JP4097223B2 - Vibration control structure - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a vibration control structure such as a wooden house.

  Conventionally, a vibration damping structure that absorbs vibration energy by a damping member disposed in a frame has been proposed as a vibration damping structure for a wooden building house or the like. For example, in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2003-56200, a rigid body is slidably arranged via an arm plate in a frame composed of beams and columns, and a rubber column is loaded between the rigid body and the column. And fixed with an adhesive. In this vibration damping structure, the elastic member is elastically deformed to absorb vibration energy when the building receives vibration and the frame and the rigid body move relative to each other.

A vibration damping structure using a viscoelastic damper has also been proposed. For example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2002-70356 proposes a structure in which a hydraulic damper is not limited to bracing.
No. 2003-56200 No. 2002-70356

  In the device described in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2003-56200, when vibration is applied to a building, the rubber column is deformed by tension or compression. Since the rubber column is subjected to tensile or compressive deformation, the allowable displacement is small. Further, in the tensile deformation and the compression deformation, the elastic reaction force is greatly increased, and the reaction force acting on a rigid body such as a column is also large. For this reason, when the shaking is large, the rubber column cannot absorb a large displacement and a large bending deformation occurs in the column. In addition, what is described in the publication has a column and a rubber column bonded with an adhesive, but bonding with an adhesive may cause the bonded part to come off when large vibrations such as seismic vibrations are applied. Lack of sex.

  In addition, as described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 2002-70356, the use of a hydraulic damper has its vibration damping performance greatly dependent on temperature, and therefore stable vibration damping performance where there is a large difference in temperature depending on the season. Cannot be obtained. The vibration control performance also varies depending on the vibration frequency.

In the vibration damping structure according to the present invention, a vibration damping member obtained by vulcanizing and bonding plates on both sides of a viscoelastic body is disposed between columns constituting a framework of a building, and one plate of the vibration damping member is a rigid body. The viscoelastic body is shear-deformed when vibration is applied to the building, with the other plate fixed to the opposite column via a rigid connecting material. Configured to do.

  According to this vibration damping structure, the vibration is absorbed by utilizing the shear deformation of the viscoelastic body, so that even when the vibration is large, the column does not undergo a large bending deformation. In addition, since the viscoelastic body is fixed to the column via the plates vulcanized and bonded to both sides of the viscoelastic body, it is possible to ensure sufficient joint strength that can withstand earthquake motion.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment of a vibration damping structure according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the vibration damping structure 1 is disposed between columns 2 a and 2 b constituting a building framework, and includes a coupling member 3 a and 3 b and a vibration damping member 4. . In this embodiment, the damping structure 1 is installed by attaching the reinforcing columns 5a and 5b to the columns 2a and 2b.

  The connecting members 3a and 3b are used for attaching the damping member 4 to a place where the interval between the columns 2a and 2b is wide. In this embodiment, a rod-shaped member having a required rigidity is installed between the columns 2a and 2b.

  The damping member 4 is obtained by fixing plates 7 and 8 to both sides of a viscoelastic body 6 by vulcanization adhesion. In this embodiment, one plate 7 of the vibration damping member 4 is fixed to one connecting member 3a, and the other plate 8 is fixed to the opposite connecting member 3b.

  According to this vibration damping structure 1, the damping member 4 is fixed to the pillars 2a and 2b via the connecting members 3a and 3b and the reinforcing pillars 5a and 5b, so that the vibration acts on the building as shown in FIG. In this case, the plates 7 and 8 on both sides of the viscoelastic body 6 are relatively displaced up and down via the reinforcing columns 5a and 5b and the connecting members 3a and 3b according to the shaking of the columns 2a and 2b. Shear deformation. At this time, since the tensile and compressive deformation hardly occurs in the viscoelastic body 6, a large elastic reaction force does not act on the columns 2a and 2b. Therefore, even when a large earthquake occurs, the viscoelastic body 6 can be greatly sheared and deformed without greatly bending and deforming the columns 2a and 2b. Thereby, vibration energy can be absorbed efficiently.

  In the above-described embodiment, the vibration damping member 4 is fixed to the columns 2a and 2b via the connecting members 3a and 3b and the reinforcing columns 5a and 5b. However, as shown in FIG. The damping member 4 may be directly fixed to the column 2 in a narrow place.

  Further, the vibration damping structure 11 shown in FIG. 4 is disposed between the pillars 2 a and 2 b constituting the framework of the building, and is composed of connecting members 12 a and 12 b and a vibration damping member 13. In addition, in FIG. 4, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the member and site | part which show | plays the same effect | action as said embodiment.

