JP2005030585A - Building damper material and building damper - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a building damper material superior in handling property as a lead substitutive damper material, in damping effect and damping performance independent of external environment and in stability, and to provide a building damper using the same. <P>SOLUTION: The building damper material comprises a sea and island structure having a sea phase formed of a hard plastic A and an island phase dispersed into the sea phase and formed of a plastic B having a hardness lower than the hard plastic A. The wooden building damper 30 is formed by molding the building damper material into a sheet. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  In order to improve the wind resistance, earthquake resistance, and micro-vibration resistance of a building, the present invention uses a building damper material to be mounted on a wall or floor of a building, and the building damper material. It relates to a damper for buildings.

  In order to protect buildings from vibrations caused by wind, earthquakes, and traffic vibrations, there is a construction method in which dampers are attached to the walls and floors of each floor to attenuate the vibrations and vibrations of the building.

  Conventionally, lead has been mainly used as a material constituting such a building damper. In addition, specially formulated rubber materials (Patent Nos. 2832986 and 3314716) in which a large amount of filler is blended or the amount of the crosslinking agent is reduced have been proposed.

Among dampers for buildings, especially dampers for wooden buildings include a viscoelastic body sandwiched between two triangular steel plates. In this damper, the relative displacement (rotational deformation) of the steel plates. As a result, shear deformation occurs in the viscoelastic body provided between them, and the vibration energy of the building is absorbed (“Response Control Structural Design Method” (Building Structural Engineers Association pp. 394 to 395 ( (December 2000)) As the viscoelastic body of this wooden building damper, acrylic, diene, urethane, silicon, rubber, etc. are used.
Japanese Patent No. 2833986 Japanese Patent No. 3314716 "Response control structure design method" (Building Structural Engineers Association, pp. 394-395 (December 2000))

  Currently, lead, which is mainly used as a damper material for buildings, is greatly restricted in manufacturing and design from the viewpoint of environmental problems. Moreover, since the problem of the disposal at the time of discarding a building is also anticipated in the future, the damper material for buildings which replaces lead is calculated | required.

  On the other hand, specially formulated rubber materials containing a large amount of filler or a reduced amount of crosslinking agent have problems in productivity, manufacturing workability, and fatigue resistance during repeated use.

  Moreover, like the above-mentioned damper for wooden buildings in which a viscoelastic body is sandwiched between steel plates, a damper using a metal has no familiarity with the wood to which it is applied and may damage the wood. In addition, it requires complicated or elaborate design and construction, and is unsuitable for the current state of construction of general wooden buildings.

  As a damper for wooden buildings, it has the same softness and hardness as wood, can be nailing like wood, is easy to process, is inexpensive, and is used in a large amount in a house per house. However, there is no need to increase material costs, and even if there is a slight shift in construction, it is required to function well and require no skilled workers. Dampers for wooden buildings were not provided.

  The present invention solves the problems of the above-mentioned conventional damper materials for buildings, and is a damper material excellent in handleability as a damper material for lead replacement, and has excellent vibration damping effect and productivity, manufacturing workability, durability An object of the present invention is to provide a building damper material having excellent properties and a building damper made of the building damper material.

  Another object of the present invention is to provide a damper for a building that satisfies the above-mentioned required characteristics, particularly as a damper for a wooden building.

  The building damper material of the present invention has a sea-island structure having a sea phase made of hard plastics A and an island phase made of plastics B having a hardness lower than that of the hard plastics A and dispersed in the sea phase. It is characterized by having.

  Such a building damper material of the present invention does not exhibit the brittle fracture behavior peculiar to plastics, takes ductile stress-strain behavior, resists repeated deformation, and exhibits high mechanical damping. Moreover, the durability of the damping performance is good, the productivity is high, and the manufacturing workability is excellent.

  The building damper material of the present invention may further contain a plasticizer A and plastics B compatibilizer.

