JP4685226B2 - Automatic performance device for waveform playback - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an automatic performance apparatus for waveform reproduction, and more particularly to an automatic performance apparatus for waveform reproduction used for a sound source that reproduces waveform data divided in predetermined intervals according to performance data.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, in the field of electronic musical instruments, there has been an instruction to play back sampled waveform data using performance data.
[0003]
In recent sound generators, a series of audio waveforms are divided into predetermined intervals, and each interval is changed to a predetermined pitch or generated at a predetermined timing according to performance data input from a keyboard or the like. Can be made.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present invention is a novel automatic performance apparatus for controlling a sound source as described above, and an automatic performance apparatus for waveform reproduction that designates a specific section of a series of waveforms held by the sound source and reproduces the waveform after that section. It is something to be offered.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the invention according to claim 1 of the present invention is based on waveform data composed of a plurality of syllables that can be distinguished from each other, a sound generation mode that indicates a sound generation mode, and a time series that indicates playback An automatic performance device for waveform reproduction used for a sound source to be reproduced based on the performance data of the performance data, based on the sound generation mode, the performance data, and the waveform related data including the serial number and time length of each syllable Is a time-series sequence data indicating a reproduction mode in which the sound source reproduces each syllable when the sound source is sequentially transmitted from the beginning to the sound source, and the performance data and the sound source reproduce each syllable from the beginning of the syllable. Sequence data including reproduction syllable data indicating a reproduction mode including whether to reproduce, and any time position of the sequence data A designation means for designating whether to start reproduction from the sequence data, and reproduction syllable data indicating that the syllable is reproduced from the beginning after the time position designated by the designation means is detected from the sequence data, and the detected reproduction syllable is detected. The sound source is instructed to start playback from the syllable indicated by the data, and further, the performance data included in the sequence data is sequentially transmitted to the sound source as time passes from the time position of the detected playback syllable data, and Based on the performance data before the time position of the detected playback syllable data and the sound generation mode, the performance data before the time position of the detected playback syllable data at a predetermined timing and output after the start of the playback the performance data that is not as an output means for sending to the source It is intended.
[0006]
Therefore, according to the first aspect of the present invention, the performance can be started from the designated time position .
[0007]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, an example of an embodiment of an automatic performance apparatus for waveform reproduction according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0008]
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an electronic musical instrument provided with an automatic performance device for waveform reproduction according to an example of an embodiment of the present invention. The automatic performance apparatus for waveform reproduction according to the present invention is realized by the CPU 10 by a software program.
[0009]
This electronic musical instrument is configured to control the overall operation using a central processing unit (CPU) 10.
[0010]
The CPU 10 includes a read only memory (ROM) 14 in which a predetermined program for controlling the overall operation is stored via the bus (BUS) 12 and various register groups necessary for the CPU 10 to execute the program. 2 is composed of a random access memory (RAM) 16 as a working area, a control group 18 including a keyboard and a mouse, a liquid crystal panel, and the like, and various data (described later) shown in FIG. 3 is connected to a MIDI interface (MIDI IF) 22 for inputting / outputting MIDI data between an indicator 20 for displaying graphics in the manner shown in FIG. 3 and an external MIDI device such as an electronic keyboard instrument. Has been.
[0011]
The sound source 24 encodes and stores continuous speech using PCM, and also divides the speech into a plurality of partial waveforms such as “c”, “re”, “le”, “ya”, and the waveform is information related to the waveform. Relevant data is stored.
[0012]
Each section is hereinafter referred to as syllable, but is not limited to syllable in terms of phonetics, but is divided into sections in which certain characteristics of speech are constant.
[0013]
The sound source 24 reproduces the syllable according to the performance information that is input. The sound generation mode is set by an operator group or by automatic performance data.
[0014]
The present invention is an automatic performance device that controls the sound source 24, and creates and stores sequence data based on performance data input from a keyboard device or the like.
[0015]
When the player watches syllables that are graphically displayed in have groups Dzu in the sequence data, it is possible to perform such editing, to confirm the tone to be actually reproduced by the edited sheet over Kensudeta, It can be played back even from an intermediate sequence.
[0016]
Hereinafter, the sequence data will be described.
[0017]
The automatic performance apparatus according to the present invention does not store the waveform itself to be played, but stores waveform related data in the RAM 16. When the performer selects a waveform to be played, the sound source 24 may send the waveform-related data to the automatic performance device, or the automatic performance device may have it in advance.