  In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 5, the damping member 13 is obtained by vulcanizing and bonding viscoelastic bodies 15 and 16 on both sides of the plate 14 and further vulcanizing and bonding plates 17 and 18 on both sides thereof. is there. As shown in FIG. 4, the damping member 13 is arranged in an upright position so that the plates 14, 17, and 18 oppose each other in the front-rear direction of the wall, and the central plate 14 is interposed via the connecting member 12 a and the reinforcing column 5 a. It is fixed to the column 2a on one side, and the plates 17 and 18 on both outer sides are fixed to the column 2b on the opposite side via the connecting member 12b and the reinforcing column 5b. Each of the connecting members 12a and 12b is composed of a rod-like member having a required rigidity. As shown in FIG. 5, the left connecting member 12a is sandwiched by pins 21 with a central plate 14 sandwiched in the front and rear. The right connecting member 12b is disposed inside the plates 17 and 18 via the spacers 23 and is connected by pins 22.

  According to the vibration control structure 13, when vibration is applied to the building, the center of the viscoelastic bodies 15 and 16 via the pillars 2a and 2b, the reinforcing pillars 5a and 5b, and the connecting members 12a and 12b according to the shaking of the building. The plate 14 and the plates 17 and 18 on both sides are relatively displaced up and down to shear the viscoelastic bodies 15 and 16 fixed between the plates 14, 17 and 18. At this time, since the tensile and compressive deformation hardly occurs in the viscoelastic bodies 15 and 16, a large elastic reaction force does not act on the columns 2a and 2b. Therefore, even when a large earthquake occurs, the viscoelastic body 6 can be greatly sheared and deformed without greatly bending and deforming the columns 2a and 2b. Thereby, vibration energy can be absorbed efficiently. In addition, by arranging the viscoelastic bodies 15 and 16 between the plates 14, 17 and 18 facing the front and back of the wall in this way, it is possible to secure a wide shear area of the viscoelastic bodies 15 and 16. it can.

  When the plates are arranged facing up and down on the front and back of the wall, as shown in FIG. 6A, the damping member having the plates 32 and 33 fixed to both sides of the viscoelastic body 31 by vulcanization bonding. 30, one plate 32 can be connected to the column 2a on one side and the other plate 33 can be connected to the column 2b on the opposite side via the connecting members 12a and 12b. However, in this case, as shown in FIG. 6 (b), when vibration acts on the building and shear deformation occurs in the viscoelastic body 31, the elastic reaction force of the viscoelastic body 31 causes the arrow a in the figure. The force which rotates the damping member 30 acts in the direction shown in FIG. In contrast, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, the three plates 14, 17, 18 and the two viscoelastic bodies 15, 16 are alternately stacked on the front and back, so that the viscoelastic bodies 15, 16 are subjected to shear deformation. In this case, it is possible to cancel the elastic reaction force of the two viscoelastic bodies 15 and 16 and to prevent the force that rotates the damping member 13 from acting. Thereby, vibration energy can be absorbed efficiently.

  Next, the viscoelastic body 6 will be described in detail.

  A general viscoelastic material increases in rigidity and resistance as the amplitude increases. If a viscoelastic body having the property that the rigidity increases as the amplitude increases, the acceleration response of the building and the stress of each part are excessively increased. Therefore, it is desirable to use a viscoelastic body having a property that the increase in rigidity reaches a peak even when the amplitude increases.

  In general, viscoelastic bodies have high rigidity at low temperatures and low rigidity at high temperatures. In Japan, it is desirable to use a viscoelastic body having a relatively stable property in terms of rigidity and damping performance over a temperature range of about −10 ° C. to 40 ° C. since the temperature changes greatly throughout the year.

  Specifically, in the viscoelastic body, the temperature dependence of the equivalent viscosity damping constant is such that the low temperature side has an equivalent viscosity damping constant Heq (t = −10 ° C.) at −10 ° C. and an equivalent viscosity at 20 ° C. The ratio of the damping constant Heq (t = 20 ° C.) is 1.00 <Heq (t = −10 ° C.) / Heq (t = 20 ° C.) <1.50, and the high temperature side is equivalent to 40 ° C. The ratio of the viscous damping constant Heq (t = 40 ° C.) to the equivalent viscous damping constant Heq (t = 20 ° C.) at 20 ° C. is 1.00 <Heq (t = 40 ° C.) / Heq (t = 20 ° C.) ) <0.90 high damping rubber may be used.

