JP2004243873A - Ventilation and air conditioning system for vehicles - Google Patents

Ventilation and air conditioning system for vehicles Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2004243873A
JP2004243873A JP2003035074A JP2003035074A JP2004243873A JP 2004243873 A JP2004243873 A JP 2004243873A JP 2003035074 A JP2003035074 A JP 2003035074A JP 2003035074 A JP2003035074 A JP 2003035074A JP 2004243873 A JP2004243873 A JP 2004243873A
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JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
vehicle
air
ventilation
evaporator
heat exchanger
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP2003035074A
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Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Tomomi Fukui
智巳 福井
Takeshi Miyashita
剛 宮下
Yasuo Shibuya
康雄 渋谷
Akihiko Torii
昭彦 鳥居
Hajime Ito
一 伊藤
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mitsubishi Electric Corp
Central Japan Railway Co
Original Assignee
Mitsubishi Electric Corp
Central Japan Railway Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mitsubishi Electric Corp, Central Japan Railway Co filed Critical Mitsubishi Electric Corp
Priority to JP2003035074A priority Critical patent/JP2004243873A/en
Publication of JP2004243873A publication Critical patent/JP2004243873A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a ventilation and air conditioning system for a vehicle capable of eliminating a duct connecting a ventilation unit and a refrigerant circuit, and miniaturizing devices and reducing ventilation load. <P>SOLUTION: The ventilation and air conditioning system includes a refrigerant circuit 10 having a compressor 11, condenser 12, decompressor 13, and an evaporator 14 connected by a refrigerant pipe 15, ventilation blowers 21 and 22 for introducing outside air into a vehicle and discharging inside air to the outside, and a total enthalpy heat exchanger 23 for heat-exchanging the intake air and discharge air by the blowers. The condenser 12 is placed in the downstream of the discharge air of the total enthalpy heat exchanger 23, and the evaporator 14 is placed in the downstream of the intake air of the total enthalpy heat exchanger 23. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO&NCIPI

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
この発明は、車両用換気及び空気調和装置、特に換気用の給気と排気とを熱交換させる全熱交換器を有する車両用換気及び空気調和装置に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来の車両用空気調和装置と換気装置とはそれぞれ別のユニットとして設けられ、換気装置によって車内に導入される給気は換気装置と空気調和装置間に設けられたダクトを経て空気調和装置に供給され、車内からのリターン空気と混合された後、空気調和装置によって冷却または加湿され、車内に送り込まれるようにされていた。即ち、車両用空気調和装置は、周知のように、圧縮機と、凝縮器と、減圧装置と、蒸発器とを冷媒配管によって接続して構成された冷媒回路を備えると共に、上記凝縮器は高温、高圧の冷媒と熱交換して凝縮させるための送風源としての送風機を有し、上記蒸発器は低温、低圧の冷媒と熱交換して蒸発させるための送風源としての送風機を有している。
また、換気装置は車外の新鮮な空気を車内に導入する換気送風機と車内の空気を車外に排出する換気送風機を有し、給気と排気とを全熱交換器によって熱交換することにより、新鮮で冷却された空気を車内に導入するようにされている。(例えば特許文献1参照)。
【0003】
【特許文献1】
特開平2−259343号公報(p.1−2左上欄、第3図 )
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
従来の車両用換気及び空気調和装置は以上のように構成されており、空気調和装置の凝縮器及び蒸発器並びに換気装置にそれぞれ送風機が設けられていたため、空気調和装置及び換気装置に送風機用のスペースを設ける必要があり、装置が大型化するという問題点があった。
また、換気負荷を低減しようとすれば空気調和装置が大型化するという問題点もあった。更に、換気装置からの給気を導くために、換気装置と空気調和装置との間にダクトを設置する必要があるという問題点もあった。
この発明は、上記のような問題点を解消するためになされたもので、装置の小型化を図ることができ、換気負荷を低減させ、ダクトを省略することができる車両用換気及び空気調和装置を提供することを目的とする。
【0005】
【課題を解決するための手段】
この発明に係る車両用換気及び空気調和装置は、車両に搭載された圧縮機、凝縮器、減圧装置及び蒸発器を冷媒配管で接続して構成された冷媒回路と、車外の空気を車内に導入すると共に、車内の空気を車外に排出する換気送風機と、上記換気送風機による車内への給気及び車外への排気を熱交換させる全熱交換器とを備え、上記凝縮器を上記全熱交換器の排気の下流側に設け、上記蒸発器を上記全熱交換器の給気の下流側に設けたものである。
【0006】
【発明の実施の形態】
実施の形態1.
