JP2004168807A - Harmful heavy metal scavenger - Google Patents

Harmful heavy metal scavenger Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2004168807A
JP2004168807A JP2002333182A JP2002333182A JP2004168807A JP 2004168807 A JP2004168807 A JP 2004168807A JP 2002333182 A JP2002333182 A JP 2002333182A JP 2002333182 A JP2002333182 A JP 2002333182A JP 2004168807 A JP2004168807 A JP 2004168807A
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Prior art keywords
harmful heavy
heavy metal
soil
heavy metals
harmful
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JP2002333182A
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JP3804950B2 (en
Inventor
Satoshi Tanaka
智 田中
Osamu Machinaga
治 町長
Takayuki Higuchi
隆行 樋口
Keisuke Nakamura
圭介 中村
Minoru Morioka
実 盛岡
Yasuyuki Nakanishi
泰之 中西
Tsumoru Ishida
積 石田
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Denka Co Ltd
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Denki Kagaku Kogyo KK
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a harmful heavy metal scavenger which efficiently scavenge harmful heavy metals in the soil or soil water. <P>SOLUTION: The harmful heavy metal scavenger comprises calcium aluminoferrite as the major component. Use of this harmful heavy metal scavenger can scavenge various harmful heavy metals such as hexavalent chromium, trivalent chromium, lead, cadmium, nickel, mercury, arsenic, molybdenum and selenium in the soil or soil water to inhibit their elution. This harmful heavy metal scavenger is suitably used in scavenging and cleaning the harmful heavy metals present in the soil and soil water polluted by the harmful heavy metals to be generated in the chemical and metallurgical fields and the like. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、有害重金属を含有した粘性土、ヘドロ、軟弱地盤等の高含水土を短時間で硬化させ、有害重金属の溶出を抑える有害重金属捕集材に関する。また、本発明における部や%は、特に規定のない限り質量基準である。
【0002】
【従来の技術と課題】
有害重金属を含有する産業廃棄物や産業排水の処理に関連する問題は、我々の生活と密着している。そして、有害重金属としては、メッキ工場やステンレス製鋼業等の廃棄物としてのクロム化合物、Ni−Cd電池におけるカドミウム、半導体産業における砒素、セレン等が挙げられる。
【0003】
これらの有害重金属を含有する産業廃棄物の処理問題は、この分野に携わる技術者のみならず、一般の人々も高い関心を持つようになってきた。
【0004】
