JP2004255328A - Bag breaker - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a bag breaker capable of quickly and surely breaking the bags of materials to be treated, containing garbage therein, and enabling the materials obtained by breaking the bag to be treated with a small separator thereby enhancing the versatility of the separator. <P>SOLUTION: This bag breaker is provided with a treatment drum 2 having a discharge port 3 on one end face 2s, a hopper 4 for supplying objects M to be treated to the drum 2, a conveying screw 5 which is housed and supported in the drum 2 to be rotated freely, a rotary drive part 6 for rotating the screw 5 at a prescribed rotational speed V and many bag breaking pins 7 the tip of each of which is sharpened and each of which is projected from the inside surface 2i of the drum 2 and arranged oppositely to the screw 5. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO&NCIPI

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a bag breaking device suitable for use in breaking a processed object containing garbage in a bag.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Generally, expired foods and the like are separated into packaging garbage and raw garbage, and each is separately recycled or incinerated. However, the work of separating packaging garbage and garbage requires a great deal of labor and time, and the applicant has already disclosed packaging garbage (light garbage) and garbage (heavy garbage) according to Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2000-167426. A suitable separator was proposed for use in separating.
[0003]
This separator is provided with a plurality of rectifying plates along the spiral direction of the inner peripheral surface and a discharge port arranged forward in the helical direction on the upper part of the horizontal drum type housing, and a large number of outlets on the lower surface of the housing. In addition to providing a mesh hole, an impeller wheel having a plurality of impellers radially protruding from a shaft is disposed inside the housing, and by rotating the impeller wheel, light-weight dust separated from an object to be processed in the housing. Is discharged from the discharge port, and the separated heavy dust is discharged from the mesh hole, so that the object to be treated can be automatically separated into lightweight dust and heavy dust.
[Patent Document 1]
JP 2000-167426 A
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
By the way, the above-described separator is intended for an object to be processed having a certain size or less, such as expired food. However, in reality, garbage is collected in a relatively large polyethylene bag of about 45 [liters]. In many cases, the waste is stored in a bag and collected, and the above-described separator has a problem to be solved such that it is difficult to process the object to be processed exceeding such a certain size.
[0005]
The present invention has been made to solve the problem based on such a background, and it is possible to quickly and reliably break an object to be processed containing garbage in a bag, and to reduce the size of the bag breaking material obtained by the bag breaking. It is an object of the present invention to provide a bag breaking device that can be processed by a separator to increase the versatility of the separator.
[0006]
Means and Embodiments for Solving the Problems
According to the present invention, a processing drum 2 provided with a discharge port 3 on one end surface 2s, and a processing drum 2 for forming a bag breaking device 1 for breaking a processing target M containing garbage A in a bag B. Hopper 4 for supplying an object M to be processed, a transfer screw 5 accommodated in the processing drum 2 and rotatably supported, and a rotary drive unit for rotating the transfer screw 5 at a predetermined rotation speed V 6 and a large number of pin-breaking pins 7... Facing the transfer screw 5 by forming the tip into a pointed shape and projecting from the inner surface 2 i of the processing drum 2.
[0007]
In this case, according to a preferred embodiment, the bag-breaking pins 7 can be formed by cutting the tips of the bolts 7b and screwed to the processing drum 2 from the outer surface 2o side. The rotation speed can be set to a low speed of 5 [rpm] or less. The discharge port 3 can be provided with a connection portion 8 connected to a supply port 51 of a separator 50 for separating garbage Aw and packaging trash As.
[0008]
Thus, the transfer screw 5 is rotated by the rotation drive unit 6 at a predetermined rotation speed V, preferably at a low speed of 5 [rpm] or less. Therefore, when the object M is put into the hopper 4, the object M is accommodated in the processing drum 2 and transferred to the discharge port 3 while rotating together with the transfer screw 5. At this time, a large number of bag-breaking pins 7 having a pointed tip project from the inner surface 2i of the processing drum 2, so that a plurality of bag-breaking pins 7 are provided for the bag B of the workpiece M to be transferred. When the bag B is torn, the bag is finely broken. Then, the broken bag material is discharged from the discharge port 3 to the outside.
[0009]
【Example】
Hereinafter, preferred embodiments according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
[0010]
First, the configuration of the bag breaking device 1 according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS.
