JP2004173615A - Method for producing culture medium for agaricus blazei mushroom and agaricus blazei mushroom product - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for producing a culture medium in which high-quality culture medium can favorably be produced and to provide an Agaricus blazei mushroom product. <P>SOLUTION: In the method for producing the culture medium, a salt (salt water 20) is added to a culture medium material 10 and the culture medium material 10 is fermented or the culture medium material 10 in which a bamboo material 12 is mixed is used and the culture medium material 10 is fermented or the culture medium material 10 is packed in a wooden container 50 and the culture medium material 10 is fermented or the culture medium material 10 is housed in a hermetically sealed chamber and the culture medium material 10 is fermented. The Agricus blazei mushroom product is obtained by pulverizing Agricus blazei mushroom or extracting an extract of the Agricus blazei mushroom and contains a salt. The Agricus blazei mushroom product is obtained by pulverizing Agricus blazei mushroom or extracting the extract of the Agricus blazei mushroom and uses the mycelium and the fruit body as raw materials for Agricus blazei mushroom. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method for producing a medium for cultivating agaricus mushrooms, and an agaricus mushroom product produced from agaricus mushrooms.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Agaricus mushroom (also referred to as Agaricus mushroom), which is a mushroom belonging to the Agaricus genus Agaricus, contains a medicinal component effective for human health and is utilized as a medicinal mushroom. This agaricus mushroom is originally native to Brazil, but has been artificially cultivated in recent years. Here, as a medium for cultivating agaricus mushrooms, conventionally, a medium obtained by adding actinomycetes such as natto bacteria to a medium material such as sawdust and fermenting has been used. When commercializing agaricus mushrooms, the mycelium (grown as hyphae) and the fruiting bodies (grown as mushrooms) of agaricus mushrooms are pulverized into powdery products, or from the mycelium and fruiting bodies. The extract was extracted to make a liquid product.
[0003]
The above-described prior art is a general matter, and the present applicant has not found any particular reference to this prior art at the time of filing.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In the conventional method for producing a medium, the medium can be completed in a short period of time, and high-quality agaricus mushrooms can be satisfactorily cultivated. Room was left.
[0005]
Further, the conventional agaricus mushroom products still have room for improvement in terms of improving the palatability and allowing the active ingredients to be ingested satisfactorily, in terms of providing good agaricus mushroom products.
[0006]
The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned circumstances, and has as its object to provide a method for producing a medium capable of favorably producing a high-quality medium, and a good agaricus mushroom product.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The method for producing a medium for agaricus mushrooms according to the invention of claim 1 is characterized in that, when producing a medium for growing agaricus mushrooms, a salt is added to the medium material and the medium material is fermented. is there.
[0008]
Here, as a means for adding the salt, a solid substance may be added to the medium material by mixing, and a liquid substance diluted to an appropriate concentration, that is, `` salt water '' may be added to the medium. You may add by pouring into a material. Alternatively, the salt may be added by immersing the medium material in salt water diluted to an appropriate concentration and impregnating the medium material with the salt water.
[0009]
When salt is added to the medium material, the salt promotes fermentation of the medium material, increasing the fermentation rate and shortening the production period of the medium. Moreover, the sterilization effect of the salt suppresses the growth of harmful germs during the cultivation of Agaricus mushrooms, and improves the quality of the produced medium. Furthermore, when agaricus mushrooms are cultivated with the medium produced according to the present invention, in addition to nutrients in the medium, salts are absorbed by the agaricus mushrooms, which promotes the growth of the agaricus mushrooms, and the salt components are moderately effective as components effective for human health. And the quality of Agaricus mushrooms is improved.
[0010]
As the “salt”, industrially-produced NaCl having a purity of 99% or more may be used. However, when a natural salt produced from natural seawater or rock salt is used, trace elements useful for minerals and organisms are used. It is effective and suitable for promoting fermentation of the medium, improving the quality of the medium itself, promoting cultivation of agaricus mushrooms, improving the quality of agaricus mushrooms, and the like. Here, when the elements contained in natural seawater are analyzed at the level of 0.001 ppm, the following 73 elements are contained, which are particularly suitable because they are effective for fermentation of the culture medium and growing agaricus mushrooms. is there.
