JP2004284178A - Shaping method, shaping film and injection-molded product - Google Patents

Shaping method, shaping film and injection-molded product Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2004284178A
JP2004284178A JP2003078562A JP2003078562A JP2004284178A JP 2004284178 A JP2004284178 A JP 2004284178A JP 2003078562 A JP2003078562 A JP 2003078562A JP 2003078562 A JP2003078562 A JP 2003078562A JP 2004284178 A JP2004284178 A JP 2004284178A
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Japan
Prior art keywords
film
shaping
fine irregularities
injection
resin
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JP2003078562A
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Japanese (ja)
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JP4156415B2 (en
Inventor
Tomoyuki Suzuki
智之 鈴木
Mikiko Hojo
美貴子 北條
Masanao Matsuoka
雅尚 松岡
Shinji Tajima
真治 田島
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Dai Nippon Printing Co Ltd
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Dai Nippon Printing Co Ltd
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  • Injection Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a shaping film capable of shaping the fine unevenness of the shaping film on the three-dimensional surface of an injection-molded product, a shaping method and the injection-molded product of which the three-dimensional surface is shaped. <P>SOLUTION: The shaping method comprises a process (a) for preparing a master plate having fine unevenness, a process (b) for making a stamper plate for forming fine unevenness from the master plate, a process (c) for making the shaping film made of a resin on which the fine unevenness of the master plate is duplicated using the stamper plate, a process (d) for inserting the shaping film in an injection mold, a process (e) for injection-molding the resin charged in the injection mold to closely bring the same into contact with the mold and shaping the fine unevenness of the shaping film on the surface of the resin and a process (f) for releasing the mold after cooling and peeling the shaping film to take out the molded product. The surface of the unevenness formed layer of the shaping film has fine unevenness and comprises a cured material of a specific photosetting resin composition. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、微細な凹凸を立体面へ賦型する賦型方法に関し、さらに詳しくは、賦型フィルムを射出成形用金型内へ挿入し射出成形することで、射出成形品の立体面へ、賦型フィルムの微細な凹凸を賦型することのできる賦型フィルム、賦型方法、及び射出成形品に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来技術】
(技術の背景)射出成形による成形品は、日用品や生活用品などの機器本体、食品や各種物品の容器類、電子機器や事務用品などの筐体類など、多くのものに使用されている。高意匠化のために、成形後の成形品の表面に、印刷や転写による絵付けをしたり、また、射出成形時に、印刷フィルムやホログラム転写フィルムを金型内へ挿入して、射出成形と同時に絵付けやホログラム転写することが行われている。
さらなる高意匠化のために、成形品の立体部分へも、ホログラムなどの微細な凹凸を賦型することが求められている。しかしながら、該賦型は平面又は1方向の曲面に制限される。立体部分は溶融した射出成形樹脂の流れによって、賦型フィルムが伸張されて、シワや破れが発生し成形できなかった。
そこで、立体面へ微細な凹凸が賦型された射出成形品を得るために、通常の射出条件で射出成形時に、平面状の賦型フィルムが立体面にそって、シワや破れることなく伸張して、射出成形と同時に賦型フィルムの微細な凹凸を賦型できる賦型フィルム、及び賦型方法が求められている。また、煩雑な製造工程及びメッキ排水処理を要する、従来の射出成形用Niスタンパが不要で、さらに、微細な凹凸形状を有する専用金型でなく金型本体は共通で使用することができることも求められている。
【0003】
(先行技術)従来、ホログラム(表面の微細な凹凸)を成形品へ賦型する賦型方法は、ホログラム像形成用スタンパ版を金型内へ載置し射出成形することで、スタンパ版表面の微細な凹凸を成形品の表面へ賦型する方法が知られている(例えば、特許文献1参照。)。しかしながら、賦型できる表面が平面に限られるという問題点がある。
また、本出願人も、金属又は樹脂製のスタンパ版を金型内へ載置し成形することで、スタンパ版表面の微細な凹凸を成形品の表面へ賦型する方法を開示している(例えば、特許文献2〜3参照。)。しかしながら、金属又は樹脂製のスタンパ版を、超硬金型へ困難な装着加工せねばならず、その金型はその成形品のみの専用金型となってしまうという問題点がある。また、耐久性の低い樹脂製のスタンパ版では、複数回の射出成形によって、凹凸の形状が変形して大量生産できないという欠点がある。
さらに、上記のいずれの方法でも立体面への賦型はできず、射出成形品の立体面へ微細な凹凸を賦型する賦型方法については記載も示唆もされていない。
【0004】
【特許文献1】特開昭62−146624号公報
【特許文献2】特開平02−309385号公報
【特許文献3】特開平04−11269号公報
【0005】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
そこで、本発明はこのような問題点を解消するためになされたものである。その目的は、賦型フィルムを金型内へ挿入し射出成形することで、射出成形品の立体面へ、賦型フィルムの微細な凹凸を賦型することのできる賦型フィルム、賦型方法、及び立体面へ賦型された射出成形品を提供することである。
【0006】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記の課題を解決するために、請求項1の発明に係わる賦型方法は、射出成形品の表面の、少なくとも1部に微細な凹凸を賦型する賦型方法において、(a)微細な凹凸を有する原版を用意する工程と、(b)該原版から、微細な凹凸形成用のスタンパ版を作成する工程と、(c)該スタンパ版を用いて、表面の微細な凹凸が複製された樹脂製の賦型フィルムを作成する工程と、(d)該賦型フィルムを射出成形用金型内へ挿入する工程と、(e)該射出成形用金型へ樹脂を射出成形し密着させることで、該樹脂の表面へ賦型フィルムの微細な凹凸を賦型する工程と、(f)冷却後、金型を解放し、賦型フィルムを剥離して成形品を取り出す工程と、からなる射出成形品の立体面へ微細な凹凸を賦型するように、また、請求項2の発明に係わる賦型方法は、賦型フィルムを作成する工程では、微細な凹凸を連続的又は間歇的に設けて長尺の賦型フィルムとし、該賦型フィルムを射出成形用金型内へ挿入する工程では、前記賦型フィルムを成形サイクル毎に間歇的に挿入することで、射出成形を連続的に行うように、したものである。本発明によれば、通常の射出条件で射出成形でき、かつ、射出成形と同時に微細な凹凸が賦型できるので、工程が増加せず安価に、短時間で高意匠性の成形品を作成できる賦型方法が提供される。
請求項3の発明に係わる賦型フィルムは、請求項1〜2のいずれかに記載の賦型方法で用いる立体面へ微細な凹凸を賦型する賦型フィルムにおいて、該賦型フィルムが少なくとも基材と凹凸形成層とからなり、該凹凸形成層の表面は微細な凹凸を有し、かつ、ウレタンアクリレート、ポリエステルアクリレート、エポキシアクリレート、ポリエーテルアクリレートから選択されるアクリレートオリゴマーと、離型剤とを必須成分として含有する光硬化性樹脂組成物の硬化物であるように、また、請求項4の発明に係わる賦型フィルムは、上記凹凸形成層が、ウレタンアクリレート、ポリエステルアクリレート、エポキシアクリレート、ポリエーテルアクリレートから選択されるアクリレートオリゴマーと、アクリル樹脂と、離型剤とを必須成分として含有する光硬化性樹脂組成物の硬化物であるように、また、請求項5の発明に係わる賦型フィルムは、上記アクリル樹脂が、下記一般式(1)で表される構造式のウレタン変性アクリル樹脂であるように、したものである。本発明によれば、専用の射出成形用金型が要らず、高価な金型本体は共通で使用することができ、賦型フィルムを挿入することで、三次元の立体部分へ、微細な凹凸形状を容易に賦型できる賦型フィルムが提供される。
請求項6の発明に係わる射出成形品は、請求項3〜5のいずれかに記載の賦型フィルムを用いて、請求項1〜2のいずれかに記載の賦型方法で、射出成形と同時に、立体面へ微細な凹凸を賦型するように、また、請求項7の発明に係わる射出成形品は、上記微細な凹凸が、ホログラム、回折格子、モスアイ構造の凹凸であるように、したものである。本発明によれば、立体面の意匠性がより高められ、また、光学機能も付与できる立体面へ賦型された射出成形品が提供される。