[0011]
FIGS. 1 and 2 show a bag breaking device 1 mounted on a separator 50 for separating food waste and packaging waste. In the bag breaking device 1, reference numeral 2 denotes a processing drum, which has a shape obtained by dividing a cylindrical drum into two along an axis and lays an opening horizontally upward. Then, a discharge port 3 is provided on one end surface 2s of the processing drum 2. Note that the other end surface 2t of the processing drum 2 is closed. The outlet 3 is provided with a duct-like connecting portion 8. Thereby, the discharge port 3 can be connected to the supply port 51 of the separator 50 described later via the connection section 8. Further, the upper end of the processing drum 2 is provided with a hopper 4 provided integrally with or formed integrally with the processing drum 2 and extending upward. As shown in FIG. 2, the hopper 4 has a shape in which the upper side is gradually widened so that the object to be processed M can be easily fed. Reference numeral 11 denotes a support table, which has four legs 11s for supporting the hopper 4 (processing drum 2).
[0012]
On the other hand, between the one end surface 2s of the processing drum 2 and one side surface of the hopper 4, and between the other end surface 2t of the processing drum 2 and the other side surface of the hopper 4, bearing portions 12 and 13 are provided, respectively. The support 13 rotatably supports the shaft 5s of the transfer screw 5. As a result, the transfer screw 5 is accommodated in the processing drum 2, and a gap of about 30 mm is set between the inner surface 2 i of the processing drum 2 and the transfer screw 5. The screw diameter of the transfer screw 5 in the embodiment is about 400 [mm]. As shown in FIG. 2, a motor support 14 is fixed to the side of the support 11, and a gear motor 15 is installed on the upper surface of the motor support 14. A drive gear 16 is mounted on a rotation shaft 15s of the gear motor 15, and a driven gear 17 is mounted on one end of the shaft 5s of the transfer screw 5, and a chain belt 18 is hung between the driven gear 17 and the drive gear 16 to rotate. The transmission mechanism 19 is configured. The rotation transmission mechanism 19 and the gear motor 15 serve as a rotation drive unit 6 that rotates the transfer screw 5 at a predetermined rotation speed V. In this case, it is desirable to set the rotation speed V of the transfer screw 5 to a low speed of 5 [rpm] or less. In the embodiment, the speed is set to 3 [rpm].
[0013]
On the other hand, a large number of bag breaking pins 7 are attached to the processing drum 2. As shown in FIG. 3, one bag-breaking pin 7 can be formed by cutting the distal end side of a bolt 7b into a conical shape. Thus, the bag-breaking pin 7 having a pointed tip can be easily obtained. The bolt 7b of the embodiment uses M6-20 [mm], and the tip is formed in a pointed shape of 30 [°]. The bag breaking pin 7 may be screwed into a screw hole 22 formed at a predetermined position of the processing drum 2 from the outer surface 2o side. As a result, the tip end of the screwed bag-breaking pin 7 protrudes from the inner surface 2i of the processing drum 2 and faces the transfer screw 5. In this case, the projecting length L of the bag breaking pin 7 projecting from the inner surface 2i of the processing drum 2 is selected to be about 10 to 15 [mm].
[0014]
Thus, the bag-breaking pin 7 can be attached very easily. Further, in order to attach the bag-breaking pin 7 in this manner, if a washer 23 having a different thickness is selected and interposed between the head 7bh of the bolt 7b and the outer surface 2o, the projection length L can be easily changed (adjusted). )it can. In the embodiment, the bag-breaking pins 7 are arranged in seven rows in the axial direction of the processing drum 2 and are arranged in seven rows in the circumferential direction of the processing drum 2, and a total of 49 pins are used.
[0015]
Next, the configuration of the separator 50 to which the bag breaking device 1 is attached will be described with reference to FIGS.
[0016]
The separator 50 is supported at a certain height by a plurality of legs 53 and has a separation drum 52 having an oval (or oval) cross section as shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 4, a supply port 51 is provided on an end surface of one side of the separation drum 52 in the axial direction, and the supply port 51 is provided with a connected portion 51 c connected to the connection portion 8 described above. On the other hand, a packaging dust discharge port 54 is provided in the upper part of the side surface on the other side in the axial direction of the peripheral surface of the separation drum 52. Reference numeral 55 denotes a hood attached to the packaging waste discharge port 54. Further, on the lower surface of the peripheral surface of the separation drum 52, a garbage discharge port 56 formed by a large number of mesh holes is provided.
