JP2004181456A - 圧力スイング吸着方法、システム及び装置 - Google Patents
圧力スイング吸着方法、システム及び装置 Download PDFInfo
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- B01D—SEPARATION
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Abstract
【解決手段】 (a)床を昇圧すること、(b)原料ガス混合物を吸着剤物質の床に供給して当該少なくとも1種のより容易に吸着できる成分の減少した成分減少ガスを抜き出すこと、(c)当該少なくとも1種のより容易に吸着できる成分を富化した成分富化ガスを床から抜き出すことにより床を圧抜きすること、(d)(a)〜(c)をサイクル式に繰り返すこと、を含み、床長さをL、床容積をVbedとして、当該床はL3/Vbedで求められるアスペクト比を有し、当該床についてのアスペクト比が10未満であり、且つ(b)における当該床の平均の圧力勾配が0.035psi/インチ(0.095kPa/cm)を超える圧力スイング吸着方法とする。
【選択図】 なし
Description
アスペクト比=L3/Vbed (1)
によるアスペクト比を有し、当該床についてのアスペクト比は10未満、5未満、0.25未満、又は0.125未満であり、そして(b)における当該床の平均の圧力勾配は0.035psi/インチ(0.095kPa/cm)を超え、0.05psi/インチ(0.136kPa/cm)を超え、0.5psi/インチ(1.36kPa/cm)を超え、又は1psi/インチ(2.71kPa/cm)を超える。
アスペクト比=L3/Vbed (1)
によるアスペクト比を有し、当該床についてのアスペクト比が10未満、5未満、0.25未満、又は0.125未満であり、且つ(b)における当該床の平均の圧力勾配が0.035psi/インチ(0.095kPa/cm)を超え、0.05psi/インチ(0.136kPa/cm)を超え、0.5psi/インチ(1.36kPa/cm)を超え、又は1psi/インチ(2.71kPa/cm)を超える、多成分原料ガスの分離のための圧力スイング吸着方法が提供される。
アスペクト比=L3/Vbed (1)
によるアスペクト比を有し、当該少なくとも一つの床についてのアスペクト比は10未満、5未満、0.25未満、又は0.125未満である。
アスペクト比=L3/Vbed (1)
によるアスペクト比を有し、当該少なくとも一つの床についてのアスペクト比は10未満、5未満、0.25未満、又は0.125未満である。
アスペクト比=L3/Vbed (1)
によるアスペクト比を有し、当該少なくとも一つの床についてのアスペクト比は10未満、5未満、0.25未満、又は0.125未満である。
アスペクト比=L3/Vbed (1)
によるアスペクト比を有し、当該少なくとも一つの床についてのアスペクト比は10未満、5未満、0.25未満、又は0.125未満である。
アスペクト比=L3/Vbed (1)
を使って求めることができ、この式中のLは床の長さであり、Vbedは床の容積である。
(a)カーボンモレキュラーシーブ吸着剤並びにタイプA、タイプX、モルデナイト及びチャバザイト構造を含めたゼオライト(具体的なゼオライトの例にはCaA、NaX、CaX、NaA、BaX、LiX、NaLSX、CaLSX、BaLSX、AgLSX及びLiLSXが含まれる)から選ばれる吸着剤物質を使用し、製品の成分減少ガスが少なくとも70モル%、少なくとも88〜93モル%、又は少なくとも93モル%の濃度の酸素を含有する場合の、空気でよい原料ガス混合物。
(b)活性炭及びゼオライトから選ばれる吸着剤物質を使用し、製品の成分減少ガスが少なくとも80モル%、少なくとも95モル%、又は少なくとも99モル%の濃度の水素を含有する場合の、水素、一酸化炭素、二酸化炭素、メタン及び窒素の混合物でよい原料ガス混合物。
(c)活性アルミナ、シリカゲル、活性炭、並びにタイプA、タイプX、モルデナイト及びチャバザイト構造を含めたゼオライト(具体的なゼオライトの例にはCaA、NaX、CaX、NaA、BaX、LiX、NaLSX、CaLSX、BaLSX、AgLSX及びLiLSXが含まれる)から選ばれる吸着剤物質を使用し、製品の成分減少ガスが0.5モル%未満の水、0.1モル%未満の水、又は0.01モル%未満の水を含有する乾燥した空気を含有する場合の、空気と水でよい原料ガス混合物。
