JP2004267901A - Kitchen garbage treatment method and treatment apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent the putrefaction of kitchen garbage, and to efficiently treat the same. <P>SOLUTION: Kitchen garbage passed through a pre-dehydration kitchen garbage crushing apparatus (3) is weighed by a weighing hopper (4), is thereafter charged to a dehydrating agent addition-mixing device (5), is fed with a suitable amount of dehydrating agent from a dehydrating agent hopper (6) by a dehydrating agent feed apparatus (6a), and after adding and mixing, is fed to a post-dehydration kitchen garbage crushing apparatus (8). The dehydrated kitchen garbage crushed by the post-dehydration kitchen garbage crushing apparatus (8) is passed through a screen (8d), and is charged to a dehydrated kitchen garbage hopper (9). <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO&NCIPI

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method for treating garbage and a processing apparatus.
[0002]
[Prior art]
At present, garbage is often collected by a garbage truck while pressing combustible trash together. This garbage has a high water content, and generally has a water content of 70 to 90%. When the water content is high as described above, it easily rots, and when it rots, pathogenic bacteria are generated, and an unpleasant odor is also generated, which is a hygiene problem.
[0003]
And although garbage has a high moisture content, some garbage has a very high moisture content, such as vegetables, and some have a low moisture content, such as bones.
By the way, the garbage is crushed by a crushing device such as a ribbon screw at the rear of the garbage truck at the time of collection and the volume is reduced, and the garbage is pushed into the storage unit. However, as described above, it is preferable that the water content is varied. In many cases, crushing is not possible, and as a result, the volume reduction rate is reduced and the collection efficiency is reduced.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In view of the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a method and an apparatus for treating garbage, which can prevent spoilage of garbage and improve collection efficiency.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
According to the invention of claim 1, the garbage includes a dehydrating agent adding step of adding a dehydrating agent to the garbage and dewatering the garbage, and a garbage post-dehydration crushing step of crushing the garbage after dehydration. Is provided.
According to such a garbage disposal method, the garbage is dehydrated by adding a dehydrating agent, and is crushed after being dehydrated.
In addition, although dehydration means reducing a water content, it does not necessarily mean making it zero.
[0006]
According to the invention of claim 2, in the invention of claim 1, furthermore, a garbage crushing step before crushing the garbage before adding the dehydrating agent, and a weight of garbage crushed in the crushing garbage before dewatering step. A dewatering agent adding step, wherein a dehydrating agent is added based on the weight of the garbage that has been measured.
According to such a method for treating garbage, an appropriate amount of a dehydrating agent is added.
[0007]
According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for treating garbage, wherein the dehydrating agent according to the first aspect of the invention includes a chemical decay inhibitor which chemically prevents rot of the garbage. You.
According to such a method of treating garbage, garbage is prevented from being rotted by a chemical decay inhibitor in addition to being rotted by dehydration.
[0008]
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a garbage disposal method according to the first aspect, wherein the method is performed while moving the garbage to collect garbage by the moving means.
According to such a garbage processing method, the garbage is dehydrated and crushed while moving.
[0009]
According to the invention of claim 5, there is provided a dewatering agent adding means for adding a dehydrating agent to the garbage to dewater it, and a dewatering garbage crushing means for crushing dewatered garbage. An apparatus for treating garbage is provided.
According to such a garbage processing apparatus, garbage is dehydrated and then crushed.
[0010]
According to the invention of claim 6, in the invention of claim 5, furthermore, a garbage crushing means before dewatering for crushing garbage before adding a dehydrating agent and a garbage crushed by the garbage crushing means before dewatering. A weighing unit for weighing the garbage, wherein the dehydrating agent adding unit adds a dehydrating agent based on the weight of the garbage weighed by the weighing unit.
According to such a garbage processing apparatus, an appropriate amount of a dehydrating agent is added.
[0011]
According to the invention of claim 7, in the invention of claim 5, the post-dehydration garbage crushing means is provided in a cylindrical casing which extends in the lateral direction and has an inlet at one end in the lateral direction. The blade is configured by rotating a blade attached to a rotating shaft, the blade including a first blade disposed on a side closer to the inlet, and a second blade disposed on a side farther from the inlet. The first blade is a plate-like blade angled so as to move the dewatered garbage in the direction opposite to the inlet, and the second blade is a cutter blade having a blade for cutting the dewatered garbage, and a second blade. A garbage processing apparatus is provided, which includes a hammer blade that crushes garbage.
[0012]
According to an eighth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the garbage processing apparatus according to the fifth aspect, wherein the apparatus is mounted on a moving means and is movable.
According to such a garbage processing apparatus, dehydration and crushing are performed while moving.
