JP2005059916A - Method for reducing hazardous chemical substance diffused from interior building material - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for reducing a hazardous chemical substance contained in an interior building material by effectively adsorbing or removing a volatile organic compound such as aldehyde, toluene or xylene diffused from the building material during its storage or transportation. <P>SOLUTION: An activated carbon sheet 3A as well as an aldehyde catcher agent carrying sheet 3B or an activated carbon sheet applied with an aldehyde catcher agent is packed together with an interior building material 2 in packing the building material 2 using a packing material 1. By warming the packed body A during its storage or transportation at a temperature of 30°C or more, the diffusion of a hazardous chemical substance from the material 2 is accelerated and the substance is adsorbed in the activated carbon and aldehyde catcher agent of the sheet and removed. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention adsorbs and removes harmful chemical substances, such as formaldehyde and toluene, which are emitted from residential interior building materials, such as highly volatile organic compounds, during storage or transportation to remove harmful chemical substances contained in interior building materials. The present invention relates to a method of reducing.

  In recent years, in newly constructed and renovated houses, residents have complained of various health symptoms such as eye pain and allergies, so-called sick house syndrome, which has become a major social problem. The main cause of this is thought to be due to the presence of high concentrations of harmful chemical substances such as formaldehyde emitted from interior building materials and highly volatile organic compounds such as toluene and xylene in the room.

  In addition, once interior building materials with a large amount of harmful chemical substances released are brought indoors, coupled with recent highly airtight housing structures, harmful chemical substances released from interior building materials will remain indoors at a high concentration over a long period of time. The stagnation makes health damage even more serious. In this way, organic compounds such as formaldehyde and toluene are chemical substances harmful to the human body, but are components that constitute adhesives and paints that are indispensable for manufacturing interior building materials. The current situation is that it cannot be prohibited.

  On the other hand, the following means are known as methods that have been studied so far in order to reduce health damage caused by the harmful chemical substances released from the interior building materials. That is, when manufacturing interior building materials, add a chemical that reacts with the volatile chemicals and renders them harmless to the interior building materials to prevent chemicals from escaping indoors, A method of increasing the room temperature with a heating appliance, etc. to promote the release of chemical substances from the interior building materials and releasing almost all chemical substances in a short period of time, or a material that adsorbs chemical substances such as activated carbon and diatomaceous earth There is a method to install it indoors.

  However, these methods have problems in that the quality of interior building materials is reduced, the number of manufacturing steps is increased, and the number of additive materials is increased, resulting in a significant increase in cost. Therefore, in recent years, as a relatively simple and effective method for reducing harmful chemical substances, a chemical that chemically reacts with aldehydes is applied to packing materials for interior building materials, and the interior building materials are packed with this packing material for storage or transportation. A method of adsorbing and reducing formaldehyde diffused from interior building materials has been implemented (see, for example, Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2).

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-264962 (pages 2 and 3, FIG. 3). JP-A-11-227824 (pages 2 to 3).

  However, in the above method, only the aldehydes are selectively adsorbed and removed by the chemical agent, and there is no effect on removing volatile organic compounds such as toluene and xylene. In winter, the temperature during storage or transportation may be as low as 10 ° C or less. Under such a low temperature, the function of adsorbing and removing aldehydes by the above-mentioned chemicals may be reduced and the reaction may not proceed. It may occur. Furthermore, if the amount of aldehydes released from the interior building materials is large, the chemical will react in a short period of time and the amount of aldehydes cannot be reduced sufficiently, and the remaining aldehydes are released. There was a problem that the concentration of aldehydes in the room was high.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and its purpose is to store not only harmful formaldehyde emitted from interior building materials but also highly volatile organic compounds such as toluene and xylene. The object is to provide a method for reducing harmful chemical substances that can be effectively reduced during or during transportation.

  In order to achieve the above object, the method for reducing harmful chemical substances released from interior building materials according to the present invention, as described in claim 1, has activated carbon supported in the packaging body when packaging interior building materials. Among the sheets supporting the sheet and the aldehyde catcher agent, arrange at least a sheet supporting activated carbon, arrange a sheet supporting activated carbon and the aldehyde catcher agent, or arrange activated carbon and aldehyde. Among the catcher agents, after placing at least the activated carbon filled and containing air-permeable filler, heat the packed interior building materials at a temperature of 30 ° C or higher during storage or transportation. This facilitates the release of hazardous chemical substances from interior building materials, and adsorbs and removes hazardous chemical substances on activated carbon that is carried on the above-mentioned sheet or stored in a filler. The features.

