JPH11349251A - Safety device for elevator - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a small-sized safety device of an elevator, having a simple structure and high reliability, without affecting comfortableness. SOLUTION: A function as a speed governor is provided to one of a plurality of roller guides 18. Two rotatable weights W are provided symmetrically with respect to a rotary shaft of the roller guide 18, the weights W are connected to each other by a tie rod 31, and the rotational angles of the weights W are always equally maintained. The weight balance around the shaft of the roller guide 18 is maintained regardless of the rotational speed of the roller guide 18, and therefore, vibration caused by unbalance can be prevented from being generated. When a car 1 is accelerated, cams 22 screwed to weight main bodies 21 of the weights W are displaced outward in the radial direction and kick a limit switch 33 or a trigger of an emergency stop device.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a safety device for an elevator, and more particularly, to a safety device for an elevator having a device for mechanically detecting an excess of the speed of a car.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art FIG. 6 shows a conventional example of an elevator safety device for stopping a car by mechanically detecting an excessive speed of the elevator.
8 to FIG.

FIG. 6 shows a first conventional example.
The safety device shown here is of the type most commonly used in the past. In FIG. 6, the car 10
1 balances with the counterweight 102 via a hoisting machine 104 installed in the machine room 103, and the car 101 and the counterweight 102 move up and down along the guide rail 106 installed in the hoistway 105.

[0004] A device 107 (hereinafter referred to as a governor 107) for mechanically detecting an excess of the elevating speed installed in the machine room 103 is provided with a tensioning sheave 108 installed at the lower end of the hoistway 105.
Is communicated with the governor rope 109. The governor rope 109 is fixed to a link 110 installed on the car 101, and an emergency stop device 112 is
The wedges 113 are contacted.

[0005] In this conventional example, if the car 101 overspeeds the normal speed for some reason, the governor 107
Operates, grasps the governor rope 109, and the car 101
The link 110 rotates at a relative speed with respect to the above, the pull-up bar 111 and the wedge 113 are raised accordingly, the wedge 113 grasps the guide rail 106, and the car 101
Is stopped safely.

FIG. 7 shows a second conventional example. This is disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,363,942, in which the governor 127 is installed in the car 121. In this conventional example, a governor 127 is installed above the car 121, and the car 1 is driven by a driving roller 134 and a transmission belt 135 that contact the guide rail 126.
The overspeed 21 is transmitted to the governor 127 and detected.

In this conventional example, if the car 121 is overspeeded for some reason, the rotation of the driving roller 134 is transmitted to the governor via the transmission belt 135, and the governor 127 is overspeeded. Detect and operate, link 13
6, the lifting rod 131 and the wedge 133 are pulled up, the wedge 133 grasps the guide rail 126, and stops the car 121 safely.

FIG. 8 shows a third conventional example. This is of the type disclosed in JP-A-64-22788. In this conventional example, a governor 147 is installed on a roller guide 158 installed on the car 141 to detect an overspeed of the car 141. And car 1 for some reason
If the speed of the roller guide 41 exceeds the normal speed, the roller guide 15
8 is transmitted to the governor 147, the weight 141 in the governor 147 moves by the centrifugal force of rotation, and the cam 162 installed at the tip of the weight 161 operates the emergency stop device 152 via the link 160. Let the car 141
Is stopped safely.

[0009]

However, each of the above conventional examples has the following problems. First, in the first conventional example, since the governor rope 109 becomes longer as the height of the hoistway 105 increases, the response becomes slower,
Slowing of the operational response due to an increase in the weight of the governor rope 109 and breakage of the governor rope 109, improper adjustment of the fixed position of the pulley 108 due to an increase in the amount of extension of the governor rope 109, the governor rope 9 during an earthquake There are issues such as being caught by the rampage and poor installation, and the cost is high.

[0010] In the second conventional example, the car 1
Although it appears that the above-described problem has been improved by installing the governor 127 on the transmission belt 21, the operation of the transmission belt 135 is unstable due to slippage, separation, or breakage, and the drive roller 134 does not.
Operating speed reduction of the governor due to the speed reduction mechanism from the motor to the governor 127 and the malfunction of the governor 127 accompanying the link 13,
6. Uncertainty due to breakage of the link power point 137 due to the mechanically irrational structure 6 (the required operating force is large and the mechanical loss is large), and the mounting structure of the roller guide 138 for guiding the elevator 121 up and down is complicated. And top clearance 1
However, there are problems such as a decrease in the number 39 and an increase in cost due to a large structure around the governor 127.