以下、この発明の実施の形態1を図にもとづいて説明する。図1は、実施の形態1の構成を示す概略図である。
この図において、空気調和装置を構成する冷媒回路10は、圧縮機11、凝縮器12、減圧装置としてのキャピラリーチューブ13、蒸発器14及びこれらを接続する冷媒配管15から構成されている。凝縮器12及び蒸発器14には送風機は設けられていない。また、換気装置20は、車外の新鮮な暖かい空気を車内に導入するための給気用の換気送風機22、給気と排気とが通過するようにされ、通過の過程で両者が熱交換し得るような構成とされ、車外の暖かい空気を冷却して車内に導入する全熱交換器23とから構成されている。
また、冷媒回路10の蒸発器14は換気装置20の全熱交換器23の給気が通過する風路の下流側、即ち図1において、全熱交換器23の左側に位置するように設けられ、冷媒回路10の凝縮器12は換気装置20の全熱交換器23の排気が通過する風路の下流側、即ち図1において、全熱交換器23の下側に位置するように設けられている。
【0007】
このような構成において、冷媒回路10及び換気装置20が動作すると、車外の暖かい空気は換気送風機21によって、図1の右側から左側に向けて給気の矢印で示すように導入され全熱交換器23を通過する。
一方、車内の冷たい空気は換気送風機22によって、図1の上側から下側に向けて排気の矢印で示すように排出され全熱交換器23を通過する。
全熱交換器23内で給気と排気とが熱交換し、給気は冷却された後、下流側に位置する蒸発器14に達し、ここで再度冷却され、換気負荷を低減して車内に導入される。この場合、蒸発器14では換気送風機21による給気によって蒸発するため、自己の送風機を必要としない。
また、車内の冷たい空気は、従来は換気のために車外に排出されるだけであったが、この実施の形態では、先ず全熱交換器23によって車外の暖かい空気と熱交換してこれを冷却し、その後、凝縮器12に達して冷媒の凝縮に再利用され、その後、車外へ放出される。この場合、凝縮器12では換気送風機22による排気によって凝縮するため、自己の送風機を必要としない。
この実施の形態は、上述のように、冷媒回路10の凝縮器12及び蒸発器14に送風機を設ける必要がないため、装置を小型化することができ、冷媒回路10と換気装置20を一体化して1つのユニットとすることが可能となる。
【0008】
図2は、冷媒回路10と換気装置20を一体化した場合の空気の流れを示す概略図である。この図において、30は冷媒回路10と換気装置20、即ち図1に示す各装置を一体的に構成したユニットであり、40は上記ユニット30を含む空調装置、50は上記空調装置40を装着した車両、51、52、53は車両50と空調装置40とを接続するダクトである。
ユニット30の動作は上述の通りであり、換気送風機21によって車外から導入された給気は車両内からダクト52、53を経て流入するリターン空気61と混合されて冷却され、矢印62で示すように、ダクト51を経て車両内に供給される。このような構成とすることにより、換気装置を経た給気を冷媒回路に供給するダクトが不要となり、小型軽量化を図ることができる他、換気によって空調負荷を低減することができる。
【0009】
実施の形態2.