  In the invention according to claim 2, the packing material in which at least activated carbon is coated or impregnated among the activated carbon and the aldehyde catcher agent on the packing surface, the coating layer or the impregnated layer is directed toward the interior building material side. After packing interior building materials with packaging materials, heat treatment at a temperature of 30 ° C or higher during storage or transportation of interior building materials promotes the release of harmful chemical substances from interior building materials, and the activated carbon coating layer Alternatively, this harmful chemical substance is adsorbed and removed by the impregnated layer.

  According to the invention according to claim 1, among the relatively inexpensive activated carbon and aldehyde catcher agent, at least a sheet carrying activated carbon, or among these activated carbon and aldehyde catcher agent, at least activated carbon is filled and stored. A toxic chemical such as aldehyde, toluene, xylene, etc. released from the interior building material into the package by a simple method of simply storing the air-permeable filling material such as a bag in the package containing the interior building material. Adsorption and removal can be reliably performed by the activated carbon and the aldehyde catcher agent. In this way, by combining activated carbon and an aldehyde catcher agent, not only aldehydes but also hydrophobic volatile organic compounds such as toluene and xylene can be removed, and comprehensive hazardous chemical substances emitted from interior building materials can be removed. Can be removed.

  Further, as in the invention according to claim 1, a sheet carrying activated carbon and an aldehyde catcher agent, or a filling body such as a bag filled with and containing these activated carbon and an aldehyde catcher agent is contained in the package. Instead of putting in, the packing material in which at least activated carbon is coated or impregnated among the activated carbon and the aldehyde catcher agent on the packing surface, and the coating layer or the impregnated layer is used as the interior building material. Even if the interior building material is packed with this packaging material toward the side, aldehydes, toluene, xylene, etc. that are emitted from the interior building material in the same manner as described above by the coating layer or impregnation layer of this activated carbon and the aldehyde catcher agent Hazardous chemical substances can be removed efficiently and reliably.

  In addition, because the packaged interior building materials are heated or stored at a temperature of 30 ° C or higher during storage or transportation, the release of harmful chemical substances from the interior building materials is promoted, and the activated carbon and aldehyde catcher agent are efficient. It can be adsorbed well, and the harmful chemical substances in the interior building materials can be reduced more effectively. In addition, adsorption and removal of these hazardous chemicals by activated carbon and aldehyde catcher is performed during storage or transportation of packed interior building materials, so there is no need to increase the process for reducing harmful chemical substances. In addition, the reduction process can be performed at low cost by effectively using the period until the interior building material is built.

  In addition, the above-mentioned sheet carrying activated carbon and aldehyde catcher agent used for adsorption and removal of harmful chemical substances diffused from interior building materials, or bags filled and stored with these activated carbon and aldehyde catcher agent, etc. The packing material with air permeability or packing material impregnated or impregnated with activated carbon and an aldehyde catcher agent will not cause harmful components such as dioxin even if it is incinerated after use. Can be small. Note that the used sheets and fillers can be used as an indoor deodorant or the like if the chemical substances adsorbed on the activated carbon are re-diffused by sun drying or the like.

  Next, the best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described. FIG. 1 shows a package A in which an interior building material 2 is packed and packed with a packaging material 1 such as cardboard, cardboard, or a synthetic resin sheet. In this package A, a sheet 3A carrying activated carbon and a sheet 3B carrying an aldehyde catcher agent are arranged and stored so as to overlap the interior building material 2. ing.

  The interior building material 2 uses a formaldehyde resin adhesive or an organic solvent-based paint during the manufacturing process of the interior building material 2, and directly faces the living room in the installed state, or has elapsed from the adhesive or the paint over time. It is a building material used in areas where harmful chemical substances released into the air can affect the interior of the room, such as ceiling materials, flooring materials, wall materials, doors, bran, stairs, storage sets, etc. Also included are artificial materials such as handrails and edges.

  On the other hand, the activated carbon used as an adsorbent for volatile harmful chemical substances diffused from the interior building material 2 may be any of powdered, granular, or fibrous activated carbon. The activated carbon may be mixed and used. As powdered or granular activated carbon, there are wood-based activated carbon, coal-based activated carbon, petroleum-based activated carbon, phenol resin-based activated carbon in addition to the widely used coconut shell activated carbon, and cellulose-based activated carbon and phenol resin-based activated carbon as fibrous activated carbon. Those obtained from various raw materials such as activated carbon, acrylonitrile-based activated carbon, and aromatic polyamide-based activated carbon can be used. In addition, as the activated carbon to be used, those having an adsorption capacity of 100 mg / g or more as defined in JIS K 1402 are preferable. If activated carbon having an iodine adsorption capacity smaller than this value is used, sufficient adsorption power cannot be ensured.

