JP2004240256A - Electronic musical instrument - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To enable fermata performance when reading and reproducing performance data. <P>SOLUTION: An electronic musical instrument has a fermata operator for designating a fermata, and a reproducing means for waiting reading of the next performance data in the case that the fermata is designated when the performance data are read and reproduced, and not erasing a sound if the sound exists during current sound generation processing. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO&NCIPI

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an electronic musical instrument, and more particularly, to an electronic musical instrument for reproducing performance data.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Some electronic musical instruments have an automatic performance function of sequentially reading and reproducing performance data. Fermata is a symbol on the score. Fermata extends notes and rests to arbitrary lengths. Automatic performance proceeds according to performance data. Therefore, the user cannot instruct the fermata in real time in the automatic performance.
Also, Patent Document 1 below is disclosed.
[0003]
[Patent Document 1]
JP-A-4-156592
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
It is an object of the present invention to enable fermata performance when reading and reproducing performance data.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
According to one aspect of the present invention, a fermater operator for instructing a fermata, and when performing a reproduction process by reading performance data, when a fermata is instructed by operating the fermata operator, the next performance data An electronic musical instrument having a playback unit that waits for the reading of a sound, and does not mute the sound if any sound is currently being sounded.
[0006]
According to the present invention, it is possible to instruct the fermata by operating the fermata operating element. That is, when the performance data is read out and reproduced, if a fermata is indicated, a fermata effect of a note or a rest can be obtained in real time.
[0007]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
FIG. 1 shows a configuration of a panel switch 100 of an electronic musical instrument according to an embodiment of the present invention. This electronic musical instrument has an automatic performance function. The automatic performance is a process of sequentially reading and reproducing performance data. The panel switch 100 includes a fermata switch 101, a start switch 102, a stop switch 103, a rewind switch 104, and a fast-forward switch 105. The fermata switch 101 is a switch for instructing a fermata at an arbitrary position during an automatic performance. For example, while the operator is pressing the fermata switch 101, a fermata instruction is issued. Fermata allows the desired note or rest to be extended to any length. The start switch 102 is a switch for starting automatic performance. The stop switch 102 is a switch for stopping automatic performance. The rewind switch 104 is a switch for rewinding the playback position of the automatic performance. The fast-forward switch 105 is a switch for fast-forwarding the playback position of the automatic performance.
[0008]
FIG. 2A shows a normal automatic performance process. The beat clock CLK is a clock in beat units. The clock T_Clock is a timer value that is sequentially incremented according to time, and is cleared for each beat. The rising of the note event NoteEvent indicates a note-on event (key-pressing event), and the falling indicates a note-off event (key-release event). The decay sound SA is, for example, a tone color of a piano, and indicates an envelope waveform of the decay sound corresponding to the note event NoteEvent. The sustain sound SB is, for example, a tone color of an organ, and indicates an envelope waveform of the sustain sound corresponding to the note event NoteEvent. The envelope waveform corresponds to the waveform of the volume. The operator can select a timbre. Depending on the timbre, it becomes a decay sound or a continuous sound.
[0009]
First, the attenuation sound SA will be described. When the note-on event is read out at the timing t1, a sound generation process is performed. Then, the envelope waveform rises and then attenuates. The envelope of the decay sound SA depends on the note-on event and does not depend on the note-off event.
[0010]
Next, the continuous sound SB will be described. When the note-on event is read out at the timing t1, a sound generation process is performed. That is, the envelope waveform rises, and thereafter, the envelope waveform maintains a predetermined level. Next, at a timing t2, when the note-off event is read, a mute process is performed. That is, the envelope waveform is attenuated. The envelope of the sustain sound SB depends on a note-on event and a note-off event.
[0011]
FIG. 2B shows the automatic performance process of Fermata. The fermata flag Ferdata_F is at a high level when the fermata switch 101 is pressed and at a low level when the fermata switch 101 is not pressed.