(d)活性アルミナ、シリカゲル、活性炭、並びにタイプA、タイプX、モルデナイト及びチャバザイト構造を含めたゼオライト(具体的なゼオライトの例にはCaA、NaX、CaX、NaA、BaX、LiX、NaLSX、CaLSX、BaLSX、AgLSX及びLiLSXが含まれる)から選ばれる吸着剤物質を使用し、製品の成分減少ガスが0.5モル%未満の水、0.1モル%未満の水、又は0.01モル%未満の水を含有する乾燥水素/一酸化炭素混合物を含有する場合の、水素、一酸化炭素及び水の混合物でよい原料ガス混合物。
アスペクト比=L3/Vbed (1)
を使って求めることができ、この式中のLは床の長さであり、Vbedは床の容積である。
アスペクト比=L3/Vbed (1)
を使用して求めることができ、この式中のLは床の長さであり、Vbedは床の容積である。
アスペクト比=L3/Vbed (1)
この式のLは床の長さであり、Vbedは床の容積である。
110、210…吸着剤物質
114、214…入口面
118、218…出口面
120、220…吸着剤ハウジング
130、230…固定プレート
140、240…出口弁アレイ
145、245…出口弁
150、250…バネ
190…入口弁アレイ
200…入口弁
290…入口移送機アレイ
300…入口移送機
Claims (29)
- 少なくとも1種のより容易に吸着できる成分を吸着剤物質の床において選択的に吸着することにより多成分原料ガス混合物を分離するための圧力スイング吸着方法であって、
(a)当該床を昇圧すること、
(b)原料ガス混合物を当該吸着剤物質の床を通し床の入口面から床の出口面へ通過させ、当該少なくとも1種のより容易に吸着できる成分を吸着剤物質により選択的に吸着し、床の出口面から出てくる当該少なくとも1種のより容易に吸着できる成分の減少した成分減少ガスを抜き出すこと、
(c)当該少なくとも1種のより容易に吸着できる成分を富化した成分富化ガスを床から抜き出すことにより床を圧抜きすること、
(d)(a)〜(c)をサイクル式に繰り返すこと、
を含み、当該床は床長さLと床容積Vbedを有し、また当該床は次の式(1)
アスペクト比=L3/Vbed (1)
によるアスペクト比を有し、当該床についてのアスペクト比が10未満であり、且つ(b)における当該床の平均の圧力勾配が0.035psi/インチ(0.095kPa/cm)を超える圧力スイング吸着方法。 - 前記原料ガス混合物が空気であり、前記成分減少ガスが70モル%以上の濃度の酸素を含む、請求項1記載の圧力スイング吸着方法。
- 前記成分減少ガスが80モル%以上の濃度の水素を含む、請求項1記載の圧力スイング吸着方法。
- 前記成分減少ガスの生産速度が0.5スタンダードリットル/分と10スタンダードリットル/分の間である、請求項2記載の圧力スイング吸着方法。
- (a)〜(c)の各繰り返しがサイクル時間が15秒以下のサイクルを規定する、請求項1記載の圧力スイング吸着方法。
- 前記吸着剤の床が平均相当径1.0mm未満の吸着剤粒子からなる、請求項1記載の圧力スイング吸着方法。
- 前記吸着剤の床が構造化した吸着剤からなる、請求項1記載の圧力スイング吸着方法。
- 少なくとも1種のより容易に吸着できる成分を入口面と出口面とを有する吸着剤物質の床において選択的に吸着することにより多成分原料ガス混合物を分離するための圧力スイング吸着方法であって、
(a)当該床を昇圧すること、
(b)原料ガス混合物を当該吸着剤物質の床を通過させ、当該少なくとも1種のより容易に吸着できる成分を当該吸着剤物質により選択的に吸着し、床から出てくる当該少なくとも1種のより容易に吸着できる成分の減少した成分減少ガスを抜き出すこと、
(c)当該床からの当該成分減少ガスの抜き出しを停止し、且つ当該床への原料ガスの供給を停止すること、
(d)当該少なくとも1種のより容易に吸着できる成分を富化した成分富化ガスを床から抜き出すことにより当該床を圧抜きすること、
(e)当該床へ当該成分減少ガスのうちの一部を供給して当該吸着剤物質からの当該少なくとも1種のより容易に吸着できる成分の抽出を促進すること、及び