ここでいう有害重金属とは、カドミウム、鉛、3価クロム、6価クロム、鉛、砒素、ニッケル、水銀、モリブデン、及びセレン等であり、これらの有害重金属には、例えば環境基本法、環境庁告示第46号(土壌の汚染に係る環境基準)、環境庁告示第59号(水質汚濁に係る環境基準)、水質汚濁防止法、廃棄物処理法、及び生活環境保全条例等の多くの環境基準が制定されており、あらゆる環境中の有害重金属量が厳しく規制されている。これらの環境基準を遵守するため、有害重金属を含む化合物を分解、吸着、除去等を行い、捕集する方法が求められてきた。
【0005】
これらの有害重金属のうち、6価クロムは、メッキ工場をはじめとする各種化学工場の原廃液や、生コンクリート工場の原廃水中等に含まれているが、生体系に与える影響が大きく、また、移動速度が速く、不溶化が難しいことから、特に問題視されている。
【0006】
そこで、これまでに6価クロムを無害化する方法として、水溶性の第一鉄塩を添加する方法が提案されている(特開昭47−031894号公報、特開昭48−083114号公報、特開昭49−016714号公報等)。
【0007】
しかしながら、水溶性の2価の鉄塩(第一鉄塩)は、6価クロムを3価に還元して不溶化する効果があるが、非常に高価である。また、初期の無害化には優れるものの、空気中の酸素と容易に反応して酸化し還元作用が失われるため、長期的な効果は期待できないという課題があった。
【0008】
さらに、セメント等の固化材により固定化する方法も提案されている(特開昭56−095399号公報等)。しかしながら、セメントは、その固化に伴って6価クロム等の有害重金属を固定化して固化体とするため、固化するまでの若材齢においての効果はほとんど期待できない。またセメント等が固化した後であっても、6価クロムと6価クロム以外の、両方の有害重金属を含有する廃棄物を処理する場合には、固化材が6価クロムに対し選択的に反応するわけではないため、その固定化性能が十分でないという課題があった。
【0009】
また、石灰系固化材を土壤に散布する方法も知られている(特開平09−071777号公報等)。この方法は石灰の消化反応により短期間で脱水効果が得られるものであり、有害重金属を固定して溶出を抑制する固化材としての機能を有しているものの、有害重金属の溶出を十分に抑制できないことがあるという課題があった。
【0010】
カルシウムアルミネートにより有害重金属を固定化する方法も知られている(特開2002−153836号公報等)。この方法は有害重金属を捕集する効果は高いが、カルシウムアルミネートが土壤中の水分と素早く反応して凝集しダマができやすい、土壤と均一に混合して分散させるのが難しい、速効性が不足する、カドミウムやセレン等の一部の有害重金属の捕集能力が不足することがある等の課題があり、有害重金属の溶出を抑えるためには土壌への配合量を多くする必要があるという課題があった。
【0011】
また、上述した従来の有害重金属捕集材では、有害重金属の捕集効率や初期の捕集効果が十分とはいえず、有害重金属を素早く、かつ効率良く捕集できる有害金属捕集方法や有害金属捕集材が必要とされてきた。
【0012】
そこで本発明者らは上記課題を鑑み種々検討した結果、カルシウムアルミノフェライトを主成分として含有する有害重金属捕集材を用いることにより、土壤や廃液等に含まれる各種有害重金属を素早く固定して溶出を抑えることが可能であり、さらに土壤への分散性等を改善しうることを見出し、本発明を完成させるに至った。
【0013】
【課題を解決するための手段】
即ち、本発明は、カルシウムアルミノフェライトを主成分としてなる有害重金属捕集材であり、カルシウムアルミノフェライトの含有量が40%以上であることを特徴とする、該有害重金属捕集材であり、酸化物換算のイオウSOの含有量30%以下であることを特徴とする該有害重金属捕集材であり、石灰を含有してなる該有害重金属捕集材であり、該有害重金属捕集材を用いてなる有害重金属捕集方法である。
【0014】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明を詳細に説明する。
【0015】
本発明で使用するカルシウムアルミノフェライトとは、CaOを含む原料とAlを含む原料とFeを含む原料を混合して、キルンや電気炉で1,000〜1,600℃で熱処理をして得られる水和活性を有する物質の総称であって、CaOやAl、Feの一部がアルカリ金属化合物、アルカリ土類金属化合物、アルカリハロゲン化物、及びアルカリ土類金属ハロゲン化物等で固溶された物質であってもよい。
【0016】
鉱物形態としては結晶質、非晶質のいずれであっても良い。カルシウムアルミノフェライトの結晶相としては、CaOをC、AlをA、FeをFと表記したとき、たとえばCAF、CF等の組成の結晶相がある。
【0017】
