JP2005006511A - Method for enhancing tangle flavor - Google Patents

Method for enhancing tangle flavor Download PDF

Info

Publication number
JP2005006511A
JP2005006511A JP2003171504A JP2003171504A JP2005006511A JP 2005006511 A JP2005006511 A JP 2005006511A JP 2003171504 A JP2003171504 A JP 2003171504A JP 2003171504 A JP2003171504 A JP 2003171504A JP 2005006511 A JP2005006511 A JP 2005006511A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
kelp
fatty acid
flavor
food
extract
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
JP2003171504A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JP4188759B2 (en
Inventor
Akiko Sakai
暁子 酒井
Tomoaki Saito
知明 斎藤
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
KH Neochem Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Kyowa Hakko Kogyo Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Kyowa Hakko Kogyo Co Ltd filed Critical Kyowa Hakko Kogyo Co Ltd
Priority to JP2003171504A priority Critical patent/JP4188759B2/en
Publication of JP2005006511A publication Critical patent/JP2005006511A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP4188759B2 publication Critical patent/JP4188759B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

Links

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for enhancing tangle flavor; to obtain a tangle flavor-enhancing agent; and to provide seasoning or food/drink to which seasoning or the tangle flavor-enhancing agent is added. <P>SOLUTION: This method for enhancing tangle flavor of the food and drink comprises adding at least one kind selected from fatty acid, light-irradiated fatty acid, and heated fatty acid to food and drink having tangle flavor, and irradiating tangle or a tangle extract with light, or heating tangle or the tangle extract. The tangle flavor-enhancing agent contains at least one kind selected from fatty acid, light-irradiated fatty acid and heated fatty acid as an active ingredient. The seasoning is obtained by addition of at least one kind selected from fatty acid, light-irradiated fatty acid and heated fatty acid. The food/drink is obtained by addition of the tangle flavor-enhancing agent or the seasoning. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、昆布風味増強方法、昆布風味増強剤、調味料および飲食品に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
昆布はだしとして広く日本料理に用いられ、昆布抽出物は昆布風味調味料として使用されている。昆布風味調味料に用いられる昆布抽出物は、昆布から水、アルコール、酢酸や二酸化炭素ガス等により抽出される。これらの方法により風味の強い昆布抽出物を得ることができるが、昆布は原料としては非常に高価であることから、少量の昆布から強い昆布風味を有する昆布抽出物を効率よく生産する方法や昆布の代替物を使った昆布風味調味料を生産する方法が望まれている。
【0003】
昆布の代替物を使った昆布風味調味料としては、カリウム、グルタミン酸、糖アルコールを特定の比で配合したものが昆布だしの呈味部分を再現したものとして知られているが(特許文献1参照)、昆布だしの風味を十分に再現できる代替物は知られていない。また、昆布エキスの色調改善の目的で、塩蔵昆布抽出物に光照射を行った例はあるが(非特許文献1〜3参照)、光照射による昆布エキスの風味増強については知られていない。
【0004】
【特許文献1】
特開昭60−168363号公報
【0005】
【非特許文献1】
「日本水産学会誌」、1999年、第65巻、第6号、p.1090−1095
【0006】
【非特許文献2】
「日本水産学会誌」、2000年、第66巻、第1号、p.104−109
【0007】
【非特許文献3】
「日本水産学会誌」、2002年、第68巻、第1号、p.78−84
【0008】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明の目的は、昆布風味増強方法、昆布風味増強剤、調味料、または該昆布風味増強剤もしくは調味料を添加してなる飲食品を提供することにある。
【0009】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は以下の(1)〜(7)に関する。
(1)脂肪酸、脂肪酸光照射物および脂肪酸加熱物の中から選ばれる1種以上を、昆布風味を有する飲食品に添加することを特徴とする該飲食品の昆布風味増強方法。
【0010】
(2)昆布または昆布の抽出物に光照射することを特徴とする昆布風味増強方法。
(3)昆布または昆布の抽出物を加熱することを特徴とする昆布風味増強方法。
(4)脂肪酸、脂肪酸光照射物および脂肪酸加熱物の中から選ばれる1種以上を有効成分として含有する昆布風味増強剤。
【0011】
(5)脂肪酸、脂肪酸光照射物および脂肪酸加熱物の中から選ばれる1種以上を添加してなる調味料。
(6)(4)に記載の昆布風味増強剤を添加してなる飲食品。
(7)(5)に記載の調味料を添加してなる飲食品。
【0012】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明において用いられる脂肪酸としては、例えば炭素数6〜24の飽和または不飽和の脂肪酸が好ましく、炭素数12〜24の飽和または不飽和の脂肪酸がより好ましく、炭素数14〜22の飽和または不飽和の脂肪酸が特に好ましい。
より具体的には、ヘキサン酸、オクタン酸、デカン酸、ラウリン酸、ミリスチン酸、パルミチン酸、マルガリン酸、ステアリン酸、アラキジン酸、パルミトレイン酸、オレイン酸、バクセン酸、リノール酸、リノレン酸、アラキドン酸、エイコサペンタエン酸、リグノセリン酸、エルカ酸、ドコサヘキサエン酸等があげられる。
【0013】
上記脂肪酸として、食用の油脂または該油脂のリパーゼ分解物に含まれる脂肪酸を用いてもよい。
食用の油脂としては、例えば菜種油、大豆油、米ぬか油、オリーブ油、サフラワー油、とうもろこし油、パーム油、綿実油、落花生油、牛脂、豚脂、ショートニング、バター、マーガリン等があげられる。
【0014】
リパーゼとしては、例えばリパーゼAY「アマノ」30(天野製薬)、リパーゼ600(協和ハイフーズ)、リパーゼMY(名糖産業)等があげられる。
上記脂肪酸の代わりに、脂肪酸を含有する食物から脂肪酸を含有する抽出物を調製して用いてもよい。
脂肪酸を含有する食物としては、例えば藻類、植物、魚介類、畜肉等があげられる。
【0015】
脂肪酸を含有する食物の抽出物としては、該食物から、各種溶媒抽出、超臨界流体抽出等、該食物から脂肪酸を抽出する方法より取得できる抽出物があげられる。
溶媒抽出に用いる溶媒としては、脂肪酸を抽出できる溶媒であれば、例えば水性媒体、有機溶媒等いずれを用いてもよい。また、溶媒は単独で用いてもよいし、複数を組み合わせた混合溶媒として用いてもよい。
【0016】
水性媒体としては、例えば水、無機塩水溶液、緩衝液等があげられる。
水としては、水道水、蒸留水、脱イオン水、純水等があげられる。
緩衝液としては、例えばリン酸緩衝液、クエン酸緩衝液等があげられる。
無機塩水溶液の無機塩としては、例えば塩化ナトリウム、塩化カリウム、塩化カルシウム等があげられる。
【0017】
有機溶媒としては、例えばメタノール、エタノール、1−ブタノール、1−プロパノール、2−ブタノール、2−プロパノール等の1価脂肪族アルコール、エチレングリコール、プロピレングリコール等の2価脂肪族アルコール、グリセリン等の2価アルコール、酢酸メチル、酢酸エチル等の酢酸アルキル、アセトン、エチルメチルケトン等の脂肪族ケトン、ジメチルエーテル、ジエチルエーテル等の脂肪族エーテル、ヘキサン、ヘプタン、石油エーテル等の脂肪族炭化水素、シクロヘキサン等の脂環式炭化水素、トルエン、ベンゼン等の芳香族炭化水素、クロロホルム、ジクロロメタン、1,1,1,2−テトラフルオロエタン、1,1,2−トリクロロエテン等のハロゲン化脂肪族炭化水素、ゴマ油、トウモロコシ油、オリーブ油、綿実油等の食用油脂、メタン、エタン、プロパン、プロピレン、ブタン、ブチレン等の液化脂肪族炭化水素、ジメチルスルフォキシド等があげられる。
【0018】
また、溶媒としては、液化二酸化炭素や超臨界流体化二酸化炭素を用いることもできる。
溶媒抽出は、撹拌機、超音波発生器、還流抽出器、ソックスレー抽出器等、通常の溶媒抽出で使用される機器が用いられる。
溶媒抽出の終了後、沈降分離、ケーク濾過、清澄濾過、遠心濾過、遠心沈降、圧搾、分離、フィルタープレス等の固液分離方法を用いて、好ましくは濾過により、抽出液を取得し、これを抽出物としてもよい。また、該固液分離方法によって得られた抽出残渣を、抽出溶媒でさらに抽出し、これを抽出物としてもよい。
【0019】
脂肪酸を含有する食物の抽出物は、該食物から溶媒抽出、超臨界流体抽出等の抽出方法により取得した抽出物を、さらに濃縮または乾燥方法、精製方法等を用いて処理したものであってもよい。
濃縮または乾燥方法としては、加熱濃縮、凍結濃縮、逆浸透濃縮、減圧濃縮、凍結乾燥、自然乾燥、熱風乾燥、通風乾燥、送風乾燥、減圧乾燥、天日乾燥、真空乾燥、スプレードライ、流動層乾燥、泡沫層乾燥、ドラムドライヤーなどの皮膜乾燥法、超音波乾燥法、電磁波乾燥法等の乾燥方法があげられ、減圧濃縮法、スプレードライ方法、凍結乾燥方法が好適に用いられる。
【0020】
本発明の脂肪酸光照射物は、脂肪酸、例えば上記の食用の油脂もしくは該油脂のリパーゼ分解物、または脂肪酸を含有する食品の脂肪酸を含有する抽出物(以上を合わせて、脂肪酸含有物ともいう)に光照射することによって得られる。
光照射処理では、脂肪酸をそのまま、または適宜溶媒に溶解、分散、乳化した後、光照射を行うことにより光照射物が得られる。
【0021】
