JP2004315128A - Governor for elevator - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a highly reliable governor capable of corresponding to global requirement and tripping speed in a wide scope and reducing noises. <P>SOLUTION: An electric safety device is provided in the vicinity of a governor sheave 1. A pendulum 3 supported on the governor sheave moves by centrifugal force generated by rotation of the governor sheave and protrudes from an outer peripheral part of the governor sheave to drive a roller arm 26 of the electric safety device. An operation mechanism 4 energizes the pendulum in the direction reverse to the direction of moving by centrifugal force when rotation speed of the governor sheave is less than tripping speed and energizes the pendulum in the direction of moving when rotation speed of the pendulum reaches tripping speed. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an elevator governor used to detect and stop abnormally increased elevator car speed.
[0002]
[Prior art]
FIG. 9 is a schematic configuration diagram of a general elevator. A main rope 103 is wound around the outer periphery of a sheave 102 of a hoist 101 installed in a machine room, a car 104 is hung at one end, and a counterweight 105 is hung at the other end. As the sheave 102 rotates, the car 104 and the counterweight 105 move up and down in the hoistway due to the frictional force generated between the sheave 102 and the main rope 103.
[0003]
Reference numeral 106 denotes a governor. When the main rope 103 breaks or falls out of control, and the car 104 goes up and down at a speed higher than a predetermined speed (hereinafter, referred to as a rated speed), the control is performed. It is for detecting.
[0004]
The governor 106 is a governor sheave 107 rotatably supported by a base (not shown) installed on the floor of the machine room, and an endless governor rope that is wound around the outer periphery of the governor sheave 107 and extends vertically downward. And a governor tensioner 109 suspended from the lower end of the governor rope 108.
[0005]
One end of the governor rope 108 is attached to an arm 110 a of an emergency stop device 110 installed below the car 104. The governor tensioner 109 is for applying necessary tension to the governor rope 108 to obtain necessary traction. Consists of
[0006]
When the car 104 moves up and down at a speed higher than the rated speed, the governor 106 detects this and operates an electric safety device (described later) to cut off the power of the hoisting machine 101 and to operate the hoisting machine. An attempt is made to decelerate the car 104 by operating a brake (not shown) of 101.
[0007]
If the speed of the car 104 still increases, the governor rope gripper 111 (see FIG. 10) is activated to grip and stop the governor rope 108 and activate the emergency stop device 110 attached to the car 104. The emergency stop device 110 grasps a main rail (not shown) guiding the car 104 and forcibly decelerates the car 104.
[0008]
FIG. 10 is a front view of a main part of a general governor, and FIG. 11 is a plan view of FIG. A pendulum 112 is supported by the governor sheave 107, moves toward the outer periphery of the governor sheave 107 by centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the governor sheave 107, and the cam 113 at the distal end projects from the outer periphery of the governor sheave 107 and the It contacts the arm 114a. As a result, the contact point is separated by the urging force of a spring (not shown) inside the electric safety device 114, and the power of the hoist 101 is cut off. This type of governor has a simple structure, high reliability, and a low manufacturing cost compared to other governors.
[0009]
In recent years, with a view to overseas exports, governors having a global organization have become necessary. Due to the globalization, it has become necessary for the electric safety device to have a forced opening mechanism for the contacts in order to obtain the certainty of the operation.
[0010]
FIG. 12 is a schematic configuration diagram of this type of mechanism. A pair of left and right contacts 116A is fixed to the frame 115, and a contact support plate 117 supporting a pair of left and right contacts 116B facing the contact 116A is disposed below the pair of contacts 116A. Mounted as possible. The contact support plate 117 is urged upward by a spring 118, whereby each contact 116B is pressed against the contact 116A. Above the contact support plate 117, a contact opening / closing shaft 119 is supported vertically and vertically movably on the frame 115.
[0011]
As shown in FIG. 13A, when the contact opening / closing shaft 119 is pressed in the direction of the arrow, the contact support plate 117 is pressed downward against the urging force of the spring 118, and first, as shown in FIG. Thus, the non-welded contact 116B separates from the contact 116A, and then, as shown in FIG. 13 (c), the welded contact 116B separates from the contact 116A. In this manner, by applying a force for directly separating the contacts 116A and 116B, the welded contacts 116A and 116B can be forcibly separated from each other, thereby preventing malfunction of the governor. It should be noted that the return spring of the contact opening / closing shaft 119 is not shown in FIG.
[0012]
14 and 15 show an example of a governor using the electric safety device having the forced release mechanism. FIG. 14 is a front view of a main part, and FIG. 15 is a side view of FIG.