  In this building damper material, the content of plastics A is preferably 10 to 90% by volume, the content of plastics B is preferably 90 to 10% by volume, and the average value of the maximum diameter of the island phase is 0. It is preferable that it is 1-100 micrometers.

Moreover, it is preferable that the tensile elastic modulus hardness of the plastics A is 120 kgf · mm ⁻² or more, and the tensile elastic modulus hardness of the plastics B is 10 to 120 kgf · mm ⁻² .

Examples of the combination of plastics A and plastics B that constitute the building damper material of the present invention include the following.
(1) Plastics A is polyethylene terephthalate (PET), and Plastics B is polyethylene. A styrene-ethylene-propylene block copolymer may be included as a compatibilizer.
(2) Plastics A is polyamide and Plastics B is polyethylene. A maleic anhydride-modified styrene-ethylene-propylene block copolymer may be included as a compatibilizing agent.
(3) Plastics A is polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), and Plastics B is polybutene.
(4) Plastics A is polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), and Plastics B is polyethylene.

  The building damper of the present invention is made of such a building damper material of the present invention.

  This building damper is all made of plastic, has the same flexibility and hardness as PET, has good compatibility with wood, and can be easily fixed to wood with nails or bolts. In addition, mass production can be performed industrially at low cost without the need for bonding with a steel material. Moreover, since some construction errors can be sufficiently absorbed by the flexibility and hardness, workers skilled in construction are not required.

  According to the present invention, as a lead substitute damper material, a damper material having excellent handleability, and having excellent vibration damping effect and excellent productivity, manufacturing workability, and durability, and this building Provided is a building damper that is excellent in vibration damping performance, inexpensive, easy to handle, workable, and durable, using a material damper material.

  The damper for a building of the present invention has a softness and hardness equivalent to that of wood, particularly as a damper for a wooden building, can be nailed like wood, has excellent workability, and is inexpensive. Even if it is used in a large amount in a per home, the material cost will not increase, and even if there is a slight deviation in construction, it will function well, and it does not require workers skilled in construction, making it extremely industrially Useful.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail.

  First, the building damper material of the present invention will be described.

  The building damper material of the present invention has a sea phase made of hard plastics (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “high hardness plastics”) A and a hardness lower than that of hard plastics A dispersed in the sea phase. Plastics (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “low hardness plastics”) B has an island-island structure having an island phase consisting of B.

As the high hardness plastics A, those having a tensile elastic modulus hardness of JIS K 7113 of 120 kgf · mm ⁻² or more, preferably about 280 to 420 kgf · mm ⁻² are preferable. When the tensile modulus hardness of the plastics A is less than 120 kgf · mm ⁻² , there may be a case where good damping performance due to the sea-island structure cannot be obtained by combining with the low-hardness plastics B.

  Examples of such high-hardness plastics A include polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyamide (nylon), polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), polycarbonate (PC), and the like. Is not to be done.

On the other hand, as the low-hardness plastics B, those having a tensile elastic modulus hardness of JIS K 7113 of 10 to 120 kgf · mm ⁻² (less than 120 kgf · mm ⁻² ), preferably about 17 to 111 kgf · mm ⁻² are preferable. If the tensile modulus hardness of plastics B exceeds 120 kgf · mm ^-2 , good damping performance may not be obtained due to the sea-island structure due to the combination with high-hardness plastics A. Plastics of less than ^-2 are difficult to realize in terms of material preparation.

  Examples of such low-hardness plastics B include polyethylene, polybutene, ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), but are not limited thereto. It is not something.

  As the high-hardness plastics A and the low-hardness plastics B, one of the above-mentioned materials may be used, or one or both of them may be used in combination.

  The building damper material of the present invention may contain a compatibilizer for enhancing the compatibility between the high hardness plastics A and the low hardness plastics B. In this case, the compatibilizer is Depending on the combination of high-hardness plastics A and low-hardness plastics B, those that are compatible with both plastics are appropriately selected and used. For example, styrene-ethylene-propylene block copolymer or its anhydrous male An acid-modified product or the like can be used.