  As the sheet 3A carrying activated carbon, corrugated cardboard, breathable paper, nonwoven fabric, etc. are used as the sheet 3A, and activated by spraying activated carbon together with a binder on these sheets 3A, or activated carbon in a sheet form There is a processed activated carbon sheet. As the activated carbon sheet 3A, a sheet that has been processed into a sheet shape by a method that does not significantly reduce the adsorption performance of activated carbon and that does not cause the activated carbon powder to fall off is used.

  As a method for producing such an activated carbon sheet 3A, the following is known. That is, a method in which powdered activated carbon is dispersed in water together with a mixed paper and a binder to prepare a papermaking raw material, and papermaking; after making paper with fibrous activated carbon and heat-bonded fibers, heating to heat a part of the heat-bonded fibers Method of melting and fixing fibrous activated carbon; Method of spraying granular activated carbon together with hot melt on non-woven fabric and fixing activated carbon particles; After applying acrylic emulsion to urethane sheet, powdered activated carbon is sprayed and activated carbon particles There is a method in which excess activated carbon on a sheet is blown off by fixing air on the sheet and blowing air. There is also a method of processing a sheet to which activated carbon is attached into a corrugated shape in order to enhance the adsorptivity. The above method exemplifies a general method for producing an activated carbon sheet, and the activated carbon sheet 3A used in the present invention is not limited to these methods.

As the sheet 3B carrying the aldehyde catcher agent incorporated in the package A together with the sheet 3A carrying activated carbon, a drug that reacts with aldehydes such as urea and hydrazide compounds is used as the aldehyde catcher agent. A sheet-like material impregnated in paper or non-woven fabric. The amount of the aldehyde catcher added to the sheet is preferably 1 g / m ² or more and 10 g / m ² or less. When the addition amount is 1 g / m ² or less, the effect of adsorbing and removing aldehydes is small, and when it is 10 g / m ² or more, the cost is high.

  The sheet 3A carrying the activated carbon and the sheet 3B carrying the aldehyde catcher agent are packaged together with the interior building material 2 and the packaging material 1 when the interior building material 2 is packed by the packaging material 1 as described above. Adsorption and removal of aldehydes released from interior building materials 2 during storage and transportation, and volatile organic compounds such as toluene and xylene by activated carbon and aldehyde catcher agent carried on sheets 3A and 3B, respectively. However, when packing the interior building material 2, the activated carbon and the aldehyde catcher agent that are packed together with the interior building material 2 together with the packaging material 1 are used in this way, the sheet 3A carrying activated carbon and the aldehyde In addition to using the sheet 3B carrying the catcher agent, only the sheet 3A carrying the activated carbon is packed together with the interior building material 2 and the packing material 1 Therefore, it may be packing. Note that harmful chemical substances refer to aldehydes such as formaldehyde and acetaldehyde, and volatile organic compounds such as toluene xylene.

In addition to adopting a sheet 3A carrying activated carbon and a sheet 3B carrying a separate aldehyde catcher agent from this sheet 3A, only a sheet carrying activated carbon and an aldehyde catcher agent is used. The packaging material 1 may be used together with the interior building material 2. As such a sheet, a sheet-like material obtained by applying the aldehyde catcher agent to the activated carbon sheet 3A with an addition amount of 1 g / m ² or more and 10 g / m ² or less, or paper or nonwoven fabric. It is possible to employ a sheet in which a predetermined amount of activated carbon and an aldehyde catcher agent are uniformly adhered to the entire sheet-like material having air permeability.

  Addition of aldehyde catcher agent on activated carbon does not reduce the adsorption capacity of activated carbon, but rather the aldehyde catcher agent adheres to the macropore surface of activated carbon, improving the contact efficiency between the drug and aldehyde molecules. , Can effectively adsorb aldehydes.

  As another use form of the activated carbon or aldehyde catcher agent packaged by the packaging material 1 together with the interior building material 2, instead of adopting a sheet-like material such as the activated carbon sheet 3A as described above, air permeability such as a nonwoven fabric is used. You may employ | adopt the filling body formed by filling and accommodating an appropriate amount of activated carbon in a bag with. In addition, as this filling body, you may fill the said bag with an appropriate amount of aldehyde catcher agents with activated carbon.