(f)(a)〜(e)の操作をサイクル式に繰り返すこと、
を含み、当該少なくとも1種のより容易に吸着できる成分を原料圧力において上記吸着剤物質により選択的に吸着し、当該床が床長さLと床容積Vbedを有し、また当該床が次の式(1)
アスペクト比=L3/Vbed (1)
によるアスペクト比を有し、当該床についてのアスペクト比が10未満であり、且つ(b)における当該床の平均の圧力勾配が0.035psi/インチ(0.095kPa/cm)を超える圧力スイング吸着方法。 - (a)〜(e)の各繰り返しがサイクル時間15秒以下のサイクルを規定する、請求項9記載の圧力スイング吸着方法。
- 少なくとも1種のより容易に吸着できる成分を吸着剤物質により選択的に吸着することにより多成分原料ガス混合物を分離するための圧力スイング吸着システムであって、
(a)当該吸着剤物質の床であり、当該吸着剤物質が当該少なくとも1種のより容易に吸着できる成分をより強く吸着し、且つ当該床が少なくとも一つの入口面と少なくとも一つの出口面とを有する、当該吸着剤物質の床、
(b)当該多成分原料ガス混合物を当該圧力スイング吸着システムへ供給する少なくとも一つの移送機、及び
(c)当該少なくとも一つの入口面と流体を介して連通する弁のアレイ、
を含み、当該弁が開放から閉鎖の位置へ1秒以下で変わる、圧力スイング吸着システム。 - 前記弁のアレイが少なくとも4個の個別の弁を含む、請求項11記載の圧力スイング吸着システム。
- 前記弁のアレイにおける弁を、圧電式の弁、形状記憶合金の弁、静電式の弁、バイメタルの弁、熱空気式の弁、及び電磁式の弁からなる群より選ぶ、請求項11記載の圧力スイング吸着システム。
- 少なくとも1種のより容易に吸着できる成分を吸着剤物質により選択的に吸着することにより多成分原料ガス混合物を分離するための圧力スイング吸着システムであって、
(a)当該吸着剤物質の床であり、当該吸着剤物質が当該少なくとも1種のより容易に吸着できる成分をより強く吸着し、且つ当該床が少なくとも一つの入口面と少なくとも一つの出口面とを有する、当該吸着剤物質の床、及び
(b)当該少なくとも一つの入口面に流体を介して連通する移送機の少なくとも一つのアレイ、
を含み、当該移送機を通過する流れを2秒未満で開始又は停止することができる、圧力スイング吸着システム。 - 前記床が床長さLと床容積Vbedを有し、また前記床が下式(1)
アスペクト比=L3/Vbed (1)
によるアスペクト比を有し、当該床についてのアスペクト比が10未満である、請求項11又は14記載の圧力スイング吸着システム。 - (c)前記床に流体を介して連通する前記少なくとも一つの出口面の移送機の少なくとも一つのアレイ、
を更に含む、請求項14記載の圧力スイング吸着システム。 - 前記移送機の少なくとも一つのアレイが、
前記床の前記少なくとも一つの入口面と流体を介して連通する原料用移送機のアレイであって、当該原料用移送機が前記原料ガス混合物を前記床へ供給するよう運転する、原料用移送機のアレイ、及び
前記床の前記少なくとも一つの入口面と流体を介して連通する排気用移送機のアレイであって、当該排気用移送機が前記床から成分富化ガスを抜き出すよう運転する、排気用移送機のアレイ、
含む、請求項14記載の圧力スイング吸着システム。 - 前記移送機の少なくとも一つのアレイが、原料ガス供給工程の間は原料ガス混合物を前記床へ移送するよう作動し、且つ再生工程の間は当該床から成分富化ガスを抜き出すよう作動する、請求項14記載の圧力スイング吸着システム。
- 移送機の各アレイが少なくとの4個の個別の移送機を含む、請求項14記載の圧力スイング吸着システム。
- 前記移送機の少なくとも一つのアレイにおける移送機が、圧電式ポンプ、熱空気式ポンプ、静電式ポンプ、電磁式ポンプ、超音波駆動ポンプ、電気浸透ポンプ、ダイヤフラムポンプ及び電気流体力学式ポンプからなる群より選ばれる、請求項14記載の圧力スイング吸着システム。
- 少なくとも1種のより容易に吸着できる成分を吸着剤物質に選択的に吸着することにより多成分原料ガス混合物を圧力スイング吸着分離するための装置であって、
(a)少なくとも一つの入口面と少なくとも一つの出口面を備えた吸着剤物質の床であり、当該吸着剤物質が当該少なくとも1種のより容易に吸着できる成分をより強く吸着する、吸着剤物質の床、及び