使用する光源としては特に制限はないが、主として200〜800nmの波長の光を発する光源が好ましく、より好ましくは350〜700nmの間の波長の光を発する光源が好ましい。その具体例としては、太陽光、蛍光灯、白熱灯、ブラックライト、殺菌灯および補虫灯等があげられ、これらの光源を1種または2種以上を組み合わせて使用できる。中でも蛍光灯やブラックライトが食品工業上、安全性の観点から好ましく用いられる。
【0022】
また、光照射時には光増感物質が存在していることが好ましい。光増感物質としては、例えばクロロフィルやその分解物である(ピロ)フェオフィチン、リボフラビン、金属塩などがあげられる。中でも昆布に多く含有されるクロロフィルや(ピロ)フェオフィチンがより好ましく用いられる。
植物油や植物抽出物、藻類抽出物中にはクロロフィルなどの光増感物質が元々含まれているが、反応の効率を上げるために、上述の光増感物質を適宜添加してもよい。光増感物質の好適な濃度は物質により異なるが、例えばクロロフィルの場合、0.1ppb以上であるのが好ましく、1〜1000000ppbであるのがより好ましく、100〜500000ppbであるのが特に好ましい。
【0023】
光照射時の温度は5〜90℃が好ましく、10〜50℃がより好ましく、15〜40℃が特に好ましい。
光照射の照射時間は温度や光量、光増感物質の有無、溶液の溶媒等により異なるが、例えば20℃、20W蛍光灯下10cmの位置において、クロロフィル100〜500000ppbの存在下でリノール酸溶液の光照射処理を行う場合、12時間〜7日間が好ましい。
【0024】
本発明の脂肪酸加熱物は、上記の脂肪酸を加熱することによって得られる。
本発明の脂肪酸加熱物は、脂肪酸含有物をそのまま、または適宜溶媒に溶解、分散、乳化した後加熱することにより得られる。加熱操作は常圧下または加圧条件下のどちらでも良く、温度は40℃以上が好ましく、50〜200℃がより好ましく、60〜130℃が特に好ましい。加熱時間は温度条件により異なるが、例えば昆布抽出液を85℃で加熱する場合は10秒〜30分間が好ましく、30秒〜2分間が嗜好面から特に好ましい。静置条件下で操作しても構わないが、均一に加熱を行うために攪拌しながら加熱することが好ましい。
【0025】
また加熱操作は加熱殺菌工程を利用しても良い。加熱殺菌工程としては、例えば加熱水蒸気殺菌、レトルト殺菌、高温短時間(HTST)殺菌、超高温短時間(UHT)殺菌、マイクロ波加熱殺菌、遠赤外加熱殺菌、通電加熱殺菌等があげられる。
また加熱操作は加熱濃縮工程や加熱乾燥工程を利用しても良い。加熱濃縮工程としては例えば蒸発濃縮があげられる。乾燥工程としては、熱風乾燥、天日乾燥、スプレードライ、ドラムドライヤーなどの皮膜乾燥法、電磁波乾燥法等の乾燥方法があげられ、熱風乾燥やスプレードライ方法、ドラムドライヤーによる方法が好適に用いられる。
【0026】
本発明において昆布風味とは、昆布だし等を食した時に感じる昆布の呈味、香りのことをいう。
本発明の昆布風味増強剤とは、それ自身は昆布風味を有さないが、昆布風味を呈する物質と共存することにより該昆布風味を増強し、昆布抽出物や昆布だし等の使用量を低減できる効果を有する飲食品添加剤を意味する。
【0027】
上記で得られる脂肪酸、脂肪酸光照射物または脂肪酸加熱物は、そのまま本発明の昆布風味増強剤として使用してもよいが、必要に応じて、調味料、香辛料、無機塩、酸、アミノ酸、核酸、糖類等の飲食品に使用可能な各種添加物を添加して、本発明の昆布風味増強剤としてもよい。さらに、賦形剤等を添加して、本発明の昆布風味増強剤としてもよい。
【0028】
調味料としては例えば味噌、醤油等の発酵調味料、エキス等の天然調味料があげられる。
香辛料としては各種の香辛料等があげられる。
無機塩としては、食塩、塩化カリウム、塩化アンモニウム等があげられる。
酸としては、アスコルビン酸、フマル酸、リンゴ酸、酒石酸、クエン酸、脂肪酸等のカルボン酸およびそれらの塩等があげられる。該塩としては、ナトリウムおよびカリウム塩等があげられる。
【0029】
アミノ酸としては、グルタミン酸ナトリウム、グリシン等があげられる。
核酸としてはイノシン酸ナトリウム、グアニル酸ナトリウム等があげられる
糖類としては、ショ糖、ブドウ糖、乳糖等があげられる。
賦形剤としては、可溶性澱粉、デキストリン、乳糖等があげられる。
【0030】
本発明の昆布風味増強方法の対象となる飲食品としては、飲食時に昆布風味を有する飲食品であれば特に制限はない。飲食品としては、例えば昆布、昆布エキス、昆布風味エキス、だし、たれ、ドレッシング、マヨネーズ、トマトケチャップ等の調味料、お吸い物、コンソメスープ、卵スープ、ワカメスープ、フカヒレスープ、ポタージュ、みそ汁等のスープ類、麺類(そば、うどん、ラーメン、パスタ等)のつゆ、ソース類、おかゆ、雑炊、お茶漬け等の米調理食品、ハム、ソーセージ、チーズ等の畜産加工品、かまぼこ、干物、塩辛、珍味等の水産加工品、漬物等の野菜加工品、ポテトチップス、煎餅、クッキー等の菓子スナック類、煮物、揚げ物、焼き物、カレー等の調理食品等があげられる。
【0031】
本発明の昆布風味増強剤を飲食品に添加する方法としては、いずれの方法を用いてもよい。例えば、本発明の昆布風味増強剤が固体状である場合は、該昆布風味増強剤を飲食品にふりかけて添加してもよいし、本発明の昆布風味増強剤が液状である場合は、飲食品に混合して添加してもよいし、飲食品を該昆布風味増強剤中に浸漬させることを通じて飲食品に添加してもよい。
【0032】
添加する時期は、例えば、飲食品の製造工程中のいずれかの時期、加熱調理、電子レンジ調理、真空調理等によって飲食品を調理する際、または飲食品が製造および調理された後など、いずれの時期であってもよい。
本発明の調味料は、昆布および/または昆布の抽出物を含有し、脂肪酸、脂肪酸光照射物および脂肪酸加熱物の中から選ばれる1種以上を添加してなる調味料であれば、いずれの調味料として用いてもよいが、昆布風味調味料として用いることが好ましい。
【0033】
脂肪酸、脂肪酸光照射物または脂肪酸加熱物としては、上記のものがあげられる。
昆布としては、いずれの昆布も使用することができ、例えば、利尻昆布、真昆布または三石昆布等の昆布があげられる。
昆布としては、昆布をそのまま用いてもよく、昆布を物理化学的処理または生物学的処理をして得られる処理物として用いてもよい。
【0034】
物理化学的処理としては、天日乾燥、通風乾燥、凍結乾燥等による乾燥処理、ブレンダー、ホモジナイザー、ボールミル等による粉砕処理などがあげられ、物理化学的処理物としては、乾燥処理物、粉砕処理物等があげられる。
生物学的処理としては、細菌、酵母等による発酵処理などがあげられ、生物学的処理物としては発酵処理物等があげられる。
【0035】
昆布の抽出物としては、溶媒抽出等の昆布から昆布風味を呈する物質を抽出する方法によって取得できる抽出物があげられる。
溶媒抽出に用いる溶媒としては、昆布から昆布風味を呈する物質を抽出できる溶媒であれば、例えば水性媒体、有機溶媒等いずれを用いてもよい。また、溶媒は単独で用いてもよいし、複数を組み合わせた混合溶媒として用いてもよい。
【0036】
水性媒体または有機溶媒としては、上記のものがあげられる。
混合溶媒としては、例えば含水1価アルコールが好ましく、含水エタノールがより好ましい。含水率としては、90%(v/v)以下であることが好ましく、60%(v/v)以下であることがより好ましい。
溶媒抽出は、撹拌機、超音波発生器、還流抽出器、ソックスレー抽出器等、通常の溶媒抽出で使用される機器が用いられる。
【0037】
溶媒抽出に用いられる溶媒量は、特に制限はないが、例えば昆布1重量部に対して溶媒を0.1〜10000重量部、好ましくは1〜2000重量部、さらに好ましくは5〜100重量部を用いて行う。抽出温度は、溶媒の融点以上、沸点以下の温度であれば、特に制限はないが、水性媒体では0〜100℃が好ましく、20〜80℃がより好ましく、有機溶媒では0〜1000℃が好ましく、20〜80℃がより好ましい。抽出時間は、特に制限はないが、1分間〜1年間が好ましく、30分間〜3ヶ月間がより好ましい。
【0038】
溶媒抽出が終了した後、得られた抽出液を、沈降分離、ケーク濾過、清澄濾過、遠心濾過、遠心沈降、圧搾、分離、フィルタープレス等の固液分離方法を用いて、好ましくは濾過により、抽出液を取得し、これを抽出物としてもよい。また、該固液分離方法によって得られた抽出残渣を、抽出溶媒でさらに抽出し、これを抽出物としてもよい。
【0039】
本発明における昆布の抽出物は、昆布から溶媒抽出等の抽出方法により取得した抽出物を、さらに固液分離方法、濃縮または乾燥方法、精製方法等を用いて処理したものであってもよい。
固液分離方法、濃縮または乾燥方法としては、上記と同様の方法が用いられる。
上記抽出物を必要に応じて溶媒に溶解させた後、膜分離法、液体膜分離法、溶媒分配法、分画法等の精製方法を用いて、抽出物中の昆布風味を呈する物質の濃度を高めたり、不要物を除去してもよい。
【0040】
本発明の調味料は、脂肪酸、脂肪酸光照射物または脂肪酸加熱物を0.01〜100000ppm含有していることが好ましく、0.1〜50000ppm含有していることがより好ましい。
本発明の調味料は、通常の調味料と同様に飲食品に添加することができる。例えば、本発明の調味料が顆粒状である場合は、該調味料を飲食品にふりかけてもよいし、本発明の調味料が液状である場合は、飲食品に添加して混合してもよいし、飲食品を該調味料中に浸漬することを通じて飲食品に添加させてもよい。
【0041】
添加する時期は、例えば、飲食品の製造工程中のいずれかの時期、加熱調理、電子レンジ調理、真空調理等によって飲食品を調理する際、または飲食品が製造および調理された後など、いずれの時期であってもよい。
飲食品に使用する本発明の昆布風味増強剤または調味料の量は、添加される飲食品の形態、飲食品の有する昆布風味の強さや、増強させたい昆布風味の程度等により適宜決定すればよいが、事前に呈味試験を行うことにより決定しておくことが好ましい。該昆布風味増強剤または調味料の使用量は、対象飲食品に対して脂肪酸、脂肪酸光照射物または脂肪酸加熱物として、好ましくは0.001〜2000ppm、より好ましくは0.01〜100ppm、特に好ましくは0.03〜10ppmである。
【0042】
上記の通り、脂肪酸、脂肪酸光照射物または脂肪酸加熱物を昆布風味を有する飲食品に添加することにより、該飲食品の昆布風味を増強することができる。
また本発明では、昆布または昆布の抽出物に上記光照射と同条件の光照射をすることにより、昆布風味を増強することができる。
さらに本発明では、昆布または昆布の抽出物に上記加熱工程と同条件の加熱を行うことにより、昆布風味を増強することができる。
以下に本発明の実施例を示す。
【0043】
【実施例】
以下の実施例において用いた分析法について示す。
1.ガスクロマトグラフィーによる脂肪酸の定量法
各サンプルに対して等容量の特級酢酸エチルを加え、5分間振とう抽出を行い、溶媒層を回収した。水層についてはさらに2回同量の酢酸エチルで同様に抽出を行い、回収した溶媒層を合わせたものについて、遠心エバポレーターで溶媒を留去後、特級エタノールで適宜定容したものをガスクロマトグラフィーに供し、遊離脂肪酸を定量した。
【0044】
分析条件
カラム:NUKOL(SPELCO社製)、30m×内径0.53mm、0.5μm膜厚
カラム保持温度:110℃で5分間保持後220℃まで毎分8℃で昇温、220℃で60分間保持
検出器 : 水素炎イオン化検出器
【0045】
2.高速液体クロマトグラフィーによる脂肪酸の定量法
各サンプルに等容量の特級酢酸エチルを加え、5分間振とう抽出を行い、溶媒層を回収した。水層についてはさらに2回同量の酢酸エチルで同様に抽出を行い、回収した溶媒層を合わせたものについて、遠心エバポレーターで溶媒を留去後、特級エタノールで適宜定容したものを高速液体クロマトグラフィーに供し、遊離脂肪酸を定量した。
【0046】
分析条件
カラム:Inertsil ODS−2(GLサイエンス社製)、4.6×250mm
移動相 : アセトニトリル50%〜100%のグラジエント
検出 : UV210nm
【0047】
3. 昆布風味増強作用評価法1
飲食品の調味の専門家で構成したパネル6名により、以下に示す評点法で昆布風味増強物質の昆布風味増強作用を評価した。すなわち、第1表記載のめんつゆの昆布風味を4点として、該めんつゆの昆布風味と比較して風味がかなり弱いと感じる場合を1点、弱いと感じる場合を2点、わずかに弱いと感じる場合を3点とした。逆に、該めんつゆの昆布風味と比較して風味がわずかに強いと感じる場合を5点、強いと感じる場合を6点、かなり強いと感じる場合を7点とした。値は平均値±標準偏差で表した。
【0048】
【表1】