In the third conventional example, it seems that the above-mentioned problem has been solved by installing the speed governor 147 on the roller guide 158. However, during normal running, the riding cage due to the rotation imbalance of the weight 161 is considered. Deterioration of ride comfort due to vibration to 141, malfunction due to cam 162 contacting guide rail 146 prior to link 160, mechanical inconsistency of link structure (rotation direction of link is reversed)
And the link 160 cannot be returned after the operation of the safety device 152.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above-described circumstances, and it is easy to reduce the size of a vehicle even in normal traveling without affecting the riding comfort. It is an object of the present invention to provide an elevator safety device capable of reducing power consumption.

[0013]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is directed to a car which is mounted on a car through a predetermined rotating shaft and which engages with a guide rail arranged along the running direction of the car. A roller that rotates about the rotation axis in accordance with the traveling speed of the car, and a plurality of weights attached to the roller and displaced by centrifugal force generated by rotation of the roller, wherein the roller does not rotate. A plurality of weights disposed so as not to cause a balance, and a coupling member that couples the weights to each other so that the weights are displaced in conjunction with each other while maintaining a state in which the rollers do not cause rotational imbalance. An elastic member that applies a force opposing the centrifugal force to at least one of the weights; A cam that moves radially outward of the roller with displacement due to a force, and a device that is disposed at a predetermined distance from the rotation axis of the roller and that brakes or stops the car when the cam contacts. An elevator safety device comprising a trigger device to be activated.

In the above-mentioned safety device, each of the weights is rotatably mounted on the roller via a rotary shaft, and the rotary shaft of each weight is defined by the circumference around the rotary shaft of the roller as the number of weights. It is possible to arrange the coupling members as members that couple the weights together such that the pivot angles of the weights are maintained equal to each other, arranged at equally divided positions.

[0015] The connecting member may be constituted by a tie rod connecting the weights to each other.

[0016] The trigger device may be a device for starting a limit switch for turning off a power of a driving device for driving the car, or an emergency stop device for engaging with the guide rail to make an emergency stop of the car. It can be.

Further, a cover can be provided around the roller and the trigger device provided with the weight.

In addition, the safety device engages with the guide rail to make an emergency stop of the car,
It is possible to further comprise a trigger device of the safety device and a link device for communicating the safety device.

Further, by installing the trigger device of the emergency stop device and the emergency stop device adjacent to each other, it is possible to make the entire device compact and simple.

Further, the safety device includes a wire connected to the link device, and a handle for operating the wire to return the link device to an initial state after the safety device is operated. With the further configuration, the emergency stop device can be easily returned to the initial state after the operation.

[0021]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In each of the embodiments described below, the description of the driving system of the car is omitted, but the present invention is applicable regardless of the driving system such as a rope type and a self-propelled type.

[First Embodiment] First, a first embodiment will be described. FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 1 is an enlarged view showing an upper part of a car 1 of an elevator. Reference numeral 6 denotes a pair of guide rails provided along a moving direction of the car 1 on a wall surface of a hoistway of a high-rise building. Are shown.

A plurality of roller guides 18 are provided at the upper and lower portions of the car 1 to guide the car 1 by engaging with the guide rails 6, one of which is shown in FIG. is there. The roller guide 18 shown in FIG. 1 has a function as a speed governor. In other words, the roller guide 18 is formed as a roller guide-integrated governor G.

The configuration of the roller guide provided at a portion other than the roller guide 18 shown in FIG. 1 is the same as the configuration of a normal roller guide.

The roller governor-integrated governor G shown in FIG. 1 and its peripheral structure will be described below in detail. FIG.
As shown in (1), a roller guide frame 25 is attached to the car 1. The roller arm 24 is attached to the roller guide frame 25 via a roller arm rotation shaft 27. The roller arm 24 is a roller arm rotating shaft 2
It is possible to turn around 7.

On the tip side of the roller arm 24, a roller guide 1 is connected via a roller shaft (rotary shaft of the roller guide 18) 23.
8 is rotatably mounted. Roller arm 2
A roller pressing spring 26 is provided between the other end of the roller arm 4 and the roller guide frame 25. The roller pressing spring 26 constantly applies a leftward force in FIG. . Thereby, contact between the roller guide 18 and the guide rail 6 during the traveling of the car 1 is ensured. The roller pressing spring 26 also plays a role of absorbing lateral vibration during traveling and suppressing the influence on the car 1.

Two weights W are attached to the wheel core 28 of the roller guide 18. Both weights W have substantially the same shape as each other and have substantially the same mass distribution.