[0017]
On the other hand, an impeller wheel 58 is provided inside the separation drum 52. The impeller wheel 58 has a shaft 59 rotatably supported on both end surfaces of the separation drum 52, and four impellers 60 projecting radially from the shaft 59. Each impeller 60 is formed of a rectangular flat plate member, and has an impeller body 61 having a supply port 51 side formed by an inclined side 61c, and an impeller rubber 62 fixed to a radial end edge of the impeller body 61. . Reference numeral 63 denotes a plurality of reinforcing plates interposed between the impellers 60..., And 64 denotes an anti-entanglement ring through which the shaft 59 is inserted and which is interposed between the impeller wheel 58 and the inner surface of the separation drum 52.
[0018]
Further, a plurality of rectifying plates 66 are fixed to the inner peripheral wall of the upper surface of the peripheral surface that does not hinder the rotation of the impeller wheel 58 inside the separation drum 52. The current plates 66 are formed in a crescent shape, are arranged in a direction along the spiral direction of the inner peripheral surface, and are arranged at regular intervals in the axial direction of the separation drum 52. Note that the leading edge of the current plate 66 may be a simple edge that is not particularly processed, or may be a cutting blade. The cutting blade may be a flat blade or a saw blade. If a flat blade is provided, a thick polyethylene bag, cardboard, corrugated cardboard, etc. can be easily cut, and if a saw blade is provided, a durable synthetic resin string, stem, root, and the like can be easily cut.
[0019]
On the other hand, one end of the shaft 59 protrudes outward from the other end surface of the separation drum 52, and a driven gear 68 is attached to the end, and a driving motor (gear motor) is provided on the upper surface of the separation drum 52 as shown in FIG. The separator 69 is fixed, and a chain belt 71 is bridged between a driven gear 68 and a driven gear 70 attached to a rotation shaft of the driving motor 69 to constitute a separator driving unit 72. Reference numeral 73 denotes a drive unit cover that covers the separator drive unit 72, and 74 denotes a skirt that prevents the garbage Aw discharged from the garbage discharge port 56 from scattering.
[0020]
Next, how to use and operate (function) the bag breaking device 1 and the separator 50 according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings.
[0021]
First, when an operation switch (not shown) is turned on, the rotation drive unit 6 and the separator drive unit 72 operate. Then, as shown in FIG. 2, when the processing object M in which the garbage A is stored in the bag B is put into the hopper 4 of the bag breaking device 1 as it is, the processing object M is placed inside the processing drum 2. And falls on the transfer screw 5. The transfer screw 5 is rotated by the rotation drive unit 6 at a predetermined rotation speed V, that is, at a low speed of 5 [rpm] or less (in the embodiment, 3 [rpm]). While being rotated together with the screw 5, it is slowly transferred to the discharge port 3 side. At this time, a large number of bag-breaking pins 7 having a pointed tip project from the inner surface 2i of the processing drum 2, so that a plurality of bag-breaking pins 7 are provided for the bag B of the workpiece M to be transferred. When the bag B is torn, the bag B is finely broken by tearing, and the bag is reliably broken. Then, the broken bag material Mm is discharged from the discharge port 3 to the outside.
[0022]
As described above, in the present embodiment, the bag is broken by using the bag breaking pins 7. Therefore, the present embodiment has the following advantages as compared with the case where the bag is broken by using the cutter. That is, in the case of a cutter, whether or not the cutter is well cut is determined as the bag breaking performance. Therefore, when used for a long period of time, it becomes difficult to cut gradually, the performance deteriorates, and maintenance such as sharpening is required. Further, the cutter is expensive in terms of cost, but the bag breaking pin 7 can be implemented very easily and at low cost, for example, by using a general bolt 7b as described above.
[0023]
In the bag breaking apparatus 1 of the embodiment, a polyethylene bag B of 45 [liter] can be easily broken, and the garbage in the bag B is discharged. Also, when the so-called packed food product is contained in the bag B, the pack is broken and the garbage in the pack is released. The released garbage, for example, vegetables such as radish, pumpkin, and cabbage, and garbage such as large fish and block meat, are also finely cut by passing through a large number of bag-breaking pins 7.