Figure 2005006511
【0049】
4. 昆布風味増強作用評価法2
飲食品の調味の専門家で構成したパネル7名により、以下に示す評点法で昆布風味増強物質の昆布風味増強作用を評価した。すなわち、昆布風味が非常に強いものを7点、強いものを6点、やや強いものを5点、標準的なものを4点、やや弱いものを3点、弱いものを2点、非常に弱いものを1点として評価を行った。
【0050】
また必要に応じて、昆布風味増強作用の評価と同時に、昆布風味の好ましさについて以下に示す評点法で評価した。すなわち、昆布風味が非常に好ましいものを7点、好ましいものを6点、やや好ましいものを5点、標準的なものを4点、やや好ましくないものを3点、好ましくないものを2点、非常に好ましくないものを1点として評価を行った。値は平均値±標準偏差で表した。
【0051】
実施例1
リノール酸(和光純薬社製一級試薬)333ppm、リノレン酸(和光純薬社製化学用試薬)333ppm、クロロフィル油(クロロフィル含量14〜25%、和光純薬社製)333ppmとなるように、66.7%(v/v)エタノール水に溶解した溶液3mLをネジ付き試験管に入れて密栓し、20Wの蛍光灯下10cmの位置に6日間放置した(脂肪酸光照射物)。光照射しない脂肪酸の効果を確認するために、同じ溶液をネジ付き褐色試験管に入れて密栓し、−20℃で放置した。第1表に記載した組成のめんつゆに光照射サンプルおよび対照サンプルをそれぞれ1/1110量(v/w)添加し、昆布風味増強作用評価法1で昆布風味増強作用を評価した。
【0052】
各パネリストの採点の平均値を求めた結果、脂肪酸添加区の評点は4.92±0.38点、脂肪酸光照射物添加区の評点は5.50±1.76であった。この結果から、リノール酸およびリノレン酸による昆布風味増強作用、ならびに光照射による該作用の増進が明らかとなった。
【0053】
実施例2
市販の菜種油(味の素社製キャノーラ油)1gと蒸留水99mlを褐色瓶中で混合し、密栓をしてマグネチックスターラーで攪拌した。さらに酵素リパーゼAY「アマノ」30G(天野製薬社製)を0.5g添加し、42℃の湯浴中で加温しながら攪拌を続け24時間酵素分解を行った。酵素分解終了後、褐色瓶を沸騰水浴中で5分間加熱し、酵素を失活させた。このようにして得られた菜種油分解物中の遊離脂肪酸含量をガスクロマトグラフィーによる脂肪酸の定量法により測定した。結果を第2表に示す。
【0054】
【表2】
Figure 2005006511
【0055】
上述の菜種油分解物をよく混合し、20mlを50ml容三角フラスコにうつし、原料アルコールを5ml添加した。20Wの蛍光灯下に液面までの距離が5cmとなるようにフラスコを置き、マグネチックスターラーでゆっくり攪拌しながら光照射を行った。3時間光照射を行ったサンプルを第1表に記載のめんつゆに1/500量(v/w)添加したものを試験区とし、何も添加しない第1表に記載のめんつゆを対照区とし、昆布風味増強作用評価法2で昆布風味増強作用および昆布風味の好ましさを評価した。結果を第3表に示す。
【0056】
【表3】
Figure 2005006511
【0057】
第3表から明らかなように、試験区では、対照区と比較して、昆布風味の強さおよび好ましさが増強された。
【0058】
実施例3
真昆布乾燥物100gを1cm角に細切して2L容の容器に入れ、蒸留水1Lを注いだ。スリーワンモーター(新東科学社製)で攪拌しながら40℃のウォーターバス中で加温し、3時間抽出を行った。ミラクロース(CALBIOCHEM社製)を用いて吸引ろ過を行い、得られたろ液627mlをろ液Aとした。抽出残渣に67%アルコール水(v/v)1Lを加え、さらにスリーワンモーターで攪拌しながら40℃で1時間抽出を行った。不織布を用いてろ過を行い、得られたろ液1185mlをろ液Bとした。ろ液Aの470.25mlとろ液Bの888.75mlを混合し、ロータリーエバポレーターで159gまで濃縮を行い、蒸留水で180mlにメスアップし、真昆布エキスとした。
【0059】
得られた真昆布エキス中の脂肪酸含量をガスクロマトグラフィーによる脂肪酸の定量法を用いて測定した結果を第4表に示す。
【0060】
【表4】
Figure 2005006511
【0061】
真昆布エキス4ml、実施例2記載の菜種油分解物4ml及び蒸留水32mlを混合したものを100ml容三角フラスコに入れ、20Wの蛍光灯下に液面まで9cmとなる位置に置き、マグネチックスターラーで攪拌しながら光照射を行った。照射前および照射後30分時に10mlずつサンプリングしたものについてそれぞれ未照射エキスおよび30分照射エキスとし、沸騰水浴中で加温し85℃達温直後に流水冷却を行った。また、対照として、真昆布エキス1mlと9mlの蒸留水を混合したものについても同様に沸騰水浴中で加温し85℃達温直後に流水冷却を行い、対照エキスとした。
【0062】
上記対照エキス、未照射エキス、30分照射エキスをそれぞれ第5表記載のめんつゆに0.5%(w/w)となるよう添加した後に、沸騰水浴中で加温し85℃達温直後に流水冷却を行った。該3種のめんつゆ(対照区、未照射区、30分照射区)について、昆布風味増強作用評価法2で昆布風味増強作用を評価した。
【0063】
【表5】
Figure 2005006511
【0064】
各パネリストの採点の平均値を求めた結果、対照区の評点は3.0±1.2、未照射区の評点は4.0±1.6、30分照射区の評点は4.7±1.5であった。
以上の結果から、菜種油の酵素分解により生じた脂肪酸の昆布風味増強作用、ならびに真昆布エキス中の脂肪酸および菜種油の酵素分解により生じた脂肪酸の光照射物による昆布風味増強作用が明らかとなった。
【0065】
実施例4
実施例1と同様に、リノール酸500ppm、リノレン酸500ppm、クロロフィル油500ppmとなるように、66.7%(v/v)エタノール水に溶解した溶液3mLをネジ付き試験管に入れて密栓し、60℃のインキュベーター内に7日間放置した(加熱サンプル)。対照として同じ溶液をネジ付き褐色試験管に入れて密栓し、−20℃で放置した(対照サンプル)。第1表に記載した組成のめんつゆに加熱サンプルおよび対照サンプルをそれぞれ3/5000量(v/w)となるよう添加し、昆布風味増強作用評価法2で昆布風味増強作用を評価した。
【0066】
各パネリストの採点の平均値を求めた結果、対照サンプル添加区の評点は3.93±1.79点、加熱サンプル添加区の評点は4.33±0.82であった。この結果から、リノール酸およびリノレン酸の加熱物による昆布風味増強作用が明らかとなった。
【0067】
【発明の効果】
本発明により、昆布風味増強方法、昆布風味増強剤、調味料、または該昆布風味増強剤もしくは調味料を添加してなる飲食品を提供することができる。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a kelp flavor enhancing method, a kelp flavor enhancing agent, a seasoning, and a food and drink.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Kelp is widely used as a soup in Japanese cuisine, and kelp extract is used as a seasoning for kelp flavor. The kelp extract used for the kelp flavor seasoning is extracted from kelp with water, alcohol, acetic acid, carbon dioxide gas or the like. A kelp extract with a strong flavor can be obtained by these methods. However, since kelp is very expensive as a raw material, a method for efficiently producing a kelp extract having a strong kelp flavor from a small amount of kelp or kelp A method for producing a kombu-flavored seasoning using an alternative to the above is desired.
[0003]
As a kombu-flavored seasoning using an alternative to kombu, a mixture of potassium, glutamic acid, and sugar alcohol in a specific ratio is known to reproduce the taste portion of kombu-dashi (see Patent Document 1). ) No alternative is known that can fully reproduce the flavor of kombu stock. In addition, there is an example in which the salted kelp extract is irradiated with light for the purpose of improving the color tone of the kelp extract (see Non-Patent Documents 1 to 3), but the flavor enhancement of the kelp extract by light irradiation is not known.
[0004]
[Patent Document 1]
JP 60-168363 A
[0005]
[Non-Patent Document 1]
“Journal of Japanese Fisheries Society”, 1999, Vol. 65, No. 6, p. 1090-1095
[0006]
[Non-Patent Document 2]
“Journal of Fisheries Science of Japan”, 2000, Vol. 66, No. 1, p. 104-109
[0007]
[Non-Patent Document 3]
“Journal of Japanese Fisheries Society”, 2002, Vol. 68, No. 1, p. 78-84
[0008]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
An object of the present invention is to provide a method for enhancing kelp flavor, a kelp flavor enhancer, a seasoning, or a food or drink obtained by adding the kelp flavor enhancer or seasoning.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention relates to the following (1) to (7).
(1) A method for enhancing a kelp flavor of a food or drink, comprising adding at least one selected from fatty acids, fatty acid irradiated products and heated fatty acids to a food and drink having a kelp flavor.
[0010]
(2) A method for enhancing kelp flavor, which comprises irradiating kelp or an extract of kelp with light.
(3) A method for enhancing kelp flavor, comprising heating kelp or an extract of kelp.
(4) A kelp flavor enhancer containing at least one selected from fatty acids, fatty acid irradiated products and heated fatty acids as an active ingredient.
[0011]
(5) A seasoning comprising one or more selected from fatty acids, fatty acid light irradiated products and fatty acid heated products.
(6) A food or drink obtained by adding the kelp flavor enhancer according to (4).
(7) A food or drink comprising the seasoning according to (5).
[0012]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The fatty acid used in the present invention is, for example, preferably a saturated or unsaturated fatty acid having 6 to 24 carbon atoms, more preferably a saturated or unsaturated fatty acid having 12 to 24 carbon atoms, and a saturated or unsaturated fatty acid having 14 to 22 carbon atoms. Saturated fatty acids are particularly preferred.
More specifically, hexanoic acid, octanoic acid, decanoic acid, lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, margaric acid, stearic acid, arachidic acid, palmitoleic acid, oleic acid, vaccenic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, arachidonic acid Eicosapentaenoic acid, lignoceric acid, erucic acid, docosahexaenoic acid and the like.
[0013]
As said fatty acid, you may use the fatty acid contained in edible fats and oils or the lipase decomposition product of this fats and oils.
Examples of edible fats and oils include rapeseed oil, soybean oil, rice bran oil, olive oil, safflower oil, corn oil, palm oil, cottonseed oil, peanut oil, beef fat, pork fat, shortening, butter, margarine and the like.
[0014]
Examples of the lipase include lipase AY “Amano” 30 (Amano Pharmaceutical), lipase 600 (Kyowa High Foods), lipase MY (named sugar industry) and the like.
Instead of the fatty acid, an extract containing a fatty acid may be prepared from a food containing the fatty acid.
Examples of the food containing fatty acids include algae, plants, seafood, and livestock meat.
[0015]
Examples of the extract of a food containing a fatty acid include extracts that can be obtained from the food by a method of extracting a fatty acid from the food, such as various solvent extractions and supercritical fluid extraction.
As a solvent used for solvent extraction, any solvent such as an aqueous medium or an organic solvent may be used as long as it can extract a fatty acid. Moreover, a solvent may be used independently and may be used as a mixed solvent combining two or more.
[0016]
Examples of the aqueous medium include water, an aqueous inorganic salt solution, and a buffer solution.
Examples of water include tap water, distilled water, deionized water, and pure water.
Examples of the buffer solution include a phosphate buffer solution and a citrate buffer solution.
Examples of the inorganic salt of the aqueous inorganic salt solution include sodium chloride, potassium chloride, calcium chloride and the like.
[0017]
Examples of the organic solvent include monovalent aliphatic alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, 1-butanol, 1-propanol, 2-butanol and 2-propanol, divalent aliphatic alcohols such as ethylene glycol and propylene glycol, and 2 such as glycerin. Monohydric alcohols, alkyl acetates such as methyl acetate and ethyl acetate, aliphatic ketones such as acetone and ethyl methyl ketone, aliphatic ethers such as dimethyl ether and diethyl ether, aliphatic hydrocarbons such as hexane, heptane and petroleum ether, cyclohexane, etc. Alicyclic hydrocarbons, aromatic hydrocarbons such as toluene and benzene, halogenated aliphatic hydrocarbons such as chloroform, dichloromethane, 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane, 1,1,2-trichloroethene, sesame oil , Corn oil, olive oil, cottonseed Edible oils and fats etc., methane, ethane, propane, propylene, butane, liquefied aliphatic hydrocarbons butylene, dimethyl sulfoxide and the like.