[0012]
When the note-on event is read out at the timing t1, the envelope waveforms of the damping sound SA and the sustaining sound SB rise as described above. Next, at a timing t2, the fermata switch 101 is pressed, and thereafter, the pressed state is maintained. Next, at a timing t3, the fermata switch 101 is opened. During the period t2 to t3 during which the fermata switch 101 is pressed, the fermata is instructed.
[0013]
When the fermata is instructed, the process waits for the next performance data to be read, and if there is a sound currently being sounded, the sound is not muted. Even if Fermata is instructed during the sounding of the decay sound SA, the sounding sound does not extend. That is, in the attenuation sound SA, the envelope when the fermata shown in FIG. 2A is not designated is the same as the envelope when the fermata shown in FIG. 2B is designated.
[0014]
On the other hand, if the fermata is instructed during the sounding of the sustained sound SB, the sounding sound is extended. In other words, in the sustained sound SB, the envelope in the case where the fermata in FIG. 2 (B) is indicated is larger than the envelope in FIG. 2 (A) where the fermata is not indicated. For example, the note of the nth beat extends.
[0015]
In the period t2 to t3 during the fermata instruction, the beat clock CLK is interrupted, and the increment of the clock T_Clock is also interrupted. When the fermata instruction is released at the timing t3, the beat clock CLK restarts, and the increment of the clock T_Clock also restarts. At this time, the beat clock CLK restarts from the subsequent (n + 1) th beat.
[0016]
Thereafter, when the note-off event is read out at the timing t4, the mute processing is performed. Thereby, the continuous sound SB is attenuated. When the fermata instruction is released, for example, performance data of the next (n + 1) th beat or later that has been waiting is read out and reproduced.
[0017]
The performance data has time information. When the fermata is not instructed, the performance proceeds according to the time information in the performance data. When Fermata is indicated, a note or rest extends. When the fermata instruction is released, the reproduction process of the performance data is resumed from the point of the fermata instruction.
[0018]
FIG. 3A shows the configuration of performance data. The performance data includes a plurality of performance data 300 arranged in order. Each performance data 300 has time information 301 and an event 302. The time information 301 indicates the time (the number of clocks) from the previous event 302 to the own event 302. The event 302 includes a note event and the like.
The note event includes a note-on event and a note-off event.
[0019]
FIG. 3B shows a configuration of the note event 310. The note event 310 has a note command 311, a note number 312, and a velocity 313.
The note command 311 is a command indicating a note event. The note number 312 is a pitch. The velocity 313 is a strength, and corresponds to a volume or the like. When the value of the velocity 313 is 1 to 127, the note event 310 is a note-on event, and when the value is 0, the note event 310 is a note-off event.
[0020]
FIG. 4 is a block diagram illustrating a hardware configuration of the electronic musical instrument according to the present embodiment. To the bus 400, a CPU 401, a ROM 402, a RAM 403, a flexible disk controller 404, a panel scan circuit 408, and a sound source (tone generator) 410 are connected.
[0021]
The panel switch 409 corresponds to the panel switch 100 in FIG. 1 and includes a fermata switch 101 and other switches 102 to 105. The panel scan circuit 408 supplies operation information to the bus 400 according to the operation of the panel switch 409. The flexible disk drive 405 stores performance data of a plurality of music pieces. The flexible disk controller 404 supplies the performance data of the flexible disk drive 405 to the bus 400. The performance data may be stored in the ROM 402.
[0022]
When the start of the automatic performance is instructed by the start switch 102, the CPU 401 reads out the performance data and outputs a tone parameter to the sound source 410. At this time, the CPU 401 suspends the reproduction process when the fermata is instructed, and resumes the reproduction process when the fermata instruction is released. The sound source 410 generates a tone signal based on the tone parameters and outputs the tone signal to the D / A converter 411. The D / A converter 411 converts the tone signal from a digital format to an analog format and outputs it to the amplifier 412.