  The activated carbon sheet 3A, the packing body, and the like are packaged by the packing material 1 together with the interior building material 2 when the interior building material 2 is individually packed by the packaging material 1, and in that case, the interior facing the room when used. If the activated carbon sheet 3A and the filler are arranged so as to be in contact with the building material portion, adsorption and removal of harmful chemical substances can be effectively performed. In addition, the interior building material 2 arranged with the activated carbon sheet 3A overlaid is further packed with a polyethylene sheet or the like, and then packed with the packing material 1 to prevent the entry of harmful chemical substances from the outside. While preventing with the sheet, only the harmful chemical substance released from the interior building material 2 can be adsorbed by the activated carbon sheet 3A, and the adsorption effect of the harmful chemical substance by the activated carbon sheet 3A can be made more effective. Here, “individual packaging” refers to storing the interior building material 2 that has undergone a final finishing process such as painting at a manufacturing plant in a cardboard box for each minimum sales unit.

  Thus, in the package A formed by packing the interior building material 2 with the packaging material 1, the activated carbon sheet 3A together with the interior building material 2, or the sheet 3B carrying the aldehyde catcher agent together with the activated carbon sheet 3A, or By arranging a sheet-like material carrying activated carbon and an aldehyde catcher agent, or by disposing at least a filler filled with activated carbon among activated carbon and an aldehyde catcher agent in a bag having air permeability, Adverse chemicals such as aldehydes and organic compounds such as toluene and xylene that are diffused from the interior building material 2 into the package are adsorbed and removed by the activated carbon or aldehyde catcher agent.

  At this time, heating of the package A during storage or transportation of the package A facilitates the emission of volatile toxic chemicals from the interior building material 2 and enables efficient adsorption by activated carbon or the like. To do. The heat treatment temperature is preferably 30 ° C. or higher. Below this temperature, the effect of promoting the emission of volatile harmful chemical substances from the interior building material 2 is reduced.

  In the present invention, the activated carbon sheet and the aldehyde catcher on the inner surface of the packing material 1, that is, the packing surface, without using the activated carbon sheet 3A, the sheet 3B carrying the aldehyde catcher agent, or the filler. Among the agents, at least a coating layer or an impregnation layer formed by applying or impregnating activated carbon is provided, and the interior building material 2 is packed by the packaging material 1 with the coating layer or the impregnation layer facing the interior building material side. Also good. Next, specific examples and comparative examples of the present invention will be shown.

  The experiment was conducted in the following manner, assuming that activated carbon sheets were inserted when packing interior building materials with packaging materials, and that activated chemicals were adsorbed by activated carbon during storage or transportation.

[Example 1]
Urethane-based paint was applied to the coniferous laminated wood and cured at room temperature for 48 hours. After that, this softwood laminated timber was cut into 165mm squares to obtain test specimens. An activated carbon sheet (Kuraray Chemical Co., Ltd., trade name Kurasheet # 1000) was placed on the urethane paint coating surface of the test specimens, and aluminum foil was used. After covering twice, a polyethylene bag is used as the packing material, and a test body on which the activated carbon sheet is placed on the coated surface covered with the aluminum foil is put in this bag, and 1 in a dryer at 40 ° C. Cured for a week.

[Example 2]
Urethane-based paint was applied to the coniferous laminated wood and cured at room temperature for 48 hours. Thereafter, the softwood lumber test mastery was cut into 165mm square, on the coated surface of the urethane-based paint in the specimen, aldehyde catcher agent (Otsuka Chemical Co., Ltd., trade name Chem catch H6000) at a rate of 7 g / m ² Place the coated activated carbon sheet (Kuraray Chemical Co., Ltd., trade name Kurasheet # 1000), coat it with aluminum foil, and place it in a polyethylene bag. Cured.

[Comparative Example 1]
Urethane-based paint was applied to the coniferous laminated wood and cured at room temperature for 48 hours. Thereafter, this softwood laminated material was cut into 165 mm squares to obtain test specimens, which were then placed in polyethylene bags and cured at room temperature for 1 week.

[Comparative Example 2]
Urethane-based paint was applied to the coniferous laminated wood and cured at room temperature for 48 hours. Thereafter, the softwood lumber was cut into 165mm square obtain a test body, the coated surface of the urethane-based paint in the specimen, aldehyde catcher agent (Otsuka Chemical Co., Ltd., trade name Chem catch H6000) of 7 g / m ² The filter paper coated at a ratio was placed and coated with aluminum foil twice, and then placed in a polyethylene bag and cured for one week.