[0011]
Natural seawater includes O (oxygen), H (hydrogen), Cl (chlorine), C (carbon), N (nitrogen), Na (sodium), Mg (magnesium), S (sulfur), K (potassium), Ca (calcium), Br (bromine), B (boron), Si (silicon), Sr (strontium), Nb (niobium), Li (lithium), Be (beryllium), Al (aluminum), P (phosphorus), Sc (scandium), Ti (titanium), Hg (mercury), V (vanadium), Cr (chromium), Mn (manganese), Fe (iron), Co (cobalt), Ni (nickel), Tl (thallium), Cu (copper), Zn (zinc), Ga (gallium), Ge (germanium), As (arsenic), Se (selenium), Pb (lead), Y (yttrium), Zr (zirconium), Mo (molybdenum), Ru Ruthenium), Rh (rhodium), Pd (palladium), Bi (bismuth), Ag (silver), Cd (cadmium), In (indium), Sn (tin), Sb (artimon), Te (tellurium), Os ( Osmium), I (iodine), Ba (barium), La (lanthanum), Ce (cerium), Pr (praseodymium), Nd (neodymium), Ir (iridium), Sm (samarium), Eu (europium), Gd ( Gadolinium), Tb (terbium), Dy (dysprosium), Ho (holmium), Pt (platinum), Er (erbium), Tm (thulium), Yb (ytterbium), Lu (ruthenium), Hf (hafnium), Ta ( It contains 73 elements of tantalum), Au (gold), W (tungsten), and Re (rhenium).
[0012]
The method for producing a medium for agaricus mushrooms according to the invention of claim 2 is characterized in that, when producing a medium for growing agaricus mushrooms, a medium material obtained by mixing bamboo materials is used, and the medium material is fermented. Is what you do.
[0013]
When a medium material obtained by mixing bamboo materials is used, various components such as cytokinin (growth hormone) contained in the bamboo materials promote fermentation of the medium material, thereby increasing the fermentation rate and shortening the production period of the medium. In addition, the bactericidal effect of various components such as bamboo quinone extract contained in the bamboo material suppresses the growth of harmful germs during the cultivation of Agaricus mushrooms, thereby improving the quality of the produced medium. Furthermore, when cultivating agaricus mushrooms on the medium produced according to the present invention, in addition to nutrients in the medium, various components useful for living things such as lignin of bamboo are absorbed by agaricus mushrooms, and the growth of agaricus mushrooms is promoted, and The components are moderately added as effective components for human health, and the quality of Agaricus mushrooms is improved.
[0014]
As the bamboo material, an appropriate bamboo material such as raw, dried, or carbonized so-called "bamboo charcoal" can be used, but it is rich in useful components such as cytokinin, takequinone extract, and lignin. It is preferable to use raw bamboo, since this useful component effectively works for fermentation of the culture medium and growing agaricus mushrooms. In addition, although the invention is different from the present invention, an appropriate useful component among the various useful components as described above can be added as a drug.
[0015]
The method for producing a medium for agaricus mushrooms according to the invention of claim 3 is characterized in that, when producing a medium for growing agaricus mushrooms, a wooden container is filled with the medium material and the medium material is fermented. Things.
[0016]
In order to ferment the medium material, actinomycetes such as Bacillus natto are introduced. In the present invention, since a wooden material is used as the medium material container, the actinomycetes are established in the container itself. Therefore, by repeatedly using this container, it is possible to reduce the amount of actinomycetes to be newly added or to omit the introduction of actinomycetes when producing a culture medium. In addition, since actinomycetes are established in the container itself, when a new culture medium is produced, the growth speed of actinomycetes can be increased, and the time required for fermentation of the culture medium can be shortened.
[0017]
In addition, as a material for forming a wooden container, appropriate wood such as cedar, cypress, oak, oak, pine, cherry blossom, and chestnut can be used. Further, in order to ensure appropriate rigidity, an outer frame is formed of a metal such as stainless steel or aluminum, or various resins such as an ABS resin, and an inner frame arranged in the outer frame, which is filled with a medium material. The inner frame serving as a substantial container may be made of wood. Here, in a mode in which the entire container is composed of the outer frame and the inner frame, the outer frame may cover the entire inner frame, or the air permeability of appropriate portions such as the bottom surface and side surfaces of the container may be ensured. Alternatively, a frame that increases the strength of the inner frame may be configured.
[0018]
The method for producing a medium for agaricus mushrooms according to the invention of claim 4 is characterized in that when producing a medium for growing agaricus mushrooms, the medium material is accommodated in a closed chamber and the medium material is fermented. It is.
[0019]
In the present invention, since the medium material is fermented in a closed room, it is easy to accurately control the temperature and humidity, and the medium material can be fermented well. In addition, various bacteria which have a bad influence on the cultivation of Agaricus mushrooms are hardly penetrated into the medium material, and from this point, it is possible to improve the quality of the manufactured medium.