[0018]
As the solvent, liquefied carbon dioxide or supercritical fluid carbon dioxide can be used.
For the solvent extraction, equipment used in usual solvent extraction, such as a stirrer, an ultrasonic generator, a reflux extractor, a Soxhlet extractor, or the like is used.
After completion of the solvent extraction, an extract is obtained by using a solid-liquid separation method such as sedimentation separation, cake filtration, clarification filtration, centrifugal filtration, centrifugal sedimentation, pressing, separation, filter press, and preferably by filtration. It is good also as an extract. Further, the extraction residue obtained by the solid-liquid separation method may be further extracted with an extraction solvent, and this may be used as an extract.
[0019]
A food extract containing a fatty acid may be an extract obtained from the food by an extraction method such as solvent extraction or supercritical fluid extraction, and further processed using a concentration or drying method, purification method, or the like. Good.
Concentration or drying methods include heat concentration, freeze concentration, reverse osmosis concentration, vacuum concentration, freeze drying, natural drying, hot air drying, ventilation drying, air drying, vacuum drying, sun drying, vacuum drying, spray drying, fluidized bed Examples thereof include drying methods such as drying, foam layer drying, film drying methods such as drum dryers, ultrasonic drying methods, and electromagnetic wave drying methods, and vacuum concentration methods, spray drying methods, and freeze drying methods are preferably used.
[0020]
The fatty acid light irradiated product of the present invention is an extract containing fatty acids such as the above-mentioned edible oils or lipase degradation products of the oils or fatty acids of foods containing fatty acids (the above is also referred to as a fatty acid-containing product). It is obtained by irradiating with light.
In the light irradiation treatment, a light irradiation product is obtained by performing light irradiation after the fatty acid is dissolved, dispersed, or emulsified in a solvent as it is or appropriately.
[0021]
Although there is no restriction | limiting in particular as a light source to be used, The light source which mainly emits light with a wavelength of 200-800 nm is preferable, More preferably, the light source which emits light with a wavelength between 350-700 nm is preferable. Specific examples thereof include sunlight, fluorescent lamps, incandescent lamps, black lights, germicidal lamps, and insect lamps. These light sources can be used alone or in combination of two or more. Of these, fluorescent lamps and black lights are preferably used from the viewpoint of safety in the food industry.
[0022]
Further, it is preferable that a photosensitizer is present at the time of light irradiation. Examples of the photosensitizer include chlorophyll and its decomposition product (pyro) pheophytin, riboflavin, and metal salts. Of these, chlorophyll and (pyro) pheophytin, which are contained in a large amount in kelp, are more preferably used.
The vegetable oil, plant extract, and algal extract originally contain a photosensitizer such as chlorophyll, but the above-described photosensitizer may be added as appropriate in order to increase the reaction efficiency. The suitable concentration of the photosensitizer varies depending on the substance. For example, in the case of chlorophyll, it is preferably 0.1 ppb or more, more preferably 1 to 1000000 ppb, and particularly preferably 100 to 500000 ppb.
[0023]
The temperature during light irradiation is preferably 5 to 90 ° C, more preferably 10 to 50 ° C, and particularly preferably 15 to 40 ° C.
The irradiation time of light irradiation varies depending on temperature, light amount, presence or absence of a photosensitizer, solvent of the solution, and the like. For example, at a position of 10 cm under a 20 W, 20 W fluorescent lamp, When performing a light irradiation process, 12 hours-7 days are preferable.
[0024]
The fatty acid heated product of the present invention is obtained by heating the above fatty acid.
The heated fatty acid product of the present invention can be obtained by heating a fatty acid-containing material as it is or after appropriately dissolving, dispersing, and emulsifying it in a solvent. The heating operation may be performed under normal pressure or under pressurized conditions, and the temperature is preferably 40 ° C. or higher, more preferably 50 to 200 ° C., and particularly preferably 60 to 130 ° C. Although heating time changes with temperature conditions, when heating a kelp extract at 85 degreeC, for example, 10 second-30 minutes are preferable, and 30 second-2 minutes are especially preferable from a preference surface. Although it may operate under stationary conditions, it is preferable to heat with stirring in order to heat uniformly.
[0025]
The heating operation may use a heat sterilization process. Examples of the heat sterilization step include heat steam sterilization, retort sterilization, high temperature short time (HTST) sterilization, ultra high temperature short time (UHT) sterilization, microwave heat sterilization, far infrared heat sterilization, and electric heat sterilization.
The heating operation may use a heating concentration process or a heating drying process. Examples of the heat concentration step include evaporation concentration. Examples of the drying process include drying methods such as hot air drying, sun drying, spray drying, film drying methods such as a drum dryer, and electromagnetic wave drying methods, and hot air drying, spray drying methods, and methods using a drum dryer are preferably used. .
[0026]
In the present invention, the kombu flavor refers to the taste and aroma of kelp that is felt when eating kelp soup stock.
The kelp flavor enhancer of the present invention does not have a kelp flavor, but enhances the kelp flavor by coexisting with a substance exhibiting a kelp flavor, and reduces the amount of kelp extract or kelp soup used. It means a food and drink additive having an effect that can be produced.
[0027]
The fatty acid, fatty acid light irradiated product or fatty acid heated product obtained above may be used as it is as a kelp flavor enhancer of the present invention, but if necessary, seasoning, spice, inorganic salt, acid, amino acid, nucleic acid Various additives that can be used for food and drink such as sugars may be added to obtain the kelp flavor enhancer of the present invention. Furthermore, an excipient | filler etc. may be added and it is good also as a kelp flavor enhancer of this invention.
[0028]
Examples of the seasoning include fermented seasonings such as miso and soy sauce, and natural seasonings such as extracts.
Examples of spices include various spices.
Examples of inorganic salts include sodium chloride, potassium chloride, ammonium chloride and the like.
Examples of the acid include carboxylic acids such as ascorbic acid, fumaric acid, malic acid, tartaric acid, citric acid, and fatty acids, and salts thereof. Examples of the salt include sodium and potassium salts.
[0029]
Examples of amino acids include sodium glutamate and glycine.
Examples of nucleic acids include sodium inosinate and sodium guanylate.
Examples of the saccharide include sucrose, glucose, and lactose.
Examples of excipients include soluble starch, dextrin, and lactose.
[0030]
The food / beverage products to be targeted by the method for enhancing the kelp flavor of the present invention are not particularly limited as long as the food / beverage products have a kelp flavor during eating and drinking. Examples of foods and drinks include kelp, kelp extract, kelp flavor extract, soup, sauce, dressing, mayonnaise, tomato ketchup, etc., soup, consommé soup, egg soup, wakame soup, shark fin soup, potage, miso soup Soups, noodles (soba, udon, ramen, pasta, etc.) soup, sauces, rice porridge, cooked rice, rice cooked foods such as tea pickles, livestock products such as ham, sausage, cheese, kamaboko, dried fish, salted spices, delicacies, etc. Processed fishery products, processed vegetable products such as pickles, confectionary snacks such as potato chips, rice crackers and cookies, cooked foods such as boiled foods, fried foods, grilled foods, and curries.
[0031]