次に、この発明の実施の形態2を図にもとづいて説明する。図3は、実施の形態2の構成を示す概略図で、空調能力を増加させるために蒸発器を増設した場合の構成を示すものである。
空気調和装置を構成する冷媒回路10は、圧縮機11、凝縮器12、減圧装置としてのキャピラリーチューブ13、蒸発器14及びこれらを接続する冷媒配管15から構成されるが、凝縮器12は送風源としての室外送風機16を有する従来の構成の凝縮器であり、蒸発器14は送風源としての室内送風機17を有する従来の構成の蒸発器である。また、換気装置20は、図1と同様に、給気用の換気送風機21、排気用の換気送風機22、全熱交換器23から構成されている。更に、14Aは空調能力を増加させるために増設された増設蒸発器で、図1の場合と同様に、全熱交換器23の給気が通過する風路の下流側に設けられ、送風機を有していない。作用は図1の給気の場合と同様であるため説明を省略する。
実施の形態2は以上のように構成されているため、冷媒回路10Aは従来装置と同様であるが、空調能力を増加させたい時に、蒸発器用の送風機17を大型化することなく、増設用の蒸発器14Aを設けるだけで能力の増加を図ることができる。
【0010】
【発明の効果】
この発明に係る車両用換気及び空気調和装置は、車両に搭載された圧縮機、凝縮器、減圧装置及び蒸発器を冷媒配管で接続して構成された冷媒回路と、車外の空気を車内に導入すると共に、車内の空気を車外に排出する換気送風機と、上記換気送風機による車内への給気及び車外への排気を熱交換させる全熱交換器とを備え、上記凝縮器を上記全熱交換器の排気の下流側に設け、上記蒸発器を上記全熱交換器の給気の下流側に設けたものであるため、冷媒回路の凝縮器及び蒸発器の送風機を省略することができ、装置を小型化することができる。
また、省エネを実現することができ、換気負荷を低減することもできる。
更に、冷媒回路と換気装置とを一体化して1つのユニットとすることにより、換気装置と冷媒回路とを接続するダクトを省略することができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】この発明の実施の形態1の構成を示す概略図である。
【図2】実施の形態1において、冷媒回路と換気装置を一体化した場合の空気の流れを示す概略図である。
【図3】この発明の実施の形態2の構成を示す概略図である。
【符号の説明】
10 冷媒回路、 11 圧縮機、 12 凝縮器、
13 キャピラリーチューブ、 14 蒸発器、 20 換気装置、
21、22 換気送風機、 23 全熱交換器。
[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a vehicle ventilation and air conditioner, and more particularly to a vehicle ventilation and air conditioner having a total heat exchanger for exchanging heat between air supply and exhaust for ventilation.
[0002]
[Prior art]
The conventional vehicle air conditioner and the ventilator are provided as separate units, and the air supply introduced into the vehicle by the ventilator is supplied to the air conditioner via a duct provided between the ventilator and the air conditioner After being mixed with return air from the vehicle, it is cooled or humidified by an air conditioner and sent into the vehicle. That is, as is well known, an air conditioner for a vehicle includes a refrigerant circuit configured by connecting a compressor, a condenser, a decompression device, and an evaporator with a refrigerant pipe, and the condenser has a high temperature. Has a blower as a blower for exchanging heat with a high-pressure refrigerant and condensing it, and the evaporator has a blower as a blower for exchanging heat with a low-temperature, low-pressure refrigerant and evaporating. .
In addition, the ventilation device has a ventilation blower that introduces fresh air outside the vehicle into the vehicle and a ventilation blower that discharges air inside the vehicle to the outside of the vehicle, and the fresh air is exchanged between the supply air and the exhaust air by a total heat exchanger. The air cooled by is introduced into the vehicle. (See, for example, Patent Document 1).
[0003]
[Patent Document 1]
JP-A-2-259343 (p.1-2, upper left column, FIG. 3)
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The conventional vehicle ventilation and air-conditioning apparatus is configured as described above, and the condenser and the evaporator of the air-conditioning apparatus and the ventilation apparatus are provided with the respective blowers. There is a problem that a space needs to be provided and the device becomes large.
In addition, there is a problem that the air conditioner is increased in size in order to reduce the ventilation load. Further, there is a problem that a duct needs to be installed between the ventilator and the air conditioner in order to guide air supply from the ventilator.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and can reduce the size of the apparatus, reduce the ventilation load, and omit the duct, and provide a vehicle ventilation and air conditioning apparatus. The purpose is to provide.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The vehicle ventilation and air-conditioning apparatus according to the present invention introduces a refrigerant circuit configured by connecting a compressor, a condenser, a decompression device, and an evaporator mounted on a vehicle with a refrigerant pipe, and introduces air outside the vehicle into the vehicle. A ventilating blower for discharging air inside the vehicle to the outside of the vehicle, and a total heat exchanger for exchanging heat between air supply to the inside of the vehicle and exhaust to the outside of the vehicle by the ventilation blower, wherein the condenser includes the total heat exchanger. And the evaporator is provided downstream of the supply air of the total heat exchanger.
[0006]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Embodiment 1 FIG.
Hereinafter, a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of the first embodiment.