Each weight W is a weight shaft (rotating shaft).
The weight frame 30 includes a weight frame 30 attached to the wheel core 28 through 29, a weight body 21 attached to the tip of each weight frame 30, and a bolt screwed to each weight body 21. The head of this bolt is cam 2
It functions as 2. Each weight W is pivotable about a weight shaft 29. Although the cam 22 may be integrally formed with the weight W, the cam 22 may be screwed to the weight main body 21 as in this example, so that the adjustment becomes easy.

Each weight shaft 29 is arranged at a point symmetrical position about the roller shaft 23 of the roller guide 18. Therefore, the center of gravity of each weight W is located at a point symmetrical position about the roller shaft 23 of the roller guide 18. Note that the weight of the weight frame 30 is sufficiently smaller than the weight of the weight main body 21, and when the roller guide 18 rotates, each weight W is moved counterclockwise in FIG. It turns in the direction and is displaced.

The two weights W are connected to each other by a tie rod (connecting member) 31 so that the turning angles of the two weights are the same. Here, the “turning angle” means the turning angle of each weight W when the roller guide 18 rotates with reference to the position of each weight W when the roller guide 18 is stationary.

One end of the tie rod 31 is pivotally attached (pivotally attached) to the weight frame 30 of one weight W, and the other end of the tie rod 31 is pivotally attached to the weight body 21 of the other weight W. (Pivoted). The mass of the tie rod 31 is set to a value sufficiently smaller than the mass of the weight W.

An operating speed adjusting spring (elastic member) 32 is provided between an end of the weight frame 30 of the other weight W and a projection 32a provided on the wheel core 28. By the spring 32, a force rotating clockwise in FIG. 1 is constantly applied to the other weight W, and the centrifugal force applied to the weight W, particularly the weight main body 21, by the rotation of the roller guide 18 due to this force. Are opposing.

The roller arm 24 is provided with a limit switch 33 for turning off a driving device for driving the car, for example, a driving motor (not shown).

Next, the operation will be described. During normal running of the elevator, when the roller guide 18 rotates, the weight W also rotates. The weight W receives the centrifugal force due to the rotation and compresses the operating speed adjusting spring 32,
The weight body 21 turns so as to move outward.

Here, the two weights W are tie rods 3
1 and two weights W
Are always symmetrical with respect to the roller shaft 23 of the roller guide 18 without depending on the rotation speed of the roller guide 18.

Therefore, the position of the center of gravity of the two weights W is
Since the roller guide 18 is always located at a symmetrical position about the roller shaft 23 without depending on the rotation speed of the roller guide 18, the balance around the rotation axis (the roller shaft 23) of the roller guide 18 does not become unbalanced. For this reason, since vibration does not occur in the roller guide 18 due to rotation imbalance, the vibration of the car 1 can be prevented.

The cams 22 provided on each weight body 21 are positioned equidistant from the roller shaft 23 of the roller guide 18. When the car is traveling at a normal speed, the distance from the roller shaft 23 to each cam 22 (cam 2
2 in the radial direction) is a constant value corresponding to the traveling speed of the car. When the car stops, each cam 2
2 returns to the initial position.

When the car 1 is overspeeded from the normal speed for some reason, the centrifugal force due to the rotation is further increased,
The cam 22 gradually moves outward in the radial direction of the roller guide 18, and contacts the limit switch 33 when the speed of the car becomes 1.3 times the normal speed. As a result, the power of the elevator is turned off, and the car 1 stops.

According to the present embodiment described above, the weight W for detecting the overspeed of the car 1 is directly installed on the roller guide 18, so that the transmission parts such as the governor rope, the tension sheave, and the transmission belt can be used. Governor G that can be abolished
The structure can be simplified and the reliability can be improved.

Further, since the balance around the axis of the roller guide 18 can be maintained irrespective of the rotational speed of the roller guide 18, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of vibration caused by the rotational imbalance. For this reason, it is possible to prevent deterioration of the riding comfort of the car.

In the above-described embodiment, means (coupling member) for maintaining the weights W at the same turning angle.
Although a tie rod was used as the above, the present invention is not limited to this. That is, for example, a center gear is provided coaxially with the roller shaft 23 of the roller guide 18, and a weight gear that rotates cooperatively with the rotation of each weight W is provided coaxially with each weight shaft 29. By adopting a configuration in which the weight gears are meshed with each other, the turning angle of each weight W can be maintained the same.

Further, in the above embodiment, the number of weights W is two, but the number is not limited thereto, and the number of weights W may be three or more.

In this case, each weight shaft 29 is arranged at a position where the circumference around the roller shaft 23 of the roller guide 18 is equally divided by a number corresponding to the number of weights W, and each weight W is connected to a tie rod or the like. By mechanically connecting the weights W by means of equalizing the turning angles, the same effect as in the above embodiment can be obtained.

