fibers, and is composed of a medium for plant growth (20), the medium (20) being an upper medium mat (21) And a lower layer medium mat (22), and a watering hose (40) is disposed between the upper layer medium mat (21) and the lower layer medium mat (22). Watering system.   A space base (31) is formed between the floor surface (30) and a base substrate (1) disposed on the floor surface (30), and the space is disposed on the upper surface of the base substrate (1). The bottom surface is arranged by the part (31) so as to be in contact with air and is composed of inorganic fibers, and is composed of a medium for plant growth (20), the medium (20) being an upper medium mat (21) And a lower layer medium mat (22), and a watering hose (40) is disposed between the upper layer medium mat (21) and the lower layer medium mat (22) and on the floor surface (30). Watering system for plants characterized by   Three holes (41) are drilled in the width direction in the upper part of the watering hose (40), and a large number of these three holes (41) are drilled along the longitudinal direction of the watering hose (40). The watering system for plants according to any one of claims 1 to 3.   The said watering hose (40) has three water flow paths (43a) (43b) (43c) arranged in parallel, and is formed in flatness, The any one of Claims 1-4 characterized by the above-mentioned. Plant watering system.   The water passage (43a) of the watering hose (40) is sprinkled toward the upper left, the water passage (43b) is sprinkled upward, and the water passage (43c) is sprinkled toward the upper right. The watering system for plants according to claim 5, wherein   One end of the watering hose (40) is closed and a water supply timer unit (50) connected to tap water is provided on the other end of the watering hose (40). The plant watering system according to claim 1, wherein water supply is performed for an arbitrary time. A space (31) is provided between the floor (30) and the lower surface of the plant growth medium (20), and a watering hose (40) for watering is provided in the space (31). 40) watering the plant from the lower side of the culture medium (20) toward the lower surface of the culture medium (20).

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