  In the damper material for building of the present invention, the content of the high hardness plastics A constituting the sea phase is 90 to 10% by volume, and the content of the low hardness plastics B constituting the island phase is 10 to 90% by volume. % Is preferred. If the proportion of high-hardness plastics A is less than 10% by volume and low-hardness plastics B exceeds 90% by volume, the damping force of the material is insufficient, and the proportion of high-hardness plastics A exceeds 90% by volume. If the plastics B is less than 10% by volume, it cannot withstand large deformation and breaks brittlely.

  Moreover, when using a compatibilizing agent, it is preferable that content of a compatibilizing agent is 1.0-20.0 weight% with respect to the whole quantity of a damper material. If this ratio is less than 1.0% by weight, a sufficient compatibilizing effect due to the addition of a compatibilizer cannot be obtained, and if it exceeds 20.0% by weight, the system becomes low in hardness and has sufficient damping properties. Cannot be obtained.

Specifically, the damper material for buildings of the present invention can have a sea-island structure in which high hardness plastics A and low hardness plastics B are combined as follows.
(1) Plastics A is polyethylene terephthalate (PET), and Plastics B is polyethylene. A styrene-ethylene-propylene block copolymer may be included as a compatibilizer.
(2) Plastics A is polyamide, that is, nylon such as 6-nylon or 6,6-nylon, and Plastics B is polyethylene. As a compatibilizing agent, maleic anhydride-modified styrene-ethylene-propylene block copolymer or maleic anhydride-modified polyethylene may be included.
(3) Plastics A is polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), and Plastics B is polybutene.
(4) Plastics A is polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), and Plastics B is polyethylene.

Whether the island phase of the low hardness plastics B formed in the sea phase of the high hardness plastics A is too large or too small, a good damping effect can be obtained by adopting these sea island structures. Since the average diameter of the island phase by low hardness plastics B, that is, when the island phase is sandwiched between two flat plates arranged in parallel, the average value of the length when the distance is the most separated is It is preferable that it is about 0.1-100 micrometers. Moreover, it is preferable that the average value of the volume per island phase by the low-hardness plastics B is (0.1) ³ to (100) ³ μm ³ . The shape of the island phase by the low-hardness plastics B is usually spherical, rugby ball shape, amoeba shape, layer shape, etc., although it varies depending on the manufacturing conditions of the damper material.

  Such a building damper material of the present invention includes high-hardness plastics A and low-hardness plastics B, further compatibilizers added as necessary, other fillers, lubricants, anti-aging agents, etc. Predetermined amounts can be prepared by mixing using a general-purpose twin-screw kneader or rubber kneader, etc., and the resulting damper material is molded by various molding techniques such as injection molding and extrusion molding, and is necessary Depending on the situation, it can be made into a damper for a building by bonding with a hard material or vulcanizing and bonding rubber.

  Hereinafter, the damper using the damper material for buildings of the present invention is explained with reference to drawings.

The structure of the damper for buildings using the damper material of the present invention is roughly classified into the following (1) and (2).
(1) Damper composed of a single unit centering on a building damper material of the present invention (2) Damper composed of a building damper material / hard material composite of the present invention

  (1) The following (1) -1, (1) -2, (1) -3, (1) -4 are mentioned as a case where it is configured as a single unit with the building damper material of the present invention as the center. .

(1) -1: The same damper material made into an arbitrarily shaped body Specifically, a rectangular parallelepiped damper 1 as shown in FIG. 1 or a cylindrical damper 2 as shown in FIG. It can be arbitrarily selected according to the purpose of the product.

