JP2004216861A - Drying and pre-processing apparatus for square timber - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a drying and pre-processing apparatus for square timber capable of automatically and smoothly performing a drying pre-processing process for preventing the occurrence of strain and accelerating drying by a simple structure and capable of obtaining a square timber product of good quality not causing a surface crack, a twist, bending or the like for a short drying time in a good yield. <P>SOLUTION: This drying and pre-processing apparatus for square timber is equipped with a feed mechanism for feeding rectangular timber and a drying pre-processing part main body. The drying pre-processing part main body is equipped with a split liner mechanism for cutting a split liner in the respective surfaces of a roughly cut square timber obtained by roughly cutting material wood into a square cross-sectional shape and a wound mechanism for applying a large number of surface injuries to the respective surfaces of the roughly cut square timber. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a pre-drying processing apparatus for wooden timbers represented by columns, girders, and beams.

Pillars, girders, and beams belong to the group of sawmills as lumber and are structural materials that are indispensable for construction and other purposes.
Conventionally, such timber is generally processed into a square cross-section in a rough sawing process in which a log (log) is cut on four sides with a saw, and sent to a drying device as it is to be dried until the water content is within a specified range. Then, the dried rough ground pillar material is modified and ground so that each surface has a prescribed size, for example, 120 × 120 mm when the surface is a pillar, and 240 × 120 mm when the material is a horizontal material such as a beam or a girder. The ground was fixed and shipped as a product.

  However, in the prior art, it is inevitable that distortion such as surface cracking, twisting and bending occurs in the drying process, and such symptoms can hardly be improved in the correction grinding process, so square materials that do not become products are generated, and the yield is reduced due to a decrease in yield. As well as increasing the drying cost, this has led to an increase in the overall product cost.

  The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, and an object of the present invention is to perform a pre-drying processing step for preventing generation of distortion and promoting drying automatically and smoothly with a simple structure. An object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus for pre-drying a wooden timber that enables a good quality timber product to be obtained with a good yield during a drying period and without occurrence of surface cracks, twists, bending, and the like.

  In order to achieve the above object, the pre-drying device for wooden timber of the present invention includes a transport mechanism for transporting the timber in the longitudinal direction and a pre-drying processing portion main body, and the pre-drying processing portion main body has a square cross section of the raw wood. The present invention is characterized in that a spine splitting mechanism for splitting a spine on each side of the coarsely ground timber, and a wound mechanism for making a large number of surface scratches on each side of the roughened squared timber are provided.

  According to the present invention, a pre-drying processing step for preventing distortion and promoting drying can be automatically and smoothly performed with a simple structure, and has a short drying period and has good quality without occurrence of surface cracks, twists, and bends. An excellent effect that it is possible to obtain a square timber product with a high yield is obtained.

  Preferably, the pre-drying processing section main body has a plurality of feed rollers at the bottom of the frame and a plurality of press rollers for pressing the square bar at the top, and a space between the feed roller and the press roller, There is provided a spine saw mechanism including a saw and a left and right saw, and a wound mechanism including an upper and lower body and a left and right body each provided with a large number of wound pieces. Preferably, the upper and lower parts and the left and right parts are provided with rollers having a large number of wound pieces arranged on the outer periphery.

  According to this aspect, when the roughed material sent by the transport mechanism enters the pre-drying processing portion main body, the roughed material is positioned by the feed roller and the pressing roller so as not to be vertically displaced, and is moved in the longitudinal direction in that state. The upper and lower parts and the left and right parts of the wound mechanism projecting into the transfer path are in rolling contact with the roughened material, whereby a large number of wound pieces are stuck or cut into four surfaces of the roughened material, A number of surface flaws on the pitch are automatically applied to the four sides. At the same time, when the upper and lower saws and the left and right saws come into contact with each other from the leading end of the roughened material, slit-shaped spines are automatically inserted sequentially on the four surfaces. Therefore, an excellent effect that processing for preventing generation of distortion and promoting drying can be automatically and continuously performed is obtained.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
1 to 6 show an embodiment of a pre-drying processing apparatus according to the present invention.
In FIG. 1, reference numeral D denotes a pre-drying processing apparatus which is a feature of the present invention, and includes a transport mechanism 16 for transporting a rectangular piece in the longitudinal direction, a pre-drying processing section main body 17 installed downstream thereof, And a transport mechanism 18 for transporting the cut timber.