Any method may be used as a method of adding the kelp flavor enhancer of the present invention to a food or drink. For example, when the kelp flavor enhancer of the present invention is in a solid state, the kelp flavor enhancer may be added to the food or drink, and when the kelp flavor enhancer of the present invention is liquid, The food and drink may be added to the food or drink by immersing the food or drink in the kelp flavor enhancer.
[0032]
The time to add is, for example, any time during the manufacturing process of food or drink, when cooking food or drink by heating cooking, microwave cooking, vacuum cooking, etc., or after the food or drink is manufactured and cooked, It may be the time.
As long as the seasoning of the present invention contains kelp and / or an extract of kelp, any seasoning can be used as long as it is one or more selected from fatty acids, fatty acid irradiated products and heated fatty acids. Although it may be used as a seasoning, it is preferably used as a kelp flavor seasoning.
[0033]
The above-mentioned thing is mention | raise | lifted as a fatty acid, a fatty-acid light irradiation thing, or a fatty-acid heating thing.
As the kelp, any kelp can be used, and examples thereof include kelp such as Rishiri kelp, Shin kelp or Mitsuishi kelp.
As kelp, kelp may be used as it is, or may be used as a processed product obtained by physicochemical treatment or biological treatment.
[0034]
Examples of the physicochemical treatment include drying treatment by sun drying, ventilation drying, freeze drying, etc., pulverization treatment by a blender, homogenizer, ball mill, etc., and physicochemical treatment products include dry treatment products, pulverization treatment products. Etc.
Examples of biological treatment include fermentation treatment with bacteria, yeast, etc., and examples of biological treatment products include fermentation treatment products.
[0035]
The extract of kelp includes an extract that can be obtained by a method of extracting a substance exhibiting kelp flavor from kelp such as solvent extraction.
As a solvent used for solvent extraction, any solvent such as an aqueous medium or an organic solvent may be used as long as it can extract a substance exhibiting a kelp flavor from kelp. Moreover, a solvent may be used independently and may be used as a mixed solvent combining two or more.
[0036]
Examples of the aqueous medium or the organic solvent include those described above.
As the mixed solvent, for example, water-containing monohydric alcohol is preferable, and water-containing ethanol is more preferable. The water content is preferably 90% (v / v) or less, and more preferably 60% (v / v) or less.
For the solvent extraction, equipment used in usual solvent extraction, such as a stirrer, an ultrasonic generator, a reflux extractor, a Soxhlet extractor, or the like is used.
[0037]
The amount of the solvent used for the solvent extraction is not particularly limited. For example, the solvent is 0.1 to 10,000 parts by weight, preferably 1 to 2000 parts by weight, more preferably 5 to 100 parts by weight with respect to 1 part by weight of kelp. To do. The extraction temperature is not particularly limited as long as the temperature is not lower than the melting point and not higher than the boiling point of the solvent, but is preferably 0 to 100 ° C in an aqueous medium, more preferably 20 to 80 ° C, and preferably 0 to 1000 ° C in an organic solvent. 20-80 degreeC is more preferable. The extraction time is not particularly limited, but is preferably 1 minute to 1 year, more preferably 30 minutes to 3 months.
[0038]
After the solvent extraction is completed, the obtained extract is subjected to sedimentation separation, cake filtration, clarification filtration, centrifugal filtration, centrifugal sedimentation, compression, separation, filter press and the like, preferably by filtration, An extract may be obtained and used as an extract. Further, the extraction residue obtained by the solid-liquid separation method may be further extracted with an extraction solvent, and this may be used as an extract.
[0039]
The extract of kelp according to the present invention may be obtained by further processing an extract obtained from kelp by an extraction method such as solvent extraction using a solid-liquid separation method, a concentration or drying method, a purification method, or the like.
As the solid-liquid separation method, concentration or drying method, the same methods as described above are used.
After the extract is dissolved in a solvent as necessary, the concentration of the substance exhibiting kelp flavor in the extract using a purification method such as a membrane separation method, a liquid membrane separation method, a solvent distribution method, or a fractionation method It may be possible to remove unnecessary materials.
[0040]
The seasoning of the present invention preferably contains 0.01 to 100,000 ppm, more preferably 0.1 to 50,000 ppm of fatty acid, fatty acid light irradiated product or fatty acid heated product.
The seasoning of this invention can be added to food-drinks similarly to a normal seasoning. For example, when the seasoning of the present invention is granular, the seasoning may be sprinkled on the food or drink. When the seasoning of the present invention is liquid, it may be added to the food or drink and mixed. Alternatively, the food and drink may be added to the food and drink through immersion in the seasoning.
[0041]
The time to add is, for example, any time during the manufacturing process of food or drink, when cooking food or drink by heating cooking, microwave cooking, vacuum cooking, etc., or after the food or drink is manufactured and cooked, It may be the time.
The amount of the kelp flavor enhancer or seasoning of the present invention to be used for food and drink is appropriately determined depending on the form of the food and drink to be added, the strength of the kelp flavor possessed by the food and drink, the degree of kelp flavor to be enhanced, etc. Although it is good, it is preferable to determine by performing a taste test in advance. The amount of the kelp flavor enhancer or seasoning used is preferably 0.001 to 2000 ppm, more preferably 0.01 to 100 ppm, particularly preferably as a fatty acid, a fatty acid light irradiated product or a fatty acid heated product with respect to the target food or drink. Is 0.03 to 10 ppm.
[0042]
As above-mentioned, the kelp flavor of this food / beverage products can be strengthened by adding a fatty acid, a fatty acid light irradiation thing, or a fatty-acid heating thing to the food / beverage products which have a kelp flavor.
In the present invention, the kelp flavor can be enhanced by irradiating the kelp or the kombu extract under the same conditions as the above-mentioned light irradiation.
Furthermore, in the present invention, the kelp flavor can be enhanced by heating the kelp or the kombu extract under the same conditions as the above heating step.
Examples of the present invention are shown below.
[0043]
【Example】
The analysis methods used in the following examples will be described.
1. Determination of fatty acids by gas chromatography.
An equal volume of special grade ethyl acetate was added to each sample, shake extraction was performed for 5 minutes, and the solvent layer was recovered. For the aqueous layer, the same amount of ethyl acetate was further extracted twice, and the collected solvent layers were combined, and the solvent was distilled off with a centrifugal evaporator and the volume was appropriately adjusted with special grade ethanol by gas chromatography. And free fatty acids were quantified.
[0044]
Analysis conditions
Column: NUKOL (manufactured by SPELCO), 30 m × inner diameter 0.53 mm, 0.5 μm film thickness
Column holding temperature: held at 110 ° C. for 5 minutes, then heated up to 220 ° C. at a rate of 8 ° C. per minute, held at 220 ° C. for 60 minutes
Detector: Hydrogen flame ionization detector
[0045]
2. Determination of fatty acids by high-performance liquid chromatography.
An equal volume of special grade ethyl acetate was added to each sample, extraction was performed with shaking for 5 minutes, and the solvent layer was recovered. The aqueous layer was further extracted twice with the same amount of ethyl acetate, and the collected solvent layers were combined, and then the solvent was distilled off with a centrifugal evaporator and the volume was appropriately adjusted with special grade ethanol. The free fatty acid was quantified for the graph.
[0046]
Analysis conditions
Column: Inertsil ODS-2 (manufactured by GL Sciences), 4.6 × 250 mm
Mobile phase: Acetonitrile 50% to 100% gradient
Detection: UV210nm
[0047]
3. Evaluation method for enhancement of kelp flavor 1