【0007】
【発明の実施の形態】
(発明のポイント)
図1は、本発明の賦型フィルムの断面図である。
本発明の賦型フィルム1は、少なくとも基材11と凹凸形成層15とからなり、凹凸形成層15の表面には微細な凹凸17が形成されている。従来の樹脂スタンパ版を射出成形用金型へ挿入してインサート射出成形すると、平面部では問題なく成形できる。しかしながら、立体面部では立体に起因する伸張力を受けて、樹脂スタンパ版は追従できずに、シワが発生したり、破れたりする。
ところが、後述する特定の樹脂からなる凹凸形成層を有する本発明の賦型フィルム1を用いれば、立体面部でも、賦型フィルム1が追従してしわや破れがなく、射出成形品の三次元の立体部分へも、容易に微細な凹凸17が転写し賦型することができる。
【0008】
微細な凹凸17が賦型された射出成形品の意匠性はより高められ、また、微細な凹凸17を光学機能を発現するようにすることで、光学機能をも付与することができる。
さらに、射出成形金型へ装着するニッケルスタンパ版が要らず、その煩雑な製造工程、及びメッキの排水処理が要らない。
さらにまた、微細な凹凸17形状は賦型フィルムを差し替えることでよく、金型を専用とすることがない。高価な金型本体は共通で使用することができる。
射出成形は、通常の射出条件で射出することで、射出成形と同時に微細な凹凸17が賦型できるので、工程が増加せず安価に、短時間で射出成形品を作成できる。
賦型フィルム1を作成する工程を要するが、それを補って余りある上記の効果をもたらすことを見出して本発明に至った。
【0009】
(方法)
図2は、本発明の賦型方法の1実施例を示すフロー図である。
本発明の賦型法は、(a)微細な凹凸を有する原版を用意する工程(ステップ101)と、(b)該原版から、微細な凹凸形成用のスタンパ版を作成する工程(ステップ102)と、(c)該スタンパ版を用いて、表面の微細な凹凸が複製された樹脂製の賦型フィルムを作成する工程(ステップ103)と、(d)該賦型フィルムを射出成形用金型内へ挿入する工程(ステップ104)と、(e)該射出成形用金型へ樹脂を射出成形し密着させることで、該樹脂の表面へ賦型フィルムの微細な凹凸を賦型する工程(ステップ105)と、(f)冷却後、金型を解放し、賦型フィルムを剥離して成形品を取り出す工程(ステップ106)と、必要に応じて、反射層を設ける工程(ステップ107)とからなり、立体面へ微細な凹凸が賦型された射出成形品が得られる。工程に従って、使用する材料も含めて詳細に説明する。
【0010】
(ステップ101)(a)微細な凹凸を有する原版を用意する工程
まず、微細な凹凸17を有する原版を用意するが、該原版は公知のものでよい。微細な凹凸17としては、光拡散、反射防止、防眩、光回折などの機能を発現するものが好ましく、例えば、フーリエ変換やレンチキュラーレンズ、光回折パターン、モスアイ、が形成されたものである。また、光回折機能はないが、特異な光輝性を発現する万線状の凹凸、干渉パターンなどでもよい。
光回折凹凸パターンとしては、物体光と参照光との光の干渉による干渉縞が凹凸模様で記録されたホログラムや回折格子が適用できる。ホログラムとしては、フレネルホログラム等のレーザ再生ホログラム、及びレインボーホログラム等の白色光再生ホログラム、さらに、それらの原理を利用したカラーホログラム、コンピュータジェネレーティッドホログラム(CGH)、ホログラフィック回折格子などがある。
【0011】
回折格子としては、ホログラム記録手段を利用したホログラフィック回折格子があげられ、その他、電子線描画装置等を用いて機械的に回折格子を作成することにより、計算に基づいて任意の回折光が得られる回折格子をあげることもできる。また、機械切削法でもよい。これらのホログラムおよび/または回折格子の単一若しくは多重に記録しても、組み合わせて記録しても良い。
これらの原版は公知の材料、方法で作成することができ、通常、感光性材料を塗布したガラス板を用いたレーザ光干渉法、電子線レジスト材料を塗布したガラス板に電子線描画法、機械切削法などが適用できる。
【0012】
(ステップ102)(b)該原版から、微細な凹凸形成用のスタンパ版を作成する工程
次に、上記で得た微細な凹凸が形成された原版を用いて、スタンパ版(複製版材ともいう)を作成する。原版を用いて、1〜複数(奇数)回の複製を繰り返してスタンパ版を作成する。該スタンパの凹凸形状は複製回数を選定することで、原版の凹凸パターンと鏡像関係(雌型、ネガ型ともいう)にある凹凸パターンであるようにする。回折格子のようにネガ型、ポジ型どちらでもよいものもある。該スタンパとしては、メッキによる金属スタンパ版、又は樹脂スタンパ版が適用できる。
金属スタンパ版は、原版の表面に金やNiなどを蒸着し、これを電極に厚さ100μm〜5mm程度、好ましくは300μm〜3mmのニッケルメッキ層を形成してから、ニッケル層を剥離してスタンパ版とする。樹脂スタンパ版はメッキする以前の、2P法による樹脂版そのものを樹脂製スタンパ版として用いてもよい。Niメッキ及び2P法の材料及び製法については、いずれも公知のものが適用できる。
【0013】
(ステップ103)(c)該スタンパ版を用いて、表面の微細な凹凸が複製された樹脂製の賦型フィルムを作成する工程
まず、凹凸形成層15の材料について説明する。凹凸形成層15の材料は、微細な凹凸の複製性、射出成形に耐える耐熱及び耐変形性、剥離性が必要で、かつ、本発明では立体射出成形品の立体部で伸張されるので、伸張追従性を備えているものを適用する。該凹凸形成層15の材料としては、次の光硬化性樹脂組成物の硬化物を適用する。
【0014】
該光硬化性樹脂組成物としては、離型剤とアクリレートアリゴノマーとを必須成分とし、該アクリレートアリゴノマーがウレタンアクリレート、ポリエステルアクリレート、エポキシアクリレート、ポリエーテルアクリレートから選択されたもの、上記成分へさらにアクリル樹脂を加えたもの、さらに該アクリル樹脂を一般式(1)で表されるウレタン変性アクリル系樹脂へ特定したものを用いる。
なお、式中、Zは嵩高い環状構造の基を表わし、6個のRは夫々互いに独立して水素原子又はメチル基を表わし、RはC〜C16の炭化水素基を表わし、X及びYは直鎖状又は分岐鎖状のアルキレン基を表わす。l(エル)とmとnとo(オー)とpの合計を100とした場合に、lは0〜90、mは0〜80、nは0〜50、o+pは10〜80、pは0〜40の整数である。
【0015】
上記離型剤としては、凹凸形成の際のスタンパーからの剥離性を付与するために用いることができる。公知のワックス、界面活性剤、フッ素系離型剤、シリコーン系離型剤等が用いられるが、中でもシリコーン系離型剤が好ましく用いられる。
【0016】
上記オリゴマーとしては、ウレタンアクリレート、エポキシアクリレート、ポリエステルアクリレート、ポリエーテルアクリレート等の、反応性官能基を有するアクリレートオリゴマーである。
反応性官能基を有するオリゴマーは、ここでは一般にアクリロイル基またはメタクリロイル基を有するオリゴマーを指すが、分子量が3万程度あるいはそれ以上の高分子量タイプのものも含む。オリゴマーは、1種類、あるいは2種以上を組み合わせて用いることができる。
【0017】
反応性官能基を有するオリゴマーの中では、ウレタンアクリレートが微細な凹凸の複製性に優れており、好ましく用いられる。中でも、反応性官能基は分子中に2つ以上持つものが好ましく、3つ以上がより好ましい。ウレタンアクリレートは、ポリイソシアネートとポリオールとヒドロキシ(メタ)アクリレートの反応物、あるいはポリイソシアネートとヒドロキシ(メタ)アクリレートの反応物等が挙げられる。また、本出願人が特開2001−329031号公報で開示している、融点が40℃以上イソシアネート化合物と、(メタ)アクリロイル基と反応し得る(メタ)アクリル化合物の反応生成物であるウレタンアクリレート、特にイソシアネートがイソホロンジイソシアネートの3量体であるウレタンアクリレートは、微細な凹凸の複製性、射出成形に耐える耐熱性及び耐変形性の点で、好ましい。
【0018】
凹凸形成層をエンボス法により形成する場合には、コーティングのための成膜性付与や微細な凹凸の複製性を目的として、光硬化性樹脂組成物へアクリル樹脂等のポリマーを添加する。ポリマーとしては、アクリル樹脂、ポリエステル樹脂、エポキシ樹脂、ウレタン樹脂、ポリカーボネート樹脂、ポリイミド樹脂、又はポリオレフィンなどの1又は複数のものを用いることができる。アクリレートオリゴマーとの相溶性の点で、アクリル樹脂が好ましい。アクリル樹脂は、アクリル基、メタクリル基、ビニル基等の二重結合を有するモノマーを重合させて得られる。
【0019】
該アクリル樹脂に反応性官能基を導入して、さらなる射出成形の耐熱性、耐変形性を付与することができる。反応性官能基は、ウレタン変性、エポキシ変性等でアクリル樹脂に導入するが、より好ましくは、一般式(1)で表されるウレタン変性アクリル樹脂である。
なお、式中、6個のRは夫々互いに独立して水素原子又はメチル基を表わし、RはC〜C16の炭化水素基を表わし、X及びYは直鎖状又は分岐鎖状のアルキレン基を表わす。l(エル)とmとnとo(オー)とpの合計を100とした場合に、lは0〜90、mは0〜80、nは0〜50、o+pは10〜80、pは0〜40の整数である。Zはかさ高い環状構造の基を表し、かさ高い環状構造を導入するためのモノマーとしては、例えば、シクロヘキシル(メタ)アクリレート、ジシクロペンタニル(メタ)アクリレート、ジシクロペンテニル(メタ)アクリレート、ベンジル(メタ)アクリレート、アクリロイルモルフォリン、アダマンチル(メタ)アクリレート、スチレン、ビニルピロリドン、ビニルカプロラクトン、イソボルニル(メタ)アクリレート等が挙げられる。
【0020】
また、光硬化性樹脂組成物へは、凹凸形成層の粘度低下、あるいは架橋度を高くして耐熱性を向上させることを目的として、反応性官能基を有するモノマーを添加してもよい。特に、凹凸形成層をポッティング法で形成する場合には、ポリマーを添加するかわりに、これらのモノマーを添加する方が好ましい。反応性官能基を有するモノマーとしては、単官能 、2官能、あるいは3官能以上のものを用いることができ、必要に応じて2種以上を組み合わせて用いてもよい。単官能のものとしては、N−ビニルピロリドン、2−エチルヘキシル(メタ)アクリレート、シクロヘキシル(メタ)アクリレート、イソボルニル(メタ)アクリレート等、2官能では1,6−ヘキサンジオールジアクリレート、ネオペンチルグリコールジアクリレート、ポリエチレングリコールジアクリレート、3官能以上では、トリメチロールプロパントリアクリレート、ペンタエリスリトールトリアクリレート、ペンタエリスリトールテトラアクリレート、ジペンタエリスリトールペンタアクリレート、ジペンタエリスリトールヘキサアクリレート等が挙げられる。
【0021】
以上の光硬化性樹脂組成物へは、後述するようなスタンパ版でエンボスして、微細な凹凸17を複製中又は複製した後に、紫外線などの電離放射線線照射で重合・硬化させるために、重合開始剤を添加する。該重合開始剤としては、公知のものであればいずれも使用できる。例えば、ベンゾイン等のベンゾイン化合物、アントラキノン、メチルアントラキノン等のアントラキノン化合物、ベンゾフェノン、アセトフェノン等のフェニルケトン化合物等や、製品としてはチバスペシャルティケミカルズ製のイルガキュア184、イルガキュア907、イルガキュア369等が挙げられる。但し、電離放射線として電子線を用いる場合には、重合開始剤はいらない。
【0022】