The pre-drying processing section main body 17 is shown in detail in FIGS. 2 to 6. A feed roller 31 is disposed at a predetermined interval at a lower portion of the frame 30, and a pressing roller 32 is disposed at a predetermined interval at an upper portion. Is arranged. The feed roller 31 includes one that is driven by a motor and one that is freely rotated.
Each pressing roller 32 is supported by an inclined arm 32a, and the arm 32a can be moved up and down by an actuator (not shown).

  Further, a ruler 34 for abutting the lateral surface of the square bar is fixedly provided in an area corresponding to one side of the feed roller 31, and is pressed against the ruler 34 in contact with the other horizontal surface of the square bar in an area corresponding to the other side. A plurality of retractable pressing mechanisms 35 are provided. The holding mechanism 35 includes an actuator 35a such as an air cylinder, an arm 35b connected to an output section of the actuator 35a, and a roller 35c rotatably held by the arm.

In the space between the feed roller 31 and the press roller 32, a spine saw mechanism 36, 36 'and a wound mechanism 37, 37' are arranged, and in this embodiment, the corners of the dried timber can be chamfered. Are also arranged.
The back splitting saw mechanism 36, 36 'includes a vertical saw 36 and a left and right saw 36', and includes a motor 36a and a circular saw 36b driven by the motor 36a. The motor or a base on which the motor is mounted is mounted on a linear guide 36c, and can be displaced by an actuator 36d such as an air cylinder so that the saw blade can be retracted to a position where the saw blade does not contact the square bar during the chamfering process.
The circular saw 36b may be single or plural, and it is preferable that the circular saw 36b can be replaced with a motor output shaft as a unit.

  The wound mechanisms 37 and 37 'are composed of an upper and lower body 37 and a left and right body 37', each of which is provided with a roller 37a having a large number of wound pieces 370 arranged on the outer periphery thereof, and an inclined member for supporting the axis of the roller. Arm 37b and an actuator 37c for pressing the roller 37a against the square material through the arm 37b at the time of wounding, and for retracting the wound piece 370 to a position not in contact with the square material at the time of chamfering.

  In this embodiment, the rear end of the arm 37b is pivotally supported so as to be swingable, and the action point of the actuator 37c is connected to the middle of the arm 37b. The wound piece 370 may be a conical hard spike or nail, or a scraping spatula.

One of the up-down member 37 and the left-right member 37 'is preferably driven and rotated by a motor. The motor may be directly connected to the roller shaft, or may be fixed to the arm and transmitted to the roller shaft via a transmission element such as a chain and a sprocket.
Note that, in this example, the arrangement order of the spine saw mechanisms 36 and 36 'and the wound mechanisms 37 and 37' is such that the latter is arranged on the upstream side and the former is arranged on the downstream side, but may be reversed.

  A total of two pairs of the chamfering mechanisms 38 and 38 'are provided at positions corresponding to diagonal lines of the square members, and each includes a motor 38a and a cutter 38b driven by the motor 38a. The motor or a base on which the motor is mounted can be displaced so that the cutter can be retracted to a position where the cutter does not contact the square member during wound processing.

In addition, in FIG. 1, A is a carry-in section, which is provided with a movable platen 5 such as a chain drive deck that receives a log (dried timber) and translates it.
B is a sawing portion installed downstream of the loading portion A, and is capable of performing rough grinding and correction grinding by exchanging blades.
The sawing portion B is located near a loader 6 with a stopper disposed at the end of the movable platen 5 and, similarly to a known device, positions and clamps several places of a log (square material after drying). The transport mechanisms 7, 7 which are moved to the side (to the right in the drawing) in the state, the paired saws 8 provided on the portal frame 8a located in the transport direction of the transport mechanisms 7, 7 and the portal frame 8a. The vehicle includes a movement guide path 9 installed earlier, and a cutting plate unloading mechanism 10 including a chain conveyor or the like extending in a direction perpendicular to the movement guide path 9. The distance between the pair of saws 8 is freely expandable and contractible.