The amplifier 412 amplifies the tone signal and outputs it to the speaker 413. A tone is generated from the speaker 413.
[0023]
The ROM 402 stores performance data, computer programs, and the like. The CPU 401 performs processes and the like in FIGS. 5 to 9 described later according to the computer program. In addition, the CPU 401 performs a timer interrupt process of FIG. 6 described later according to the time information of the timer 414. The RAM 403 has a work area for the CPU 401 and the like.
[0024]
FIG. 5 is a flowchart illustrating a main routine of a process performed by the electronic musical instrument according to the present embodiment. When the power of the electronic musical instrument is turned on, the following processing is performed. First, in step S501, processing other than steps S502 to S504 described later is performed. Next, in step S502, panel switch processing corresponding to the operation of the panel switch 409 is performed. Details of this processing will be described later with reference to FIG. Next, in step S503, envelope processing is performed. Details of this processing will be described later with reference to FIG. Next, in step S504, a sequencer reproduction process is performed. Details of this processing will be described later with reference to FIG. Thereafter, the process returns to step S501, and the process is repeated.
[0025]
FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing a timer interrupt routine. This process is periodically performed at predetermined time intervals (for example, 10 ms) by interruption of the timer 414. First, in step S601, processing other than steps S602 and S603 described later is performed.
[0026]
Next, in step S602, it is checked whether or not the fermata flag Ferdata_F is on. The fermata flag Ferdata_F is turned on when the fermata switch 101 is pressed, and turned off when the fermata switch 101 is not pressed. The details will be described later with reference to FIG. If the fermata flag Fermat_F is off, the process proceeds to step S603, and if it is on, the process ends.
[0027]
In step S603, the clock T_Clock is incremented. The clock T_Clock is a clock that increases on a regular basis and is a minimum unit of clock. After that, the process ends.
[0028]
As shown in FIG. 2B, the clock T_Clock is incremented when the fermata is not instructed, and the clock T_Clock is not incremented while the fermata is instructed.
[0029]
FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing details of the panel switch processing in step S502 of FIG. First, in step S701, processing other than steps S702 to S705 described later is performed. For example, the processing described above is performed according to the operation of the switches 102 to 105.
[0030]
Next, in step S702, it is checked whether or not a fermata switch on event has occurred due to the pressing operation of the fermata switch 101. If an ON event has occurred, the process proceeds to step S703. If an ON event has not occurred, the process proceeds to step S704. In step S703, 1 is set to the fermata flag Ferdata_F. Thereafter, the process proceeds to step S704.
[0031]
In step S704, it is checked whether a fermata switch off event has occurred due to the opening operation of the fermata switch 101. If an off event has occurred, the process proceeds to step S705, and if no off event has occurred, the process ends. In step S705, 0 is set to the fermata flag Ferdata_F. After that, the process ends.
[0032]
FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing details of the envelope processing in step S503 in FIG. In step S801, an envelope waveform of each activated channel is created. For example, an envelope (volume) waveform of the decay sound SA or the sustain sound SB shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B is created. After that, the process ends.
[0033]
FIG. 9 is a flowchart showing details of the sequencer reproduction process in step S504 in FIG. First, in step S901, processing other than steps S902 to S905 described later is performed.
[0034]
Next, in step S902, it is checked whether the clock T_Clock is equal to or greater than the clock Clock. The clock Clock is a clock used for the sequencer reproduction processing. When an event is processed, the clock is increased by the number of event clocks (time). If the clock T_Clock is equal to or greater than the clock, the process proceeds to step S903; otherwise, the process ends.
[0035]
In step S903, it is checked whether or not there is a performance data event between the clock T_Clock and the clock Clock. If there is an event, the process proceeds to step S904; otherwise, the process ends.
[0036]
In step S904, the above event processing is performed. If there is a note-on event, the note-on event is read and sound generation processing is performed. If there is a note-off event, the note-off event is read out to perform a mute process.