[0013]
In this governor, a substantially disk-shaped plate 120 and a rectangular plate-shaped cam 121 are concentrically fixed to one surface of a governor sheave 107. Four hook grooves 122 are provided on the periphery of the plate 120 so as to face the corners of the cam 121. A rocker arm 123 is rotatably supported on a base (not shown) provided on the floor of the machine room around a fulcrum 124, and has a roller 125 at one end and a hook-like portion 126 at the other end. .
[0014]
When the governor sheave 107 rotates, as shown in FIGS. 16A and 16B, the roller 125 rolls along the outer peripheral surface of the cam 121, and the rocker arm 123 rotates around the fulcrum 124. When the rotation speed of the governor sheave 107 reaches the speed at which the electric safety device 114 operates, the roller 125 can no longer follow the cam 121, and the rocker arm 123 is flipped up by the cam 121 as shown in FIG. become.
[0015]
Then, as shown in FIG. 14D, the contact opening / closing shaft 119 of the electric safety device 114 installed near the fulcrum 124 is pressed by the rocker arm 123, the contacts are separated, and the hoist is stopped. Normally, when the power supply to the hoist is cut off, the self-holding brake (not shown) operates to start deceleration. However, if an abnormality such as an increase in the speed of the car still occurs, (For example, when the car cannot be decelerated by operating the brake of the hoist due to breakage of the main rope, etc.), the emergency stop device 110 with the governor rope 108 (see FIG. 9) attached below the car is operated.
[0016]
In the example shown here, when the rotation speed of the governor sheave 107 reaches the speed at which the emergency stop device 110 is operated, the rocker arm 123 further rotates, and as shown in FIG. The governor sheave 107 is fitted into the groove 122 and stops rotating. When the governor sheave 107 stops, the governor rope 108 (see FIG. 9) wound on the outer periphery of the governor sheave 107 also stops. As a result, the arm 110a of the safety gear 110 attached to the governor rope 108 is pulled up, the safety gear 110 operates, and the car 104 stops.
[0017]
In this governor, since the movement amount of the rocker arm 123 is large, the operation stroke of the contact opening / closing shaft 119 of the electric safety device 114 can be sufficiently secured. Further, under the state where the safety gear 110 is operated, the contact point of the electric safety device 113 is kept separated, so that the above-mentioned global requirement is satisfied.
[0018]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the case of the governor having the above structure, as the tripping speed (the speed at which the electric safety device 113 should be operated) increases, it is necessary to change the shape of the cam 121 in order to obtain stable operation. It is necessary to prepare a plurality of types of governors according to the rated speed of the car.
[0019]
In addition, since the roller 125 is a mechanism that rolls on the outer peripheral surface of the cam 121, noise may increase due to the rolling noise of the roller 125 as the governor tripping speed increases.
[0020]
Further, since the roller 125 rolls on the cam 121, the speed during governor operation may not be stable due to deterioration of the rolling surface of the roller 125.
[0021]
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems, and has as its object the ability to respond to global demands and a wide range of tripping speeds, to achieve low noise and high reliability. To provide a governor.
[0022]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, an elevator governor according to the present invention is provided with a governor sheave rotatably supported on a shaft, and installed near the governor sheave. An electrical safety device that shuts off power supply to the machine, and is supported by the governor sheave, moves with respect to the governor sheave by centrifugal force generated by rotation of the governor sheave, and projects from the outer peripheral portion of the governor sheave to drive the driven part. When the rotational speed of the pendulum to be driven and the governor sheave is lower than the tripping speed at which the electric safety device is to be operated, the pendulum is urged in a direction opposite to the moving direction due to the centrifugal force, and the rotational speed of the pendulum is increased. A biasing member for biasing the pendulum in the moving direction when the tripping speed is reached; It is characterized by having a a operating mechanism adjustable biasing force by.
[0023]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a front view of a main part of a governor according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIGS. 2A to 2C are enlarged views of a main part of FIG. ) Is a left side view of (a), FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the electric safety device, FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the electric safety device, FIG. 5 is a configuration diagram of a power supply circuit of the hoist, and FIG. FIG. 7 is a graph showing a change in the force of the pendulum spring, the force of the pop action spring, and the resultant force of the pendulum spring and the pop action spring with respect to the distance, FIG. 7 is an operation explanatory view of the electric safety device, and FIG. 8 is a side view of the pendulum.