  C is a cross section that cuts both ends in the longitudinal direction of the square bar that has been processed in the sawing portion B and that has been subjected to the pre-processing and drying, and is a roller-type conveyor or the like adjacent to the transport mechanisms 7, 7 of the sawing portion B. 11, a drive roller 12 for positioning the bar, a conveyor 13 of a chain type or the like for moving the bar in the longitudinal direction, and two crossing saws 14 which can move up and down as shown in FIG.

  The log 1 is loaded into the sawing portion B, and several positions are positioned and clamped by the transport mechanisms 7 and 7, and are moved to the side (to the right in the drawing) in this state. In the moving direction, the distance between the pair of saws 8 is adjusted according to the rough size, and the first sawing is performed by sending the log 1 in a state where the pair of saws 8 is rotationally driven, so that the first sawing is performed. Is cut at the 180-degree symmetrical position to have a Tyco shape in cross section. Next, the log is returned to the original position by the transport mechanisms 7, 7, rotated 90 degrees, clamped again, and moved by the transport mechanisms 7, 7 to perform the second cutting, as shown in FIG. The rough material 2 has a rectangular cross section. As shown in FIG. 7, a plate-grain portion 200 appears on each surface, and cut-off straight-grain portions 201, 201 appear near each corner.

The rough material 2 is transferred to the transport mechanism 16 and transported to the pre-drying processing apparatus D of the present invention. At this time, in the pre-drying processing main body 17, the positions of the upper and lower saws 36 and the left and right saws 36 ′ in the left-right and up-down directions (split position, depth) are adjusted in advance according to the dimensions of the rough material 2. In addition, each of the rollers 37a of the upper and lower body 37 and the left and right body 37 ′ is adjusted by the actuator 37c into the running path. In addition, the chamfering mechanisms 38, 38 'are moved to a position where the cutter does not contact the rough material 2.
When the back split is left in the product, the protruding amount of the saw corresponding to the corresponding surface, for example, the lower surface, is increased.

  When the rough ground material 2 sent by the transport mechanism 16 enters the pre-drying processing portion main body 17, the rough ground material 2 is positioned by the feed roller 31 and the press roller 32 so as not to shift up and down, and the actuator 35 a of the press mechanism 35 By the operation, the roller 35c and the ruler 34 are positioned so as not to shift left and right, and are moved in the longitudinal direction in that state.

When the rough material 2 moves, the rollers 37a of the upper and lower parts 37 and the left and right parts 37 'of the wound mechanism projecting into the transfer path are in rolling contact with the rough material 2, thereby causing a large number of wounds. The pieces 370 are stuck or cut into the four surfaces of the rough sawn material 2, and a large number of surface flaws 4 having a predetermined pitch are automatically formed on the four surfaces.
At the same time, when the upper and lower saws 36 and the left and right saws 36 'come into contact with the leading end of the rough sawn material 1, slit-shaped spines 3 and 3' are automatically inserted in the approximate center of the four surfaces. Thus, the state shown in FIGS. 8 and 9 is obtained.

  The pre-dried rough ground material 2 ′ thus scratched for spine splitting and deaeration is sent out from the pre-dry processing unit main body 17 to the transport mechanism 18, and thereafter, the pre-dried rough ground material 2 ′ is transferred to another place. And dried naturally and / or artificially. FIG. 10 shows a state after drying, which is finished and ground as shown by the phantom line to become a product S as shown in FIG.