また、光硬化性樹脂組成物には、必要に応じて、上記の各成分に加えて、重合禁止剤、粘度調整剤、界面活性剤、消泡剤、有機金属カップリング剤、無機フィラー、スチレンブタジエンゴム等の高分子体等を添加することができる。
【0023】
凹凸形成層15の表面に微細な凹凸を複製する方法としては、公知のエンボス法、ポッティング法が適用できる。
エンボス法は、まず、基材11へ、必要に応じてプライマ層13を設け、上記の凹凸形成層の樹脂を溶剤へ溶解又は分散させたインキ化を用いて、公知のグラビア印刷法、ロールコーティング法、3本リバースロールコーティング法などの塗布方法で、乾燥後の厚さが0.2〜10μmになるように、塗布し乾燥させて、凹凸形成層15を形成する。該凹凸形成層15の表面を、前述の金属又は樹脂製のスタンパ版を加熱又は加熱せずに加圧しエンボスして、微細な凹凸17を複製した後に電離放射線を照射するか、又はエンボス中に電離放射線を照射してからスタンパ版を剥離することで微細な凹凸17を複製する。このように、凹凸形成層15の表面に微細な凹凸17が複製して、本発明の賦型フィルム1となる。
【0024】
また、ポッティング法は、金属製又は樹脂製のスタンパ版の微細な凹凸17上へ、上記の凹凸形成層の樹脂を、そのまま、又は反応性モノマで稀釈した組成物を用いて、公知のディスペンサー法でポッテング滴下し、基材11を重ねて気泡が混入しないように、組成物を加圧して厚さが0.2〜10μmで、略均一な厚さになるようにした後に、電離放射線を照射してからスタンパ版を剥離することで微細な凹凸17を複製する。このように、凹凸形成層15の表面に微細な凹凸17が複製して、本発明の賦型フィルム1となる。この操作を長尺で連続的に行ってもよく、詳しくは、本出願人が、特開平02−203444号公報で開示している。
【0025】
上記のいずれの賦型フィルム1は、少なくとも基材11と凹凸形成層15とからなり、必要に応じて基材11と凹凸形成層15との間にプライマ層13や、基材11の凹凸形成層15と反対側面に保護層、離型層などを設けてもよい。プライマ層13、保護層、離型層などは、当業者に公知で既存のものが適用できる。
基材11としては、射出成形に耐える耐熱及び耐変形性が必要で、かつ、本発明では立体射出成形品の立体部で伸張されるので、伸張追従性を備えているものを適用する。例えば、ポリエチレンテレフタレート、ポリブチレンテレフタレ−ト、ポリエチレンナフタレ−トなどのポリエステル系樹脂、ポリメチルペンテン、環状ポリオレフィン樹脂などのポリオレフィン系樹脂、ポリアクリレート、ポリメタアクリレート、ポリメチルメタアクリレートなどのアクリル系樹脂、ポリカ−ボネ−トなどが適用できる。基材11の厚さとしては特に限定はされず、4〜500μm程度、好ましくは6〜300μmであり、連続的に供給する長尺の場合には、4〜200μm程度、好ましくは6〜100μmである。
【0026】
また、該賦型フィルムとしての、伸張追従性を表わす伸び率(JIS Z1702)としては、1〜100%程度、好ましくは1〜5%である。
この範囲を超えると、賦型フィルムが変形して微細な凹凸の賦型精度が低下し、表面での回折による意匠性効果がなくなる。この範囲未満では、立体部で伸張されてフィルムのシワや破れの発生がしやすくなる。
【0027】
(ステップ104)(d)該賦型フィルムを射出成形用金型内へ挿入する工程
賦型フィルム1を、微細な凹凸面を射出樹脂が接触するように、成形射出用金型内へ挿入する。該挿入方法は、特に限定されることはないが、通常の射出成形装置に用いる公知の自動箔送り装置が例示できる。該自動箔送り装置は、賦型フィルムを供給する給紙部、一定量を送る駆動部、ガイドロール類、賦型後に排出されるフィルムを巻上げる排紙部、間歇で走行する賦型フィルムの張力を一定に保つ制御部、必要に応じてセンサー及びその制御部を有する。
【0028】
微細な凹凸17の絵柄がエンドレスやランダム模様の場合には、所望の一定量を送ればよい。孤立した絵柄が一定周期で面付けされている場合には、絵柄毎にレジスターマークを設け、該レジスターマークをセンサで捕らえて、所望量を送ればよい。レジスターマークは、微細な凹凸17の原版やスタンパ版を作成する際に、一緒に凹凸で設けてもよく、別にグラビア印刷やスクリーン印刷などの印刷法で、微細な凹凸17に対応するように、設けてもよい。
【0029】
(ステップ105)(e)該射出成形用金型へ樹脂を射出成形し密着させることで、該樹脂の表面へ賦型フィルムの微細な凹凸を賦型する工程
賦型フィルム1が挿入された射出成形金型を閉じ、公知の射出成形法で、溶融した樹脂を金型内へ射出する。溶融した樹脂は金型内を流動しへ充満し、金型内へ挿入されている賦型フィルムの微細な凹凸17へも射出圧力で密着する。金型が冷却すると、射出樹脂が固化して、その表面に微細な凹凸17が賦型される。また、射出成形後に、さらに加圧する射出圧縮成形がより好ましい。
また、射出成形品には、微細な凹凸17部分以外に、機器への組み付けに使用するフランジ、嵌合突起、ノッチ、穴などの補助部分も同時に成形してもよく、さらに、多面付けにしてもよい。
さらに、異なる微細な凹凸17を形成した賦型フィルム1を作成し、挿入すれれば、別の異なる微細な凹凸17を同じ射出成形金型で成形することができる。高価な射出成形金型を共通で使用し、複数の微細な凹凸17を形成でき、より安価に大量生産することができる。
【0030】
射出成形法で用いる樹脂としては、所望の用途に応じて種々の材料が適用できる。例えば、ポリエチレンテレフタレートなどのポリエステル系樹脂、ポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン、ポリメチルペンテン、環状ポリオレフィン樹脂などのポリオレフィン系樹脂、ポリアクリレート、ポリメタアクリレート、ポリメチルメタアクリレートなどのアクリル系樹脂、エンジニアリング樹脂、ポリカ−ボネ−ト、AS樹脂、ABS樹脂などのスチレン系樹脂などで、これらの共重合体でもよく、また、これらの単独又は混合物でもよい。好ましくは、光学特性に優れるアクリル樹脂、ポリカーボネート樹脂、又は環状ポリオレフィン樹脂などであり、さらに好ましくは、アクリル樹脂、又はポリカーボネート樹脂が好適である。
【0031】
射出成形の条件としては、賦型に伴う温度、圧力などの制約事項が少ないので、通常の条件で成形することができる。
また、本発明の賦型フィルム1を用いることで、射出成形品の立体面にも賦型フィルムの伸張し追従することができるので、シワや破れなしも発生しにくく、射出成形品の立体部分にも精度よく、微細な凹凸17を賦型することができる。
【0032】
(ステップ106)(f)冷却後、金型を解放し、賦型フィルムを剥離して成形品を取り出す工程
射出成形し、射出成形金型を冷却した後に、射出成形金型を解放し、賦型フィルムを剥離して取り出せば、立体面に微細な凹凸17をが賦型された射出成形品が得られる。
また、賦型フィルムを微細な凹凸17を連続的又は間歇的に設けて長尺の賦型フィルムとしておき、該賦型フィルムの射出成形用金型内へ挿入を、成形サイクル毎に間歇的に挿入することで、挿入−射出成形−取り出しが連続的に行うことができる。新鮮な賦型フィルムが次に挿入されて行くので、賦型される微細な凹凸17は変形や劣化することなく、連続的に大量生産ができる。
【0033】
(ステップ107)(g)必要に応じて反射層を設ける工程
射出成形品に賦型された微細な凹凸17部に、光学機能を高めるために、反射層を設けてもよい。該反射層は、例えば、金属光沢反射層、透明反射層、高輝度インキ反射層などが適用できる。
金属光沢反射層は、アルミニウム、金、銀、銅などの金属薄膜を、蒸着、スパッタリング、イオンプレーティングなどの真空薄膜法などにより設ければよい。
透明反射層は、例えば、凹凸形成層と屈折率に差のある透明金属化合物が適用でき、光回折層24よりも光の屈折率の高い薄膜、および光の屈折率の低い薄膜とがあり、前者の例としては、ZnS、TiO、Al、Sb、SiO、SnO、ITO等があり、後者の例としては、LiF、MgF、AlFがある。透明金属化合物の形成は、0.01〜0.1μm程度、好ましくは0.03〜0.08μmの厚みになるよう、蒸着、スパッタリング、イオンプレーティングなどの真空薄膜法などにより設ければよい。、
【0034】
高輝度インキ反射層は、セルロース誘導体で表面処理した金属蒸着膜細片を含有させた高輝度インキを用いて、グラビア印刷又はスクリーン印刷などの印刷法で、金属光沢の反射をする高輝度インキ反射層を設けたりしてもよい。該インキは、セルロース誘導体で表面処理した金属蒸着膜細片、バインダ、添加剤、及び溶剤からなり、必要に応じてグラビアインキ、スクリーンインキ、又はフレキソインキ化すればよい。
具体的には、セイコーアドバンス社製の鏡面インキNo2(商品名)、帝国インキ製造社製のMIR−8000(商品名)や、大日本インキ化学工業社製のファインラップスーパーメタリックインキ(商品名)などが例示できる。
また、高輝度インキ反射層は、着色したり、該着色は透明でも不透明でもよく、不透明であればパール調、パステル調の外観が得られる。さらに印刷法で、部分的、又は任意の画像としたり、微細な凹凸17と同調するように設けることで、意匠効果が高められる。
【0035】
反射層を設ける替わりに、金属光沢物を練り込んだ樹脂を射出成形樹脂としてもよく、反射層がなくとも光回折効果を向上できる。前述の射出成形樹脂に、金属光沢を付与できる、例えば、アルミニウム、銅、ニッケル、真鍮などの金属粉末、銀メッキした硝子ビーズ、アルミニウムメッキした硝子繊維、ニッケルメッキした雲母粉などを混入し、分散すればよい。
【0036】
(射出成形品)このように、射出成形品の立体面へ、微細な凹凸を賦型することができ、該射出成形品の形状としては、特に限定されず、少なくとも1部分に立体部があれば、適用できる。立体部とは二次面、三次面でもよく、波状、曲面状、多面体状、円又は角錐状、球状などがあり、これらの1、又は複数の組合わせ、若しくはランダム形状でもよい。
【0037】
【実施例】
(実施例1、含式1組成物−回折格子−VM)
<アクリル樹脂の調製>
まず、光硬化性樹脂組成物の1成分であるアクリル樹脂Aを合成する。冷却器、滴下ロート及び温度計付きの2リットル4つ口フラスコに、トルエン20g、メチルエチルケトン20gをアゾ系の開始剤とともに仕込み、2−ヒドロキシエチルメタクリレート40.0g、メチルメタクリレート19.0g、イソボルニルメタクリレート45g、トルエン20g、及びメチルエチルケトン20gの混合液を滴下ロートを経て、約2時間かけて滴下させながら100〜110℃の温度下で約8時間反応させた後、室温まで冷却した。
これに、2−イソシアネートエチルメタクリレート(昭和電工製、カレンズMOI:商品名)45.0g、トルエン20g及びメチルエチルケトン20gの混合液を加え、ラウリン酸ジブチルスズを触媒として付加反応させた。
反応生成物の赤外分光光度計(IR分析)により、2200cm−1の吸収ピークの消失を確認し、反応を終了した。得られた樹脂の分子量はポリスチレン換算で65000であった。
<光硬化性樹脂組成物1の調製>
下記の配合割合の組成物をトルエン、メチルエチルケトンを1:1の混合比で希釈して組成物の固形分を10%(コーティング時の固形分)に調製し、本発明の実施例1のホログラム形成層を形成するための光硬化性樹脂組成物1を調製した。
組成物1の配合割合は、アクリル樹脂A(固形分基準)70重量部、ウレタンアクリレート(日本合成化学工業製、紫光UV−1700B:商品名)25重量部、シリコーンオイル(信越化学工業製、KF−8012:商品名)0.5重量部、光重合開始剤(イルガキュア907:商品名、チバスペシャルティケミカルズ製)4.5重量部とした。