[0013]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Reference numeral 1 denotes a garbage truck equipped with the garbage disposal apparatus of the present invention. At the rear end of the garbage collection vehicle 1, a garbage supply hopper 2 for supplying garbage in the bags collected by the worker to the garbage crusher 3 before dehydration is provided. A weighing device 4 is disposed below the garbage crushing device 3 before dehydration, and the weighing device 4 weighs the garbage put into the garbage supply hopper 2. The garbage weighed by the weighing device 4 is introduced into a dehydrating agent adding device 5 disposed below the weighing device 4.
[0014]
The garbage crusher before dewatering is designed to break the plastic bags containing garbage, and does not often crush the garbage itself.
A dehydrating agent hopper 6 for storing a dehydrating agent is provided in front of the garbage crushing device 3 before dehydrating, and a dehydrating agent feeding device 6a is disposed at the bottom of the dehydrating agent hopper 6. The dehydrating agent feeding device 6a can feed the dehydrating agent in the dehydrating agent hopper 6 toward the inside of the dehydrating agent adding device 5. The dehydrating agent is introduced into the dehydrating agent hopper 6 through a dehydrating agent inlet 6b provided at the top of the dehydrating agent hopper 6 and stored therein.
[0015]
Here, the weight of the garbage weighed by the weighing device 4 is sent to a computer (not shown) in the control device 10 (see FIG. 2), and the computer determines an optimal weight for the weighed garbage. Calculate the amount of dehydrating agent. Then, the calculated amount of the dehydrating agent is supplied to the dehydrating agent adding device 5 by the dehydrating agent feeding device 6a.
[0016]
The dehydrating agent adding device 5 has a ribbon screw 5a therein, and the ribbon screw 5a adds garbage and a dehydrating agent. The garbage is dehydrated by adding a dehydrating agent to reduce the water content, thereby preventing rot.
[0017]
Then, the dewatered garbage after dewatering is sent out by the ribbon screw 5a to the unloading pipe 7a from the unloading device 7, and further sent to the after-drying garbage crushing device 8 by the transport device 7. A transport screw (not shown) driven by a motor 7b is provided in the carry-out pipe 7a.
[0018]
FIG. 4 shows an enlarged view of the garbage crushing device 8 after dehydration. As shown in FIG. 4, the garbage crushing device 8 after dehydration is attached to the rotating shaft 8b in a horizontally placed cylindrical casing 8a. It rotates a plurality of blades. An inlet 8c is formed at one lateral end of the casing 8a, and the discharge pipe 7a is connected to the inlet 8c. A screen 8d is formed on the lower half of the casing 8a.
[0019]
A plate-like blade 8e is attached to a portion near the inlet 8c of the rotating shaft 8b and an intermediate portion. The plate-like blades 8e are angled so that when the rotation shaft 8b rotates, the dewatered garbage introduced from the inlet 8c can be sent out in the direction opposite to the inlet. On the other hand, a cutter blade 8f and a hammer blade 8g are attached to a portion of the rotary shaft 8b far from the entrance 8c and near the end on the side opposite to the entrance.
[0020]
The cutter blade 8f cuts and crushes the garbage after dewatering by the blade surface of the cutter, while the hammer blade 8g crushes and crushes the garbage after dehydration onto the inner surface of the casing 8a. For this purpose, irregularities 8h are provided on the inner surface of the upper part of the casing 8a provided with the hammer blade 8g (see FIG. 6). The rotating shaft 8b is driven by a motor 8i.
[0021]
The dewatered garbage crushed by the crushing device 8 after dehydration passes through the screen 8d and is introduced into the garbage after dewatering hopper 9 disposed below the second edge device 8. Since the dewatered garbage has a uniformly low moisture content, the crushing is performed well and the volume reduction rate is improved.
[0022]
Then, when the garbage hopper 9 after dehydration becomes full, the garbage after dehydration is discharged from the garbage hopper 9 after dehydration, and is reused as, for example, soil. However, since it is dewatered, rot is prevented and generation of an unpleasant odor is also prevented. You. As the dehydrating agent, for example, ash or clay discharged from a factory such as fly ash is used.
Further, if a chemical rot preventing agent for chemically preventing rot is further added to the dehydrating agent, rot is prevented chemically, so that generation of an offensive odor is more strongly prevented. Slaked lime is used as a chemical inhibitor, for example.
[0023]
【The invention's effect】
The invention according to claims 1 to 5 is an invention of a method for treating garbage, and includes a dehydrating agent adding step of adding a dehydrating agent to garbage to dehydrate, and a crushing of garbage after dehydration for crushing dehydrated garbage. Steps. Therefore, the garbage is dehydrated, so that rot is prevented. Since the garbage is crushed after dehydration, crushing is performed favorably, the volume reduction rate is improved, and the working efficiency is improved.