Here, the equivalent viscous damping coefficient (Heq) in the dynamic viscoelasticity test is a sinusoidal vibration that causes shear deformation of the viscoelastic material, and the hysteresis loop (hysteresis curve) at that time is measured. It is calculated based on the result. If it demonstrates based on FIG. 7, Heq is a numerical value calculated by the following formula | equation (Formula 1).

  In addition, the damping member needs to function in a wide amplitude range from environmental vibrations such as traffic vibrations to wind fluctuations during typhoons and large earthquakes. From environmental vibrations such as traffic vibrations, the dominant frequency of typhoon traffic vibrations is usually distributed in the range of 4 Hz to 7 Hz, and seismic motion is distributed in the range of about 0.1 Hz to 20 Hz. For this reason, it is good to use the viscoelastic body which exhibits the stable vibration energy absorption capability irrespective of a frequency or distortion.

  Specifically, the viscoelastic body preferably has a limit deformation amount that is four times or more the thickness of the viscoelastic body. Thereby, even if a larger shear strain deformation acts during a typhoon or the like, a stable vibration energy absorbing ability can be exhibited.

  In addition, the viscoelastic body has an equivalent viscous damping constant having a frequency dependency of an equivalent viscous damping constant Heq (f = 0.5 Hz to 20.0 Hz) of an arbitrary frequency from 0.5 Hz to 20 Hz, and a frequency of 0. The ratio of the equivalent viscous damping constant Heq (f = 0.1 Hz) at 1 is 1.00> Heq (f = 0.5 Hz to 20.0 Hz) / Heq (f = 0.1 Hz)> 0.90. There should be.

  In addition, the viscoelastic body has an equivalent viscous damping constant Heq (γ = 0.5-3.3) at an arbitrary frequency when the shear strain dependency of the equivalent viscous damping constant is shear strain γ = 0.5-3.0. 0) and the equivalent viscous damping constant Heq (γ = 1.0) when the shear strain is γ = 1.0 is 1.00> Heq (γ = 0.5 to 3.0) / Heq ( It is preferable that γ = 1.0)> 0.90.

  If the viscoelastic body has the above-described frequency dependency and shear strain dependency, it can absorb a wide range of vibrations from environmental vibrations such as traffic vibrations to wind fluctuations and earthquake motions during typhoons.

  In order for the viscoelastic body to have the above-described strain dependency, frequency dependency, and temperature dependency, for example, 100 to 150 parts by weight of silica with respect to 100 parts by weight of the base rubber having a C—C bond in the main chain. It is preferable to use a high damping rubber in which 10 to 30% by weight of a silane compound is added to the silica. As an example of the suitable viscoelastic body, 135 parts by weight of silica is added to 100 parts by weight of the base rubber, and 17% by weight of the silane compound is added to the silica. According to this viscoelastic body, the above-described strain dependency, frequency dependency, and temperature dependency can be provided, and the function of the above-described vibration damping structure can be sufficiently exhibited.

〔式中、Ｒ¹ 、Ｒ² 、Ｒ³ およびＲ⁴ のうちの少なくとも１つはアルコキシ基、またはハロゲン原子を示し、他は同一または異なって水素原子、アルキル基またはアリール基を示す。〕で表されるシラン化合物とを含有するゴム組成物の加硫成形により形成される。また、基材ゴムとしては、主鎖にＣ−Ｃ結合を有する種々のゴムがいずれも使用可能である。具体的には天然ゴム（ＮＲ）の他、イソプレンゴム（ＩＲ）、ブタジエンゴム（ＢＲ）、スチレン−ブタジエン共重合ゴム（ＳＢＲ）、エチレン−プロピレン共重合ゴム（ＥＰＭ）、アクリロニトリル−ブタジエン共重合ゴム（ＮＢＲ）、ブチルゴム（ＩＩＲ）などがあげられる。これらはそれぞれ単独で使用される他、２種以上を併用することもできる。 The silane compound is represented by the following general formula:

[Wherein, at least one of R ¹ , R ² , R ³ and R ⁴ represents an alkoxy group or a halogen atom, and the other represents the same or different and represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group or an aryl group. It is formed by vulcanization molding of a rubber composition containing a silane compound represented by the formula: As the base rubber, any of various rubbers having a C—C bond in the main chain can be used. Specifically, in addition to natural rubber (NR), isoprene rubber (IR), butadiene rubber (BR), styrene-butadiene copolymer rubber (SBR), ethylene-propylene copolymer rubber (EPM), acrylonitrile-butadiene copolymer rubber. (NBR), butyl rubber (IIR) and the like. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

  As the silica added to the base rubber, various hydrophilic or hydrophobic silicas used as rubber reinforcing agents can be used. The addition amount of the silica is preferably 100 to 150 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the base rubber.