[0020]
The agaricus mushroom product according to the invention of claim 5 is an agaricus mushroom product obtained by pulverizing agaricus mushrooms or an agaricus mushroom product obtained by extracting an agaricus mushroom extract, wherein salt is added. Things.
[0021]
Here, "salt" may be added by mixing a solid material with the raw material of Agaricus mushroom, and the liquid material diluted to an appropriate concentration, that is, "salt water" is a raw material of Agaricus mushroom May be added by immersion. Alternatively, the “salt” may be added by immersing the raw material of Agaricus mushroom in salt water diluted to an appropriate concentration and impregnating the raw material with the salt water.
[0022]
Powdery or liquid agaricus mushroom products are ingested as foods, but if only agaricus mushrooms are used as raw materials, they have poor palatability and are difficult to ingest. Therefore, in the present invention, by adding salt, it is possible to improve the palatability and to make an agaricus mushroom product easy to ingest. In addition, a salt component can be added as an active ingredient that is healthy for the human body, and can improve the efficacy of the Agaricus mushroom product.
[0023]
When using natural salt produced from natural seawater or rock salt, especially those produced from natural seawater, the active ingredients of Agaricus mushrooms are abundant in minerals and trace elements that are beneficial to human health. In combination, it is effective and suitable for human health. In addition, the ingredients for improving the palatability such as koji may be mixed with the raw material of the Agaricus mushroom to further improve the palatability.
[0024]
The agaricus mushroom product according to the invention of claim 6 is an agaricus mushroom product obtained by pulverizing agaricus mushroom or an agaricus mushroom product obtained by extracting an agaricus mushroom extract, wherein mycelium and fruiting bodies are used as raw materials of the agaricus mushroom. Are used.
[0025]
Agaricus mushrooms contain different types and proportions of active ingredients between mycelium and fruiting bodies. Therefore, in the Agaricus mushroom product using the mycelium and the fruiting body as raw materials, only the mycelium, or the Agaricus mushroom product using only the fruiting body as a raw material, the active ingredient of the mycelium and the active ingredient of the fruiting body Together, it is effective for human health.
[0026]
In addition, it is recognized that “β-glucan”, which is one of the active ingredients of Agaricus mushrooms, tends to have a small molecule in the mycelium and a large molecule in the fruit body. Here, the smaller the molecule, the easier it is to be absorbed into the body. However, it is conceivable that the absorption of a large amount of β-glucan at one time may cause adverse effects. On the other hand, an Agaricus mushroom product using mycelium and fruiting bodies as raw materials contains not only β-glucan having a small molecule but also β-glucan having a large molecule. Inhibits a large amount from being absorbed into the body at once. Therefore, the agaricus mushroom product of the present invention is an agaricus mushroom product that can suppress a large amount of β-glucan from being unnecessarily absorbed at a time, and is a good product when taken.
[0027]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, an example of an embodiment of a method for producing a medium for agaricus mushrooms and an agaricus mushroom product according to the present invention will be described.
[0028]
First, an example of a method for producing a medium for agaricus mushrooms will be described with reference to FIG.
[0029]
As shown in FIG. 1A, 30 kg of the main material 11 serving as the base material of the culture medium material 10 is immersed in salt water 20 for 8 to 15 hours to form 72 kg of the main material 11 to which salt has been added.
[0030]
Here, as the salt water 20, salt water 20 obtained by diluting natural salt purified from natural seawater by 5000 to 10,000 times, that is, salt water 20 having a concentration of 0.01 to 0.02% is used. In addition, as the main material 11, corn cob meal obtained by pulverizing corn cob, which is the remaining core from which corn is removed, is used.
[0031]
As for the above corn cob, powdery agaricus, which will be described later, is obtained from tropical and subtropical products such as Thailand and Malaysia and Taiwan from those from temperate and cold regions such as North America and Russia. When a mushroom product is used, the fiber is easily absorbed into the body, which is preferable. As corn cob meal, 0.5 to 5 mm granules and 0.5 mm or less powder are in a ratio of 3: 7 to 7: 3, preferably in a ratio of 4: 6 to 6: 4, and more preferably. It is preferable to use a material having a ratio of about 50% in that the fermentation described below is performed favorably.
[0032]
The main material 11 serving as the base material of the medium material 10 is not limited to corn cob meal, but may be various materials such as sawdust and wood chips, or a mixture of the above various materials and corn cob meal.
[0033]
Next, as shown in FIG. 1B, 5-35 kg of raw bamboo, which is a bamboo material, was crushed into granules of 0.3 to 1 mm as the auxiliary material 12 of the culture medium, and the fermentation nutrient was added to the main material 11. 13-16 kg of okara is mixed as the source nutrient material 13 to form the culture medium material 10 as a whole.