In particular, as in the invention of claim 2, furthermore, a garbage crushing step before crushing the garbage before adding the dehydrating agent, and a weighing method for weighing the garbage crushed in the crushing garbage before dewatering step. And the step of adding a dewatering agent. In the dehydrating agent adding step, a dehydrating agent is added based on the weight of the garbage measured, so that an optimal amount of the dewatering agent is added, so that efficient garbage collection is performed. Can be executed stably.
Further, if the dehydrating agent includes a general-purpose activity improving material capable of soiling garbage as in the invention of claim 3, the dehydrating agent includes a general-purpose activity improving material capable of soiling garbage. Garbage can be recycled to soil.
In addition, if the garbage is moved while being moved by the moving means to collect the garbage as in the invention of claim 4, the garbage is dehydrated and crushed while moving, so that the garbage can be collected in a hygienic manner. And can be performed with high efficiency.
[0024]
The inventions of claims 5 to 8 are inventions of an apparatus for treating garbage, and comprise a dehydrating agent adding means for adding a dehydrating agent to garbage, and a dewatering garbage crushing means for crushing dehydrated garbage. are doing. Therefore, the garbage is dehydrated, so that rot is prevented. Further, since the garbage is crushed after the dehydration, crushing is performed well, and the volume reduction rate is high, so that efficient garbage collection can be performed.
In particular, as in the invention of claim 6, furthermore, a garbage crushing means before dehydration for crushing garbage before adding a dehydrating agent, and a weighing method for weighing the garbage crushed by the garbage crushing means before dehydration. Means, including, the dehydrating agent addition means, if the dehydrating agent is added based on the weight of the garbage weighed by the measuring means, an appropriate amount of dehydrating agent is added, so that efficient garbage collection is stable. I can do it.
Further, if the apparatus is mounted on a moving means and is movable as in the invention of claim 8, dehydration and crushing can be performed while moving, so that efficient garbage collection can be performed efficiently.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a side view of a garbage truck equipped with a garbage disposal device according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is an external view of a rear part of the garbage truck of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a rear portion of the garbage truck of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the garbage crusher after dewatering.
FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along line VV in FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken along the line VI-VI in FIG. 4;
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Garbage collection truck 2 ... Garbage supply hopper 3 ... Garbage crusher before dehydration 4 ... Measuring device 5 ... Mixing device 5a ... Ribbon screw 6 ... Dehydrating agent hopper 6a ... Dehydrating agent feeding device 6b ... Dehydrating agent inlet 7: conveying device 8: dewatered garbage crushing device 8a ... casing 8b ... rotating shaft 8c ... inlet 8d ... screen 8e ... plate-shaped blade 8f ... cutter blade 8g ... hammer blade 8h ... irregularities 8i ... motor 9 ... dewatered raw garbage hopper 10 …Control device

Claims (8)

A method for treating garbage, comprising: a dehydrating agent adding step of adding a dehydrating agent to garbage for dehydration; and a crushing step of garbage after dehydration for crushing garbage after dehydration. A dewatering garbage crushing step for crushing the garbage before adding the dehydrating agent, and a measuring step for weighing the garbage crushed in the garbage crushing step before the dewatering, including a weighing step, 2. The method for treating garbage according to claim 1, wherein a dehydrating agent is added based on the weight of the garbage. 2. The method for treating garbage according to claim 1, wherein the dehydrating agent includes a chemical decay inhibitor that chemically prevents garbage from decay. 2. The method for treating garbage according to claim 1, wherein the method is performed while moving to collect garbage by a moving unit. An apparatus for treating garbage, comprising: a dehydrating agent adding means for adding a dehydrating agent to garbage for dehydration; and a dewatering garbage crushing means for crushing dewatered garbage. Furthermore, the dewatering garbage crushing means for crushing the garbage before adding the dehydrating agent, and a measuring means for measuring the weight of the garbage crushed by the garbage crushing means before dehydration, including, The garbage processing apparatus according to claim 5, wherein a dehydrating agent is added based on the weight of the garbage measured by the measuring means. After dewatering, the garbage crushing means is formed by rotating blades attached to a rotating shaft in a cylindrical casing having a laterally extending and a charging port formed at one end in the horizontal direction. The first blade includes a first blade disposed closer to the mouth and a second blade disposed farther from the inlet, and the first blade moves dewatered garbage in a direction opposite to the inlet. A plate-like blade that is angled to be rotated, wherein the second blade includes a cutter blade having a blade for cutting dewatered garbage and a hammer blade that crushes dewatered garbage. The garbage disposal device according to claim 5. The garbage disposal device according to claim 5, wherein the garbage disposal device is mounted on a moving means and is movable.

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