[0037]
Next, in step S905, the clock Clock_event is added to the clock Clock. The clock Clock_event is a value held for each event, and is the number of clocks (relative time) from the immediately preceding event. After that, the process returns to step S903, and the process is repeated.
[0038]
As shown in FIG. 6, the clock T_Clock does not increase during fermata indication. Therefore, the conditional expression in step S902 is not satisfied, and the process ends. As a result, processing for the next performance data is on standby. When the fermata instruction is released, the increase of the clock T_Clock is resumed, and the processing of the next performance data is resumed.
[0039]
Although an example of a fermata switch has been described above, other fermata operators may be used. For example, a fermater operator such as a foot switch or a knee switch may be provided.
[0040]
As described above, according to the present embodiment, when the performance data is read and the reproduction process is performed, when the fermata is instructed by operating the fermata operator, the reading of the next performance data is waited, and the current sound generation process is performed. If there is a sound inside, the sound is not muted.
[0041]
Thereby, the fermata can be instructed by operating the fermata operator. That is, when the performance data is read out and reproduced, if a fermata is indicated, a fermata effect of a note or a rest can be obtained in real time.
[0042]
Each of the above-described embodiments is merely an example of a specific embodiment for carrying out the present invention, and the technical scope of the present invention should not be interpreted in a limited manner. That is, the present invention can be implemented in various forms without departing from the technical idea or the main features.
[0043]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, the fermata can be instructed by operating the fermata operator. That is, when the performance data is read out and reproduced, if a fermata is indicated, a fermata effect of a note or a rest can be obtained in real time.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration of a panel switch of an electronic musical instrument according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2A is a diagram showing a normal automatic performance process, and FIG. 2B is a diagram showing a fermata automatic performance process.
FIG. 3A is a diagram illustrating a configuration of performance data, and FIG. 3B is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a note event;
FIG. 4 is a block diagram illustrating a hardware configuration of the electronic musical instrument according to the embodiment.
FIG. 5 is a flowchart illustrating a main routine of a process performed by the electronic musical instrument according to the present embodiment.
FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing a timer interrupt routine.
FIG. 7 is a flowchart illustrating details of a panel switch process.
FIG. 8 is a flowchart illustrating details of an envelope process.
FIG. 9 is a flowchart showing details of a sequencer reproduction process.
[Explanation of symbols]
REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 100 Panel switch 101 Fermata switch 102 Start switch 103 Stop switch 104 Rewind switch 105 Fast-forward switch 400 Bus 401 CPU
402 ROM
403 RAM
404 Flexible disk controller 405 Flexible disk drive 408 Panel scan circuit 409 Panel switch 410 Sound source 411 D / A converter 412 Amplifier 413 Speaker 414 Timer

Claims (6)

A fermata operator for indicating the fermata,
When reading out performance data and performing reproduction processing, when a fermata is instructed by operating the fermater operator, reading of the next performance data is awaited, and if there is a sound currently being sounded, the sound is muted. Electronic musical instrument having reproduction means that does not. The performance data has time information,
2. The electronic musical instrument according to claim 1, wherein said reproducing means causes the performance to proceed in accordance with the time information in said performance data when a fermata is not instructed by operating said fermata operator. 3. The electronic musical instrument according to claim 1, wherein, when the fermata is instructed by operating the fermater operator and the instruction is released, the reproducing unit reads out the next performance data waiting and performs a reproducing process. 4. . The performance data includes a note-on event and a note-off event,
4. The electronic device according to claim 1, wherein the reproducing unit performs a sound generation process if the read performance data is a note-on event, and performs a mute process if the read performance data is a note-off event. 5. Musical instruments. 5. The electronic musical instrument according to claim 1, wherein, when the fermata is instructed while a continuous sound is being generated, the reproducing unit extends the sound being generated and performs a sound generation process. The electronic musical instrument according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein, even when the fermata is instructed while the decay sound is being generated, the reproduction means performs sound generation processing without extending the sound being generated.

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