[0034]
Next, as shown in FIG. 1C, the medium material 10 is filled in a wooden container 50, and an actinomycete 30 such as Bacillus natto is fed to ferment the medium material 10. When the container 50 used once is to be used again after the second time, the actinomycete 30 is fixed on the container 50 itself. Can be. Here, as the container 50, a wooden frame having a width and a depth of 80 to 100 cm square and a height of 25 cm is used. In addition, cedar is used as wood constituting the wooden frame. Then, the bottom surface of the container 50 is formed from a mesh material of 5 to 10 mesh, and good air permeability in the container 50 is ensured.
[0035]
Next, the culture medium material 10 is housed together with the container in a highly airtight closed chamber and fermented. In this fermentation step, the room is heated, the medium material 10 is maintained at a temperature of 65 to 85 ° C. for 2 to 4 days, and then naturally cooled. Then, when the temperature of the medium material 10 drops to 40 to 50 ° C, the room temperature is set to 45 to 55 ° C and maintained for 15 to 30 days. At this time, care must be taken so that the medium material 10 does not become oxygen-deficient. However, since the bottom surface of the container 50 is made of a net material and good air permeability is secured, the container 50 may be inadvertently deprived of oxygen. Can be prevented.
[0036]
Finally, when the fermentation of the medium material 10 progresses, the pH becomes 6.5 to 7.2, and the surface of the medium material 10 becomes white and frosty, as shown in FIG. The medium material 10 is transferred from the large wooden container 50 to the small container 60 by 6 to 8 kg at a time, and the room temperature is kept at about 60 ° C., and the temperature is maintained for 8 to 10 hours. To complete the medium for Agaricus mushrooms. Here, a small container 60 having a width of 45 cm × a depth of 30 cm × a height of 20 cm is used, but the material is not limited to wood but may be resin or metal. In the cultivation process of the agaricus mushroom, since the actinomycetes 30 need not be fixed on the container 60 itself, the container 60 should be made of a rigid resin or metal in terms of durability when repeatedly used. Is preferred.
[0037]
Next, the step of growing agaricus mushrooms using the medium produced as described above will be described with reference to FIG.
[0038]
The medium in which the harmful bacteria have been killed by heating is naturally cooled, and when the temperature of the medium drops to 30 to 35 ° C., as shown in FIG. Then, the room temperature is maintained at 26 ° C. and maintained for 1 to 2 months. At this time, cultivation is preferably performed in a closed room so that accurate temperature control can be easily performed. It is also preferable to perform appropriate ventilation so as not to cause oxygen deficiency.
[0039]
After a lapse of one to two months, the mycelium turns white around the entire medium, and the mycelium 41 of the Agaricus mushroom grows. Here, when this mycelium 41 is used as a raw material of an agaricus mushroom product, it is stored in a freezer together with the container 60, completely frozen at -30 to -20 ° C for 24 to 28 hours, and then naturally thawed. Then, the raw material is taken out of the container 60 and the raw material as the mycelium 41 is obtained as shown in FIG.
[0040]
On the other hand, in order to further continue the cultivation and obtain the fruit body 42, as shown in FIG. 2 (d), cover the surface of the culture medium around which the mycelium 41 is entirely covered with soil 70 to a thickness of 3 to 5 cm. The temperature is kept at 26 ° C. and kept for a further 30 to 45 days. Then, as shown in FIG. 2E, mushrooms as fruiting bodies 42 grow to about 5 to 10 cm. Then, the grown fruiting bodies 42 are harvested one by one by hand, and within one hour, the soiled portions are quickly killed and put in a drying room to be completely dried, and the raw material as the fruiting bodies 42 is removed. obtain. Here, in the drying step, while keeping the room temperature of the drying chamber at 40 to 45 ° C. and maintaining a suitable humidity, for example, about 40 to 80%, preferably about 50 to 70%, and more preferably about 60%. When the drying is performed slowly for 7 to 10 hours, the drying proceeds from the inside of the fruit body 42, and the fruit body 42 can be dried well. When the obtained raw material of the fruiting body 42 is stored, immediately after drying, the raw material is put in a freezer and stored frozen at -30 to -20 ° C.
[0041]
Next, a description will be given of a process of producing a powdery and liquid agaricus mushroom product from the raw materials of the mycelium 41 and the fruiting body 42 of the agaricus mushroom obtained from the cultivation process described above.