[0018]
These waveform-related data are set by being analyzed (encoded) by the sound source 24 or input by the performer when the waveform is input and stored.
[0019]
The waveform related data is shown in FIG. 2A and will be described below.
[0020]
(1) Original key OrgKey
This key is used as a reference for the entire audio waveform, and is set using the note number.
[0021]
(2) Syllable number SylNo.
This is the serial number of the syllable and is also an identifier that specifies the syllable. When the sound source 24 inputs this syllable number, the sound source 24 prepares to start playback from that syllable.
[0022]
(3) Character string SylC
Data indicating a character string is stored corresponding to each syllable, and the performer inputs data indicating the content or pronunciation of the syllable.
[0023]
(4) Syllabic length SLlength
The syllable time length, and the unit is tick. When an audio waveform is input, the tempo of the audio waveform (beats per minute, BPM) is input. A value obtained by dividing the tempo value by a predetermined value (for example, 480) is called a tick. Therefore, the absolute time length of the syllable length becomes longer as the tempo becomes slower, and becomes shorter as the tempo becomes faster.
[0024]
(5) Syllabic original key SOrgKey
The key of each syllable is memorized by note number.
[0025]
Here, the original key and the syllable original key will be described. The syllable original key is the pitch that is played when the note number of the note-on signal is the original key. When the note number of the note-on signal that is input is different, the syllable pitch also changes by the difference. And played. For example, if the original key is 60 and the syllable original key is 66, if the note-on note number is 60, the pitch of the syllable is played at 66, but the note-on note number is one more. 61, the syllable is played at 67.
[0026]
A specific graphical example of the above (2), (3), (4), and (5), which is the original syllable data, is shown in FIG.
[0027]
When performance data is input from an external device, the automatic performance device of the present invention first creates note data. Next, an aspect in which each syllable is reproduced in the selected sound generation mode based on the created note data is created as reproduction syllable data, and a series of sequence data is obtained.
[0028]
The note data includes a duration indicating the time from note-on to note-off corresponding to the note-on (duration unit is tick), note identifier (NoteID) that is a note identifier, and note number (NoteNo.) Original. It consists of a note offset (NoteOffset) indicating the difference from the key. FIG. 2B shows a specific example of note data. FIG. 3B graphically represents the note data.
[0029]
A description will be given of how each syllable is reproduced in each sound generation mode (legato mode, retrigger mode, and step mode), and how reproduced syllable data is created. In the following description, monaural pronunciation, that is, the case where a musical tone corresponding to one key is pronounced when there are a plurality of key presses simultaneously will be described.
[0030]
(1) Legato mode Legato mode is a legato performance (when note-on information is supplied, note-off information corresponding to note-on information supplied before that is not supplied yet), and a certain syllable. Is being played, the pitch is changed to correspond to the pitch of the new note-on information and syllable playback continues. Reproduce.
[0031]
If it is not a legato performance, playback starts from the first syllable according to the new note-on information.
[0032]
In addition, when note-off information is supplied, note-on information with a note number different from that of the note-off information is supplied before that. If the note-off information is not supplied, note-on information at that time is supplied. Is considered to be caused by a legato performance.
[0033]
FIG. 2 (c) shows a specific example thereof, and FIG. 3 (c) shows a graphical aspect thereof. The first note data (note number 60) is input at the time of clock 0 (hereinafter, the clock unit is a tick), and the first syllable (Syl No. 1) and key 66 (Key 66) are input accordingly. ), Sub (Sub This syllable is set to “0” if the syllable is played from the beginning of the syllable, and set to “1” if the syllable is played from the middle.) 0, up to 250 clocks, so the length is 250 (L250), reproduction syllable data whose character string (SylC) is “hal” is created and inserted next to the note data.
[0034]
Next, since the original syllable key is 64, the second syllable “le” is reproduced for a length of 110 until the clock 360 for inputting the second note data with the key 64. Reproduction syllable data representing this is inserted next to the reproduction syllable data.
[0035]
Since the second note data (note number 62) is generated at the clock 360, the key of the second syllable is changed to 66 from this time.