[0024]
On the other hand, the broken bag material Mm that has been finely broken is discharged from the discharge port 3 and further supplied to the supply port 51 through the connection portion 8. In this case, since the bag breaking material Mm is supplied to the impeller wheel 58 from the axial direction, it is supplied stably and smoothly. That is, when the bag breaking material Mm is supplied toward the peripheral surface of the impeller wheel 58, the bag breaking material Mm hits the peripheral surface of the rotating impeller wheel 58 and flies. By supplying, such a trouble is avoided.
[0025]
Then, inside the separation drum 52, the impeller wheel 58 is rotating in the direction of the arrow X in FIG. 5 at a rotation speed of about 600 [rpm], so that wind is generated inside the separation drum 52. In this case, the outside air is taken in from the supply port 51 and flows in the spiral direction by the rectifying action of the rectifying plates 66.
[0026]
As a result, the bag breaking material Mm supplied to the inside of the separation drum 52 is pulverized by the rotating impeller wheel 58, and the relatively lightweight packaging dust As gets on the wind and is discharged from the packaging dust discharge port 54. The discharged packaging dust As is collected by a collection container (not shown). On the other hand, the garbage Aw, which is relatively heavy and finely pulverized, is discharged (extruded) to the outside from the garbage discharge port 56 by an impeller rubber 62 provided at the tip of the rotating impeller 60. The discharged garbage Aw is collected by a collection container (not shown) disposed below the garbage discharge port 56. At this time, if a plurality of collection containers are arranged in the axial direction of the separation drum 52, it is possible to separate and collect easily separated garbage and hardly separated garbage.
[0027]
According to the bag breaking apparatus 1 according to the present embodiment, the garbage A ... is stored in a relatively large bag B such as a polyethylene bag of about 45 [liters] and cannot be directly put into the separator 50. Even the processed material M can be quickly and reliably broken, so that the processing can be performed even with a relatively small separator 50, and as a result, the versatility of the separator 50 can be improved. Further, since the outlet 3 of the bag breaking device 1 is provided with the connecting portion 8 connected to the supply port 51 of the separator 50, it can be retrofitted to the existing separator 50.
[0028]
The bag breaking device 1 can be used by being connected to the separator 50 as described above, but can also be used alone as shown in FIG. In this case, since the bag breaking material Mm is discharged to the outside from the discharge port 3, for example, it is automatically supplied to another separator 50 by a belt conveyor or the like, or is put into a handheld container (container), and is separated. You may carry it to the separator 50 in a place.
[0029]
On the other hand, FIG. 7 shows a modified embodiment. This modified embodiment is obtained by adding a second bag breaking device 1s to the above-described bag breaking device 1. That is, the bag breaking device 1 (first bag breaking device 1f) is supported above the legs 71, and the second bag breaking device 1s is supported below the first bag breaking device 1f.
[0030]
The second bag breaking device 1s includes a cutter unit 73 as shown in FIG. The cutter unit 73 has a shaft 74 that is rotated by a drive unit (not shown), and is configured by attaching a plurality of disk-shaped blades 75 arranged at predetermined intervals in the axial direction of the shaft 74. In this case, a cutting blade is formed on the entire circumference of each disk-shaped blade 75. The cutting blade may be a flat blade or a saw blade. Each of the disk-shaped blades 75 is inclined at an angle of about 3 to 30 degrees with respect to the vertical plane of the shaft 74, and the inclination of the adjacent disk-shaped blades 75 is alternately opposite to the axial direction. Set. The cutter unit 73 is rotated at a rotation speed of about 8 [rpm], and is rotated forward and backward at predetermined time intervals.
[0031]
On the other hand, a transfer unit 76 is provided below the cutter unit 73. The transfer unit 76 has a transfer screw 77 that is rotated by a drive unit (not shown). The rotation of the transfer screw 77 transfers the bag-breaking material Ms broken by the cutter unit 73 to the discharge port 78. Reference numeral 79 denotes a housing unit including an upper housing portion 79u and a lower housing portion 79d. The lower housing portion 79d covers the transfer unit 76 except for above the transfer screw 77, and has a discharge port 78 for discharging the bag breaking material Ms transferred by the transfer screw 77. Further, the upper housing portion 79u rises upward from the upper end of the lower housing portion 79d and covers the side of the cutter unit 73. The transfer screw 77 is rotated at a rotation speed of about 120 [rpm].