In this figure, a refrigerant circuit 10 constituting an air conditioner includes a compressor 11, a condenser 12, a capillary tube 13 as a decompression device, an evaporator 14, and a refrigerant pipe 15 connecting these. The condenser 12 and the evaporator 14 are not provided with a blower. In addition, the ventilation device 20 is provided with a ventilation blower 22 for supplying air for introducing fresh warm air outside the vehicle into the vehicle, so that the air supply and the exhaust can pass through, and both can exchange heat during the passage. The total heat exchanger 23 cools warm air outside the vehicle and introduces it into the vehicle.
Further, the evaporator 14 of the refrigerant circuit 10 is provided so as to be located on the downstream side of the air passage through which the supply air of the total heat exchanger 23 of the ventilator 20 passes, that is, on the left side of the total heat exchanger 23 in FIG. The condenser 12 of the refrigerant circuit 10 is provided so as to be located on the downstream side of the air passage through which the exhaust gas of the total heat exchanger 23 of the ventilator 20 passes, that is, below the total heat exchanger 23 in FIG. I have.
[0007]
In such a configuration, when the refrigerant circuit 10 and the ventilation device 20 operate, warm air outside the vehicle is introduced by the ventilation blower 21 from the right side to the left side of FIG. Pass 23.
On the other hand, the cold air in the vehicle is discharged by the ventilation blower 22 from the upper side to the lower side in FIG. 1 as indicated by the exhaust arrow and passes through the total heat exchanger 23.
The supply air and the exhaust gas exchange heat in the total heat exchanger 23, and after the supply air is cooled, it reaches the evaporator 14 located on the downstream side, where it is cooled again, and the ventilation load is reduced and the air supply is reduced. be introduced. In this case, since the evaporator 14 evaporates by the supply of air from the ventilation blower 21, it does not need its own blower.
Conventionally, the cold air inside the vehicle is only discharged outside the vehicle for ventilation, but in this embodiment, first, the total heat exchanger 23 exchanges heat with the warm air outside the vehicle to cool it. After that, the refrigerant reaches the condenser 12 and is reused for condensing the refrigerant, and then is discharged outside the vehicle. In this case, the condenser 12 is condensed by the exhaust air from the ventilation blower 22, and does not require its own blower.
In this embodiment, as described above, since it is not necessary to provide a blower in the condenser 12 and the evaporator 14 of the refrigerant circuit 10, the device can be downsized, and the refrigerant circuit 10 and the ventilation device 20 are integrated. And one unit.
[0008]
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the flow of air when the refrigerant circuit 10 and the ventilator 20 are integrated. In this drawing, reference numeral 30 denotes a unit integrally configured with the refrigerant circuit 10 and the ventilation device 20, that is, each device shown in FIG. 1, 40 denotes an air conditioner including the unit 30, and 50 denotes the air conditioner 40. Vehicles 51, 52, and 53 are ducts that connect the vehicle 50 and the air conditioner 40.
The operation of the unit 30 is as described above. The supply air introduced from outside the vehicle by the ventilation blower 21 is mixed with the return air 61 flowing from the inside of the vehicle through the ducts 52 and 53, cooled and cooled as indicated by the arrow 62. , Through the duct 51. With such a configuration, a duct for supplying air supplied through the ventilator to the refrigerant circuit is not required, and the size and weight can be reduced, and the air conditioning load can be reduced by ventilation.
[0009]
Embodiment 2 FIG.
Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of the second embodiment, and shows a configuration in a case where an evaporator is added to increase the air-conditioning capacity.
The refrigerant circuit 10 constituting the air conditioner includes a compressor 11, a condenser 12, a capillary tube 13 as a decompression device, an evaporator 14, and a refrigerant pipe 15 for connecting these components. The evaporator 14 is an evaporator having a conventional configuration having an outdoor blower 16 as a blower, and the evaporator 14 is an evaporator having a conventional configuration having an indoor blower 17 as a blower. Further, the ventilator 20 includes a ventilation blower 21 for air supply, a ventilation blower 22 for exhaustion, and a total heat exchanger 23 as in FIG. Further, an additional evaporator 14A is provided to increase the air-conditioning capacity. As in the case of FIG. 1, an additional evaporator is provided downstream of the air passage through which the supply air of the total heat exchanger 23 passes, and has an air blower. I haven't. The operation is the same as in the case of the air supply in FIG.
Since the second embodiment is configured as described above, the refrigerant circuit 10A is the same as the conventional device, but when the air-conditioning capacity is to be increased, the evaporator blower 17 is not enlarged without increasing the size. The capacity can be increased only by providing the evaporator 14A.