[0024]
As shown in FIG. 1, the governor of the present embodiment includes a governor sheave 1, an electric safety device 2 installed near an outer peripheral portion of the governor sheave 1, and a pair of pendulums 3 supported on one surface of the governor sheave 1. And an operation mechanism 4 provided between the governor sheave 1 and one of the pendulums 3.
[0025]
The governor sheave 1 is supported by a base (not shown) installed on the floor of the machine room so as to be rotatable around a center point and rotatable around a center point, and has an endless governor rope (not shown) on its outer periphery. The upper end is wound. One end of the governor rope is attached to an emergency stop device provided below a car (not shown).
[0026]
The pendulum 3 is rotatably supported by the governor sheave 1 via a support shaft 5 and has a cam 6 protruding at one end toward the outer peripheral portion of the governor sheave 1. The pendulums 3 are connected to each other via a connecting arm 7. The connecting arm 7 is supported on the governor sheave 1 via a support shaft 8 so as to be slidable in the left-right direction. One end is rotatably supported by the other end of one pendulum 3 via a support shaft 9. The end is rotatably supported by the other end of the other pendulum 3 via the support shaft 10.
[0027]
As shown in FIG. 2, the operation mechanism 4 includes a support portion 11 fixed to the governor sheave 1, and a slide shaft 12 is supported on the support portion 11 so as to be slidable in the axial direction. The slide shaft 12 is composed of a small diameter portion 13 and a large diameter portion 14, and the tip of the small diameter portion 13 is rotatable to the other end of one pendulum 3 via a support shaft 15 (see FIG. 1A). Is pivoted to.
[0028]
A screw is formed on the outer peripheral portion of the small diameter portion 13, and a nut 16 with a flange is screwed. A coil-shaped pendulum spring 17 is mounted coaxially with the slide shaft 12 between the nut 16 and the support portion 11, and urges the slide shaft 12 rightward in FIG. By rotating the nut 16, the pendulum spring 17 is compressed or expanded, and the force for urging the slide shaft 12 changes.
[0029]
The large diameter part 14 is connected to the support part 11 via a pair of pop action mechanisms 18. The pop action mechanism 18 includes a first spring receiver 19 rotatably supported by the support portion 11, a second spring receiver 20 rotatably supported by the large diameter portion 14, and a first spring receiver 20. Of the first spring receiver 19 and the second spring receiver 20 are connected to the first spring receiver 19 and the second spring receiver 20. And a coil-shaped pop action spring 22 mounted on the slide shaft 12, and urges the slide shaft 12 rightward in the state of FIG. Note that the resultant force of the urging forces of the two pop action springs 22 is larger than the urging force of the pendulum spring 17.
[0030]
As shown in FIG. 3, the electric safety device 2 includes a rectangular parallelepiped case 23. On both side walls of the case 23, a rotating shaft 25 of a crank-shaped cam 24 (see FIG. 4) is rotatable around the axis. It is pivotally supported. One end of the rotating shaft 25 protrudes from one side wall of the case 23, and one end of a roller arm 26 is fixed to a tip portion. A roller 27 is rotatably attached to the other end of the roller arm 26. An axially extending rib 25a is formed on a portion of the rotating shaft 25 protruding from the case 23, and a cutout 23a into which the rib 25a is fitted is formed on one side wall of the case 23.
[0031]
The other end of the rotating shaft 25 protrudes from the other side wall of the case 23, and a spring receiver 28 is screwed to a tip of the other end. A coil-shaped spring 29 is mounted coaxially with the rotating shaft 25 between the spring receiver 28 and the other side wall of the case 23, and urges the rotating shaft 25 rightward in FIG. .
[0032]
As shown in FIG. 4, a contact switching shaft 30 is disposed inside the case 23 so as to be orthogonal to the rotation shaft 25. The contact opening / closing shaft 30 includes a base 31 and a reduced diameter portion 32 having a smaller diameter. The distal end of the reduced diameter portion 32 slidably penetrates a support portion 33 formed inside the case 23, and the base end of the reduced diameter portion 32 has a contact support plate 34 loosely inserted into the case 23. Is slidably penetrated.
[0033]
A flange portion 35 is formed in the reduced diameter portion 32, and a coil-shaped spring 37 is coaxially stretched between the flange portion 35 and the support portion 33 to cooperate with the reduced diameter portion 32. 30 is urged toward the cam 24, and the distal end of the base 31 is pressed against the cam 24. Further, a coil-shaped spring 38 is stretched coaxially with the reduced diameter portion 32 between the flange portion 35 and the contact support plate 34 to urge the contact support plate 34 in the direction of the cam 24.
