JP3919648B2 - Hazardous heavy metal collector - Google Patents

Hazardous heavy metal collector Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3919648B2
JP3919648B2 JP2002301229A JP2002301229A JP3919648B2 JP 3919648 B2 JP3919648 B2 JP 3919648B2 JP 2002301229 A JP2002301229 A JP 2002301229A JP 2002301229 A JP2002301229 A JP 2002301229A JP 3919648 B2 JP3919648 B2 JP 3919648B2
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Prior art keywords
heavy metal
calcium aluminate
heavy metals
soil
harmful heavy
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JP2004136160A (en
Inventor
隆行 樋口
圭介 中村
実 盛岡
泰之 中西
積 石田
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Denka Co Ltd
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Denki Kagaku Kogyo KK
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、有害重金属を含有した粘性土、ヘドロ、軟弱地盤等の高含水量の土壤を短期間に固化させ、有害重金属の溶出を抑える有害重金属捕集材に関する。また、本発明における部や%は、特に規定のない限り質量基準である。
【0002】
【従来の技術と課題】
有害重金属を含有する土壤の処理に関連する問題は、我々の生活と密着している。そして、有害重金属としては、メッキ工場やステンレス製鋼業等の廃棄物としてのクロム、Ni-Cd電池におけるカドミウム、半導体産業における砒素、セレン等が挙げられる。
【0003】
これらの有害重金属を含有する土壤の処理問題は、この分野に携わる技術者のみならず、一般の人々も高い関心を持つようになってきた。
【0004】
ここでいう有害重金属とは、カドミウム、鉛、3価クロム、6価クロム、鉛、砒素、ニッケル、水銀、モリブデン、及びセレン等であり、これらの有害重金属を含む土壤には、例えば環境基本法、環境庁告示第46号(土壌の汚染に係る環境基準)、廃棄物処理法、及び生活環境保全条例等の多くの環境基準が制定されており、あらゆる環境中の有害重金属量が厳しく規制されている。これらの環境基準を遵守するため、有害重金属を含む化合物を分解、吸着、除去等を行い、捕集する方法が求められてきた。
【0005】
これらの有害重金属のうち、6価クロムは、メッキ工場をはじめとする各種化学工場の廃液や、ステンレス製鋼工場等の廃水等が土壤中に含まれることがあるが、6価クロムは生体系に与える影響が大きく、また、移動速度が速く、不溶化が難しいことから、特に問題視されている。
【0006】
そこで、これまでに6価クロムを含む土壤を無害化する方法として、水溶性の塩化鉄(II)を添加する方法が提案されている(特開昭47-031894号公報、特開昭48-083114号公報、特開昭49-016714号公報等)。
【0007】
しかしながら、水溶性の塩化鉄(II)は、6価クロムを3価に還元して不溶化する効果があるが、非常に高価である。また、初期の無害化には優れるものの、空気中の酸素と容易に反応して酸化して劣化し、還元作用が失われるため、長期的な効果は期待できないという課題があった。
【0008】
また、セメント等により土壤中の有害重金属を固定化する方法も提案されている(特開昭56-095399号公報等)。しかしながら、セメントは、その硬化に伴って6価クロム等の有害重金属を固定化するため、硬化するまでの若材齢において、有害重金属の捕集効果はほとんど期待できない。またセメントが硬化した後であっても、6価クロムと6価クロム以外の、両方の有害重金属を含有する廃棄物を処理する場合には、6価クロムに対し選択的に反応するわけではないため、その固定化性能が十分でないという課題があった。
【0009】
また、石灰を主成分とする有害重金属捕集材を土壤に散布する方法も知られている(特開平09-071777号公報等)。石灰系の有害重金属捕集材は石灰の消化反応により短期間で脱水し、溶液状態での6価クロムの溶出防止効果が得られるものであり、有害重金属を固定する機能を有しているものの、有害重金属の溶出を十分に抑制できないことがあるという課題があった。
【0010】
カルシウムアルミネートにより有害重金属を固定化する方法も知られている(特開2002-153836号公報等)。この方法は有害重金属を捕集する効果は高いが、土壤中の水分と反応し、凝集してダマができるために、土壤と均一に混合するのが難しいという課題があった。
【0011】
そこで本発明者らは上記課題を鑑み種々検討した結果、石灰とカルシウムアルミネートの混合物が、高含水量の土壤中に存在する6価クロムをはじめとする各種有害重金属を短時間で固化させて固化体とし、該固化体からの各種有害重金属の溶出を抑え、かつ強度発現性に優れるという特徴を有し、しかもカルシウムアルミネートを主体とする従来の有害重金属捕集材の課題である分散性を改善することを見出し、本発明を完成させるに至った。
【0012】
【課題を解決するための手段】
即ち、本発明は石灰とカルシウムアルミネートの12CaO・7Al 組成のガラスを含有してなる有害重金属捕集材であり、該有害重金属捕集材を用いてなる土壌改良方法である。
【0013】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明を詳細に説明する。