When the specification is changed during the manufacturing process and the product needs to be split, a desired one of the upper and lower saws 36 and left and right saws 36 ′ of the spinning saw mechanism in the pre-drying processing body 17 is protruded. Just fine.
If the rectangular material to be manufactured is a rectangular cross-section material such as a beam or a girder, replace it with another pre-drying processing unit main unit that is set with a feed roller, spine saw mechanism, and wound mechanism corresponding to its dimensions. Good.

  Conventionally, the rough ground material 2 was directly dried. However, according to the pre-drying processing apparatus D of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 8, each surface 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d of the rough ground material 2 has a plate. A slit-shaped spine split 3 and 3 'parallel to the eye portion 200 is inserted, and each surface 2a, 2b, 2c and 2d excluding the spine split 3 and 3' is intentionally subjected to a flaw-cutting process to divide the wood fiber, thereby increasing the number. The surface scratches 4 are formed.

In this embodiment, the back split is inserted into the three surfaces 2a, 2b, and 2c as a relatively shallow depth H1, and the remaining one surface 2d has a short split when a product shown in FIG. 11 (a pillar in this example) is formed. 3 "is left at a relatively large depth H2 so as to remain.
The depth H1 is a dimension that is removed at the time of final correction grinding and does not remain on the surface of the product, and is selected from a range of, for example, 4 to 6 mm. The depth H2 is selected from the range of, for example, 25 to 35 mm so that the required depth including the bottom remains at the time of final correction grinding.

  The surface flaws 4 are applied so as to be evenly scattered on the four surfaces 2a, 2b, 2c and 2d at a predetermined pitch, but the surface flaws 4 are removed at the time of final correction grinding and are applied to the surface of the product. The depth that does not remain is selected.

  Conventionally, the drying process was performed with the rough ground column material 2 shown in FIG. 2 or a single back split on only one surface, and the plate portion 201 was cut off by cutting. Tensile stresses can be dispersed by inserting the spine splits 3 and 3 'in the plate portions 21 of the four surfaces 2a, 2b, 2c and 2d, so that distortion such as bending or twisting of wood can be reduced.

  Further, in the rough-grained lumber 2 shown in FIG. 7, the straight grain portion 201 has a grain running in parallel, so that the retained moisture is easy to escape. . On the other hand, in the present invention, the back splits 3 and 3 'are inserted into the board portion 200, and thereby the wood grain is opened on the side wall 300 and the bottom wall 301 constituting the back split, as schematically shown in FIG. Water can be quickly and vigorously drained.

Further, by forming a large number of surface flaws 4 on each of the four surfaces 2a, 2b, 2c, and 2d, first, the stress of the wood and the grain of the wood are cut apart, thereby bending and twisting. And the like can be reduced. Secondly, since the grain of the board portion 200 is opened at each of the surface scratches 4, a large amount of water can be drained more quickly.
According to the present invention, the wood can be dried without exerting a force by the synergistic effect of the surface scratch 4 and the spine splits 3 and 3 ', so that the wood can be dried without losing its original texture and strength, and the drying cost can be reduced. It can be reduced.

  After the completion of the drying step as described above, as shown in FIG. 5, each of the plate-shaped outer layers including the spine split 3 and the surface flaw 4 placed on the three surfaces of the pre-dried and dried rough ground material 2 " The portions 2A, 2B, and 2C are removed, and the remaining one surface is subjected to a correction grinding process so that the spine 3 "having a predetermined depth remains and each outer layer portion 2D including the surface flaw 4 is removed. Thus, the square lumber product S of FIG. 11 is obtained. The product may have chamfered corners.

FIGS. 12 and 13 show a second mode of the surface flaw 4 and the spine splits 3 and 3 'according to the apparatus of the present invention.
In this embodiment, in the pre-drying processing step, the product is formed to a depth such that the spine splits 3 do not remain on all surfaces of the product.

FIGS. 14 to 16 show a third embodiment in which the apparatus of the present invention is applied to the manufacture of girders and beams.
In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 14, the rough ground material 2 has a rectangular cross section, and as shown in FIG. 15, each of the surfaces 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d of the rough ground material 2 has a spine 3 , 3 ′ and intentionally flawed to form a large number of surface flaws 4 to obtain a pre-dried rough ground material 2 ′.