本発明におけるカルシウムアルミノフェライトの組成は特に限定されないが、CaO、Al、Feがそれぞれ質量比で30〜60%、5〜30%、1〜50%であることが好ましく、それぞれ40〜50%、10〜30%、10〜40%であることがより好ましい。CaO量及びAl量が上記範囲外では有害重金属捕集効果が低下することがあり、また、Fe量が1%未満では、水分と接触するとただちに反応するために土中への分散性が低下し、50%を超えると有害重金属捕集効果が低下することがある。
【0018】
本発明の有害重金属捕集材では、イオウの含有量が極力少ないことが好ましく、酸化物SO換算の含有量が30%以下であることが好ましい。イオウの含有量が多いと6価クロム等の有害重金属捕集効果が低下する恐れがある。
【0019】
カルシウムアルミノフェライトの粒度は特に限定されるものではないが、ブレーン比表面積値で500cm/g以上が好ましく、ブレーン比表面積値で2,000〜10,000cm/gがより好ましい。500cm/g未満では有害重金属の固定性能や初期強度発現性が低下する場合がある。また、ブレーン比表面積値が10,000cm/gを超えると過剰な粉砕動力が必要となり、不経済である。
【0020】
本発明では、カルシウムアルミノフェライトの分散性や強度発現性を高める目的で石灰を併用することが好ましい。石灰の種類は特に限定されるものではなく、石灰でも生石灰でも消石灰でもよいが、強度発現性や分散性の観点から生石灰が好ましい。石灰としては、市販されている石灰を使用しても良く、石灰石を焼成しても良いが、石灰の純度は高い方が好ましく、JIS規格品では1号品又は2号品が好ましく、1号品がより好ましい。
【0021】
石灰の粒度は特に限定されるものではないが、ブレーン比表面積値で2,000cm/g以上が好ましく、4,000cm/g以上がより好ましい。石灰はBET比表面積で100m/gを超えるものが市販されているが、入手可能であれば、このような微粉であっても使用可能である。また、石灰の粒度が2,000cm/g未満では初期強度発現性が低下する場合がある。
【0022】
石灰の配合量は特に限定されないが、有害重金属捕集材100部中1〜60部が好ましく、10〜40部がより好ましい。石灰の配合割合が60部を超えると有害重金属捕集効果が小さくなる場合がある。
【0023】
カルシウムアルミノフェライトの配合割合は特に限定されるものではないが、本発明の有害重金属捕集材100部中、カルシウムアルミノフェライト40〜100部が好ましく、60〜100部がより好ましい。40部未満では有害重金属の捕集能が不足することがある。
【0024】
本発明の有害重金属捕集材には、本発明の目的を阻害しない範囲で、従来固化材に使用されている成分、具体的には普通、早強、超早強、低熱及び中庸熱等の各種ポルトランドセメント、高炉セメント、シリカセメント等の各種セメント類、高炉水砕スラグや高炉徐冷スラグ等のスラグ類、カオリン、マイカ、ベントナイト等の粘土化合物類、ゼオライトやアパタイト等の金属イオン交換体類、キレート化合物等を併用することも可能である。
【0025】
本発明の効果を損なわない範囲で還元剤を併用することは、有害重金属の固定効果を高める観点から好ましい。還元剤としては、塩化鉄(II)等の2価の鉄塩や、塩化チタン(III)等の3価のチタン塩、亜硫酸ナトリウム、亜硫酸カリウム、及び亜硫酸カルシウム等の亜硫酸塩、亜硫酸水素ナトリウムや亜硫酸水素カリウム等の亜硫酸水素塩、硫化ナトリウム、硫化カリウム、硫化カルシウム、及び硫化アンモニウム等の硫化物、チオ硫酸ナトリウムやチオ硫酸カリウム等のチオ硫酸塩、二酸化硫黄や硫黄、チオ尿素ならびに泥炭や亜炭等があり、これらの還元剤のうち、イオウを含まず、少量使用で有害重金属の固定化率が高い塩化鉄(II)の使用が好ましい。
【0026】
また、本発明では通常の有害重金属捕集材に用いられる添加剤、すなわちpH調整剤、還元剤等を併用することも可能である。
【0027】
本発明の有害重金属捕集材の使用方法としては、例えば汚染土壌の浄化に用いるのであれば(1)土壤と混合又は散布する、(2)多量の水に分散させて土壤に加圧注入する、(3)セメントコンクリートと混合し、固化材として使用する等の方法が考えられる。
【0028】
また、汚染された水に対して用いるのであれば、水中に投入、攪拌混合の後に、固相を濾過又はデカンテーション等の方法で取除く等の方法がある。
【0029】
【実施例】
以下、本発明の実験例に基づいて説明する。
【0030】
実験例1
表1に示すカルシウムアルミノフェライトを80部と生石灰20部からなる有害重金属捕集材を作製した。また、6価クロム標準溶液を用いて6価クロム含有量50mg/kg(ドライベース)とした関東ローム土を調製し、さらに純水を加え、自然含水比250%の汚染土壤とした。この汚染土壌1mに対し、上記の有害重金属捕集材を100kgの割合となるように添加・混合して固化体を作製し、固化体の材齢1日及び3日の一軸圧縮強度と、固化体から溶出する6価クロム濃度を測定し、土壤への分散性を混合度として目視評価した結果を表1に示す。