<凹凸形成層の形成>
裏面を帯電防止処理加工し、表面に易接着処理したPETフィルム38μの表面に乾燥塗布量5g/mになるようにロールコーティング法にて光硬化性樹脂組成物1を塗布し乾燥して、凹凸形成層を形成した。
<微細な凹凸の原版、スタンパ版、賦型フィルムの作成>
公知のレーザー干渉法により単純回折格子からなるガラス原版を作成した。該ガラス原版へNiメッキし剥離して得たスタンパ版を鉄芯シリンダーに巻き込んでエンボスロールを作成した。
上記のPETフィルム上へ形成した凹凸形成層の表面を、加熱したエンボスロールにより加圧してエンボスし、その後に、高圧水銀灯を用いて510mJ/cm(365nm)の紫外線を照射して硬化させて、表面に微細な凹凸を有する賦型フィルムを得た。
<射出成形>
上記賦型フィルムを射出成形装置の自動箔送り装置に、微細な凹凸面が成形樹脂側になるように挿入(インサート)し、スミペックスSTH−55(住友化学社製、アクリル樹脂商品名)を、溶融温度250℃、金型温度80℃の通常条件で射出成形を行った。冷却後、金型を解放し、賦型フィルムを剥離して取り出した。なお、該射出成形は成形サイクル12秒で連続的に成形した。得られた成形品は3次元形状(周囲に5mmの縁取りがあり、中央部が球面状に盛り上った直径150mmのCDプレイヤーの部材)を有しており、球面部及び縁取り部分にも賦型フィルムは追随し、アクリル樹脂表面に賦型フィルムの微細な凹凸の鏡像関係にある形状が賦型されていた。
<反射層加工>
上記の凹凸面にスパッタ法によりアルミ反射層を形成したところ、得られた回折格子は3次曲面にそって形成しており、ラベルやホットスタンプでは得られない、意匠性に優れる効果が得られた。
【0038】
(実施例2、含式1他の組成物−回折格子−高輝度インキ)
<光硬化性樹脂組成物の調製> 下記の配合割合の組成物をトルエン、メチルエチルケトンを1:1の混合比で希釈して組成物の固形分を10%(コーティング時の固形分)に調製し、本発明の実施例2の微細な凹凸形成層を形成するための感光性樹脂組成物を調製した。下記配合により光硬化性樹脂組成物2を得た。
組成物2の配合割合は、アクリル樹脂A(固形分基準)65重量部、ジペンタエリスリトールヘキサアクリレート(日本化薬製、KAYARAD−DPHA:商品名)25重量部、ウレタンアクリレート(日本合成化学工業製、紫光UV−1700B:商品名)5重量部、シリコーンオイル(信越化学工業製、X−21−3056:商品名)0.5重量部、光重合開始剤(イルガキュア907:商品名、チバスペシャルティケミカルズ製)4.5重量部とした。
<凹凸形成層の形成>
裏面を帯電防止処理加工し、表面に易接着処理したPETフィルム38μの表面に乾燥塗布量5g/mになるようにグラビアリバースコーティング法にて光硬化性樹脂組成物2を塗布し乾燥して、凹凸形成層を形成した。
<微細な凹凸の原版、スタンパ版、賦型フィルムの作成>、及び<射出成形>は、実施例1と同様にして、3次元形状の成形品を得、アクリル樹脂表面に賦型フィルムの微細な凹凸の鏡像関係にある形状が賦型されていた。
<反射層加工>
上記微細な凹凸面に、アルミ粉を顔料とする高輝度インキとして鏡面インキNo2(セイコーアドバンス社製、高輝度インキ商品名)を用いて、公知のスクリーン印刷法でロゴ名を印刷をしたところ、上記で得られた回折格子は2次曲面形状を形成しており、高輝度インキの印刷部分が回折するロゴが得られた。ラベルやホットスタンプでは得られない、意匠性に優れる効果が得られた。
【0039】
(実施例3、EB回折格子)
レーザー干渉法により回折格子の代わりに、研磨を施したソーダガラス板へ電子線レジスト1μm塗布してレジスト原版とし、電子線描画法で凹凸の高さが0.2μm、ピッチが1.5μmの細条溝からなる回折格子画素を、該回折格子の回折方向がランダムに変化するように、隣接して設けた画素群とした以外は、実施例1と同様にした。得られた回折格子画素群は3次曲面にそって形成しており、ラベルやホットスタンプでは得られない、意匠性に優れる効果が得られた。
【0040】
(実施例4、ホロ)
回折格子の代わりに、公知のレーザ光の2光束法を用いて作ったレリーフホログラムを用いた以外は、実施例2と同様にした。得られたレリーフホログラムは3次曲面にそって形成しており、ラベルやホットスタンプでは得られない、意匠性に優れる効果が得られた。
【0041】
(実施例5、別組成物−ポッティング2P−VM)
<光硬化性樹脂組成物3の調製>
紫光UV−7500B(日本合成化学社製、ウレタンアクリレート商品名)35重量部、1,6ヘキサンジオールジアクリレート35重量部、ジペンタエリスリトールトリアクリレート10重量部、ビニルピロリドン15重量部、1ヒドロキシシクロヘキシルフェニルケトン2重量部、光開始剤(ベンゾフェノン2重量部、TSF4440(GE東芝シリコーン社製、離型剤商品名)1重量部とを混合して光硬化性樹脂組成物3を調製した。
<微細な凹凸の原版、スタンパ版(ホログラム樹脂版)、凹凸形成層及び賦型フィルムの作成>
公知のレーザー干渉法によりレリーフホログラムのガラス原版を作成した。該ガラス原版から公知の2P法でホログラム樹脂版を作成した。該ホログラム樹脂版のホログラム(微細な凹凸)面に、上記光硬化性組成物3の液を滴下し、該液面に、基材フィルムとして厚さが0.2mmのポリカーボネートを重ね合わせた後、高圧水銀灯を用いて波長365nmの紫外線を510mJ/cm照射して硬化させて、賦型フィルムを得た。該賦型フィルムの製造方法は、当業者がポッティング2P法と呼ぶもので、凹凸形成層の層形成と微細な凹凸の形成とが同時に行われる。詳しくは、本出願人が特開平02−203444号公報で開示している。また、この操作を間歇的に行うことで、長尺フィルムにもできる。
<射出成形>
射出成形は、上記のポリカーボネート基材フィルム/凹凸形成層からなる賦型フィルムを用いる以外は、実施例1と同様にして、3次元形状の成形品を得、アクリル樹脂表面に賦型フィルムの微細な凹凸の鏡像関係にある形状が賦型されていた。
<反射層加工>
上記の凹凸面にスパッタ法によりアルミ反射層を形成したところ、得られた射出成形品には、その3次曲面にそってホログラムが形成されており、ラベルやホットスタンプでは得られない、意匠性に優れる効果が得られた。
【0042】
(実施例6、別組成物−ポッティング−高輝度インキ)
光硬化性樹脂組成物として下記の光硬化性樹脂組成物4を用い、反射層として下記の高輝度インキをシルク印刷する以外は、実施例5と同様にした。
光硬化性樹脂組成物4としては、紫光UV−7500B(日本合成化学社製、ウレタンアクリレート商品名)35重量部、1,6ヘキサンジオールジアクリレート30重量部、ジペンタエリスリトールトリアクリレート15重量部、ビニルピロリドン15重量部、ヒドロキシシクロヘキシルフェニルケトン2重量部、重合開始剤(ベンゾフェノン)2重量部、TSF4440(GE東芝シリコーン社製、離型剤商品名)1重量部を配合混合した。
反射層としては、ファインラップスーパーメタリックシルバーインキ(大日本インキ化学工業社製、高輝度インキ商品名)100質量部に対して、CVLハードナー(大日本インキ化学工業社製、硬化剤商品名)5質量部、及び透明黄色染料を0.5質量部を添加した高輝度インキを用いて、公知のシルク印刷法で、乾燥後の厚さが2μmになるように印刷し乾燥して、所望の絵柄を有する着色高輝度インキ反射層を形成した。
このようにして得られたホログラムは、射出成形品の立体面に形成されており、シワや欠けもなく、高輝度インキの印刷部分は略金色の明るいホログラムが得られた。ラベルやホットスタンプでは得られない、意匠性に優れる効果が得られた。
【0043】
(実施例7、透明ホロ)
反射層として硫化亜鉛を用いる以外は、実施例5と同様にしたところ、得られた射出成形品には、その3次曲面にそって透明ホログラムが形成されており、ラベルやホットスタンプでは得られない、意匠性に優れる効果が得られた。
【0044】
(実施例8、反射性樹脂を射出)
射出樹脂としてニッケルメッキ雲母5質量%を含有させたアクリル樹脂を用い、反射層を設けない以外は、実施例5と同様にしたところ、得られた射出成形品には、その3次曲面にそってホログラムが形成されており、ラベルやホットスタンプでは得られない、意匠性に優れる効果が得られた。
【0045】
【発明の効果】
射出成形は、通常の射出条件で射出することで、射出成形と同時に微細な凹凸が賦型できるので、工程が増加せず安価に、短時間で成形品を作成できる。
また、微細な凹凸形状は賦型フィルムを差し替えることでよく、金型を専用とすることがない。高価な金型本体は共通で使用することができる。
Niスタンパ版が不要で、その煩雑な製造工程、及びメッキの排水処理が要らない。三次元の立体部分へ、容易に賦型することができるので、立体面の意匠性をより高められる。また、光学機能を付与することができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の賦型フィルムの断面図である。
【図2】本発明の賦型方法の1実施例を示すフロー図である。
【符号の説明】
1 賦型フィルム
11 基材
13 プライマ層
15 凹凸形成層
17 微細な凹凸
[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a shaping method for shaping fine irregularities on a three-dimensional surface, and more specifically, by inserting a shaping film into an injection molding die and performing injection molding, to a three-dimensional surface of an injection molded product. The present invention relates to a shaping film, a shaping method, and an injection-molded product capable of shaping fine irregularities of a shaping film.
[0002]
[Prior art]
(Background of Technology) Molded articles obtained by injection molding are used for many items such as equipment main bodies such as daily necessities and daily necessities, containers for foods and various articles, and housings for electronic devices and office supplies. In order to enhance the design, the surface of the molded product after molding is painted by printing or transfer, and at the time of injection molding, a printing film or hologram transfer film is inserted into the mold, At the same time, painting and hologram transfer are performed.