The rough ground material 2 has two opposing surfaces (long side surfaces) 2a and 2d that are approximately twice as wide as the other two surfaces (short side surfaces) 2b and 2c. The number of spine splits 3 for the surfaces 2a and 2d is plural (three in the drawing), and the short side surfaces 2b and 2c are single.
One of the spine splits on one long side surface 2d and one spine split on one short side surface 2b have a depth H2 that remains even when the product 6 is obtained.
The spine splitting and the scratching are performed under the same conditions as in the first embodiment, and the adjusting material is dried in a drying step. After drying, the outer layer portions 2A to 2D including the surface flaw 4 and the spine having a shallow depth H1 are removed by a correction grinding process to obtain a product S shown in FIG.

FIGS. 17 and 18 show a fourth embodiment in which the present invention is applied to the manufacture of girders and beams.
In this embodiment as well, as shown in FIG. 17, spine splits 3 and 3 'are formed on each surface 2a, 2b, 2c and 2d of the rough sawn material 2, and a large number of surfaces are intentionally scratched. A flaw 4 is formed. The number of spines 3 for the long sides 2a, 2d is plural (three in the drawing), and the short sides 2b, 2c are single, but all spines are removed at the time of correction grinding. The third embodiment differs from the third embodiment in that the depth is set. Others are the same as those of the embodiment described above.

  The present invention is suitable for a pre-drying processing step when manufacturing columns, girders, and beams.

It is a top view of the manufacturing apparatus of the wooden timber incorporating the pre-drying processing apparatus by this invention. It is a cross-sectional view of the device of the present invention. It is a vertical side view of the device of the present invention. It is a vertical front view of the positioning mechanism of the processing part main body before drying. It is a vertical front view of the wound mechanism of the processed part main body before drying. It is a vertical front view of the spine split mechanism of the processed body before drying. It is a partial perspective view of a rough grinding state. It is a partial perspective view in the state where the pre-drying processing step was completed. FIG. 9 is a partially enlarged view of FIG. 8. It is sectional drawing which shows the state after drying. It is a partial perspective view of the state which became a product. It is a partial perspective view showing the state after the pre-drying processing step of the second mode. It is a partial perspective view of the state which became a product. It is a partial perspective view showing the rough grinding state of the 3rd mode. It is a partial perspective view showing the state after the pre-drying processing step of the third mode. It is a partial perspective view of the state which became a product. It is a partial perspective view showing the state after the pre-drying processing step of the fourth mode. It is a partial perspective view of the state which became a product.

Explanation of reference numerals

Reference Signs List 2 rough-cut square wood 2 'rough-cut square wood that has been processed before drying 2 "rough-cut square wood before drying and dried S product 3, 3' split 4 Surface scratches D pre-drying processing unit 17 pre-drying processing body 31 feed roller 32 Pressing roller 36, 36 'Split mechanism 37, 37' Wound mechanism 37a Roller 370 Wound piece

Claims (3)

A spine splitting mechanism that includes a transport mechanism for transporting the timber in the longitudinal direction and a pre-drying processing portion main body, and the pre-drying processing portion main body splits a spine on each surface of the rough sawn timber obtained by roughing the log into a square cross section. An apparatus for pre-drying wooden timber, comprising a wound mechanism for making a large number of surface scratches on each surface of the rough timber. The pre-drying processing section main body has a plurality of feed rollers at the lower part of the frame and a plurality of press rollers for pressing the square bar at the top, and a space between the feed roller and the press roller has a saw for up and down and for left and right. 2. The pre-drying machine for wooden wooden timber according to claim 1, further comprising a spinning saw mechanism comprising a saw, and a wound mechanism comprising upper and lower portions and left and right portions each having a large number of wound pieces. The apparatus for pre-drying wooden timber according to claim 2, wherein the up-down member and the left-right member are provided with rollers having a plurality of wound pieces arranged on the outer periphery.

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