【0031】
なお使用したカルシウムアルミノフェライトはいずれも焼成後粉砕して微粉化し、ブレーン比表面積値で6,000cm/gとした。また、カルシウムアルミノフェライト及びカルシウムアルミネート中のイオウは蛍光X線法にて定量したが、イオウは検出下限以下であった。
【0032】
<使用材料>
石灰:生石灰、市販品、JIS 1号品、ブレーン比表面積値6,000cm/g
カルシウムアルミノフェライトa:CAF組成、ブレーン比表面積値6,000cm/g
カルシウムアルミノフェライトb:CF組成、ブレーン比表面積値6,000cm/g
カルシウムアルミノフェライトc:CAF組成(非晶質)、ブレーン比表面積値6,000cm/g
6価クロム標準溶液:関東化学社製、クロム標準水溶液、6価クロムCr6+濃度1,000mg/リットル
汚染土壌: 関東ローム土(茨城県つくば市産)
【0033】
<試験方法>
一軸圧縮強度:「セメント系固化材による安定処理土の試験方法」に準拠
6価クロム濃度:環境庁告示第46号法に準じて定量した。
混合度:目視調査により、分散性を評価した。(○:ダマがなく均一に混合、△:一部ダマが見られるが混合には支障なし、×:ダマが多く見られ、均一に混合できない)
【0034】
【表1】

Figure 2004168807
注:表中のN.D.は検出下限以下であることを示す。
【0035】
実験例2
カルシウムアルミノフェライトaの粒度をブレーン比表面積値で表2に示すように変化させたこと以外は実験例1と同様に行った。結果を表2に示す。
【0036】
【表2】
Figure 2004168807
注:表中のN.D.は検出下限以下であることを示す。
【0037】
実験例3
有害重金属捕集材100部中のカルシウムアルミノフェライトaと生石灰の割合を表3に示すように変化させたこと以外は実験例1と同様に行った。結果を表3に示す。なお、石灰はブレーン比表面積値で6,000cm/gのものを用いた
【0038】
【表3】
Figure 2004168807
注:表中のN.D.は検出下限以下であることを示す。
【0039】
実験例4
カルシウムアルミノフェライトa、生石灰、及び半水石膏を表4に示す割合で混合し、有害重金属捕集材を調製したこと以外は実験例1と同様に行った。
【0040】
<使用材料>
半水石膏:関東化学製、試薬1級
【0041】
【表4】
Figure 2004168807
注:表中のN.D.は検出下限以下であることを示す。
【0042】
実験例5
カルシウムアルミノフェライトa及び生石灰からなる有害重金属捕集材を用い、有害重金属の種類を表5に示すように変化させたこと以外は実験例1と同様に行った。また、比較例として、カルシウムアルミノフェライトの代わりにC12(12CaO・7Al)組成のカルシウムアルミネートを用い、有害重金属の種類をカドミウム及びセレンとした結果を表5に示す。
【0043】
<使用材料>
セレン標準溶液 :関東化学製、セレン濃度1,000mg/リットル標準水溶液
カドミウム標準溶液:関東化学製、カドミウム濃度1,000mg/リットル標準水溶液
砒素標準水溶液 :関東化学社製、砒素濃度1,000mg/リットル標準水溶液
モリブデン標準水溶液:関東化学社製、モリブデン濃度1,000mg/リットル標準水溶液
カルシウムアルミネート:C12組成(非晶質)、ブレーン比表面積値6,000cm/g
【0044】
【表5】
Figure 2004168807
注:表中のN.D.は検出下限以下であることを示す。
【0045】
【発明の効果】
本発明の有害重金属捕集材を用いることにより、土壤又は汚水中の6価クロムを始めとする各種有害重金属を捕集して溶出を抑制できる。本発明の有害重金属捕集材は、化学及び金属分野等において発生する、カドミウム、鉛、3価クロム、6価クロム、鉛、砒素、ニッケル、水銀、モリブデン、及びセレン等の有害重金属によって汚染された水や土壌を浄化する有害重金属捕集材用途に適する。[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a harmful heavy metal collecting material that hardens a highly hydrated soil such as viscous soil, sludge, and soft ground containing a harmful heavy metal in a short time and suppresses elution of the harmful heavy metal. Further, parts and% in the present invention are based on mass unless otherwise specified.