In the silane compound represented by the general formula (1), examples of the alkoxy group corresponding to R ^{1 to} R ⁴ include those having various carbon numbers represented by C _n H _{2n + 1} O. Preferable examples include methoxy and ethoxy having 1 to 2 carbon atoms. Examples of the halogen atom include fluorine, chlorine, bromine and the like.

Examples of the alkyl group include those having various carbon numbers represented by C _n H _{2n + 1} , and the carbon number is particularly preferably about 1 to 20. Examples of such alkyl groups include methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, secondary butyl, tertiary butyl, pentyl, hexyl, heptyl, octyl, nonyl, decyl, undecyl, dodecyl and the like. can give.

  Examples of the aryl group include phenyl, tolyl, xylyl, biphenylyl, o-terphenyl, naphthyl, anthryl, phenanthryl and the like. Specific examples of such silane compounds include, but are not limited to, n-hexyltrimethoxysilane, triethoxyphenylsilane, diethoxydimethylsilane, dimethyldichlorosilane, methyldichlorosilane, and the like.

  In addition to the above, the rubber composition includes, for example, a vulcanizing agent, a vulcanization accelerator, a vulcanization acceleration aid, a vulcanization retarder, a reinforcing agent other than silica, a filler, a softening agent, a plasticizer, and a tackifier. In addition, various additives may be added. Among the above, examples of the vulcanizing agent include sulfur, organic sulfur-containing compounds, and organic peroxides. Among these, examples of the organic sulfur-containing compounds include N, N'-dithiobismorpholine and the like. Examples of the peroxide include benzoyl peroxide and dicumyl peroxide.

  Examples of the vulcanization accelerator include thiuram vulcanization accelerators such as tetramethylthiuram disulfide and tetramethylthiuram monosulfide; zinc dibutyldithiocarbamate, zinc diethyldithiocarbamate, sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate, diethyl Dithiocarbamates such as tellurium dithiocarbamate; Thiazoles such as 2-mercaptobenzothiazole and N-cyclohexyl-2-benzothiazolesulfenamide; Organics such as thioureas such as trimethylthiourea and N, N′-diethylthiourea Examples of the promoter include inorganic promoters such as slaked lime, magnesium oxide, titanium oxide, and risurge (PbO).

  Examples of the vulcanization acceleration aid include fatty acids such as stearic acid, oleic acid and cottonseed fatty acid, and metal oxides such as zinc white. Examples of the vulcanization retarder include aromatic organic acids such as salicylic acid, phthalic anhydride, and benzoic acid; N-nitrosodiphenylamine, N-nitroso-2,2,4-trimethyl-1,2-dihydroquinone, N-nitroso And nitroso compounds such as phenyl-β-naphthylamine.

  The total amount of the vulcanizing agent, vulcanization accelerator, vulcanization acceleration aid and vulcanization retarder is preferably about 4 to 15 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the base rubber. . Examples of the antioxidant include imidazoles such as 2-mercaptobenzimidazole; phenyl-α-naphthylamine, N, N′-di-β-naphthyl-p-phenylenediamine, N-phenyl-N′-isopropyl-p- Examples include amines such as phenylenediamine; phenols such as di-t-butyl-p-cresol and styrenated phenol.

  The blending amount of the antioxidant is preferably about 1.5 to 5 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the base rubber. Carbon black is mainly used as a reinforcing agent other than silica, and inorganic reinforcing agents such as silicate-based white carbon, zinc white, surface-treated precipitated calcium carbonate, magnesium carbonate, talc, clay, or the like. Organic reinforcing agents such as malon indene resin, phenol resin, and high styrene resin (styrene-butadiene copolymer having a high styrene content) can also be used.

  Examples of the filler include calcium carbonate, clay, barium sulfate, and diatomaceous earth. The blending amount of the reinforcing agent and / or filler other than silica is preferably about 5 to 50 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the base rubber. Examples of the softener include vegetable oil-based, mineral oil-based, and synthetic softeners such as fatty acids (stearic acid, lauric acid, etc.), cottonseed oil, tall oil, asphalt substances, and paraffin wax.

  The blending amount of the softening agent is preferably about 10 to 100 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the base rubber. Examples of the plasticizer include various plasticizers such as dibutyl phthalate, dioctyl phthalate, and tricresyl phosphate. As for the compounding quantity of a plasticizer, about 5-20 weight part is preferable with respect to 100 weight part of base rubber.

  Further, examples of the tackifier include coumarone / indene resin, aromatic resin, aromatic / aliphatic mixed resin, rosin resin, and cyclopentadiene resin. The compounding amount of the tackifier is preferably about 5 to 50 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the base rubber.