[0036]
Since this reproduction syllable data is a syllable from the middle, the sub is set to 1 and is reproduced up to the clock 480, and the length is 120. In the clock 480, the next syllable “lu” is reproduced in the period of the clock 120 up to the clock 600 to which the note-off information of the second note data is supplied by the key 69. This reproduction syllable data is inserted next to the second note data.
[0037]
In the clock 600, the first note data is turned on with legato, and after the third syllable “lu” is reproduced with the key 67 for the remaining 60 clocks, the fourth syllable “yaj” is the same. The sound is reproduced up to a clock 970 at a pitch of 67. These reproduction syllable data are added next to the reproduction syllable data to create a series of sequence data.
[0038]
(2) Re-trigger mode In the re-trigger mode, when new note-on information is supplied regardless of the legato performance, it is played from the first syllable at a pitch according to the pitch of the note-on information. The
[0039]
When note-off information is supplied, playback of the syllable being played is stopped. At this time, if another note is turned on and note-off information is not supplied, it is assumed that the note-on information is supplied at that time.
[0040]
FIG. 2 (d) shows a specific example thereof, and FIG. 3 (d) shows a graphical aspect thereof. The first note data (note number 60) is input at the time of clock 0, and the first syllable “hal” is reproduced by the key 66 up to the clock 250 in response to this, and the reproduced syllable data is note data. Is inserted next.
[0041]
Next, since the original syllable key is 64, the second syllable “le” is reproduced for a length of 110 until the clock 360 for inputting the second note data with the key 64. Reproduction syllable data representing this is inserted next to the reproduction syllable data.
[0042]
When the second note data (note number 62) is input in the legato performance, the reproduction of the second syllable is stopped, and the first syllable “hal” is recorded with the key 68 as a note of the second note data. The period of the clock 240 up to the clock 600 to which the off information is supplied is reproduced. This reproduction syllable data is inserted next to the second note data.
[0043]
At the clock 600, the first note data is turned on with legato, and after the first syllable “hal” is reproduced 250 clocks by the key 66, the second syllable is reproduced by the key 64 up to the clock 970. . These reproduction syllable data are added next to the reproduction syllable data to create a series of sequence data.
[0044]
(3) Step mode In the step mode, in the case of a legato performance, each time a new note-on information is received, syllables are sequentially reproduced. If it is not a legato performance, when new note-on information is supplied, it is played from the first syllable. When note-off information is supplied, playback of the syllable being played is stopped.
[0045]
Similarly, the playback syllable pitch depends on the original key, the original syllable key, and the note number in each mode.
[0046]
FIG. 2 (e) shows a specific example thereof, and FIG. 3 (e) shows a graphical aspect thereof. The first note data (note number 60) is input at the time of clock 0, and the first syllable “hal” is reproduced by the key 66 up to the clock 250 in response to this, and the reproduced syllable data is note data. Is inserted next.
[0047]
Next, the second note data (note number 62) is input at the time of the clock 360, and the second syllable “le” is reproduced in response to this by the key 66 during the period of the clock 230 up to the clock 590. The This reproduction syllable data is inserted next to the second note data to create a series of sequence data.
[0048]
Next, a method for reproducing sequence data stored in the RAM 16 will be described.
[0049]
When playing back from the beginning of the waveform, that is, when playing back sequentially from the top syllable, only the note data in the sequence data is read, and note-on information and note-off information are transmitted to the sound source 24 over time.
[0050]
Since this process is the same as that of a conventional automatic performance device, the description thereof is omitted.
[0051]
On the other hand, when reproducing from a syllable in the middle, on the display device 20 displaying the above-described mode shown in FIG. 3, a start is instructed after setting a cursor at a time TP at which reproduction is desired.
[0052]
Then, the CPU 10 executes processes (1) to (7) described below in the main routine.
[0053]
(1) Search reproduction syllable data whose reproduction syllable data sub is 0 after the set time, and set the pointer P to the reproduction syllable data.
[0054]
(2) The current time T is set as the start time of the syllable.
[0055]
(3) For note events from the beginning of sequence data to time T, a note that has not been sent off at time T is detected, and the time at which note off should be sent and the note number are stored in the note table. To do.
[0056]
(4) The syllable number of the reproduction syllable data indicated by the pointer P is sent to the sound source 24.
[0057]
(5) A note-on corresponding to the syllable is sent to the sound source 24.
[0058]
(6) The pointer P is incremented to the next note data.
[0059]
(7) Set to generate a timer interrupt at tick intervals.