[0002]
[Prior art and problems]
The problems associated with the treatment of industrial waste and wastewater containing hazardous heavy metals are closely linked to our lives. Examples of the harmful heavy metals include chromium compounds as wastes in plating factories and stainless steel industries, cadmium in Ni-Cd batteries, arsenic and selenium in the semiconductor industry, and the like.
[0003]
The problem of treating industrial wastes containing these harmful heavy metals has been of great interest not only to engineers involved in this field, but also to the general public.
[0004]
The harmful heavy metals mentioned here include cadmium, lead, trivalent chromium, hexavalent chromium, lead, arsenic, nickel, mercury, molybdenum, and selenium. Many environmental standards, such as No. 46 (Environmental Standards for Soil Pollution), Notification of the Environment Agency No. 59 (Environmental Standards for Water Pollution), Water Pollution Prevention Law, Waste Disposal Law, and Living Environment Conservation Ordinance It is enacted and the amount of harmful heavy metals in all environments is strictly regulated. In order to comply with these environmental standards, there has been a demand for a method of decomposing, adsorbing, removing, etc., and collecting compounds containing harmful heavy metals.
[0005]
Of these harmful heavy metals, hexavalent chromium is contained in raw wastewater of various chemical factories including plating plants and raw wastewater of ready-mixed concrete plants, but has a large effect on biological systems. It is particularly problematic because of its high moving speed and difficulty in insolubilization.
[0006]
Thus, as a method of rendering hexavalent chromium harmless, a method of adding a water-soluble ferrous salt has been proposed (JP-A-47-031894, JP-A-48-083114, JP-A-49-016714, etc.).
[0007]
However, a water-soluble divalent iron salt (ferrous salt) has the effect of reducing hexavalent chromium to trivalent and insolubilizing it, but is very expensive. In addition, although it is excellent in detoxification at the initial stage, it easily reacts with oxygen in the air to oxidize and lose its reducing effect, so that there is a problem that a long-term effect cannot be expected.
[0008]
Furthermore, a method of immobilizing with a solidifying material such as cement has been proposed (JP-A-56-095399). However, cement hardens harmful heavy metals, such as hexavalent chromium, into a solidified body as it solidifies, and therefore, little effect can be expected at a young material age until it is solidified. Also, even after cement has solidified, when solid waste containing both harmful heavy metals other than hexavalent chromium and hexavalent chromium is to be treated, the solidified material selectively reacts with hexavalent chromium. However, there is a problem that the immobilization performance is not sufficient.
[0009]
A method of spraying a lime-based solidifying material on soil is also known (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 09-07777). This method provides a dehydration effect in a short period of time due to the lime digestion reaction, and has a function as a solidifying material that fixes harmful heavy metals and suppresses elution, but sufficiently suppresses elution of harmful heavy metals There was a problem that something could not be done.
[0010]
A method of immobilizing harmful heavy metals with calcium aluminate is also known (JP-A-2002-153836, etc.). Although this method has a high effect of trapping harmful heavy metals, calcium aluminate reacts quickly with water in the soil to easily aggregate and lump, it is difficult to uniformly mix and disperse with the soil, and it has a rapid effect. There is a problem that there is a shortage and the ability to capture some harmful heavy metals such as cadmium and selenium may be insufficient, and it is said that it is necessary to increase the amount of compounding into the soil to suppress the elution of harmful heavy metals There were challenges.
[0011]
In addition, the above-mentioned conventional harmful heavy metal trapping material does not have sufficient harmful heavy metal collection efficiency and initial trapping effect. Therefore, a harmful metal collection method and a harmful metal collection method that can collect harmful heavy metals quickly and efficiently. There has been a need for metal collectors.
[0012]
Accordingly, the present inventors have conducted various studies in view of the above problem, and as a result, by using a harmful heavy metal collecting material containing calcium alumino ferrite as a main component, various harmful heavy metals contained in soil, waste liquid, etc. are quickly fixed and eluted. And found that the dispersibility in soil can be improved, and the present invention has been completed.
[0013]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
That is, the present invention relates to a harmful heavy metal collecting material containing calcium alumino ferrite as a main component, wherein the content of calcium alumino ferrite is 40% or more. The harmful heavy metal collecting material, characterized in that the content of sulfur SO 3 in terms of material is 30% or less, the harmful heavy metal collecting material containing lime, This is a harmful heavy metal collection method used.