Six panel members composed of food and beverage seasoning experts evaluated the kelp flavor enhancing action of the kelp flavor enhancing substance by the following scoring method. In other words, the noodle soup flavor listed in Table 1 is 4 points, 1 point when you feel the flavor is quite weak compared to the kelp flavor of the noodle soup, 2 points when you feel weak, slightly weak Was 3 points. Conversely, 5 points were given when the flavor was slightly stronger than the kelp flavor of the noodle soup, 6 points were given when it was strong, and 7 points were given when it was fairly strong. Values were expressed as mean ± standard deviation.
[0048]
[Table 1]
Figure 2005006511
[0049]
4). Evaluation method for enhancing kelp flavor 2
Seven panel members composed of food and beverage seasoning experts evaluated the kelp flavor enhancing action of the kelp flavor enhancing substance by the following scoring method. 7 points for strong kelp, 6 points for strong, 5 points for slightly strong, 4 points for standard, 3 points for weak, 2 points for weak, very weak Evaluation was made with a thing as one point.
[0050]
If necessary, the evaluation of the kelp flavor enhancing action and the preference for the kelp flavor were evaluated by the following scoring method. That is, 7 points that have a very kelp flavor, 6 points that are preferable, 5 points that are slightly preferable, 4 points that are standard, 3 points that are slightly unfavorable, 2 points that are not preferable The evaluation was made with an unfavorable one as one point. Values were expressed as mean ± standard deviation.
[0051]
Example 1
66 so that linoleic acid (first grade reagent manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) 333 ppm, linolenic acid (chemical reagent manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) 333 ppm, chlorophyll oil (chlorophyll content 14-25%, manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) 333 ppm 3 mL of a solution dissolved in 7% (v / v) ethanol water was placed in a test tube with a screw and sealed, and left at a position of 10 cm under a 20 W fluorescent lamp for 6 days (fatty acid irradiated product). In order to confirm the effect of fatty acids not irradiated with light, the same solution was placed in a screwed brown test tube, sealed, and left at -20 ° C. A 1/110 amount (v / w) of each of the light-irradiated sample and the control sample was added to the noodle soup having the composition shown in Table 1, and the kelp flavor enhancing action evaluation method 1 was evaluated.
[0052]
As a result of obtaining the average value of scoring of each panelist, the score of the fatty acid added group was 4.92 ± 0.38 point, and the score of the fatty acid light irradiated product added group was 5.50 ± 1.76. From these results, it was revealed that the action of enhancing the kelp flavor by linoleic acid and linolenic acid and the enhancement of the action by light irradiation.
[0053]
Example 2
1 g of commercially available rapeseed oil (Ajinomoto Co. canola oil) and 99 ml of distilled water were mixed in a brown bottle, sealed, and stirred with a magnetic stirrer. Furthermore, 0.5 g of enzyme lipase AY “Amano” 30G (manufactured by Amano Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.) was added, and stirring was continued while heating in a 42 ° C. hot water bath, followed by enzymatic degradation for 24 hours. After completion of the enzymatic decomposition, the brown bottle was heated in a boiling water bath for 5 minutes to deactivate the enzyme. The free fatty acid content in the rapeseed oil decomposition product thus obtained was measured by a fatty acid quantification method by gas chromatography. The results are shown in Table 2.
[0054]
[Table 2]
Figure 2005006511
[0055]
The above rapeseed oil decomposition product was mixed well, 20 ml was transferred to a 50 ml Erlenmeyer flask, and 5 ml of raw material alcohol was added. The flask was placed under a 20 W fluorescent lamp so that the distance to the liquid surface was 5 cm, and light irradiation was performed while slowly stirring with a magnetic stirrer. Samples that were irradiated for 3 hours with 1/500 amount (v / w) added to the noodle soup listed in Table 1 were used as the test section, and the noodle soup listed in Table 1 where nothing was added were used as the control section. The kelp flavor enhancing action evaluation method 2 evaluated the kelp flavor enhancing action and the preference of the kelp flavor. The results are shown in Table 3.
[0056]
[Table 3]
Figure 2005006511
[0057]
As apparent from Table 3, the strength and preference of the kelp flavor were enhanced in the test group compared to the control group.
[0058]
Example 3
100 g of dried kelp was cut into 1 cm squares, placed in a 2 L container, and 1 L of distilled water was poured. While stirring with a three-one motor (manufactured by Shinto Kagaku Co., Ltd.), it was heated in a 40 ° C. water bath and extracted for 3 hours. Suction filtration was performed using miraculose (CALBIOCHEM), and 627 ml of the obtained filtrate was designated as filtrate A. 1 L of 67% alcohol water (v / v) was added to the extraction residue, and extraction was performed at 40 ° C. for 1 hour while stirring with a three-one motor. Filtration was performed using a nonwoven fabric, and 1185 ml of the obtained filtrate was designated as filtrate B. 470.25 ml of filtrate A and 888.75 ml of filtrate B were mixed, concentrated to 159 g with a rotary evaporator, and made up to 180 ml with distilled water to obtain a true kelp extract.
[0059]
Table 4 shows the results obtained by measuring the fatty acid content in the obtained kombu extract using a fatty acid quantification method by gas chromatography.
[0060]
[Table 4]
Figure 2005006511
[0061]
A mixture of 4 ml of true kelp extract, 4 ml of the rapeseed oil degradation product described in Example 2 and 32 ml of distilled water is placed in a 100 ml Erlenmeyer flask and placed under a 20 W fluorescent lamp at a position 9 cm to the liquid level, with a magnetic stirrer. Light irradiation was performed while stirring. Samples sampled 10 ml each before irradiation and 30 minutes after irradiation were used as unirradiated extract and 30-minute irradiated extract, respectively, heated in a boiling water bath and cooled with running water immediately after reaching 85 ° C. As a control, a mixture of 1 ml of true kelp extract and 9 ml of distilled water was similarly heated in a boiling water bath and cooled with running water immediately after reaching 85 ° C. to obtain a control extract.
[0062]
After adding the above-mentioned control extract, unirradiated extract, and 30-minute irradiated extract to the noodle soup shown in Table 5 at 0.5% (w / w), the mixture was heated in a boiling water bath and immediately after reaching 85 ° C. Cooling with running water was performed. With respect to the three kinds of noodle soup (control, unirradiated, and 30-minute irradiated), the kelp flavor enhancing action evaluation method 2 was evaluated.
[0063]
[Table 5]
Figure 2005006511
[0064]
As a result of calculating the average value of the scores of each panelist, the score of the control group is 3.0 ± 1.2, the score of the non-irradiated group is 4.0 ± 1.6, and the score of the 30-minute irradiated group is 4.7 ±. 1.5.
From the above results, the effect of enhancing the kelp flavor of fatty acids produced by enzymatic degradation of rapeseed oil, and the effect of enhancing the kelp flavor of irradiated fatty acids by the enzymatic degradation of fatty acids and rapeseed oil in true kombu extract were revealed.
[0065]
Example 4
In the same manner as in Example 1, 3 mL of a solution dissolved in 66.7% (v / v) ethanol water was put in a threaded test tube and sealed so that 500 ppm of linoleic acid, 500 ppm of linolenic acid, and 500 ppm of chlorophyll oil was obtained. The sample was left in an incubator at 60 ° C. for 7 days (heated sample). As a control, the same solution was placed in a threaded brown test tube, sealed, and allowed to stand at −20 ° C. (control sample). The heated sample and the control sample were added to the noodle soup having the composition shown in Table 1 so as to be 3/5000 amounts (v / w), respectively, and the kelp flavor enhancing action evaluation method 2 was evaluated.
[0066]
As a result of obtaining the average value of the scores of each panelist, the score of the control sample addition group was 3.93 ± 1.79, and the score of the heated sample addition group was 4.33 ± 0.82. From this result, the effect of enhancing the kelp flavor by the heated linoleic acid and linolenic acid was clarified.
[0067]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a kelp flavor enhancing method, a kelp flavor enhancing agent, a seasoning, or a food or drink obtained by adding the kelp flavor enhancing agent or seasoning.