(1) -2: Damper material with a multi-layer structure This is a multilayered material with different plastic types and blending ratios in the vertical, horizontal, inner and outer directions, etc., or macroscopic non-uniform dispersibility. It is configured to obtain arbitrary performance (elastic modulus, fracture characteristics, hysteresis properties, etc.).
More specifically, as shown in FIG. 3 or FIG. 4, the plastic type, the damper material layer a ₁ of the present invention different from the blending ratio and the _like, a 2, _... a damper 3 and 4 were laminated a _n in the vertical direction or horizontal direction or, as shown in FIG. 5, such different damper material layer a _1, a 2 _... damper 5 or the like coaxially arranged to a _n and the like.

(1) -3: A composite of the damper material of the present invention and a highly crosslinked rubber.
That is, the outer surface part or part of the inner part of the damper material of the present invention is coated or compounded with general rubber.
Specifically, as shown in FIG. 6, the present invention is applied to a damper 6 in which the side peripheral surface of the damper material a of the present invention is covered with a general rubber b, and a lattice frame formed of the general rubber b as shown in FIG. And a damper 7 filled with the damper material a. Furthermore, general rubber can be partially dispersed in the damper material of the present invention.
In this case, the general rubber may contain general compounding agents for rubber materials such as the above-mentioned various fillers, tackifiers, lubricants, anti-aging agents, plasticizers, softeners, low molecular weight polymers, oils, and the like. Can be mixed. Further, a hard material as described in the item (2) described later can be appropriately laminated and used together with this general rubber.

(1) -4: A composite of the damper material of the present invention and uncrosslinked rubber.
An uncrosslinked rubber dispersed in the damper material of the present invention, or, as shown in FIG. 8, a damper 8 in which an uncrosslinked rubber c is enclosed in the damper material a of the present invention as an independent structure. Can be mentioned.
Here, plasticizers, softeners, tackifiers, oligomers, lubricants and the like can be used in place of the uncrosslinked rubber.

  (2) In the case of the damper material / hard material composite of the present invention, any one of the above (1) -1, (1) -2, (1) -3, (1) -4 is harder The thing which compounded the material is mentioned.

  Specifically, as shown in FIG. 9 or FIG. 10, the damper material a of the present invention or a layer mainly composed of the damper material a and the damper 9, 10 in which the hard material d is laminated in the vertical direction or the horizontal direction, or these are coaxial. The damper 11 etc. which were arrange | positioned automatically are mentioned.

  In this case, the hard material is not particularly limited. For example, metal (lead), ceramics, glass, FRP, plastics, polyurethane, high hardness rubber, wood, rock, sand, paper, leather, and the like can be used.

  As the shape of the hard material, various structures such as a plate shape, a net shape, a wave shape, a honeycomb shape, and a woven fabric are used.

The vibration damping material of the present invention further includes
(3): It may be a composite unit of the structures (1) and (2) above and a hard plate.

  For example, as shown in FIG. 12, a damper 12 having a hard plate f attached to the upper and lower surfaces of the structure e having the structure (1) or (2) as a unit, or as shown in FIG. There is a damper 13 in which a general rubber b is pasted on and under the damper material a, and a hard plate f is further pasted to form a unit. In practice, it is advantageous to use one of the unit dampers 12 and 13 or two or more of them in the horizontal direction or in the vertical direction. In the case of two or more superpositions, the units used may be the same or different in structure and composition.

  In such a configuration, examples of the hard plate to be used include metal, ceramics, FRP, plastics, glass, wood, paper material, polyurethane, and high hardness rubber.

  Such a damper is one of the damping methods currently attracting a lot of attention as a method of protecting a building from shaking caused by wind, shaking caused by an earthquake, and traffic vibration. Suitable for application to brace type vibration control method. This method tries to attenuate the vibration and vibration of the building by interposing a damping material that exhibits a damping effect (damping effect) by shear deformation when braces are attached to the walls and floors of each floor of the building. Is.

  FIG. 14 shows an example of the brace type vibration control method. In the figure, 21 and 22 are pillars, 23 and 24 are beams, and 25 is braces.