[0032]
Thereby, the bag breaking material Mm discharged from the discharge port 3 of the first bag breaking device 1f is supplied to the second bag breaking device 1s, and is further broken by the second bag breaking device 1s. That is, when the bag-breaking material Mm supplied to the second bag-breaking device 1s is sandwiched between the disk-shaped blades 75 and the inner wall of the upper housing portion 79u, they are cut by the disk-shaped blades 75. In this modified embodiment, the use of the disc-shaped blades (cutters) 75... Has the disadvantageous side of the cutter described above. However, by combining with the first bag breaking device 1f (bag breaking device 1), the fineness can be further improved. And there is an advantage that it can be reliably broken.
[0033]
In the configuration of the first bag breaking device 1f shown in FIG. 7, the other basic structure is the same as the bag breaking shown in FIG. 1 except that the arrangement position of the gear motor 15 and the support structure of the shaft 5s are different. It is the same as the device 1. Therefore, in FIG. 7, the same parts as those in FIG. 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals, to clarify the configuration, and omit detailed description.
[0034]
Although the embodiments have been described in detail above, the present invention is not limited to such embodiments, and the detailed configuration, shape, material, parts, quantity, etc., do not depart from the gist of the present invention. It can be changed, added, or deleted arbitrarily. For example, it does not matter whether the garbage A is food.
[0035]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, the bag breaking device according to the present invention includes a processing drum having an outlet on one end surface, a hopper for supplying an object to be processed to the processing drum, and a rotatable housing that is accommodated in the processing drum and is rotatable. A transfer screw supported by the transfer screw, a rotation drive unit for rotating the transfer screw at a predetermined rotation speed, and a plurality of tips facing the transfer screw by forming the tip into a pointed shape and projecting from the inner surface of the processing drum. The provision of the bag-breaking pin has the following remarkable effects.
[0036]
(1) Even a relatively large object to be processed containing garbage in a bag can be quickly and reliably broken.
[0037]
(2) Since processing can be performed even with a relatively small separator, the versatility of the separator can be improved as a result.
[0038]
(3) According to the preferred embodiment, if the bag-breaking pin is formed by cutting the tip of the bolt and screwed to the processing drum from the outer surface side, it can be implemented extremely easily and at low cost.
[0039]
(4) According to the preferred embodiment, if the discharge port is provided with a connection portion connected to the supply port of the separator for separating garbage and garbage, it can be used as an option of the separator, which is more convenient. Can be increased.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a partially longitudinal side view of a bag breaking device and a separator according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a partial vertical front view of the bag breaking device and the separator.
FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram of a bag breaking pin in the bag breaking device.
FIG. 4 is a vertical side view of the separator.
FIG. 5 is a vertical sectional front view of the separator.
FIG. 6 is a side view when the bag breaking device is used alone;
FIG. 7 is a partial longitudinal side view of a bag breaking device according to a modified embodiment of the present invention,
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF REFERENCE NUMERALS 1 bag breaking device 2 processing drum 2s one end face 2i processing drum inner surface 2o processing drum outer surface 3 discharge port 4 hopper 5 transfer screw 6 rotation drive unit 7 ... bag breaking pin 7b ... bolt 8 connection unit 50 separator 51 supply port A … Garbage Aw garbage B bag As packaging garbage M

Claims (4)

In a bag breaking device for breaking an object to be processed containing garbage in a bag, a processing drum provided with a discharge port on one end surface, a hopper for supplying the object to the processing drum, A transfer screw that is rotatably supported, and a rotation drive unit that rotates the transfer screw at a predetermined rotation speed; a tip formed in a pointed shape, and protruding from the inner surface of the processing drum. And a number of bag breaking pins facing the transfer screw. The bag breaking device according to claim 1, wherein the bag breaking pin is formed by cutting a tip of a bolt, and is screwed to the processing drum from an outer surface side. The bag breaking device according to claim 1, wherein the rotation speed is set to a low speed of 5 [rpm] or less. 2. The bag breaking device according to claim 1, wherein the discharge port includes a connection portion that is connected to a supply port of a separator that separates the garbage and the garbage. 3.

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