Claims (7)

脂肪酸、脂肪酸光照射物および脂肪酸加熱物の中から選ばれる1種以上を、昆布風味を有する飲食品に添加することを特徴とする該飲食品の昆布風味増強方法。One or more types selected from fatty acids, fatty acid light irradiated products, and fatty acid heated products are added to foods and beverages having a kelp flavor. 昆布または昆布の抽出物に光照射することを特徴とする昆布風味増強方法。A method for enhancing kelp flavor, which comprises irradiating kelp or an extract of kelp with light. 昆布または昆布の抽出物を加熱することを特徴とする昆布風味増強方法。A method for enhancing kelp flavor, comprising heating kelp or an extract of kelp. 脂肪酸、脂肪酸光照射物および脂肪酸加熱物の中から選ばれる1種以上を有効成分として含有する昆布風味増強剤。A kelp flavor enhancer containing at least one selected from fatty acids, fatty acid light irradiated products and fatty acid heated products as an active ingredient. 脂肪酸、脂肪酸光照射物および脂肪酸加熱物の中から選ばれる1種以上を添加してなる調味料。A seasoning comprising one or more selected from fatty acids, fatty acid light irradiated products and fatty acid heated products. 請求項4に記載の昆布風味増強剤を添加してなる飲食品。A food or drink comprising the kelp flavor enhancer according to claim 4 added thereto. 請求項5に記載の調味料を添加してなる飲食品。A food or drink comprising the seasoning according to claim 5 added thereto.
JP2003171504A 2003-06-17 2003-06-17 Kelp flavor enhancement method Expired - Fee Related JP4188759B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2003171504A JP4188759B2 (en) 2003-06-17 2003-06-17 Kelp flavor enhancement method