[0014]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.
[0015]
The calcium alumino ferrite used in the present invention is a mixture of a raw material containing CaO, a raw material containing Al 2 O 3, and a raw material containing Fe 2 O 3 , and the mixture is heated at 1,000 to 1,600 ° C. in a kiln or an electric furnace. It is a general term for substances having hydration activity obtained by heat treatment, and a part of CaO, Al 2 O 3 , and Fe 2 O 3 is an alkali metal compound, an alkaline earth metal compound, an alkali halide, and an alkali earth. It may be a solid solution of a metal halide or the like.
[0016]
The mineral form may be crystalline or amorphous. As the crystal phase of calcium aluminoferrite, when CaO is represented by C, Al 2 O 3 is represented by A, and Fe 2 O 3 is represented by F, for example, there is a crystal phase having a composition such as C 4 AF, C 6 A 2 F or the like.
[0017]
Although the composition of the calcium alumino ferrite in the present invention is not particularly limited, CaO, Al 2 O 3 , and Fe 2 O 3 are preferably 30 to 60%, 5 to 30%, and 1 to 50% by mass ratio, respectively. More preferably, they are respectively 40 to 50%, 10 to 30%, and 10 to 40%. If the amount of CaO and the amount of Al 2 O 3 are out of the above ranges, the harmful heavy metal trapping effect may be reduced. If the amount of Fe 2 O 3 is less than 1%, it reacts immediately upon contact with moisture, so that it will enter the soil. If it exceeds 50%, the effect of collecting harmful heavy metals may decrease.
[0018]
The toxic heavy metal trapping material of the present invention, preferably the content of sulfur is as small as possible, it is preferable that the content of the oxide converted to SO 3 is 30% or less. If the sulfur content is large, the effect of collecting harmful heavy metals such as hexavalent chromium may be reduced.
[0019]
Is not particularly limited particle size of the calcium alumino ferrite is preferably 500 cm 2 / g or more in Blaine specific surface area value, and more preferably 2,000~10,000cm 2 / g in Blaine specific surface area value. If it is less than 500 cm 2 / g, the fixing performance of harmful heavy metals and the initial strength development may be reduced. On the other hand, if the Blaine specific surface area exceeds 10,000 cm 2 / g, excessive grinding power is required, which is uneconomical.
[0020]
In the present invention, it is preferable to use lime in combination for the purpose of enhancing the dispersibility and strength development of calcium aluminoferrite. The type of lime is not particularly limited, and may be lime, quick lime, or slaked lime, but quick lime is preferred from the viewpoint of strength development and dispersibility. As the lime, commercially available lime may be used, or limestone may be calcined. However, it is preferable that the lime has a higher purity, and JIS standard products are preferably No. 1 or No. 2 products. Articles are more preferred.
[0021]
Is not particularly limited particle size of lime, preferably 2,000 cm 2 / g or more in Blaine specific surface area value, 4,000 cm 2 / g or more is more preferable. Although lime having a BET specific surface area exceeding 100 m 2 / g is commercially available, such fine powder can be used if it is available. If the particle size of the lime is less than 2,000 cm 2 / g, the initial strength development may be reduced.
[0022]
Although the amount of lime is not particularly limited, it is preferably 1 to 60 parts, more preferably 10 to 40 parts in 100 parts of the harmful heavy metal trapping material. If the mixing ratio of lime exceeds 60 parts, the harmful heavy metal collecting effect may be reduced.
[0023]
The mixing ratio of calcium alumino ferrite is not particularly limited, but is preferably 40 to 100 parts, more preferably 60 to 100 parts of calcium alumino ferrite in 100 parts of the harmful heavy metal trapping material of the present invention. If it is less than 40 parts, the ability to collect harmful heavy metals may be insufficient.
[0024]
To the harmful heavy metal trapping material of the present invention, the components conventionally used in the solidifying material, specifically, ordinary, fast strength, super fast strength, low heat and moderate heat, etc., as long as the object of the present invention is not impaired. Various cements such as various Portland cements, blast furnace cements, silica cements, etc., slags such as granulated blast furnace slag and slowly cooled blast furnace slag, clay compounds such as kaolin, mica and bentonite, and metal ion exchangers such as zeolite and apatite It is also possible to use a chelate compound or the like in combination.