It is preferable to provide a cover 42 for covering the entire governor G, as shown in FIG. By covering the rotating part thus exposed with the cover 42, dust and
By eliminating water droplets, the product life can be extended and the inspection and operation on the car 1 can be done safely, and the wind noise during normal rotation is reduced, and the noise in the car 1 is reduced. Can be suppressed.

[Second Embodiment] Next, FIG.
An embodiment will be described. The second embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that an emergency stop device and a link mechanism for connecting the emergency stop device and the governor are further provided, and the structure of the governor G itself is different from that of the first embodiment. This is the same as the first embodiment. In the second embodiment, the same portions as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and overlapping description will be omitted.

As shown in FIG. 2, the car 1 has an upper beam 34 at its upper part, and a governor G having the same configuration as that of the first embodiment is fixed to the upper beam 34.

On the other hand, emergency stop devices 12, 12 are attached to the lower portion of the car 1, and the respective wedges 13, 13
Is connected by a corresponding lifting rod 11, 11 to the link 10
Is linked to The link 10 is attached to the upper beam 34, and constantly applies a force in the direction of pulling up each wedge 13 by the link spring 35.

At the position where the cam 22 moves when the car 1 is overspeeded to 1.4 times the normal speed, the tip of the operation rod 36 is hooked on the stopper 37 fixed to the roller guide frame 25. It is located in a hung state. The other end of the operating rod 36 is connected to the link 10 at the position shown in FIG.

As described in the first embodiment, when the car 1 has exceeded the normal speed for some reason, the position of the cam 22 gradually moves outward in the radial direction due to centrifugal force due to rotation. When the speed of the car is 1.3 times the normal speed, the limit switch 33 is turned off and the power of the elevator is turned off to stop the car 1.

However, when the car 1 further overspeeds, the position of the cam 22 moves further radially outward, and when the speed becomes 1.4 times the normal speed, the cam 22 moves the operating rod 36.
Is kicked, and the operation rod comes off the stopper 37.

At this time, the link 1 which has been always given a force in the direction of lifting the wedge 13 by the link spring 35
0 rotates with the restoration of the link spring 35, and the lifting rod 1
1 and the wedge 1 of the safety gear 12
3 is raised. Then, the wedge 13 grasps the guide rail 6 and mechanically stops the car 1.

When returning, the operating rod 36 is returned to the stopper 37, and the link 10 is returned to the initial position.
Is lifted slightly, and the wedge 13 is removed, whereby the car 1 is completely returned.

According to this embodiment, the same effects as in the first embodiment can be obtained. Further, according to the present embodiment, an elevator safety device having a structure for mechanically forcibly decelerating the car can be obtained.

[Third Embodiment] Next, FIG.
An embodiment will be described. The third embodiment is the second embodiment.
This embodiment is different from the second embodiment in that an emergency stop device and a governor are provided adjacent to each other, and the other points are substantially the same as those in the second embodiment. In the third embodiment, the same parts as those in the second embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and overlapping description will be omitted.

As shown in FIG. 3, the car 1 has a lower beam 38 at its lower part. Emergency stop device 1 for lower beam 38
2 and the governor 7 is directly fixed to the lower side of the safety gear 12.

The wedge 13 inside the safety device 12
The link 10 is connected to the link 10 via a lifting rod 11.
The link 10 is attached to the lower beam 38, and constantly applies a force in a direction in which the wedge 13 is pulled up by the link spring 35.

At the position where the cam 22 comes when the car 1 is overspeeded to 1.4 times the normal speed, the tip of the operating rod 36 is positioned with the stopper 37 hooked. The other end of the operating rod 36 is connected to the link 10 at the position shown in FIG.

As in the first and second embodiments described above, when the speed of the car exceeds 1.3 times the normal speed,
The cam 22 turns off the limit switch 33 and stops the car 1 by turning off the elevator. Nevertheless, if the car 1 further overspeeds to 1.4 times the normal speed, the cam 22 kicks the operating rod 36 and the operating rod comes off the stopper 37.

At this time, the link 1 which has been always given a force in the direction of pulling up the wedge 13 by the link spring 35
0 rotates with the restoration of the link spring 35, and the lifting rod 1
1 and the wedge 1 of the safety gear 12
3 is raised. Then, the wedge 13 grasps the guide rail 6 and mechanically stops the car 1.

When returning, the operating rod 36 is returned to the stopper 37, and the link 10 is returned to the initial position.
Is lifted slightly, and the wedge 13 is removed, whereby the car 1 is completely returned.

According to this embodiment, the same effects as those of the second embodiment can be obtained, and furthermore, the link structure can be reduced in size and simplified.