  As shown in FIG. 14, when the braces 25 are attached to the columns 21 and 22 and the beams 23 and 24, a slight gap is provided between the braces from above and the braces from below, that is, the plate-like portions 25A and 25B. A gap is formed between the gaps (indicated by arrows), and a damper (not shown) is inserted into the gap. When the building shakes, the upper beam 23 and the lower beam 24 on each floor cause relative displacement, so that the plate-like portion 25A and the plate-like portion 25B move relative to each other. As a result, the inserted damper repeats. Be subject to deformation. Therefore, the greater the damping effect of the inserted damping material, the more effective it is to reduce the shaking of the building.

  Next, the damper for wooden buildings of this invention comprised with the damper material for buildings of this invention is demonstrated.

  The damper for a wooden building of the present invention has a predetermined amount of high-hardness plastics A and low-hardness plastics B, a compatibilizer added as necessary, other fillers, lubricants, anti-aging agents, etc. The building damper material of the present invention prepared by mixing using a general-purpose twin-screw kneader or rubber kneader is molded into a predetermined shape by various molding methods such as injection molding and extrusion molding. It is manufactured by doing.

  The shape of the damper for the wooden building is arbitrary depending on the purpose of use (construction target) or the vibration control method. As a vibration damper for the building damper of the present invention as a damper for wooden buildings, it is installed in the corner part (joint part) of a column of a wooden structure, and shear deformation of beams and columns in a large earthquake In general, there is a method of absorbing energy by installing it in a part that bends or expands and contracts in the event of a large earthquake Are formed into a shape corresponding to each vibration control method.

  For example, a damper for a wooden building that is installed at the corner of a column of a wooden building (joint part) spans the beam and column of a wooden frame so that shear deformation between the beam and the column frame can be absorbed. In addition, a damper formed by forming a planar covering into a T-shaped, I-shaped, L-shaped or H-shaped sheet shape can be used.

  FIG. 15 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of a damper for a wooden building according to the present invention. In this embodiment, a damper 30 for a wooden building formed into a T-shaped sheet is formed into a column 31 and a beam 32. It is constructed so as to straddle.

  The thickness of the damper 30 for a wooden building is not particularly limited. However, if the thickness is excessively thin, a sufficient vibration damping effect cannot be obtained. If the thickness is excessively thick, the material cost becomes high and the workability is poor. Therefore, the thickness is preferably about 1.0 to 10.00 mm.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described more specifically with reference to Examples and Comparative Examples.
The materials used in the following examples and comparative examples are as follows.

[High hardness plastics A]
PET: Polyethylene terephthalate
(Tensile elastic modulus hardness 281 to 422 kgf · mm ⁻² )
Nylon: Polyamide (Nylon 6)
(Tensile elastic modulus hardness 267 kgf · mm ⁻² )
PBT: Polybutylene terephthalate
(Tensile elastic modulus hardness 197 kgf · mm ⁻² )
PEN: Polyethylene naphthalate
(Tensile elastic modulus hardness 281 to 422 kgf · mm ⁻² )

[Low hardness plastics B]
Polyethylene (tensile modulus hardness 17.6 to 28.8 kgf · mm ⁻² )
Polybutene (tensile modulus hardness 21 to 28 kgf · mm ⁻² )

[Compatibilizer]
Compatibilizer I: styrene-ethylene-propylene block copolymer Compatibilizer II: maleic anhydride modified styrene-ethylene-propylene
Block copolymer

Examples 1-4
High-hardness plastics A, low-hardness plastics B, and compatibilizers shown in Table 1 are used in the proportions shown in Table 1 (however, in Examples 3 and 4, no compatibilizer is used). After kneading with a biaxial kneader, round bar-shaped test pieces each having a diameter of 10 mm and a length of 50 mm were prepared by injection molding. The test pieces were subjected to the following shear deformation test, and the results are shown in Table 1.