In order to further enhance the design, it is required to form fine irregularities such as holograms on the three-dimensional portion of a molded product. However, the shaping is limited to a flat surface or a curved surface in one direction. In the three-dimensional part, the molding film was stretched due to the flow of the molten injection-molded resin, and wrinkles and tears occurred, and molding was not possible.
Therefore, in order to obtain an injection-molded product in which fine irregularities are formed on the three-dimensional surface, the flat molding film is stretched along the three-dimensional surface without wrinkling or breaking during injection molding under normal injection conditions. Thus, there is a need for a molding film and a molding method capable of molding fine irregularities of the molding film simultaneously with injection molding. In addition, it is required that a conventional Ni stamper for injection molding, which requires a complicated manufacturing process and plating drainage treatment, is unnecessary, and that a mold body can be commonly used instead of a dedicated mold having fine irregularities. Have been.
[0003]
(Prior art) Conventionally, a hologram (fine irregularities on the surface) is formed on a molded product by placing a hologram image forming stamper plate in a mold and performing injection molding to form a hologram image on the surface of the stamper plate. There is known a method of forming fine irregularities on the surface of a molded product (for example, see Patent Document 1). However, there is a problem that the surface that can be shaped is limited to a flat surface.
The present applicant also discloses a method in which a metal or resin stamper plate is placed in a mold and molded to form fine irregularities on the surface of the stamper plate on the surface of a molded product ( For example, see Patent Documents 2 and 3.) However, there is a problem that a metal or resin stamper plate must be subjected to a difficult mounting process on a cemented carbide die, and the die becomes a dedicated die only for the molded product. In addition, a resin stamper plate having low durability has a disadvantage in that the shape of the unevenness is deformed by a plurality of injection moldings so that mass production cannot be performed.
Furthermore, neither of the above methods can form a three-dimensional surface, and neither describes nor suggests a method of forming fine irregularities on a three-dimensional surface of an injection molded product.
[0004]
[Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 62-146624
[Patent Document 2] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 02-309385
[Patent Document 3] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 04-11269
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Therefore, the present invention has been made to solve such a problem. The purpose is to insert a molding film into a mold and perform injection molding, on a three-dimensional surface of an injection molded product, a molding film capable of molding fine irregularities of the molding film, a molding method, And to provide an injection-molded product molded on a three-dimensional surface.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, a molding method according to the invention of claim 1 is a molding method for molding fine irregularities on at least a part of a surface of an injection-molded article, wherein (a) fine irregularities are formed. (B) a step of preparing a stamper plate for forming fine irregularities from the original plate; and (c) a resin in which fine irregularities on the surface are duplicated using the stamper plate. (D) inserting the molding film into an injection molding die, and (e) injecting a resin into the injection molding die and bringing the resin into close contact therewith. Injection molding comprising: a step of forming fine irregularities of the molding film on the surface of the resin; and (f) a step of releasing the mold after cooling, removing the molding film, and taking out a molded product. According to the invention of claim 2, fine irregularities are formed on the three-dimensional surface of the product. The shaping method is a step of preparing a shaping film, in which a fine unevenness is continuously or intermittently provided to form a long shaping film, and a step of inserting the shaping film into an injection molding die. The injection molding is performed continuously by intermittently inserting the molding film in each molding cycle. According to the present invention, injection molding can be performed under normal injection conditions, and fine irregularities can be formed at the same time as the injection molding. A shaping method is provided.
According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a shaping film for shaping fine irregularities on a three-dimensional surface used in the shaping method according to any one of the first to second aspects. A material and a concavo-convex forming layer, the surface of the concavo-convex forming layer has fine irregularities, and an acrylate oligomer selected from urethane acrylate, polyester acrylate, epoxy acrylate, polyether acrylate, and a release agent. As in the case of a cured product of the photocurable resin composition contained as an essential component, and in the shape-imparting film according to the invention of claim 4, the unevenness forming layer is formed of urethane acrylate, polyester acrylate, epoxy acrylate, or polyether. An acrylate oligomer selected from acrylates, an acrylic resin, and a release agent are essential components. The shaped film according to claim 5, wherein the acrylic resin is a urethane having a structural formula represented by the following general formula (1). It is a modified acrylic resin. According to the present invention, a dedicated injection molding mold is not required, and an expensive mold body can be used in common. By inserting a shaping film, fine irregularities are formed on a three-dimensional three-dimensional part. Provided is a shaping film whose shape can be easily shaped.
The injection-molded article according to the invention of claim 6 uses the molding film according to any one of claims 3 to 5 and the injection molding method according to any one of claims 1 to 2 at the same time as injection molding. An injection-molded article according to the invention of claim 7, wherein fine irregularities are formed on a three-dimensional surface, and the fine irregularities are holograms, diffraction gratings, and moth-eye structure irregularities. It is. ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the design property of a three-dimensional surface is further improved, and the injection molded article shape | molded to the three-dimensional surface which can also provide an optical function is provided.
[0007]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
(Points of the invention)
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of the shaping film of the present invention.
The shaping film 1 of the present invention includes at least the substrate 11 and the unevenness forming layer 15, and fine unevennesses 17 are formed on the surface of the unevenness forming layer 15. When a conventional resin stamper plate is inserted into an injection molding die and insert injection-molded, molding can be performed on a flat surface without any problem. However, on the three-dimensional surface portion, the resin stamper plate is unable to follow due to the stretching force caused by the three-dimensional surface, and wrinkles are generated or torn.
However, if the shaping film 1 of the present invention having a concavo-convex forming layer made of a specific resin described later is used, even in a three-dimensional surface portion, the shaping film 1 follows and does not have wrinkles or tears, and a three-dimensional injection molded product can be obtained. The fine irregularities 17 can be easily transferred and shaped into the three-dimensional portion.
[0008]
The design of the injection-molded article on which the fine irregularities 17 are formed is further enhanced, and the fine irregularities 17 exhibit an optical function, so that an optical function can also be provided.
Further, a nickel stamper plate to be mounted on an injection mold is not required, and a complicated manufacturing process and a drainage treatment for plating are not required.
Furthermore, the shape of the fine irregularities 17 can be changed by replacing the imprint film, and the mold is not dedicated. Expensive mold bodies can be used in common.
In the injection molding, fine irregularities 17 can be formed at the same time as the injection molding by injecting under ordinary injection conditions, so that an injection molded product can be produced inexpensively in a short time without increasing the number of steps.
Although the step of forming the shaping film 1 is required, it has been found that the above-mentioned effects are provided which are more than compensated for, thereby leading to the present invention.
[0009]
(Method)
FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing one embodiment of the shaping method of the present invention.
The shaping method of the present invention includes (a) a step of preparing a master having fine irregularities (step 101) and (b) a step of forming a stamper plate for forming fine irregularities from the original (step 102). And (c) a step (step 103) of using the stamper plate to form a resin molding film in which fine irregularities on the surface are duplicated, and (d) an injection molding die. (E) inserting a resin into the injection mold and bringing the resin into close contact therewith to form fine irregularities of the molding film on the surface of the resin (step 104). 105), (f) releasing the mold after cooling, peeling off the molding film and taking out the molded product (Step 106), and providing a reflection layer as necessary (Step 107). And three-dimensional surface with fine irregularities The molded product out is obtained. The steps will be described in detail, including the materials used.
[0010]
(Step 101) (a) Step of preparing an original plate having fine irregularities
First, an original having fine irregularities 17 is prepared, and the original may be a known one. It is preferable that the fine irregularities 17 exhibit functions such as light diffusion, antireflection, antiglare, and light diffraction. For example, those having a Fourier transform, a lenticular lens, a light diffraction pattern, and a moth eye are formed. Moreover, although it does not have a light diffraction function, it may be a line-shaped unevenness or an interference pattern that expresses unique glitter.
As the light diffraction uneven pattern, a hologram or a diffraction grating in which interference fringes due to interference between object light and reference light are recorded in an uneven pattern can be applied. Examples of the hologram include a laser reproduction hologram such as a Fresnel hologram, a white light reproduction hologram such as a rainbow hologram, a color hologram utilizing those principles, a computer generated hologram (CGH), and a holographic diffraction grating.
[0011]
As the diffraction grating, there is a holographic diffraction grating using hologram recording means. In addition, an arbitrary diffraction light can be obtained based on a calculation by mechanically creating a diffraction grating using an electron beam lithography apparatus or the like. Diffraction gratings that can be used. Further, a mechanical cutting method may be used. These holograms and / or diffraction gratings may be recorded singly or multiplexed, or may be recorded in combination.
These original plates can be prepared by known materials and methods. Usually, laser beam interference method using a glass plate coated with a photosensitive material, electron beam lithography on a glass plate coated with an electron beam resist material, mechanical A cutting method or the like can be applied.
[0012]
(Step 102) (b) a step of forming a stamper plate for forming fine irregularities from the original plate
Next, a stamper plate (also referred to as a duplicate plate material) is prepared by using the original plate having the fine irregularities obtained above. Using the original, one to a plurality of (odd) duplications are repeated to create a stamper. The concave / convex shape of the stamper is selected to be a concave / convex pattern having a mirror image relationship (also referred to as a female type or a negative type) with the concave / convex pattern of the original by selecting the number of times of duplication. Some diffraction gratings may be either a negative type or a positive type. As the stamper, a metal stamper plate by plating or a resin stamper plate can be applied.
The metal stamper plate is formed by depositing gold, Ni, or the like on the surface of the original plate, forming a nickel plating layer having a thickness of about 100 μm to 5 mm, preferably 300 μm to 3 mm on the electrode, and then peeling off the nickel layer to form a stamper. Version. As for the resin stamper plate, the resin plate itself by the 2P method before plating may be used as the resin stamper plate. Known materials and methods can be applied to the Ni plating and the 2P method.
[0013]
(Step 103) (c) a step of using the stamper plate to form a resin molding film in which fine irregularities on the surface are duplicated
First, the material of the unevenness forming layer 15 will be described. The material of the unevenness forming layer 15 needs to be capable of replicating fine unevenness, heat resistance and deformation resistance to withstand injection molding, and releasability. In the present invention, the material is stretched in the three-dimensional part of the three-dimensional injection molded product. The one that has the followability is applied. As the material of the unevenness forming layer 15, the following cured product of the photocurable resin composition is applied.
[0014]
As the photocurable resin composition, a mold release agent and an acrylate aligonomer are essential components, and the acrylate aligonomer is selected from urethane acrylate, polyester acrylate, epoxy acrylate, and polyether acrylate. A resin to which an acrylic resin is added, and a resin in which the acrylic resin is specified as a urethane-modified acrylic resin represented by the general formula (1) are used.