[0010]
【The invention's effect】
The vehicle ventilation and air-conditioning apparatus according to the present invention introduces a refrigerant circuit configured by connecting a compressor, a condenser, a decompression device, and an evaporator mounted on a vehicle with a refrigerant pipe, and introduces air outside the vehicle into the vehicle. A ventilating blower for discharging air inside the vehicle to the outside of the vehicle, and a total heat exchanger for exchanging heat between air supply to the inside of the vehicle and exhaust to the outside of the vehicle by the ventilation blower, wherein the condenser includes the total heat exchanger. Since the evaporator is provided on the downstream side of the air supply of the total heat exchanger, the condenser of the refrigerant circuit and the blower of the evaporator can be omitted. The size can be reduced.
In addition, energy saving can be realized, and the ventilation load can be reduced.
Further, by integrating the refrigerant circuit and the ventilation device into one unit, a duct for connecting the ventilation device and the refrigerant circuit can be omitted.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of a first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a flow of air when a refrigerant circuit and a ventilation device are integrated in the first embodiment.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of a second embodiment of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
10 refrigerant circuit, 11 compressor, 12 condenser,
13 capillary tube, 14 evaporator, 20 ventilator,
21, 22 ventilation blower, 23 total heat exchanger.

Claims (3)

車両に搭載された圧縮機、凝縮器、減圧装置及び蒸発器を冷媒配管で接続して構成された冷媒回路と、車外の空気を車内に導入すると共に、車内の空気を車外に排出する換気送風機と、上記換気送風機による車内への給気及び車外への排気を熱交換させる全熱交換器とを備え、上記凝縮器を上記全熱交換器の排気の下流側に設け、上記蒸発器を上記全熱交換器の給気の下流側に設けたことを特徴とする車両用換気及び空気調和装置。A refrigerant circuit configured by connecting a compressor, a condenser, a decompression device, and an evaporator mounted on a vehicle by a refrigerant pipe, and a ventilation blower that introduces air outside the vehicle into the vehicle and discharges air inside the vehicle to the outside of the vehicle. And a total heat exchanger for exchanging heat between air supply into the vehicle and exhaust air to the outside of the vehicle by the ventilation blower, wherein the condenser is provided downstream of the exhaust gas of the total heat exchanger, and the evaporator is A ventilation and air conditioner for a vehicle, provided on the downstream side of the supply air of a total heat exchanger. 上記冷媒回路と換気送風機と全熱交換器とを一体化して1つのユニットとしたことを特徴とする請求項1記載の車両用換気及び空気調和装置。The ventilation and air conditioner for a vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the refrigerant circuit, the ventilation blower, and the total heat exchanger are integrated into one unit. 車両に搭載された圧縮機、凝縮器、減圧装置、蒸発器及び上記蒸発器と並列関係に接続される増設蒸発器を冷媒配管で接続して構成された冷媒回路と、車外の空気を車内に導入すると共に、車内の空気を車外に排出する換気送風機と、上記換気送風機による車内への給気及び車外への排気を熱交換させる全熱交換器とを備え、上記増設蒸発器を上記全熱交換器の給気の下流側に設けたことを特徴とする車両用換気及び空気調和装置。A refrigerant circuit configured by connecting a compressor, a condenser, a decompression device, an evaporator, and an additional evaporator connected in parallel with the evaporator mounted on the vehicle with a refrigerant pipe, and air outside the vehicle into the vehicle. A ventilation blower that introduces and exhausts air inside the vehicle to the outside of the vehicle; and a total heat exchanger that exchanges heat between air supply to the inside of the vehicle and exhaust outside the vehicle by the ventilation blower. A vehicular ventilation and air conditioner provided on the downstream side of supply air of an exchanger.
JP2003035074A 2003-02-13 2003-02-13 Ventilation and air conditioning system for vehicles Pending JP2004243873A (en)

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JP2009214648A (en) * 2008-03-10 2009-09-24 Mitsubishi Electric Corp Vehicular air conditioner and railroad vehicle having the same
JP2012001036A (en) * 2010-06-15 2012-01-05 Panasonic Corp Air conditioner for vehicle
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JP2013193668A (en) * 2012-03-22 2013-09-30 Panasonic Corp Air conditioner for vehicle
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