[Comparative Example 3]
Urethane-based paint was applied to the coniferous laminated wood and cured at room temperature for 48 hours. After that, this softwood laminated timber was cut into 165mm squares to obtain test specimens. An activated carbon sheet (Kuraray Chemical Co., Ltd., trade name Kurasheet # 1000) was placed on the urethane paint coating surface of the test specimens, and aluminum foil was used. After covering twice, it was put in a polyethylene bag and cured at room temperature for 1 week.

The test body was taken out from the polyethylene bag used for curing the test body in Examples 1 and 2 and Comparative Examples 1 to ^3, and fixed to a jig so that the sample load was 1.1 m ² / m ^3. The amount of volatile organic compound (VOC) released from the body was measured. This measurement method was performed using an ADPAC system (Advanced Pollution and Air quality Chamber, manufactured by Adtec) according to JIS A 1901 by a small chamber method. The measurement conditions were a temperature of 28 ° C., a relative humidity of 50%, and a ventilation rate of 0.5 times / h.

For analysis of volatile organic compounds, 3.2 liters of air containing volatile organic compounds in the DPAC system is collected in activated carbon tubes for chemical collection (Airtoxics Perkin Elmer), and thermal desorption-gas chromatography / mass spectrometry is performed. A total (made by Perkin Elmer) was used. Here, among the analyzed chemicals, n ^- n hexane ^- Concentration of qualitative chemical substances between hexadecane and substance name unknown chemicals were translated using the response factor of toluene concentration (toluene converted value ) As the total volatile organic compound emission.

  On the other hand, for aldehydes, 10 liters of air in the ADPAC system was collected on a DNPH cartridge (manufactured by waters), eluted with acetonitrile, and then analyzed by a high performance liquid chromatograph (manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation). Here, the total concentration of formaldehyde and acetaldehyde, which is considered to have a particularly large effect on the human body, was defined as the aldehyde emission amount.

  The measurement results from the above experiments are summarized in Table 1. As can be seen from Table 1, when no treatment is applied to the test specimen as in Comparative Example 1, the amount of volatile organic compounds and aldehydes emitted is remarkably high. Only by placing a filter paper carrying an aldehyde catcher agent on the specimen, the amount of aldehydes emitted from the test specimen is reduced, but volatile organic compounds such as toluene are hardly reduced.

  On the other hand, as shown in Example 1, by placing an activated carbon sheet on the test body and further heating, the amount of volatile organic compound emitted can be greatly reduced as compared with Comparative Example 3 where heating is not performed. did it. Further, by adding an aldehyde catcher agent to the activated carbon sheet as in Example 2, the amount of acetaldehyde and formaldehyde emitted together with the volatile organic compound could be greatly reduced. In this way, it is confirmed that the amount of organic compounds emitted from interior building materials can be greatly reduced by enclosing relatively inexpensive activated carbon sheets and aldehyde catcher agents when packing interior building materials and further heating. It was done.

It is a simplified longitudinal cross-sectional view of the packing body which packed interior building materials.

Explanation of symbols

A Packing body 1 Packing material 2 Interior building material
3A activated carbon sheet
3B Carrying sheet for aldehyde catcher agent

Claims (2)

  When packing interior building materials, at least a sheet carrying activated carbon and a sheet carrying an aldehyde catcher agent in the packaging body is disposed, or activated carbon and an aldehyde catcher agent After placing a sheet carrying air or at least one of activated charcoal and aldehyde catcher agent filled with air and containing a breathable filling, store the packed interior building material. Promote the release of harmful chemical substances from interior building materials by heating at a temperature of 30 ° C or higher during or during transportation, and adsorb harmful chemical substances on the activated carbon that is carried on the above sheet or stored in the packing, A method for reducing harmful chemical substances released from interior building materials, characterized by having it removed. After packing the packing material with activated carbon and aldehyde catcher agent coated or impregnated with at least activated carbon on the packing surface, with the coating layer or impregnated layer facing the interior building material side, the interior building material is packed with this packing material, The interior building materials are heated at a temperature of 30 ° C or higher during storage or transportation to promote the release of harmful chemical substances from the interior building materials, and the activated chemical coating layer or impregnation layer adsorbs the hazardous chemical substances. A method for reducing harmful chemical substances emitted from interior building materials, characterized in that it is removed.

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