In the formula, Z represents a bulky cyclic structure group, and six R 1 Each independently represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group; 2 Is C 1 ~ C 16 And X and Y each represent a linear or branched alkylene group. When the total of l (ell), m, n, o (o), and p is 100, 1 is 0 to 90, m is 0 to 80, n is 0 to 50, o + p is 10 to 80, and p is It is an integer of 0 to 40.
[0015]
The release agent can be used for imparting releasability from a stamper when forming irregularities. Known waxes, surfactants, fluorine-based release agents, silicone-based release agents and the like are used, and among them, silicone-based release agents are preferably used.
[0016]
The oligomer is an acrylate oligomer having a reactive functional group, such as urethane acrylate, epoxy acrylate, polyester acrylate, and polyether acrylate.
The oligomer having a reactive functional group generally refers to an oligomer having an acryloyl group or a methacryloyl group, but also includes a high molecular weight type having a molecular weight of about 30,000 or more. Oligomers can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
[0017]
Among oligomers having a reactive functional group, urethane acrylate is preferably used because it has excellent replicability of fine irregularities. Among them, those having two or more reactive functional groups in the molecule are preferable, and three or more are more preferable. Examples of the urethane acrylate include a reaction product of a polyisocyanate, a polyol, and hydroxy (meth) acrylate, and a reaction product of a polyisocyanate, and hydroxy (meth) acrylate. Further, urethane acrylate, which is a reaction product of an isocyanate compound having a melting point of 40 ° C. or higher and a (meth) acrylic compound capable of reacting with a (meth) acryloyl group, disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2001-329031 by the present applicant. In particular, urethane acrylate in which the isocyanate is a trimer of isophorone diisocyanate is preferable in view of the reproducibility of fine irregularities, heat resistance against injection molding, and deformation resistance.
[0018]
When the unevenness forming layer is formed by the embossing method, a polymer such as an acrylic resin is added to the photocurable resin composition for the purpose of imparting a film forming property for coating and replicating fine unevenness. As the polymer, one or a plurality of polymers such as an acrylic resin, a polyester resin, an epoxy resin, a urethane resin, a polycarbonate resin, a polyimide resin, and a polyolefin can be used. Acrylic resins are preferred in terms of compatibility with the acrylate oligomer. The acrylic resin is obtained by polymerizing a monomer having a double bond such as an acryl group, a methacryl group, and a vinyl group.
[0019]
By introducing a reactive functional group into the acrylic resin, heat resistance and deformation resistance of the injection molding can be further provided. The reactive functional group is introduced into the acrylic resin by urethane modification, epoxy modification, or the like, and is more preferably a urethane modified acrylic resin represented by the general formula (1).
In the formula, six Rs 1 Each independently represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group; 2 Is C 1 ~ C 16 And X and Y each represent a linear or branched alkylene group. When the total of l (ell), m, n, o (o), and p is 100, 1 is 0 to 90, m is 0 to 80, n is 0 to 50, o + p is 10 to 80, and p is It is an integer of 0 to 40. Z represents a group having a bulky cyclic structure, and examples of a monomer for introducing the bulky cyclic structure include cyclohexyl (meth) acrylate, dicyclopentanyl (meth) acrylate, dicyclopentenyl (meth) acrylate, and benzyl. (Meth) acrylate, acryloyl morpholine, adamantyl (meth) acrylate, styrene, vinylpyrrolidone, vinylcaprolactone, isobornyl (meth) acrylate, and the like.
[0020]
Further, a monomer having a reactive functional group may be added to the photocurable resin composition for the purpose of lowering the viscosity of the unevenness forming layer or increasing the degree of crosslinking to improve heat resistance. In particular, when the unevenness forming layer is formed by the potting method, it is preferable to add these monomers instead of adding the polymer. As the monomer having a reactive functional group, a monofunctional, difunctional, or trifunctional or higher functional monomer can be used, and if necessary, a combination of two or more types may be used. Monofunctional ones include N-vinylpyrrolidone, 2-ethylhexyl (meth) acrylate, cyclohexyl (meth) acrylate, isobornyl (meth) acrylate, and bifunctional ones such as 1,6-hexanediol diacrylate and neopentyl glycol diacrylate , Polyethylene glycol diacrylate, trifunctional or more, trimethylolpropane triacrylate, pentaerythritol triacrylate, pentaerythritol tetraacrylate, dipentaerythritol pentaacrylate, dipentaerythritol hexaacrylate, and the like.
[0021]
The above photocurable resin composition is embossed with a stamper plate as described later, and during or after the replication of the fine irregularities 17, polymerization and curing are performed by irradiation with ionizing radiation such as ultraviolet rays. Add initiator. Any known polymerization initiator can be used. For example, benzoin compounds such as benzoin, anthraquinone compounds such as anthraquinone and methylanthraquinone, phenylketone compounds such as benzophenone and acetophenone, and the like, and products such as Irgacure 184, Irgacure 907, and Irgacure 369 manufactured by Ciba Specialty Chemicals. However, when an electron beam is used as ionizing radiation, no polymerization initiator is required.
[0022]
Further, the photocurable resin composition, if necessary, in addition to the above components, a polymerization inhibitor, a viscosity modifier, a surfactant, an antifoaming agent, an organic metal coupling agent, an inorganic filler, styrene A polymer such as butadiene rubber can be added.
[0023]
As a method for replicating fine irregularities on the surface of the irregularity forming layer 15, a known embossing method and a known potting method can be applied.
In the embossing method, first, a primer layer 13 is provided on a base material 11 as necessary, and a known gravure printing method and roll coating are performed using an ink obtained by dissolving or dispersing the resin of the unevenness forming layer in a solvent. The unevenness-forming layer 15 is formed by applying a coating method such as a three-roll reverse roll coating method or the like so that the thickness after drying becomes 0.2 to 10 μm and drying. The surface of the concavo-convex formation layer 15 is embossed by heating or pressurizing the above-mentioned metal or resin stamper plate without heating or heating, and then irradiating with ionizing radiation after replicating the fine irregularities 17, or during embossing. By exposing the stamper plate after irradiation with ionizing radiation, the fine irregularities 17 are reproduced. As described above, the fine irregularities 17 are duplicated on the surface of the irregularity forming layer 15 to form the shaped film 1 of the present invention.
[0024]
The potting method is a known dispensing method using a composition obtained by diluting the resin of the above-described unevenness forming layer as it is or with a reactive monomer onto the fine unevenness 17 of a metal or resin stamper plate. After the composition is pressurized to have a thickness of 0.2 to 10 μm so as to have a substantially uniform thickness so that bubbles are not mixed by overlapping the substrate 11 and irradiating with ionizing radiation, Then, the stamper plate is peeled off to copy the fine irregularities 17. As described above, the fine irregularities 17 are duplicated on the surface of the irregularity forming layer 15 to form the shaped film 1 of the present invention. This operation may be performed continuously for a long time, and the details are disclosed by the present applicant in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 02-203444.
[0025]
Any of the above-mentioned shaping films 1 comprises at least a substrate 11 and a concavo-convex formation layer 15, and forms a primer layer 13 and a concavo-convex formation between the base 11 and the concavo-convex formation layer 15 as necessary. A protective layer, a release layer, or the like may be provided on the side opposite to the layer 15. As the primer layer 13, the protective layer, the release layer, and the like, those known to those skilled in the art can be applied.
As the base material 11, a material having heat resistance and deformation resistance enough to withstand injection molding and being stretched in a three-dimensional portion of a three-dimensional injection molded product in the present invention is used. For example, polyester resins such as polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate and polyethylene naphthalate; polyolefin resins such as polymethylpentene and cyclic polyolefin resins; and acrylics such as polyacrylate, polymethacrylate and polymethylmethacrylate. Base resin, polycarbonate and the like can be applied. The thickness of the substrate 11 is not particularly limited, and is about 4 to 500 μm, preferably 6 to 300 μm, and in the case of a long continuous supply, about 4 to 200 μm, preferably 6 to 100 μm. is there.
[0026]
In addition, an elongation percentage (JIS Z1702) indicating the stretch following property of the shaped film is about 1 to 100%, preferably 1 to 5%.
If it exceeds this range, the shaping film will be deformed and the shaping accuracy of fine irregularities will be reduced, and the design effect due to diffraction on the surface will be lost. If it is less than this range, the film is stretched in the three-dimensional portion and the film is likely to be wrinkled or torn.
[0027]
(Step 104) (d) a step of inserting the shaping film into an injection mold
The shaping film 1 is inserted into the mold for injection molding so that the injection resin contacts the fine uneven surface. The insertion method is not particularly limited, but a known automatic foil feeding device used for a usual injection molding device can be exemplified. The automatic foil feeding device includes a paper feeding unit for supplying a shaping film, a driving unit for feeding a fixed amount, guide rolls, a paper discharging unit for winding up a film discharged after shaping, and a shaping film that runs intermittently. It has a control unit for keeping the tension constant, a sensor if necessary, and a control unit therefor.
[0028]
When the pattern of the fine irregularities 17 is an endless or random pattern, a desired fixed amount may be sent. When isolated patterns are imposed at regular intervals, a register mark may be provided for each pattern, the register mark may be captured by a sensor, and a desired amount may be sent. The register mark may be provided with irregularities together when creating an original plate or a stamper plate with the fine irregularities 17, and separately corresponding to the fine irregularities 17 by a printing method such as gravure printing or screen printing. It may be provided.
[0029]
(Step 105) (e) a step of forming fine irregularities of a forming film on the surface of the resin by injecting a resin into the injection mold and bringing the resin into close contact therewith.
The injection mold into which the molding film 1 is inserted is closed, and the molten resin is injected into the mold by a known injection molding method. The molten resin flows and fills the mold, and adheres to the fine irregularities 17 of the molding film inserted into the mold by the injection pressure. When the mold is cooled, the injection resin is solidified, and fine irregularities 17 are formed on the surface. Further, after the injection molding, injection compression molding in which pressure is further applied is more preferable.
In addition, in addition to the fine irregularities 17 parts, auxiliary parts such as flanges, fitting protrusions, notches, holes and the like used for assembling to equipment may be simultaneously formed on the injection molded product, Is also good.
Furthermore, if the shaping film 1 on which the different fine irregularities 17 are formed is formed and inserted, another different fine irregularities 17 can be formed by the same injection mold. A plurality of fine irregularities 17 can be formed by using an expensive injection molding die in common, and mass production can be performed at lower cost.