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2003171504A JP4188759B2 (en) 2003-06-17 2003-06-17 Kelp flavor enhancement method

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JP2005006511A true JP2005006511A (en) 2005-01-13
JP4188759B2 JP4188759B2 (en) 2008-11-26

Family

ID=34095922

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP2003171504A Expired - Fee Related JP4188759B2 (en) 2003-06-17 2003-06-17 Kelp flavor enhancement method

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JP4188759B2 (en)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR101226130B1 (en) * 2009-04-30 2013-01-25 순천대학교 산학협력단 Method for Preparing Deodored and Decolored Fucoidan
JP2013017432A (en) * 2011-07-12 2013-01-31 Mitsukan Group Honsha:Kk Method for producing sea tangle extract-containing composition, sea tangle extract-containing composition produced by the method, and food mixed with the sea tangle extract-containing composition
WO2015182144A1 (en) * 2014-05-30 2015-12-03 株式会社明治 Japanese-style-flavor enhancer and retort odor masking agent
JP2016168003A (en) * 2015-03-12 2016-09-23 株式会社カネカ Novel confectionary dough, and water-in-oil type emulsified grease composition for kneading
JP2016168000A (en) * 2015-03-12 2016-09-23 株式会社カネカ Novel bread dough, and water-in-oil type emulsified grease composition for kneading
US20210177028A1 (en) * 2018-08-20 2021-06-17 Fermbiotics Holding ApS Improved human food product

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR101226130B1 (en) * 2009-04-30 2013-01-25 순천대학교 산학협력단 Method for Preparing Deodored and Decolored Fucoidan
JP2013017432A (en) * 2011-07-12 2013-01-31 Mitsukan Group Honsha:Kk Method for producing sea tangle extract-containing composition, sea tangle extract-containing composition produced by the method, and food mixed with the sea tangle extract-containing composition
WO2015182144A1 (en) * 2014-05-30 2015-12-03 株式会社明治 Japanese-style-flavor enhancer and retort odor masking agent
JPWO2015182144A1 (en) * 2014-05-30 2017-04-20 株式会社明治 Japanese flavor enhancer and retort odor masking agent
JP2016168003A (en) * 2015-03-12 2016-09-23 株式会社カネカ Novel confectionary dough, and water-in-oil type emulsified grease composition for kneading
JP2016168000A (en) * 2015-03-12 2016-09-23 株式会社カネカ Novel bread dough, and water-in-oil type emulsified grease composition for kneading
US20210177028A1 (en) * 2018-08-20 2021-06-17 Fermbiotics Holding ApS Improved human food product

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP4188759B2 (en) 2008-11-26

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
JP5293904B1 (en) Salt enhancer
JP2004135522A (en) Dried-fish flavor composition and food product containing the same
JP2013153742A (en) Saltiness enhancing agent
JP5733737B2 (en) Salty taste enhancer composition
JP6186191B2 (en) Liquid seasoning, method for producing the same, and method for improving flavor of liquid seasoning
JP5869229B2 (en) Salt enhancer and kelp extract containing the same
JP4188759B2 (en) Kelp flavor enhancement method
RU2328874C2 (en) Agent and agent-containing food substance for improving principal flavour (options)
JP4596475B2 (en) Taste improving agent
JP7139160B2 (en) Food composition and its manufacturing method
JP2011115086A (en) Seasoning of soup flavor
JP2010142148A (en) Onion extract, method for producing the same, and food product using the onion extract
JP6230146B2 (en) Production method of livestock meat extract
JPWO2015156380A1 (en) Fragrance composition
JP4106080B2 (en) Extract extraction method and extract
JP2004033027A (en) Method for masking off-flavor of food and drink, and masking agent for the off-flavor
JP2017225417A (en) Method for inhibiting heat deterioration odor
JP2018057313A (en) Garlic oil and method for producing the same
JP2017184684A (en) Method for producing seasoning
JP3506063B2 (en) Oil composition for boiled food
JP3652451B2 (en) Deodorant
JP2020124119A (en) Seasoning for imparting flavor
JPH01291766A (en) Extraction of split-fish flavor
JP2020018283A (en) Manufacturing method of marine product-based concentrated soup stock
JP2013158246A (en) Composition for reinforcing flavor of food and drink containing stock of dried fish

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
A711 Notification of change in applicant

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A712

Effective date: 20050808

RD02 Notification of acceptance of power of attorney

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A7422

Effective date: 20051108

A621 Written request for application examination

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A621

Effective date: 20060529

A977 Report on retrieval

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A971007

Effective date: 20080321

A131 Notification of reasons for refusal

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131

Effective date: 20080325

A521 Request for written amendment filed

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523

Effective date: 20080522

A131 Notification of reasons for refusal

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131

Effective date: 20080701

A521 Request for written amendment filed

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523

Effective date: 20080813

TRDD Decision of grant or rejection written
A01 Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model)

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01

Effective date: 20080902

A01 Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model)

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01

A61 First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure)

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61

Effective date: 20080911

R150 Certificate of patent or registration of utility model

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150

Ref document number: 4188759

Country of ref document: JP

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150

FPAY Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database)

Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20110919

Year of fee payment: 3

FPAY Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database)

Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20110919

Year of fee payment: 3

FPAY Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database)

Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20120919

Year of fee payment: 4

R250 Receipt of annual fees

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250

FPAY Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database)

Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20130919

Year of fee payment: 5

R250 Receipt of annual fees

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250

R250 Receipt of annual fees

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250

R250 Receipt of annual fees

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250

R250 Receipt of annual fees

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250

R250 Receipt of annual fees

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250

R250 Receipt of annual fees

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250

R250 Receipt of annual fees

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250

R250 Receipt of annual fees

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250

R250 Receipt of annual fees

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250

LAPS Cancellation because of no payment of annual fees