[0034]
Contact support portions 39 are formed on inner surfaces of both side walls of the case 23 so as to be located between the cam 24 and the contact support plate 34. Each of the contacts 40A is attached. On the other hand, at both ends of the contact support plate 34, contacts 40B are attached so as to face the contacts 40A. Each contact 40B is pressed against the contact 40A by the urging force of the spring 37.
[0035]
When the contacts 40A and 40B are separated, as shown in FIG. 5, the power supply to the coil of the contactor 42 that supplies power to the hoisting machine 41 is cut off, and the power supply to the hoisting machine 41 is cut off. Then, the hoist 41 is stopped.
[0036]
In the governor configured as described above, when the car moves up and down, the governor sheave 1 (see FIG. 1) rotates, so that a centrifugal force acts on each pendulum 3. When the governor sheave 1 is rotated at a speed lower than the tripping speed, one pendulum 3 and the other pendulum 3 connected thereto via the connecting arm 7 are biased in a direction opposite to the moving direction. It does not rotate.
[0037]
When the speed of raising and lowering the car is abnormally increased and the rotation speed of the governor sheave 1 exceeds the tripping speed, as shown in FIG. 1 (b), each pendulum 3 rotates around the support shaft 5 and the cam 6 rotates the governor sheave. 1 approaches the outer periphery. As a result, the slide shaft 12 moves leftward against the operation mechanism 4, and when each pop action mechanism 18 exceeds a neutral point orthogonal to the slide shaft 12, as shown in FIG. As shown in (c), each pop action mechanism 18 changes the state in which the slide shaft 12 is urged in the direction opposite to the pendulum spring 17. Thereby, each pendulum 3 is urged in the direction of the cam 6 toward the outer peripheral portion of the governor sheave 1, and as shown in FIG. 1C, the cam 6 projects from the outer peripheral portion of the governor sheave 1. It is a graph which shows the change of the force of the pendulum spring 17, the force of the pop action spring 22, and the resultant force (thick line) of the pendulum spring 17 and the pop action spring 22 with respect to a moving distance. When the rotation speed of the governor sheave 1 reaches the tripping speed, the resultant force of the pendulum spring 17 and the pop action mechanism 18 slides from the point A to the point B where the same force is generated to balance the centrifugal force acting on the pendulum 3. The shaft 12 moves. Therefore, the pendulum 3 is opened by the moving amount from the point A to the point B.
[0038]
The cam 6 of the pendulum 3 having moved to the point B pushes up the roller 27 of the electric safety device 2 as shown in FIG. 7A, or pushes down the roller 27 as shown in FIG. 7B. The rotation shaft 25 (see FIG. 4) to which the roller arm 26 is fixed rotates, the contact opening / closing shaft 30 abutting on the cam 24 slides downward in FIG. 4, and the base 31 pushes the contact support plate 34 downward. Press. Thereby, as shown in FIG. 4B, the contact support plate 34 moves to separate the contacts 40B from the contacts 40A, and the power to the hoist 41 is cut off. FIG. 7 shows the timing at which the contacts 40A and 40B are separated according to the position of the roller 27 of the electric safety device 2.
[0039]
Since the pendulum 3 is maintained in a state in which the cam 6 protrudes from the outer peripheral portion of the governor sheave 1 by the urging force of the pop action spring 22, when the car moves by inertia force and the governor sheave 1 continues to rotate, the roller The arm 26 also keeps turning. When the rib 25a (see FIG. 3) of the rotating shaft 25 reaches the position of the notch 23a, the rib 25a is fitted into the notch 23a by the urging force of the spring 29, and the rotating shaft 25 is drawn into the case 23. As shown in FIG. 3B, the roller arm 26 contacts the side wall of the case 23.
[0040]
As a result, the rotation of the rotating shaft 25 is blocked and locked in the state shown in FIG. 4C, so that the power supply to the hoisting machine 41 is cut off and the position where the roller 27 does not contact the cam 6. And the state of being evacuated is maintained. In this way, even if the power of the hoisting machine 41 is cut off, the car does not stop, and the cam 6 does not hit the roller 27 many times even if the governor sheave 1 continues to rotate. Damage can be prevented. When the spring 29 that pulls in the roller arm 26 is broken, the cam 6 hits the roller 27 several times. However, since the electric safety device 2 operates and the hoisting machine 41 is stopped, it is in the direction. ,No problem.