[0030]
As the resin used in the injection molding method, various materials can be applied according to a desired use. For example, polyester resins such as polyethylene terephthalate, polyolefin resins such as polyethylene, polypropylene, polymethylpentene and cyclic polyolefin resins, acrylic resins such as polyacrylate, polymethacrylate and polymethyl methacrylate, engineering resins, polycarbonate And a styrene-based resin such as an AS resin or an ABS resin, or a copolymer thereof, or a single or a mixture thereof. Preferably, it is an acrylic resin, a polycarbonate resin, a cyclic polyolefin resin, or the like having excellent optical properties, and more preferably, an acrylic resin or a polycarbonate resin.
[0031]
As conditions for injection molding, since there are few restrictions such as temperature and pressure associated with shaping, molding can be performed under ordinary conditions.
Further, by using the shaping film 1 of the present invention, the shaping film can be stretched and followed even on the three-dimensional surface of the injection molded product. The fine irregularities 17 can be accurately shaped.
[0032]
(Step 106) (f) Step of releasing the mold after cooling, peeling off the molding film and taking out the molded product
After injection molding and cooling of the injection mold, the injection mold is released, and the molding film is peeled and taken out to obtain an injection molded product in which fine irregularities 17 are molded on a three-dimensional surface. .
Further, the shaping film is provided as a long shaping film by providing fine irregularities 17 continuously or intermittently, and the shaping film is inserted into an injection molding die intermittently at each molding cycle. By inserting, insertion-injection molding-removal can be performed continuously. Since a fresh shaping film is inserted next, the fine irregularities 17 to be shaped can be continuously mass-produced without deformation or deterioration.
[0033]
(Step 107) (g) Step of Providing Reflective Layer If Necessary
A reflection layer may be provided on the fine irregularities 17 formed on the injection molded product in order to enhance the optical function. As the reflective layer, for example, a metallic glossy reflective layer, a transparent reflective layer, a high-brightness ink reflective layer, and the like can be applied.
The metallic glossy reflection layer may be formed by forming a metal thin film of aluminum, gold, silver, copper, or the like by a vacuum thin film method such as evaporation, sputtering, or ion plating.
As the transparent reflection layer, for example, a transparent metal compound having a difference in refractive index from the concavo-convex forming layer can be applied, and there are a thin film having a higher refractive index of light than the light diffraction layer 24 and a thin film having a lower refractive index of light. Examples of the former are ZnS, TiO 2 , Al 2 O 3 , Sb 2 S 3 , SiO, SnO 2 , ITO, and the like. Examples of the latter include LiF, MgF 2 , AlF 3 There is. The transparent metal compound may be formed to a thickness of about 0.01 to 0.1 μm, preferably 0.03 to 0.08 μm by a vacuum thin film method such as vapor deposition, sputtering, or ion plating. ,
[0034]
The high-brightness ink reflection layer uses a high-brightness ink containing metal-deposited film strips surface-treated with a cellulose derivative, and reflects a high-brightness ink by a printing method such as gravure printing or screen printing. A layer may be provided. The ink is composed of metal-deposited film flakes surface-treated with a cellulose derivative, a binder, an additive, and a solvent, and may be formed into a gravure ink, a screen ink, or a flexo ink as needed.
Specifically, mirror surface ink No. 2 (trade name) manufactured by Seiko Advance Co., Ltd., MIR-8000 (trade name) manufactured by Teikoku Ink Mfg. Co., Ltd., and Fine Wrap Super Metallic Ink (trade name) manufactured by Dainippon Ink and Chemicals, Inc. And the like.
The high-brightness ink reflection layer may be colored, or the coloring may be transparent or opaque. If it is opaque, a pearl or pastel appearance can be obtained. Further, by forming a partial or arbitrary image by a printing method or providing the image so as to be synchronized with the fine unevenness 17, the design effect can be enhanced.
[0035]
Instead of providing the reflective layer, a resin in which a metallic luster is kneaded may be used as the injection molded resin, and the light diffraction effect can be improved without the reflective layer. The above-mentioned injection molding resin can be provided with a metallic luster, for example, by mixing metal powder such as aluminum, copper, nickel, brass, silver-plated glass beads, aluminum-plated glass fiber, nickel-plated mica powder, and the like, and dispersed. do it.
[0036]
(Injection molded article) As described above, fine irregularities can be formed on the three-dimensional surface of the injection molded article. The shape of the injection molded article is not particularly limited, and at least one part has a three-dimensional part. If applicable. The three-dimensional part may be a secondary surface or a tertiary surface, and includes a wavy shape, a curved shape, a polyhedral shape, a circle or a pyramid shape, a spherical shape, and the like, one or a combination of a plurality of them, or a random shape.
[0037]
【Example】
(Example 1, Formula 1 composition-diffraction grating-VM)
<Preparation of acrylic resin>
First, an acrylic resin A, which is one component of the photocurable resin composition, is synthesized. In a 2 liter four-necked flask equipped with a condenser, a dropping funnel and a thermometer, 20 g of toluene and 20 g of methyl ethyl ketone were charged together with an azo-based initiator, and 40.0 g of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate, 19.0 g of methyl methacrylate, and isobornyl were used. A mixture of 45 g of methacrylate, 20 g of toluene, and 20 g of methyl ethyl ketone was allowed to react at a temperature of 100 to 110 ° C. for about 8 hours while being dropped over about 2 hours via a dropping funnel, and then cooled to room temperature.
To this was added a mixed solution of 45.0 g of 2-isocyanateethyl methacrylate (manufactured by Showa Denko, Karenz MOI: trade name), 20 g of toluene and 20 g of methyl ethyl ketone, and an addition reaction was carried out using dibutyltin laurate as a catalyst.
According to an infrared spectrophotometer (IR analysis) of the reaction product, 2200 cm -1 The disappearance of the absorption peak was confirmed, and the reaction was terminated. The molecular weight of the obtained resin was 65,000 in terms of polystyrene.
<Preparation of photocurable resin composition 1>
The composition having the following mixing ratio was diluted with toluene and methyl ethyl ketone at a mixing ratio of 1: 1 to adjust the solid content of the composition to 10% (solid content at the time of coating), and formed the hologram of Example 1 of the present invention. Photocurable resin composition 1 for forming a layer was prepared.
The composition ratio of the composition 1 is 70 parts by weight of acrylic resin A (based on solid content), 25 parts by weight of urethane acrylate (manufactured by Nippon Synthetic Chemical Industry, Shikko UV-1700B: trade name), and silicone oil (manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd., KF -8012: 0.5 parts by weight) and 4.5 parts by weight of a photopolymerization initiator (Irgacure 907: trade name, manufactured by Ciba Specialty Chemicals).
<Formation of unevenness forming layer>
Dry coating amount 5g / m on the surface of PET film 38μ with anti-static treatment on the back and easy adhesion on the surface 2 The photocurable resin composition 1 was applied by a roll coating method and dried to form an unevenness forming layer.
<Preparation of original plate, stamper plate and imprint film with fine irregularities>
A glass master comprising a simple diffraction grating was prepared by a known laser interference method. A stamper plate obtained by Ni plating and peeling the glass plate was wound around an iron core cylinder to form an embossing roll.
The surface of the concavo-convex forming layer formed on the PET film is embossed by pressing with a heated embossing roll, and then 510 mJ / cm using a high-pressure mercury lamp. 2 (365 nm) UV light was applied for curing to obtain a shaped film having fine irregularities on the surface.
<Injection molding>
The molding film is inserted (inserted) into an automatic foil feeding device of an injection molding device such that a fine uneven surface is on a molding resin side, and SUMIPEX STH-55 (manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd., acrylic resin product name) is used. Injection molding was performed under the usual conditions of a melting temperature of 250 ° C. and a mold temperature of 80 ° C. After cooling, the mold was released, and the molded film was peeled and taken out. The injection molding was performed continuously in a molding cycle of 12 seconds. The obtained molded product has a three-dimensional shape (a member of a CD player having a diameter of 150 mm with a rim of 5 mm around the periphery and a swelling at the center in a spherical shape). The mold film followed, and a shape having a mirror image relationship of fine irregularities of the mold film was formed on the acrylic resin surface.
<Reflective layer processing>
When an aluminum reflective layer was formed on the uneven surface by a sputtering method, the obtained diffraction grating was formed along a cubic curved surface, and an effect excellent in design, which could not be obtained with a label or a hot stamp, was obtained. Was.
[0038]
(Example 2, Formula 1 Other Composition-Diffraction Grating-High Brightness Ink)
<Preparation of Photocurable Resin Composition> The solid content of the composition was adjusted to 10% (solid content at the time of coating) by diluting the composition having the following mixing ratio with a mixture ratio of toluene and methyl ethyl ketone of 1: 1. Then, a photosensitive resin composition for forming a fine unevenness forming layer of Example 2 of the present invention was prepared. Photocurable resin composition 2 was obtained by the following composition.
The composition ratio of the composition 2 is 65 parts by weight of an acrylic resin A (based on solid content), 25 parts by weight of dipentaerythritol hexaacrylate (manufactured by Nippon Kayaku, KAYARAD-DPHA: trade name), and urethane acrylate (manufactured by Nippon Synthetic Chemical Industry). 5 parts by weight, Shikko UV-1700B: trade name), 0.5 parts by weight of silicone oil (manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd., X-21-3056: trade name), photopolymerization initiator (Irgacure 907: trade name, Ciba Specialty Chemicals) 4.5 parts by weight.
<Formation of unevenness forming layer>
Dry coating amount 5g / m on the surface of PET film 38μ with anti-static treatment on the back and easy adhesion on the surface 2 The photocurable resin composition 2 was applied by a gravure reverse coating method and dried to form a concavo-convex formation layer.
<Preparation of fine irregularities of original plate, stamper plate, imprint film> and <injection molding> were performed in the same manner as in Example 1 to obtain a three-dimensional molded product, and the fine imprint of the imprint film was formed on the acrylic resin surface. A shape having a mirror image relationship of irregularities was formed.
<Reflective layer processing>
A logo was printed on the fine uneven surface by a known screen printing method using mirror-surface ink No. 2 (manufactured by Seiko Advance Co., Ltd., high-brightness ink) as a high-brightness ink using aluminum powder as a pigment. The diffraction grating obtained above had a quadratic curved surface shape, and a logo in which the printed portion of the high-intensity ink diffracted was obtained. The effect which was not obtained with a label or a hot stamp and which was excellent in design property was obtained.
[0039]
(Example 3, EB diffraction grating)
Instead of a diffraction grating by a laser interference method, an electron beam resist is applied to a polished soda glass plate at 1 μm to form a resist original plate, and a fine pattern having a height of unevenness of 0.2 μm and a pitch of 1.5 μm is obtained by an electron beam drawing method. Example 1 was the same as Example 1 except that the diffraction grating pixels formed by the grooves were formed as adjacent pixel groups so that the diffraction direction of the diffraction grating was changed randomly. The obtained diffraction grating pixel group was formed along a cubic curved surface, and an effect excellent in design, which could not be obtained with a label or a hot stamp, was obtained.