[0042]
First, a method for producing a powdery agaricus mushroom product will be described. 3 kg of koji is mixed with 7 kg of the raw material composed of the thawed mycelium 41 and left for 1 to 2 hours. At this time, 1 to 100 g of a natural salt purified from natural seawater is added. Thereby, the palatability of the powdery Agaricus mushroom product can be improved. In addition, it is preferable to use rice koji as the above koji, and it is particularly preferable to use pesticide-free duck rice.
[0043]
Next, the mycelium 41 mixed with the koji is put into a drying room, and is completely dried while maintaining at room temperature of 40 to 45 ° C and humidity of 40 to 70% for 7 to 10 hours. Hold for ~ 3 hours to sterilize. Then, 10 to 100 g of the raw material composed of the fruit body 42 that has been frozen and stored is mixed, pulverized by a pulverizer so as to be in the form of a fine powder, put in a package of aluminum, and again in a drying chamber. A sterilization treatment is performed at a temperature of 1 to 2 hours to obtain a powdery Agaricus mushroom product.
[0044]
Next, a method for producing a liquid agaricus mushroom product will be described. 1 kg of koji is mixed with 9 kg of the raw material consisting of the thawed mycelium 41 and left for 1 to 2 hours. At this time, 1 to 100 g of a natural salt purified from natural seawater is added. Thereby, the palatability of the liquid Agaricus mushroom product can be improved. In addition, in the liquid form, the powdery form can be taken better without improving palatability, so that the ratio of the amount of koji and salt to the agaricus mushroom is smaller than that of the powdery form. The ratio of the active ingredient of Agaricus mushroom can be increased. Further, as the above koji, rice koji is preferably used, and in particular, it is also preferable to use pesticide-free duck rice.
[0045]
Next, the mycelium 41 left for 1 to 2 hours was mixed with 10 to 100 g of the raw material consisting of the frozen fruit body 42 and immersed in hot water, and the active ingredient of Agaricus mushroom and the taste component of Koji were removed. Extract and purify the extract. Then, this extract is put in a retort pouch bag excellent in cold and heat resistance at −30 to 130 ° C., and the retort pouch bag is immersed in hot water at 121 ° C. for 20 to 40 minutes and sterilized by pressure to obtain a liquid agaricus mushroom. Products.
[0046]
In the powdery or liquid agaricus mushroom product produced as described above, since salt is added in addition to the taste component of koji, the taste is further increased and the palatability is improved. In addition, in addition to the active ingredients of the mycelium and fruiting bodies of Agaricus mushrooms, various ingredients such as mineral ingredients of natural salt, fibrous corn cob, and active ingredients of bamboo are added, making the product highly effective for human health. ing.
[0047]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention described in detail above, the following effects can be obtained.
[0048]
According to the first to fourth aspects of the present invention, it is possible to provide a method for producing a medium that can favorably produce a high-quality medium.
[0049]
According to the fifth and sixth aspects of the present invention, a good agaricus mushroom product can be provided.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a process chart showing a process for producing a medium for Agaricus mushrooms.
FIG. 2 is a process diagram showing a cultivation process of Agaricus mushroom.
[Explanation of symbols]
10 medium material 11 main material (corn cob meal)
12 Secondary material (bamboo)
13 Nutritional ingredients (Okara)
20 salt water (salt water diluted with natural salt)
Reference Signs List 30 Actinomycetes 40 Agaricus mushroom inoculum 41 Mycelium of Agaricus mushroom 42 Fruit body of Agaricus mushroom 50 Container 60 Container 70 Soil

Claims (6)

A method for producing a medium for agaricus mushrooms, comprising adding a salt to a medium material and fermenting the medium material when producing a medium for growing agaricus mushrooms. A method for producing a medium for agaricus mushrooms, comprising: using a medium material obtained by mixing bamboo materials when producing a medium for growing agaricus mushrooms; and fermenting the medium material. A method for producing a medium for agaricus mushrooms, comprising filling a wooden container with a medium material and fermenting the medium material when producing a medium for growing agaricus mushrooms. A method for producing a medium for agaricus mushrooms, comprising, when producing a medium for growing agaricus mushrooms, containing a medium material in a closed chamber and fermenting the medium material. An agaricus mushroom product obtained by pulverizing agaricus mushrooms or an agaricus mushroom product obtained by extracting an agaricus mushroom extract, wherein a salt is added to the agaricus mushroom product. An agaricus mushroom product obtained by grinding an agaricus mushroom or an agaricus mushroom product obtained by extracting an agaricus mushroom extract, wherein a mycelium and a fruiting body are used as raw materials of the agaricus mushroom. Mushroom products.

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