[0025]
It is preferable to use a reducing agent in combination within a range that does not impair the effects of the present invention, from the viewpoint of enhancing the effect of fixing harmful heavy metals. Examples of the reducing agent include divalent iron salts such as iron (II) chloride, trivalent titanium salts such as titanium (III) chloride, sulfites such as sodium sulfite, potassium sulfite, and calcium sulfite, sodium hydrogen sulfite, and the like. Bisulfites such as potassium bisulfite, sulfides such as sodium sulfide, potassium sulfide, calcium sulfide, and ammonium sulfide; thiosulfates such as sodium thiosulfate and potassium thiosulfate; sulfur dioxide and sulfur; thiourea; and peat and lignite Among these reducing agents, it is preferable to use iron (II) chloride which does not contain sulfur and which has a high immobilization rate of harmful heavy metals when used in a small amount.
[0026]
Further, in the present invention, it is also possible to use an additive used for a usual harmful heavy metal collecting material, that is, a pH adjuster, a reducing agent and the like.
[0027]
The method of using the harmful heavy metal trapping material of the present invention is, for example, when used for purification of contaminated soil, (1) mixed or sprayed with soil, (2) dispersed in a large amount of water and injected under pressure into soil. (3) A method of mixing with cement concrete and using it as a solidifying material can be considered.
[0028]
Further, when used for contaminated water, there is a method of pouring into water, stirring and mixing, and then removing a solid phase by a method such as filtration or decantation.
[0029]
【Example】
Hereinafter, a description will be given based on experimental examples of the present invention.
[0030]
Experimental example 1
A harmful heavy metal collector comprising 80 parts of calcium alumino ferrite shown in Table 1 and 20 parts of quicklime was prepared. Further, a Kanto loam soil having a hexavalent chromium content of 50 mg / kg (dry base) was prepared using a hexavalent chromium standard solution, and pure water was further added to obtain a contaminated soil having a natural water content of 250%. To 1 m 3 of this contaminated soil, the above-mentioned harmful heavy metal collecting material was added and mixed so as to have a ratio of 100 kg to produce a solidified material. Table 1 shows the results of measuring the concentration of hexavalent chromium eluted from the solidified product and visually evaluating the dispersibility in soil as the degree of mixing.
[0031]
The calcium alumino ferrite used was baked and pulverized to fine powder, and the Blaine specific surface area was adjusted to 6,000 cm 2 / g. Sulfur in calcium alumino ferrite and calcium aluminate was quantified by a fluorescent X-ray method, and the sulfur was below the lower limit of detection.
[0032]
<Material used>
Lime: quicklime, commercially available product, JIS No. 1 product, Blaine specific surface area value 6,000 cm 2 / g
Calcium alumino ferrite a: C 4 AF composition, Blaine specific surface area value 6,000 cm 2 / g
Calcium alumino ferrite b: C 6 A 2 F composition, Blaine specific surface area value 6,000 cm 2 / g
Calcium alumino ferrite c: C 4 AF composition (amorphous), Blaine specific surface area value 6,000 cm 2 / g
Hexavalent chromium standard solution: Kanto Chemical Co., Ltd., chromium standard aqueous solution, hexavalent chromium Cr 6+ concentration 1,000 mg / liter Soil: Kanto loam soil (from Tsukuba, Ibaraki)
[0033]
<Test method>
Uniaxial compressive strength: based on "Testing method for stabilized soil with cement-based solidified material" Hexavalent chromium concentration: quantified according to the Environment Agency Notification No. 46 method.
Degree of mixing: Dispersibility was evaluated by visual inspection. (○: uniform mixing without lumps, Δ: partial lumps are observed, but mixing is not affected, ×: many lumps are observed and uniform mixing is not possible)
[0034]
[Table 1]
Figure 2004168807
Note: N. in the table. D. Indicates that it is below the lower limit of detection.
[0035]
Experimental example 2
The procedure was performed in the same manner as in Experimental Example 1 except that the particle size of the calcium alumino ferrite a was changed as shown in Table 2 by the Blaine specific surface area value. Table 2 shows the results.