[0040]
(Example 4, holo)
Example 2 was performed in the same manner as in Example 2 except that a relief hologram formed using a known two-beam method of laser light was used instead of the diffraction grating. The obtained relief hologram was formed along a cubic curved surface, and an effect with excellent design properties that could not be obtained with a label or hot stamp was obtained.
[0041]
(Example 5, another composition-potting 2P-VM)
<Preparation of photocurable resin composition 3>
35 parts by weight of purple light UV-7500B (trade name of urethane acrylate manufactured by Nippon Gohsei Kagaku), 35 parts by weight of 1,6 hexanediol diacrylate, 10 parts by weight of dipentaerythritol triacrylate, 15 parts by weight of vinylpyrrolidone, 1 hydroxycyclohexylphenyl Photocurable resin composition 3 was prepared by mixing 2 parts by weight of ketone and 1 part by weight of a photoinitiator (2 parts by weight of benzophenone, 1 part by weight of TSF4440 (manufactured by GE Toshiba Silicone Co., Ltd.)).
<Preparation of original plate with fine irregularities, stamper plate (hologram resin plate), irregularity forming layer and molding film>
A glass master of a relief hologram was prepared by a known laser interference method. A hologram resin plate was prepared from the glass plate by a known 2P method. A liquid of the photocurable composition 3 is dropped on a hologram (fine irregularities) surface of the hologram resin plate, and a polycarbonate having a thickness of 0.2 mm is laminated on the liquid surface as a base film. Using a high-pressure mercury lamp, ultraviolet light having a wavelength of 365 nm was irradiated at 510 mJ / cm. 2 Irradiation and curing gave a shaped film. The method of manufacturing the shaping film is called a potting 2P method by those skilled in the art, and the formation of the unevenness forming layer and the formation of fine unevenness are performed simultaneously. The details are disclosed by the present applicant in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 02-203444. By performing this operation intermittently, a long film can be formed.
<Injection molding>
Injection molding was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1 except that a molding film composed of the above-mentioned polycarbonate substrate film / concavo-convex forming layer was used, and a three-dimensional molded product was obtained. A shape having a mirror image relationship of irregularities was formed.
<Reflective layer processing>
When an aluminum reflective layer was formed on the irregular surface by sputtering, the resulting injection-molded product had a hologram formed along its cubic curved surface, which could not be obtained with a label or hot stamp. Excellent effect was obtained.
[0042]
(Example 6, another composition-potting-high brightness ink)
Example 5 was carried out in the same manner as in Example 5, except that the following photocurable resin composition 4 was used as the photocurable resin composition, and the following high-intensity ink was silk-printed as the reflective layer.
As the photocurable resin composition 4, 35 parts by weight of violet UV-7500B (trade name of urethane acrylate manufactured by Nippon Synthetic Chemical Company), 30 parts by weight of 1,6 hexanediol diacrylate, 15 parts by weight of dipentaerythritol triacrylate, 15 parts by weight of vinylpyrrolidone, 2 parts by weight of hydroxycyclohexyl phenyl ketone, 2 parts by weight of a polymerization initiator (benzophenone), and 1 part by weight of TSF4440 (manufactured by GE Toshiba Silicone Co., trade name of release agent) were mixed and mixed.
As a reflective layer, 5 parts by mass of CVL hardener (manufactured by Dainippon Ink and Chemicals, Inc., curing agent) per 100 parts by mass of Fine Wrap Super Metallic Silver Ink (manufactured by Dainippon Ink and Chemicals, Inc.) Parts, and a high-brightness ink to which 0.5 parts by mass of a transparent yellow dye is added, using a known silk printing method, printing and drying so that the thickness after drying becomes 2 μm, and drying a desired pattern. To form a high-brightness colored ink reflection layer.
The hologram thus obtained was formed on the three-dimensional surface of the injection-molded product, and a substantially gold bright hologram was obtained in the printed portion of the high-brightness ink without wrinkles or chips. The effect which was not obtained with a label or a hot stamp and which was excellent in design property was obtained.
[0043]
(Example 7, transparent holo)
Except that zinc sulfide was used as the reflective layer, the same procedure as in Example 5 was carried out. The obtained injection-molded product had a transparent hologram formed along its cubic surface, which was not obtained with a label or hot stamp. No, excellent effect on design was obtained.
[0044]
(Example 8, reflective resin is injected)
The same procedure as in Example 5 was repeated except that an acrylic resin containing 5% by mass of nickel-plated mica was used as the injection resin, and the reflective layer was not provided. As a result, a hologram was formed, and an effect of excellent design, which cannot be obtained with a label or a hot stamp, was obtained.
[0045]
【The invention's effect】
In the injection molding, fine irregularities can be formed at the same time as injection molding by injecting under ordinary injection conditions, so that a molded article can be produced inexpensively and in a short time without increasing the number of steps.
In addition, the fine irregularities may be obtained by replacing the molding film, and the mold is not dedicated. Expensive mold bodies can be used in common.
The Ni stamper plate is unnecessary, and the complicated manufacturing process and the drainage treatment of plating are not required. Since it can be easily shaped into a three-dimensional three-dimensional part, the design of the three-dimensional surface can be further enhanced. Further, an optical function can be provided.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a molding film of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing one embodiment of the shaping method of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Imprinting film
11 Substrate
13 Primer layer
15 Asperity forming layer
17 Fine irregularities

Claims (7)

射出成形品の表面の、少なくとも1部に微細な凹凸を賦型する賦型方法において、(a)微細な凹凸を有する原版を用意する工程と、(b)該原版から、微細な凹凸形成用のスタンパ版を作成する工程と、(c)該スタンパ版を用いて、表面の微細な凹凸が複製された樹脂製の賦型フィルムを作成する工程と、(d)該賦型フィルムを射出成形用金型内へ挿入する工程と、(e)該射出成形用金型へ樹脂を射出成形し密着させることで、該樹脂の表面へ賦型フィルムの微細な凹凸を賦型する工程と、(f)冷却後、金型を解放し、賦型フィルムを剥離して成形品を取り出す工程と、からなる射出成形品の立体面へ微細な凹凸を賦型することを特徴とする賦型方法。In a shaping method for shaping fine irregularities on at least a part of the surface of an injection-molded article, (a) a step of preparing an original plate having fine irregularities, and (b) a step of forming fine irregularities from the original plate (C) using the stamper plate to form a resin molding film in which fine irregularities on the surface are duplicated, and (d) injection molding the molding film. (E) injection molding a resin into the injection mold and bringing the resin into close contact with the injection mold to form fine irregularities of the molding film on the surface of the resin; f) a step of releasing the mold after cooling, removing the molding film, and taking out the molded product; and forming fine irregularities on the three-dimensional surface of the injection molded product. 賦型フィルムを作成する工程では、微細な凹凸を連続的又は間歇的に設けて長尺の賦型フィルムとし、該賦型フィルムを射出成形用金型内へ挿入する工程では、前記賦型フィルムを成形サイクル毎に間歇的に挿入することで、射出成形を連続的に行うことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の賦型方法。In the step of forming a shaping film, fine irregularities are provided continuously or intermittently to form a long shaping film, and in the step of inserting the shaping film into an injection molding die, the shaping film The molding method according to claim 1, wherein the injection molding is performed continuously by intermittently inserting the resin every molding cycle. 請求項1〜2のいずれかに記載の賦型方法で用いる立体面へ微細な凹凸を賦型する賦型フィルムにおいて、該賦型フィルムが少なくとも基材と凹凸形成層とからなり、該凹凸形成層の表面は微細な凹凸を有し、かつ、ウレタンアクリレート、ポリエステルアクリレート、エポキシアクリレート、ポリエーテルアクリレートから選択されるアクリレートオリゴマーと、離型剤とを必須成分として含有する光硬化性樹脂組成物の硬化物であることを特徴とする賦型フィルム。A shaping film for shaping fine irregularities on a three-dimensional surface used in the shaping method according to claim 1, wherein the shaping film comprises at least a substrate and an unevenness forming layer, and the unevenness formation is performed. The surface of the layer has fine irregularities, and urethane acrylate, polyester acrylate, epoxy acrylate, an acrylate oligomer selected from polyether acrylate, and a photocurable resin composition containing a release agent as an essential component. A shaped film, which is a cured product. 上記凹凸形成層が、ウレタンアクリレート、ポリエステルアクリレート、エポキシアクリレート、ポリエーテルアクリレートから選択されるアクリレートオリゴマーと、アクリル樹脂と、離型剤とを必須成分として含有する光硬化性樹脂組成物の硬化物であることを特徴とする請求項3に記載の賦型フィルム。The unevenness forming layer is a cured product of a photocurable resin composition containing an acrylate oligomer selected from urethane acrylate, polyester acrylate, epoxy acrylate, and polyether acrylate, an acrylic resin, and a release agent as essential components. The shaped film according to claim 3, wherein: 上記アクリル樹脂が、下記一般式(1)で表される構造式のウレタン変性アクリル樹脂であることを特徴とする請求項4に記載の賦型フィルム。
Figure 2004284178
(式中、Zは嵩高い環状構造の基を表わし、6個のRは夫々互いに独立して水素原子又はメチル基を表わし、RはC〜C16の炭化水素基を表わし、X及びYは直鎖状又は分岐鎖状のアルキレン基を表わす。l(エル)とmとnとo(オー)とpの合計を100とした場合に、lは0〜90、mは0〜80、nは0〜50、o+pは10〜80、pは0〜40の整数である。)
The imprinting film according to claim 4, wherein the acrylic resin is a urethane-modified acrylic resin having a structural formula represented by the following general formula (1).
Figure 2004284178
(Wherein Z represents a bulky cyclic structure group, six R 1 s each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, R 2 represents a C 1 -C 16 hydrocarbon group, and X And Y represent a linear or branched alkylene group, where l is 0 to 90 and m is 0 to 0 when the total of l (ell), m, n, o (oh) and p is 100. 80, n is 0 to 50, o + p is 10 to 80, and p is an integer of 0 to 40.)
請求項3〜5のいずれかに記載の賦型フィルムを用いて、請求項1〜2のいずれかに記載の賦型方法で、射出成形と同時に、立体面へ微細な凹凸を賦型することを特徴とする射出成形品。Using the shaping film according to any one of claims 3 to 5, by using the shaping method according to any one of claims 1 to 2, simultaneously with injection molding, shaping fine irregularities on a three-dimensional surface. An injection molded product characterized by the following. 上記微細な凹凸が、ホログラム、回折格子、モスアイ構造の凹凸であることを特徴とする請求項6に記載の射出成形品。The injection-molded article according to claim 6, wherein the fine irregularities are irregularities of a hologram, a diffraction grating, and a moth-eye structure.
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