  Table 1 shows the shape of the island phase of the low hardness plastics B and the average values of the maximum diameter and volume.

[Shear deformation test]
As shown in FIG. 16, it was examined whether or not the test piece was damaged when repeated deformation of ± 10 mm was performed 10 times.

Comparative Examples 1-6
Test pieces were prepared in the same manner as in Examples 1 to 4 using only the high-hardness plastics A or the low-hardness plastics B shown in Table 1 without using the high-hardness plastics A and the low-hardness plastics B together. Similarly, a shear deformation test was performed and the results are shown in Table 1.

  From Table 1, it is clear that the damper material of the present invention is not damaged by the shear deformation test and has a sufficiently high damping performance as a damper material for buildings.

Examples 5-8
Building damper materials having the same composition as in Examples 1 to 4 were each formed into a sheet shape, and a wooden building damper as shown in FIG. 15 was produced.

The dimensions of each part of this wooden building damper are as follows.
Thickness = 5.0mm
L _a = 30 cm
L _b = 10 cm
W _a = 10 cm
W _b = 10 cm

As shown in FIG. 15, this wooden building damper was attached so as to straddle a column with a width W ₁ = 10 cm and a beam with a width W ₂ = 10 cm, and fixed with a needle.

  In this state, when vibration was applied so that shear deformation was applied to the beam / column frame, in all cases, there was less deformation compared to the case where no damper was installed, and vibration was attenuated early.

It is a perspective view which shows embodiment of the damper using the damper material of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows embodiment of the damper using the damper material of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows embodiment of the damper using the damper material of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows embodiment of the damper using the damper material of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows embodiment of the damper using the damper material of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows embodiment of the damper using the damper material of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows embodiment of the damper using the damper material of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows embodiment of the damper using the damper material of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows embodiment of the damper using the damper material of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows embodiment of the damper using the damper material of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows embodiment of the damper using the damper material of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows embodiment of the damper using the damper material of this invention. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows embodiment of the damper using the damper material of this invention. It is explanatory drawing of a brace type damping method. It is a perspective view which shows embodiment of the damper for wooden buildings of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the shear deformation test method in an Example and a comparative example.

Explanation of symbols

1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13 Damper a Damper material of the present invention 30 Damper for wooden building of the present invention 31 Column 32 Beam

Claims (13)

  For a building having a sea-island structure having a sea phase made of hard plastics A and an island phase made of plastics B having a hardness lower than that of hard plastics A dispersed in the sea phase Damper material.   The building damper material according to claim 1, further comprising a compatibilizer for plastics A and plastics B.   3. The building damper material according to claim 1, wherein the plastics A content is 10 to 90% by volume and the plastics B content is 90 to 10% by volume.   The damper material for buildings according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein an average value of the maximum diameter of the island phase is 0.1 to 100 µm. Characterized in any one of claims 1 to 4, the tensile modulus hardness of plastics A is 120 kgf · ^{mm -2,} the tensile modulus hardness of plastics B is 10~120kgf · ^{mm -2} Damper material for buildings.   6. The building damper material according to claim 1, wherein the plastics A is polyethylene terephthalate and the plastics B is polyethylene.   The building damper material according to claim 6, comprising a styrene-ethylene-propylene block copolymer as a compatibilizer.   The building damper material according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the plastics A is polyamide and the plastics B is polyethylene.   The damper material for buildings according to claim 8, comprising a maleic anhydride-modified styrene-ethylene-propylene block copolymer as a compatibilizer.   The building damper material according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the plastics A is polybutylene terephthalate and the plastics B is polybutene.   The building damper material according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the plastics A is polyethylene naphthalate and the plastics B is polyethylene.   A building damper comprising the damper material for building according to any one of claims 1 to 11.   13. The building damper according to claim 12, wherein the building damper is a wooden building damper formed by molding the building damper material into a sheet shape.

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