(b)当該少なくとも一つの入口面に流体を介して連通する弁のアレイ、
を含み、当該弁が開放から閉鎖の位置まで1秒以下で変わる、圧力スイング吸着分離装置。 - 前記床が、円形断面を持つ円柱、非円形断面を持つ柱状体、直方体、又は二つの同軸円筒体の間の環状領域からなる群より選ばれる幾何学形状を有する、請求項22記載の装置。
- 少なくとも1種のより容易に吸着できる成分を吸着剤物質に選択的に吸着することにより多成分原料ガス混合物を圧力スイング吸着分離するための装置であって、
(a)少なくとも一つの入口面と少なくとも一つの出口面を備えた吸着剤物質の床であり、当該吸着剤物質が当該少なくとも1種のより容易に吸着できる成分をより強く吸着する、吸着剤物質の床、及び
(b)当該少なくとも一つの入口面に流体を介して連通する移送機の少なくとも一つのアレイ、
を含み、当該移送機のアレイを通過する流れを2秒以下で開始又は停止することができる、圧力スイング吸着分離装置。 - 前記床が床長さLと床容積Vbedを有し、また当該床が下式(1)
アスペクト比=L3/Vbed (1)
によるアスペクト比を有し、当該床についてのアスペクト比が10未満である、請求項22又は24記載の装置。 - 個人が持ち運ぶように設計され寸法を定められている、請求項22又は24記載の装置。
- 医療目的用に酸素を供給するよう設計されている、請求項22又は24記載の装置。
- 燃料電池に水素を供給するよう設計されている、請求項24記載の装置。
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- 2003-12-02 AT AT03027736T patent/ATE383903T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2003-12-02 PT PT03027736T patent/PT1426094E/pt unknown
- 2003-12-02 ES ES03027736T patent/ES2295503T5/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
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WO2016117538A1 (ja) * | 2015-01-21 | 2016-07-28 | 大陽日酸株式会社 | 麻酔装置及び水素含有麻酔ガス中の水素濃度制御方法 |
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WO2017018378A1 (ja) * | 2015-07-28 | 2017-02-02 | 国立大学法人 鹿児島大学 | 水素ガス製造装置及び水素ガス製造方法 |
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Also Published As
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ATE383903T1 (de) | 2008-02-15 |
US6802889B2 (en) | 2004-10-12 |
DE60318673D1 (de) | 2008-03-06 |
DE60318673T3 (de) | 2012-01-26 |
ES2295503T5 (es) | 2011-11-10 |
PT1426094E (pt) | 2008-04-28 |
DE60318673T2 (de) | 2008-04-30 |
JP4125667B2 (ja) | 2008-07-30 |
EP1426094A1 (en) | 2004-06-09 |
JP2008207180A (ja) | 2008-09-11 |
ES2295503T3 (es) | 2008-04-16 |
EP1426094B2 (en) | 2011-09-07 |
US20040107831A1 (en) | 2004-06-10 |
EP1426094B1 (en) | 2008-01-16 |
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