[0036]
[Table 2]
Figure 2004168807
Note: N. in the table. D. Indicates that it is below the lower limit of detection.
[0037]
Experimental example 3
The experiment was performed in the same manner as in Experimental Example 1 except that the proportion of calcium aluminoferrite a and quicklime in 100 parts of the harmful heavy metal collecting material was changed as shown in Table 3. Table 3 shows the results. The lime used had a Blaine specific surface area of 6,000 cm 2 / g.
[Table 3]
Figure 2004168807
Note: N. in the table. D. Indicates that it is below the lower limit of detection.
[0039]
Experimental example 4
Calcium aluminoferrite a, quicklime, and hemihydrate gypsum were mixed in the proportions shown in Table 4 to prepare a harmful heavy metal collecting material, and the same procedure as in Experimental Example 1 was carried out.
[0040]
<Material used>
Hemihydrate gypsum: Reagent 1st grade, manufactured by Kanto Chemical Co., Ltd.
[Table 4]
Figure 2004168807
Note: N. in the table. D. Indicates that it is below the lower limit of detection.
[0042]
Experimental example 5
The experiment was performed in the same manner as in Experimental Example 1 except that the harmful heavy metal collecting material composed of calcium aluminoferrite a and quicklime was used and the type of harmful heavy metal was changed as shown in Table 5. As a comparative example, Table 5 shows the results of using calcium aluminate having a C 12 A 7 (12CaO · 7Al 2 O 3 ) composition instead of calcium aluminoferrite, and using cadmium and selenium as the types of harmful heavy metals.
[0043]
<Material used>
Selenium standard solution: Kanto Kagaku, 1,000 mg / l selenium concentration standard aqueous solution Cadmium standard solution: Kanto Kagaku, 1,000 mg / l cadmium concentration standard aqueous solution Arsenic standard aqueous solution: Kanto Kagaku, 1,000 mg / liter arsenic concentration standard aqueous molybdenum standard solution: manufactured by Kanto Chemical Co., Inc., molybdenum concentration 1,000 mg / l standard solution of calcium aluminate: C 12 A 7 composition (amorphous), Blaine specific surface area 6,000 2 / g
[0044]
[Table 5]
Figure 2004168807
Note: N. in the table. D. Indicates that it is below the lower limit of detection.
[0045]
【The invention's effect】
By using the harmful heavy metal collecting material of the present invention, various harmful heavy metals such as hexavalent chromium in soil or wastewater can be collected and elution can be suppressed. The harmful heavy metal trapping material of the present invention is contaminated by harmful heavy metals such as cadmium, lead, trivalent chromium, hexavalent chromium, lead, arsenic, nickel, mercury, molybdenum, and selenium generated in the chemical and metal fields. Suitable for use as a harmful heavy metal collecting material to purify waste water and soil.

Claims (5)

カルシウムアルミノフェライトを主成分としてなる有害重金属捕集材。Harmful heavy metal trapping material mainly composed of calcium alumino ferrite. カルシウムアルミノフェライトの含有量が40%以上であることを特徴とする、請求項1記載の有害重金属捕集材。The harmful heavy metal collecting material according to claim 1, wherein the content of calcium alumino ferrite is 40% or more. 酸化物換算のイオウSOの含有量が30%以下であることを特徴とする請求項1〜2のうちの1項に記載の有害重金属捕集材。Harmful heavy metals trapping material according to one of the claims 1-2 in which the content of sulfur SO 3 in terms of oxides is equal to or less than 30%. 石灰を含有してなる請求項1〜3のうちの1項に記載の有害重金属捕集材。The harmful heavy metal collecting material according to any one of claims 1 to 3, comprising lime. 請求項1〜4のうちの1項に記載の有害重金属捕集材を用いてなる有害重金属捕集方法。A harmful heavy metal collecting method using the harmful heavy metal collecting material according to claim 1.
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2007246770A (en) * 2006-03-17 2007-09-27 Denki Kagaku Kogyo Kk Hydrogel composition and ground improvement method using the same

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2007246770A (en) * 2006-03-17 2007-09-27 Denki Kagaku Kogyo Kk Hydrogel composition and ground improvement method using the same

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