  In addition to the above, for example, a dispersant, a solvent and the like may be appropriately blended in the rubber composition. The rubber composition is produced by kneading the above components using, for example, a closed kneader. The viscoelastic body has a predetermined thickness after the rubber composition is molded into a sheet using a roller head extruder or the like, punched out to have a predetermined shape, and then punched out. Thus, in a state where a plurality of sheets are laminated, they are manufactured by heating and vulcanization molding in a predetermined mold.

Moreover, the sum total of the shear spring constant of a viscoelastic body is good to be larger than the shear spring constant of the housing frame comprised by the housing panel, the pillar, etc. That is, the structural damping δ of the entire house was subjected to shear deformation by K1, the shear spring constant by only the housing frame when subjected to shear deformation, and by K2, the shear spring constant by only the damping member when subjected to shear deformation. The structural attenuation by only the housing frame at the time is δ1, and the structural attenuation by only the damping member when subjected to shear deformation is δ2, and is obtained by the following formula 2.

  Energy absorbed by the viscoelastic body when vibration is applied to the house by making the sum of the shear spring constants of the viscoelastic body larger than the shear spring constant of only the housing frame composed of housing panels and columns And the vibration damping effect by the viscoelastic body is more exhibited.

  Although the vibration damping structure according to one embodiment of the present invention has been described above, the vibration damping structure according to the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment.

The front view which shows the damping structure which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. (A) is a front view which shows the state of the damping structure before a vibration acts, (b) is a front view which shows the state in which the vibration acted. The front view which shows the damping structure which concerns on other embodiment of this invention. The front view which shows the damping structure which concerns on other embodiment of this invention. The top view which shows the damping member which concerns on other embodiment of this invention. (A), (b) is a top view which shows the comparative example of the damping structure which concerns on other embodiment of this invention. The figure which showed the method of calculating an equivalent attenuation coefficient from a hysteresis curve measurement result.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Damping structure 2a, 2b Column 3a, 3b Connecting material 4 Damping member 5a, 5b Reinforcement column 6 Viscoelastic body 7, 8 Plate

Claims (6)

Between the pillars constituting the building framework, vibration damping members with vulcanized and bonded plates are arranged on both sides of the viscoelastic body, and one plate of the vibration damping member is attached to one side via a connecting member made of a rigid body . A vibration damping structure in which the viscoelastic body is shear-deformed when a vibration is applied to a building by fixing the other plate to a column on the opposite side via a connecting member made of a rigid body . The viscoelastic body has the temperature dependence of the equivalent viscous damping constant,
On the low temperature side, the ratio of the equivalent viscous damping constant Heq (t = −10 ° C.) at −10 ° C. to the equivalent viscous damping constant Heq (t = 20 ° C.) at 20 ° C. is 1.00 <Keq (t = −10 ° C.) / Keq (t = 20 ° C.) <1.50,
On the high temperature side, the ratio of the equivalent viscous damping constant Heq (t = 40 ° C.) at 40 ° C. to the equivalent viscous damping constant Heq (t = 20 ° C.) at 20 ° C. is 1.00 <Heq (t = The vibration damping structure according to claim 1, wherein: 40 ° C.) / Heq (t = 20 ° C.) <0.90.   The damping structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the viscoelastic body has a limit deformation amount that is four times or more the thickness of the viscoelastic body. The viscoelastic body has a frequency dependence of an equivalent viscous damping constant,
An equivalent viscous damping constant Heq (f = 0.5 Hz to 20.0 Hz) at an arbitrary frequency from 0.5 Hz to 20 Hz and an equivalent viscous damping constant Heq (f = 0.1 Hz) when the frequency is 0.1. 4. The ratio according to claim 1, wherein the ratio is 1.00> Heq (f = 0.5 Hz to 20.0 Hz) / Heq (f = 0.1 Hz)> 0.90. 5. Damping structure. The viscoelastic body has a shear strain dependency of an equivalent viscous damping constant,
Equivalent viscous damping constant Heq (γ = 0.5 to 3.0) at an arbitrary frequency with shear strain γ = 0.5 to 3.0 and equivalent viscous damping when shear strain γ = 1.0 The ratio of constant Heq (γ = 1.0) is 1.00> Heq (γ = 0.5 to 3.0) / Heq (γ = 1.0)> 0.90, Item 5. The vibration damping structure according to any one of Items 1 to 4.   The damping structure according to claim 1, wherein a total sum of shear spring constants of the viscoelastic body is larger than a shear spring constant of a housing body composed of a housing panel or a column.

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