[0041]
To release the locked state and return to the initial state, the spring receiver 28 is pushed by hand to completely project the rib 25 a of the rotating shaft 25 out of the case 23. As a result, the cam 24 is pushed, and the roller arm 26 returns to the initial position. Then, the end face of the rib 25 a is pressed against the side face of the case 23 by the urging force of the spring 29, and the roller 26 is fixed.
[0042]
The pendulum 3 is manually pushed in the direction of the center point of the governor sheave 1 and rotated. When the pop action mechanism 18 exceeds the position shown in FIG. 2B, each pendulum 3 automatically returns to the position shown in FIG. 1A by the urging force of the pop action spring 22 and the pendulum 17.
[0043]
In the present invention, by providing a mechanism for forcibly separating the contacts 40A and 40B, it is possible to respond to global requirements.
[0044]
Further, since the urging force of the slide shaft 12 can be adjusted by rotating the nut 16 (see FIG. 2) or replacing the pop action spring 22, different tripping speeds can be accommodated.
[0045]
In the present embodiment, the weight of the pendulum 3 can be changed. That is, as shown in FIG. 8, a plurality of weights 43 are detachably fixed to the pendulum 3 via nuts 44, and unnecessary weights 43 are removed at the time of shipment from the factory according to the tripping speed at the delivery destination. The nut 44 is fixed by the sealing mechanism 45 so as not to come off. By adjusting the number of weights 43 and the urging force of the pop action mechanism 18, a wide range of rated speed can be handled.
[0046]
Further, according to the present invention, as compared with a mechanism including a cam 121 and a roller 125 that rolls thereon, as in the conventional example shown in FIG. Since the operation is not unstable due to the wear of the cam 121 and the roller 125, the reliability is high.
[0047]
Furthermore, in the present invention, it is not necessary to completely modify the conventional governor, and the electric safety device with the lock mechanism, which was difficult to operate with the conventional mechanism, can be simply and reliably added by adding some mechanisms. There is an advantage that it can be operated.
[0048]
If the speed of the car does not decrease even if the electric safety device 2 operates and the supply of power to the hoisting machine 41 is cut off, the cam 6 of the pendulum 3 operates the governor rope gripping device as in the conventional case. By fixing the governor rope, the emergency stop device installed under the car is operated to stop the car.
[0049]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, since the elevator governor of the present invention includes the mechanism for forcibly separating the contacts of the electric safety device, it can meet global requirements. Further, since it can cope with a wide range of tripping speeds and can be used between a plurality of elevators having different rated speeds, versatility is high. Further, since the operation is low noise and the operation is stable even when used for a long time, the reliability is high.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a front view of a main part of a governor according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a partially cutaway front view and a left side view of a pop action mechanism. FIG. 3 is a perspective view of an electric safety device. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the safety device. FIG. 6 is a configuration diagram of a power supply circuit of the hoist. FIG. FIG. 7 is an explanatory view of the operation of the electric safety device. FIG. 8 is a side view of a pendulum. FIG. 9 is a schematic configuration diagram of a general elevator. FIG. 10 is a front view of a main part of a general governor. 11 is a plan view of FIG. 10; FIG. 12 is a schematic configuration diagram of an example of a forced opening mechanism; FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram of an operation of the forced opening mechanism of FIG. 12; FIG. 15 is a front view of a main part of an example of a governor using a wrench. FIG. 15 is a side view of FIG. Operation explanatory diagram of the governor of Figure 16] Figure 14 [EXPLANATION OF SYMBOLS]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Governor sheave 2 Electric safety device 3 Pendulum 4 Operating mechanism 17 Pendulum spring (biasing member)
22 Pop action spring (biasing member)
26 Roller arm (driven part)
40A contact 40B contact

Claims (3)

A governor sheave rotatably supported,
An electric safety device that is installed near the governor sheave and separates the contact points when the driven part is driven to cut off the supply of power to the hoist,
A pendulum that is supported by the governor sheave and that moves with respect to the governor sheave by centrifugal force generated by rotation of the governor sheave and projects from the outer peripheral portion of the governor sheave to drive the driven part,
When the rotation speed of the governor sheave is lower than the tripping speed at which the electric safety device is to be operated, the pendulum is urged in a direction opposite to the moving direction due to the centrifugal force, and when the rotation speed of the pendulum reaches the tripping speed. An operating mechanism that has an urging member that urges the pendulum in the moving direction, and that can adjust an urging force of the urging member,
A governor for an elevator, comprising: The elevator governor according to claim 1, wherein the electric safety device is lockable in a state where power supply to the hoist is cut off. 3. The governor for an elevator according to claim 1, wherein the pendulum includes a detachable weight.

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