[0060]
When the set interrupt occurs, the interrupt routine of the flowchart shown in FIG. 4 is started. When the timer interrupt routine is started, the current time T is incremented by “1” (S402), and it is determined whether or not the clock of the note data indicated by the pointer P has reached the current time (S404). If it has arrived, the note-on information is output to the sound source (S406), and the note number and the time to output the note-off information are stored in the note table.
[0061]
The pointer P is advanced by "1" (S408), and if the data indicated by the pointer represents the end of the sequence data, the end flag ENDF is set to "1" (S412) (this flag is processed in the main routine ( 7) is set to “0”).
[0062]
If there is data, it is determined whether the data is note data (S414). If it is not note data, the pointer P is further advanced.
[0063]
In S416, it is checked whether or not note-off information to be output at that time is stored in the note table. If so, the next process is performed in the sound generation mode (S418).
[0064]
(1) A note number other than the note-off information to be output at this time is stored in the legato mode note table, and a note number that becomes valid by outputting this note-off information. If information is not output to the sound source 24, note-on information corresponding to the note number is output first, then note-off information to be output at this time is output, and the data is deleted from the note table. .
[0065]
(2) Re-trigger mode The note-off information is output and the data is deleted from the note table.
[0066]
Next, when the note number is stored in the note table and becomes valid by the note-off information and the note-on information is not sent to the sound source 24, the note-on information is sent.
[0067]
(3) Step mode The note-off information is output.
[0068]
In the above (1) and (2), the note number that becomes valid is a note number corresponding to the most recent note-on information.
[0069]
In S420, if all note-off information is output and the end flag is set, or if stop is instructed by an operator (not shown) (S420), the timer interrupt is prohibited and the automatic performance is stopped. (S422).
[0070]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, the present invention is excellent in that when a series of waveforms is composed of a plurality of syllables, the syllable in the middle of the waveform can be reproduced when the waveform is reproduced by the automatic performance device. There is an effect.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a block configuration diagram of an electronic musical instrument provided with an automatic performance device for waveform reproduction according to an example of an embodiment of the present invention.
FIGS. 2A and 2B are explanatory diagrams schematically showing an example of a data configuration, where FIG. 2A shows waveform related data, FIG. 2B shows performance data (note data), and FIG. 2C shows sequence data in legato mode; (D) shows sequence data in the retrigger mode, and (e) shows sequence data in the step mode.
FIGS. 3A and 3B are explanatory diagrams showing a mode when the data structure shown in FIG. 2 is displayed on a display as a figure, wherein FIG. 3A shows original syllable data, FIG. 3B shows performance data (note data); (C) shows sequence data in legato mode, (d) shows sequence data in retrigger mode, and (e) shows sequence data in step mode.
FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing a timer interrupt routine.
[Explanation of symbols]
10 Central processing unit (CPU)
12 Bus (BUS)
14 Read-only memory (ROM)
16 Random access memory (RAM)
18 Operation unit 20 Display unit 22 MIDI interface (MIDI I / F)
24 sound source

Claims (1)

An automatic performance device for waveform reproduction used for a sound source for reproducing waveform data composed of a plurality of syllables that can be distinguished from each other on the basis of a sound generation mode instructing a sound generation mode and time-series performance data instructing reproduction. ,
Based on the sound generation mode, the performance data, and waveform-related data including the serial number and time length of each syllable, the sound source reproduces each syllable when the performance data is sequentially sent from the beginning to the sound source. Creating sequence data including time-sequential sequence data, the performance data and reproduction syllable data indicating a reproduction mode including whether the sound source reproduces each syllable from the beginning of the syllable or from the middle,
Designation means for designating from which time position of the sequence data reproduction is started;
The sound source is configured to detect reproduction syllable data indicating that the syllable is reproduced from the beginning after the time position designated by the designation means from the sequence data, and to start reproduction from the syllable indicated by the detected reproduction syllable data. Further, from the time position of the detected reproduction syllable data, the performance data included in the sequence data is sequentially sent to the sound source as time elapses, and the performance data before the time position of the detected reproduction syllable data is Output means for transmitting performance data before the time position of the detected reproduction syllable data, which has not been output after the start of reproduction, to the sound source at a predetermined timing based on the sound generation mode An automatic performance device for waveform reproduction comprising:

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