[Fourth Embodiment] Next, a fourth embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. The fourth embodiment differs from the third embodiment in that a mechanism for facilitating the return of the safety device is further provided, and the other components are substantially the same as the fourth embodiment. . In the fourth embodiment,
The same parts as those in the third embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and duplicate description will be omitted.

As shown in FIG. 5, a force is applied to the distal end side of the operation rod 36 by a stopper spring 39 in a direction in which it is always hooked on the stopper 37. An outer wire 40 is attached to the position shown in FIG. 5 of the link 10, and the opposite side is fixed to the upper beam 34, and a return handle 41 is attached to the tip of the wire 40.

In this embodiment, the operation until the safety device 12 operates and the car 1 stops is the same as the operation of the third embodiment.

Thereafter, when returning the safety device 12, the return handle 41 is pulled on the car 1 to return the operating rod 36 first.

When the operating rod 36 reaches a position where the operating rod 36 is hooked on the stopper 37, the operating rod 36 is always moved to the stopper 37.
Due to the action of the stopper spring 39, which exerts a force in the direction of hooking (rightward in FIG. 5), the hook 37 is forcibly hooked on the stopper 37, and the operating rod 36 and the link 10 return to the initial position.

At this time, the wedge 13 is still in the guide rail 6
The link 10 returns to the initial state without any problem because the pulling rod 11 is provided with an elongated hole.

Thereafter, the car 1 is slightly raised and the wedge 13 is removed, whereby the car 1 is completely returned to the initial state.

According to this embodiment, in addition to the effects described in the effects of the third embodiment, the return after the operation of the safety gear can be performed safely and easily. As a result, the time required to return the safety gear to the emergency stop device is shortened, the time required for the elevator to become reusable is also shortened, and an elevator safety device that provides improved customer service is obtained.

[0071]

As described above, according to the present invention,
It is possible to obtain a highly reliable elevator safety device with a compact and simple configuration that does not affect the riding comfort of the car.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a view showing a first embodiment of an elevator safety device according to the present invention, showing a structure of a governor of the elevator safety device.

FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a cover installed around the governor.

FIG. 3 is a view showing a second embodiment of an elevator safety device according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a view showing a third embodiment of an elevator safety device according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a view showing a fourth embodiment of an elevator safety device according to the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a first conventional example of an elevator safety device.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a second conventional example of an elevator safety device.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a third conventional example of an elevator safety device.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Riding car 6 Guide rail 12 Emergency stop device 18 Roller guide 21 Weight main body 22 Cam 23 Roller shaft 29 Weight axis (slewing axis) 30 Weight frame 31 Tie rod 32 Operation speed adjustment spring (elastic member) 33 Limit switch 40 Wire 41 Return Handle 42 Cover W Weight

Claims (8)

[Claims] 1. A car mounted on a car via a predetermined rotating shaft and engages with a guide rail arranged along the running direction of the car, and the center of the rotating shaft is set according to the running speed of the car. A plurality of weights attached to the roller and displaced by centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the roller, and a plurality of weights arranged so that rotation imbalance does not occur in the roller; A coupling member that couples the weights together so that the weights are displaced in conjunction with each other while maintaining a state in which the rollers do not rotate unbalancely, and a force that resists the centrifugal force is at least one of the weights. An elastic member that is applied to the roller, and is provided on the weight, and is moved outward in the radial direction of the roller due to displacement of the weight due to centrifugal force. A moving cam, arranged at a predetermined distance from the rotation axis of the roller,
An elevator safety device comprising: a trigger device for operating a device for braking or stopping the car when the cam contacts. 2. Each of the weights is rotatably mounted on the roller via a rotation shaft, and the rotation axis of each weight has a circumference around the rotation axis of the roller according to the number of the weights. The safety device according to claim 1, wherein the weights are connected to each other such that the weights of the weights are maintained equal to each other. 3. The safety device according to claim 2, wherein the connecting member comprises a tie rod connecting the weights. 4. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the trigger device is a device for starting a limit switch for turning off a power of a driving device for driving the car or an emergency stop device for engaging with the guide rail to make an emergency stop of the car. The safety device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein 5. The safety device according to claim 1, wherein a cover is provided around the roller and the trigger device provided with the weight. 6. An emergency stop device that engages with the guide rail to make an emergency stop of the car, and a link device that communicates the trigger device of the emergency stop device with the emergency stop device. And
The safety device according to claim 1. 7. The safety device according to claim 1, wherein a trigger device of the safety device and the safety device are installed adjacent to each other. 8. A wire connected to the link device, and a handle for operating the wire to return the link device to an initial state after the safety device is operated. The safety device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: