JP2004224805A - Method for producing modified fluororesin film - Google Patents
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Abstract
Description
【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、ふっ素樹脂フィルムを電離性放射線の照射により架橋させる改質ふっ素樹脂フィルムの製造方法、特に薄いふっ素樹脂フィルムを耐熱性基材に積層して架橋させた後に、ふっ素樹脂フィルムと耐熱性基材を容易に剥離または分離することができる改質ふっ素樹脂フィルムの製造方法に関するものである。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
ふっ素樹脂を、低酸素濃度雰囲気中かつポリテトラフルオロエチレンの結晶融点以上の温度で電離性放射線を照射して架橋することが既に知られている（例えば、特開２０００−１５９９１４）。ふっ素樹脂は、高い分子量で存在するポリマー故に、その融点以上においても大きい溶融粘度を示すポリマーとして知られている。このことにより、融点以上の温度においても成形体の形状を維持することが可能であり、シートあるいはフィルム状のものに融点以上の温度で電離性放射線を照射することにより架橋させることができる。
【０００３】
しかしながら、例えば、厚さが１ｍｍ程度の薄いふっ素樹脂フィルムを融点以上の温度で電離性放射線を照射すると、形状を維持することが困難であり、皺が発生したり、波打ち状の外観を呈するという問題がある。
【０００４】
薄いふっ素樹脂フィルムを架橋させる方法として、基材となる金属、セラッミクスあるいは高分子からなる板状、箔状または管状などの材料に対し予めふっ素樹脂の粉体を塗布せしめるか、あるいはふっ素樹脂を基材にライニングあるいはコーティングなどして被覆した材料をふっ素樹脂の融点以上の温度に加熱し、実質的に無酸素下で電離性放射線を照射して架橋させた後、改質ふっ素樹脂を該基材から大気中または溶液中で剥離または分離、あるいは該基材を溶解させることにより、平滑な表面かつ均一な膜厚の薄いフィルムを得る方法が提案されている（例えば、特許文献１）。そして、改質ふっ素樹脂を基材から剥離または分離する具体的方法としてｐＨ６〜８の水溶液に浸漬する方法が提案されている（例えば、特許文献１）。
【０００５】
【特許文献１】
特開２００２−３０１６６号公報（段落「０００８」、「００１７」）。
【０００６】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、単に水溶液中で改質ふっ素樹脂フィルムを基材から剥離または分離しようとしても、容易に剥離または分離できないという問題が新たに指摘されるようになった。
【０００７】
本発明の目的は、ふっ素樹脂フィルムに皺が発生したり、波打ち状の外観を呈することなく架橋することができ、しかも、架橋後の改質ふっ素樹脂フィルムを基材から容易に剥離または分離することができる改質ふっ素樹脂フィルムの製造方法を提供することにある。
【０００８】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は、上記目的を達成するため、耐熱性基材とふっ素樹脂フィルムの積層体を、低酸素濃度雰囲気かつふっ素樹脂の融点以上の温度で電離性放射線を照射してふっ素樹脂を架橋させ、５０℃以上の温水または水蒸気に晒して耐熱性基材からふっ素樹脂フィルムを分離する改質ふっ素樹脂フィルムの製造方法を提供する。
【０００９】
本発明においては、耐熱性基材にふっ素樹脂フィルムが積層された状態でふっ素樹脂の融点以上に加熱して架橋処理が行われるため、ふっ素樹脂フィルムの形状を維持することが可能となり、皺が発生したり、波打ち状の外観となるのが防止される。また、架橋処理後、５０℃以上の温水または水蒸気に晒すことにより、耐熱性基材からふっ素樹脂フィルムを容易に剥離したり分離したりすることが可能となる。特に、本発明は、厚さが１ｍｍ以下の改質ふっ素樹脂フィルムを得るのに効果的である。
【００１０】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明において、耐熱性基材にふっ素樹脂フィルムを積層する方法としては、基材に対してふっ素樹脂の粉体を塗布する方法、ふっ素樹脂をライニングまたはコーティングして被覆する方法、およびふっ素樹脂のフィルムを重ね合わせる方法等をあげることができる。
【００１１】
本発明において、ふっ素樹脂としては、ポリテトラフルオロエチレン（ＰＴＦＥ）、テトラフルオロエチレン−ヘキサフルオロプロピレン系共重合体（ＦＥＰ）およびテトラフルオロエチレン−パーフルオロアルキルビニルエーテル系共重合体（ＰＦＡ）等をあげることができる。ふっ素樹脂としてＰＴＦＥを使用する場合、ＰＴＦＥ粉末を塊状に圧縮成形し、焼成して得られた成形物を切削法により薄いフィルムとし、このフィルムを耐熱性基材と積層して架橋処理に供することができる。
【００１２】
耐熱性基材としては、ふっ素樹脂の結晶融点（３２７℃）以上の温度に加熱された場合であってもふっ素樹脂フィルムどうしを融着させることがなく、基材自体が熱による著しい変形、溶融、分解などを受けることがなく、架橋の阻害要因となっている酸素やその他架橋時に発生する生成ガスの除去が可能である材料が使用される。例えば、金属の箔またはメッシュがあり、その金属の材質としては、アルミニウム、アルミニウム合金、ステンレス、チタンおよびチタン合金等がある。耐熱性樹脂のフィルムとしてもよく、その材質としては、ポリイミド、ポリアミドイミド、ポリエーテルケトンおよびポリベンゾイミダゾール等がある。また、耐熱材料の織布または不織布としてもよく、その場合の材質としては、ガラスおよびカーボン等がある。
【００１３】
ふっ素樹脂フィルムと耐熱性基材の積層体を架橋処理するに際しては、酸素濃度１０ｔｏｒｒ以下の不活性ガス雰囲気下で、且つふっ素樹脂の融点以上に加熱された状態で電離性放射線を吸収線量が１ｋＧｙ〜１０ＭＧｙの範囲となるよう照射することにより行われることが好ましい。酸素濃度が１０ｔｏｒｒを越える雰囲気下では、十分な架橋効果が達成されない可能性があり、又、電離性放射線の吸収線量が１ｋＧｙ未満では十分な架橋効果が達成されない可能性があり、１０ＭＧｙを越えると伸び等の著しい低下を招く可能性がある。より好適には、５０ｋＧｙ〜１ＭＧｙである。
【００１４】
電離性放射線としては、γ線、電子線、Ｘ線、中性子線、あるいは高エネルギーイオン等が使用される。透過力を有する線質のものが好ましく、本発明の目的達成のためにはγ線、Ｘ線または電子線が適している。電子線を用いる場合は、透過力を考慮して５×１０６電子ボルト以上、好ましくは７×１０６電子ボルト以上のものが適している。電離性放射線を照射するに際しては、ふっ素樹脂をその結晶融点以上に加熱しておく必要がある。ふっ素樹脂としてＰＴＦＥを使用する場合は、この材料の融点である３２７℃以上にＰＴＦＥを加熱した状態で電離性放射線を照射する必要があり、ＰＦＡの場合は３１０℃、ＦＥＰの場合は２７５℃以上に加熱して照射する必要がある。ふっ素樹脂を融点以上に加熱することにより、ふっ素樹脂を構成する主鎖の分子運動を活発化させ、その結果、分子間の架橋反応を効率良く促進させることが可能となる。但し、過度の加熱は、逆に分子主鎖の切断と分解を招くようになるので、このような解重合現象の発生を抑制する意味合いから、加熱温度はふっ素樹脂の融点よりも１０〜３０℃高い範囲内に抑えることが好ましい。
【００１５】
本発明において、ふっ素樹脂フィルムと耐熱性基材との積層体を電離性放射線を照射してふっ素樹脂を架橋させた後は、５０℃以上の温水または水蒸気に晒してから耐熱性基材とふっ素樹脂フィルムを剥離または分離すると、ふっ素樹脂フィルムに傷等が付くことなく、また、短時間のうちに剥離または分離することができる。３０〜４０℃程度の温水であっても剥離または分離が可能であるが、温水中への浸漬時間が１分以上と長時間になり、改質ふっ素樹脂フィルムの大量生産に際して障害となる。すなわち、改質ふっ素樹脂フィルムを効率的に製造するには、ふっ素樹脂フィルムと耐熱性基材との積層体に電離性放射線を照射する工程と、改質ふっ素樹脂フィルムと耐熱性基材を剥離または分離する工程が連続していることが必要であるが、剥離または分離のために温水への浸漬時間が長時間要する場合は、両工程を連続させることは不可能となるからである。
【００１６】
【実施例】
［実施例１］
厚さ８０μｍ、幅４００ｍｍのアルミニウムシートの表面にＰＴＦＥを５０μｍの厚さでコーティングした積層体（日東電工（株）製ＵＴＦ複合シート）に対し、酸素濃度１ｔｏｒｒの窒素ガス雰囲気下、３４０°Ｃの加熱温度のもとで電子線を１００ｋＧｙ照射した。続いて、照射した積層体を７０℃の温水中に１０秒間浸漬したところ、アルミニウムシートからＰＴＦＥフィルムを容易に剥離することができ、厚さ５０μｍの平坦な改質ＰＴＦＥフィルムを得ることができた。この改質ＰＴＦＥフィルムの破断強度は２０．７ＭＰａ、破断伸びは３５０％であった。なお、改質前のＰＴＦＥフィルムの破断強度は４４．０ＭＰａ、破断伸びは３８０％であった。
【００１７】
［実施例２］
実施例１と同様の積層体を用い、酸素濃度２ｔｏｒｒの窒素ガス雰囲気下、３４０°Ｃの加熱温度のもとで電子線を１３０ｋＧｙ照射した。続いて、照射した積層体を６０℃の温水中に１０秒間浸漬したところ、アルミニウムシートからＰＴＦＥフィルムを容易に剥離することができ、厚さ５０μｍの平坦な改質ＰＴＦＥフィルムを得ることができた。この改質ＰＴＦＥフィルムの破断強度は２０．３ＭＰａ、破断伸びは３５０％であった。
【００１８】
［実施例３］
実施例１と同様の積層体を用い、実施例１と同様の条件で電子線を照射した。続いて、照射した積層体を蒸気圧０．５ＭＰａの水蒸気中に１０秒間置いたところ、アルミニウムシートからＰＴＦＥフィルムを容易に剥離することができ、厚さ５０μｍの平坦な改質ＰＴＦＥフィルムを得ることができた。この改質ＰＴＦＥフィルムの破断強度は２４．２ＭＰａ、破断伸びは３５０％であった。
【００１９】
［比較例１］
実施例１と同様の積層体を用い、実施例１と同様の条件で電子線を照射した。続いて、照射した積層体を水に浸漬することなくアルミニウムシートからＰＴＦＥフィルムを剥離しようとしたが、剥離強度が０．１５Ｎ／ｃｍあり、剥離することができなかった。
【００２０】
［比較例２］
実施例１と同様の積層体を用い、実施例１と同様の条件で電子線を照射した。続いて、照射した積層体を４０℃の温水中に１０秒間浸漬してからアルミニウムシートからＰＴＦＥフィルムから剥離しようとしたが、剥離強度が０．２Ｎ／ｃｍあり、剥離することができなかった。
【００２１】
【発明の効果】
以上説明してきた通り、本発明は、耐熱性基材とふっ素樹脂フィルムとの積層体を、低酸素濃度雰囲気かつふっ素樹脂の融点以上の温度で電離性放射線を照射してふっ素樹脂を架橋させ、５０℃以上の温水または水蒸気に晒して耐熱性基材からふっ素樹脂フィルムを剥離または分離するものであり、ふっ素樹脂フィルムに皺が発生したり、波打ち状の外観を呈することなく架橋することができ、しかも、架橋後の改質ふっ素樹脂フィルムを基材から容易に剥離または分離することができるようになる。[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method for producing a modified fluororesin film in which a fluororesin film is crosslinked by irradiation of ionizing radiation, and in particular, after laminating and crosslinking a thin fluororesin film to a heat-resistant substrate, the fluororesin film and heat resistance The present invention relates to a method for producing a modified fluororesin film capable of easily peeling or separating a substrate.
[0002]
[Prior art]
It is already known to crosslink a fluororesin by irradiating it with ionizing radiation in a low oxygen concentration atmosphere and at a temperature equal to or higher than the crystal melting point of polytetrafluoroethylene (for example, JP-A-2000-159914). Fluororesins are known as polymers that exhibit high melt viscosities above their melting point due to the high molecular weight of the polymer. Thus, the shape of the molded article can be maintained even at a temperature equal to or higher than the melting point, and the sheet or film can be cross-linked by irradiating it with ionizing radiation at a temperature equal to or higher than the melting point.
[0003]
However, for example, when a thin fluororesin film having a thickness of about 1 mm is irradiated with ionizing radiation at a temperature equal to or higher than the melting point, it is difficult to maintain the shape, and it is wrinkled or has a wavy appearance. There's a problem.
[0004]
As a method of cross-linking a thin fluororesin film, a material such as a plate, foil, or tube made of a metal, ceramics, or a polymer as a base material is coated with a fluororesin powder in advance, or a fluororesin is used as a base material. After the material coated by lining or coating the material is heated to a temperature equal to or higher than the melting point of the fluororesin, and irradiated with ionizing radiation under substantially oxygen-free crosslinking, the modified fluororesin is applied to the base material. There has been proposed a method of obtaining a thin film having a smooth surface and a uniform film thickness by peeling or separating from a substrate in air or a solution, or dissolving the substrate (for example, Patent Document 1). As a specific method for peeling or separating the modified fluororesin from the substrate, a method of immersing the modified fluororesin in an aqueous solution having a pH of 6 to 8 has been proposed (for example, Patent Document 1).
[0005]
[Patent Document 1]
JP-A-2002-30166 (paragraphs “0008” and “0017”).
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, a new problem has been pointed out that simply peeling or separating the modified fluororesin film from the substrate in an aqueous solution cannot be easily performed.
[0007]
An object of the present invention is to allow the fluororesin film to be wrinkled or crosslinked without exhibiting a wavy appearance, and to easily peel or separate the crosslinked modified fluororesin film from the substrate. To provide a method for producing a modified fluororesin film that can be used.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention, in order to achieve the above object, a laminate of a heat-resistant base material and a fluororesin film, a low oxygen concentration atmosphere and cross-linking the fluororesin by irradiating ionizing radiation at a temperature equal to or higher than the melting point of the fluororesin, Provided is a method for producing a modified fluororesin film that separates a fluororesin film from a heat-resistant substrate by exposing it to hot water or steam at 50 ° C. or higher.
[0009]
In the present invention, since the cross-linking treatment is performed by heating at a temperature higher than the melting point of the fluororesin in a state where the fluororesin film is laminated on the heat-resistant base material, the shape of the fluororesin film can be maintained, and wrinkles can be maintained. It is prevented from generating or having a wavy appearance. Further, after the crosslinking treatment, the fluororesin film can be easily peeled or separated from the heat-resistant substrate by exposing it to hot water or steam at 50 ° C. or higher. In particular, the present invention is effective for obtaining a modified fluororesin film having a thickness of 1 mm or less.
[0010]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
In the present invention, as a method of laminating a fluororesin film on a heat-resistant substrate, a method of applying a fluororesin powder to the substrate, a method of lining or coating the fluororesin, and a method of coating the fluororesin A method of laminating films and the like can be given.
[0011]
In the present invention, examples of the fluororesin include polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), tetrafluoroethylene-hexafluoropropylene-based copolymer (FEP), and tetrafluoroethylene-perfluoroalkylvinyl ether-based copolymer (PFA). be able to. When PTFE is used as the fluororesin, the PTFE powder is compression-molded into a lump, and the molded product obtained by firing is formed into a thin film by a cutting method, and the film is laminated with a heat-resistant base material and subjected to a crosslinking treatment. Can be.
[0012]
As a heat-resistant base material, even when heated to a temperature higher than the crystal melting point (327 ° C.) of the fluororesin, the fluororesin films do not fuse together, and the base material itself is significantly deformed and melted by heat. A material that does not undergo decomposition or the like and is capable of removing oxygen, which is a hindrance factor for crosslinking, and other generated gases generated during crosslinking is used. For example, there is a metal foil or mesh, and examples of the material of the metal include aluminum, aluminum alloy, stainless steel, titanium, and titanium alloy. A heat-resistant resin film may be used, and examples of the material include polyimide, polyamideimide, polyetherketone, and polybenzimidazole. Further, a woven or non-woven fabric of a heat-resistant material may be used, and in such a case, glass, carbon, or the like is used.
[0013]
When cross-linking the laminate of the fluororesin film and the heat-resistant base material, the ionizing radiation is absorbed at a dose of 1 kGy in an inert gas atmosphere having an oxygen concentration of 10 torr or less and heated to a temperature equal to or higher than the melting point of the fluororesin. The irradiation is preferably performed so as to be in the range of 10 to 10 MGy. In an atmosphere where the oxygen concentration exceeds 10 torr, a sufficient cross-linking effect may not be achieved. In addition, if the absorbed dose of ionizing radiation is less than 1 kGy, a sufficient cross-linking effect may not be achieved. There is a possibility that remarkable decrease such as elongation may be caused. More preferably, it is 50 kGy to 1 MGy.
[0014]
As the ionizing radiation, γ-rays, electron beams, X-rays, neutron beams, high energy ions and the like are used. It is preferable that the material has a penetrating power, and γ-rays, X-rays or electron beams are suitable for achieving the object of the present invention. In the case of using an electron beam, an electron beam of 5 × 10 6 electron volts or more, preferably 7 × 10 6 electron volts or more is suitable in consideration of transmission power. When irradiating with ionizing radiation, it is necessary to heat the fluororesin above its crystalline melting point. When PTFE is used as the fluororesin, it is necessary to irradiate ionizing radiation while heating the PTFE to 327 ° C. or more, which is the melting point of this material, 310 ° C. for PFA, and 275 ° C. or more for FEP. It is necessary to irradiate with heating. By heating the fluororesin to a temperature equal to or higher than the melting point, the molecular motion of the main chain constituting the fluororesin is activated, and as a result, the cross-linking reaction between molecules can be efficiently promoted. However, excessive heating, on the contrary, causes the breaking and decomposition of the main chain of the molecule, so from the viewpoint of suppressing the occurrence of such a depolymerization phenomenon, the heating temperature is 10 to 30 ° C. lower than the melting point of the fluororesin. It is preferable to keep it within a high range.
[0015]
In the present invention, after the laminate of the fluororesin film and the heat-resistant substrate is irradiated with ionizing radiation to crosslink the fluororesin, the laminate is exposed to warm water or steam at 50 ° C. or higher, When the resin film is peeled or separated, the fluororesin film can be peeled or separated in a short time without being damaged. Peeling or separation is possible even with warm water of about 30 to 40 ° C., but the immersion time in warm water is as long as 1 minute or more, which is an obstacle to mass production of modified fluororesin films. In other words, in order to efficiently produce the modified fluororesin film, a step of irradiating the laminate of the fluororesin film and the heat-resistant substrate with ionizing radiation, and peeling the modified fluororesin film and the heat-resistant substrate Alternatively, it is necessary that the steps of separation are continuous, but if a long time of immersion in warm water is required for peeling or separation, it is impossible to continue both steps.
[0016]
【Example】
[Example 1]
A laminate (a UTF composite sheet manufactured by Nitto Denko Corporation) having a surface of an aluminum sheet having a thickness of 80 μm and a width of 400 mm coated with PTFE at a thickness of 50 μm was subjected to 340 ° C. in a nitrogen gas atmosphere having an oxygen concentration of 1 torr. An electron beam was irradiated at 100 kGy under the heating temperature. Subsequently, when the irradiated laminate was immersed in warm water at 70 ° C. for 10 seconds, the PTFE film could be easily peeled from the aluminum sheet, and a flat modified PTFE film having a thickness of 50 μm could be obtained. . The breaking strength of this modified PTFE film was 20.7 MPa, and the breaking elongation was 350%. The PTFE film before modification had a breaking strength of 44.0 MPa and a breaking elongation of 380%.
[0017]
[Example 2]
Using the same laminate as in Example 1, an electron beam of 130 kGy was irradiated under a heating temperature of 340 ° C. in a nitrogen gas atmosphere having an oxygen concentration of 2 torr. Subsequently, when the irradiated laminate was immersed in warm water at 60 ° C. for 10 seconds, the PTFE film could be easily peeled from the aluminum sheet, and a flat modified PTFE film having a thickness of 50 μm could be obtained. . The breaking strength of this modified PTFE film was 20.3 MPa, and the breaking elongation was 350%.
[0018]
[Example 3]
Using the same laminate as in Example 1, the electron beam was irradiated under the same conditions as in Example 1. Subsequently, when the irradiated laminate was placed in steam having a vapor pressure of 0.5 MPa for 10 seconds, the PTFE film could be easily peeled from the aluminum sheet to obtain a flat modified PTFE film having a thickness of 50 μm. Was completed. The breaking strength of this modified PTFE film was 24.2 MPa, and the breaking elongation was 350%.
[0019]
[Comparative Example 1]
Using the same laminate as in Example 1, the electron beam was irradiated under the same conditions as in Example 1. Subsequently, an attempt was made to peel the PTFE film from the aluminum sheet without immersing the irradiated laminate in water, but the peel strength was 0.15 N / cm, and the laminate could not be peeled.
[0020]
[Comparative Example 2]
Using the same laminate as in Example 1, the electron beam was irradiated under the same conditions as in Example 1. Subsequently, the irradiated laminate was immersed in warm water at 40 ° C. for 10 seconds and then attempted to be peeled from the PTFE film from the aluminum sheet, but the peel strength was 0.2 N / cm, and the laminate could not be peeled.
[0021]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, the present invention cross-links the fluororesin by irradiating the laminate of the heat-resistant base material and the fluororesin film with ionizing radiation at a low oxygen concentration atmosphere and at a temperature equal to or higher than the melting point of the fluororesin, Exposure to hot water or steam at 50 ° C. or higher to separate or separate the fluororesin film from the heat-resistant base material. The fluororesin film can be crosslinked without wrinkles or wavy appearance. In addition, the crosslinked modified fluororesin film can be easily peeled or separated from the substrate.
Claims (6)
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| US10703867B2 (en) | 2016-06-10 | 2020-07-07 | E-Beam Services, Inc. | Thermal treatment of irradiated material solids using a heat transfer liquid |
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