【0014】
本発明におけるカルシウムアルミネートとは、CaOを含む原料とAl2O3を含む原料を混合して、キルンや電気炉で1,000〜1,600℃で熱処理をして得られる水和活性を有する物質の総称であって、水和活性を有する化合物の総称であり、CaOをC、Al2O3をAと表記したときにC3A、C12A7、及びCA等と表記される化合物が該当する。また、カルシウムアルミネートの合成は酸化雰囲気で行うことが好ましい。
【0015】
また、カルシウムアルミネートは CaO及びAl2O3の一部がアルカリ金属酸化物、アルカリ土類金属酸化物、アルカリ金属ハロゲン化物、アルカリ土類金属ハロゲン化物、アルカリ金属硫酸塩、及びアルカリ土類金属硫酸塩等で置換固溶された物質でもよい。
【0016】
カルシウムアルミネートのCaO及びAl2O3のモル比であるC/A比は特に制限されないが、C/A比が1.0〜3.0が好ましく、C 12 A 7 組成がより好ましい。また、結晶質よりもガラスが好ましい。
【0017】
カルシウムアルミネートの粒度は特に限定されるものではないが、ブレーン比表面積値で2,000cm2/g以上が好ましく、4,000〜6,000cm2/gがより好ましい。2,000cm2/g未満では有害重金属捕集効果や初期強度発現性が低下する場合があり、6,000cm2/gを超えると過剰な粉砕動力が必要となる場合がある。
【0018】
本発明で使用する石灰は特に限定されるものではなく、生石灰でも消石灰でもよいが、強度発現性の観点から生石灰が好ましい。生石灰としては、市販されている生石灰を使用してもよいし石灰石を焼成しても良いが、純度は高い方が好ましく、JIS規格品では2号品が好ましく、1号品がより好ましい。
【0019】
石灰の粒度は特に限定されるものではないが、ブレーン比表面積値で2,000cm2/g以上が好ましく、4,000cm2/g以上がより好ましい。石灰石のブレーン比表面積値が2,000cm2/g未満では初期強度発現性が低下する場合がある。また、ブレーン比表面積値の上限は特に限定されず、市販品として入手可能な範囲であれば問題ない。
【0020】
本発明の有害重金属捕集材の石灰とカルシウムアルミネートの配合割合は特に制限されないが、石灰及びカルシウムアルミネートに含まれるCaO成分の合計と、カルシウムアルミネートに含まれるAl2O3のモル比であるCaO/Al2O3モル比が4〜300が好ましく、10〜70がより好ましい。CaO/Al2O3モル比が上記の範囲であれば土壌中へのカルシウムアルミネートの分散性が良好であり、有害重金属の固定能が向上するため、特に高含水量の土壤の有害重金属捕集効果が高く、好ましい。一方、CaO/Al2O3モル比が4未満では、高含水率の土壤に散布すると即座に固結して粒状(ダマ)となり、土壌中への分散性が低下することがある。また、CaO/Al2O3モル比が300を超えると、カルシウムアルミネートの配合量が不足するため有害重金属捕集効果が低下する恐れがある。
【0021】
また、本発明の有害重金属捕集材は、カルシウムアルミネートの凝結を抑制し、ダマの発生を抑制して土壌中への分散性を向上させる目的で、凝結調整剤を使用することが好ましい。凝結調整剤としては、クエン酸、酒石酸、グルコン酸、及びリンゴ酸等の有機酸又はそれらの塩、アルカリ金属炭酸塩、並びにホウ酸等を使用することが可能である。凝結調整剤の使用量は、本有害重金属捕集材中のカルシウムアルミネート100部に対し0.1〜5.0部が好ましい。凝結調整剤の使用量が0.1部未満では効果がなく、5部を超えると有害重金属捕集効果が損なわれるため好ましくない。
【0022】
本発明の有害重金属捕集材では、酸化物換算のイオウと酸化物換算のアルミニウムのモル比であるSO3/Al2O3が1.0以下であることが好ましい。SO3/Al2O3のモル比が1.0を超えると6価クロム等の有害重金属捕集効果が低下する恐れがある。
【0023】
本発明の有害重金属捕集材には、本発明の目的を損ねない範囲で、従来の固化材等に使用されている成分を併用することが可能である。このような成分としては、たとえばポルトランドセメント、高炉セメント、及び早強セメント等のセメント類、水砕スラグ及び徐冷スラグ等のスラグ類、カオリン、マイカ、ベントナイト等の粘土化合物類、ゼオライト及びアパタイト等の金属イオン交換体類、並びにキレート化合物等が挙げられる。
【0024】
本発明の効果を損ねない範囲で還元剤を併用することは、重金属の捕集効果を高める観点から好ましい。このような還元剤としては、塩化鉄(II)等の2価の鉄塩や、塩化チタン(III)等の3価のチタン塩、亜硫酸ナトリウム、亜硫酸カリウム、及び亜硫酸カルシウム等の亜硫酸塩、亜硫酸水素ナトリウム及び亜硫酸水素カリウム等の亜硫酸水素塩、硫化ナトリウム、硫化カリウム、硫化カルシウム、及び硫化アンモニウム等の硫化物、チオ硫酸ナトリウムやチオ硫酸カリウム等のチオ硫酸塩、二酸化硫黄、硫黄、亜炭、並びに泥炭等があり、これらのうち、硫黄を含まず、少量使用で重金属の還元能力が高い塩化鉄(II)等の2価の鉄塩を併用することが好ましい。
【0025】
本発明の有害重金属捕集材の使用方法は特に限定されるものではないが、通常、有害重金属を含有する高含水率の土壌、汚泥、廃棄物等に本発明の有害重金属捕集材を加え、混合することが好ましい。混合にあたっては、各種ミキサ−あるいは重機等による混合が好ましい。
【0026】
【実施例】
実験例1
表1に示すように生石灰とカルシウムアルミネートの配合割合を変化させた有害重金属捕集材を調製した。一方,汚染土壌として6価クロム標準水溶液を用いて6価クロム含有量50mg/kg(ドライベース)とした関東ローム土(自然含水比250%)を人工的に調製した。この汚染土壌1m3に対し、表1に示す有害重金属捕集材を100kgの割合で添加し、混合して固化体を作製し、材齢1日及び3日の固化体の一軸圧縮強度と、固化体から溶出する6価クロム濃度を、環境庁告示46号法に従って測定した。結果を表1に示す。なお使用した生石灰とカルシウムアルミネートの粒度はいずれもブレーン比表面積値6,000cm2/gとした。
【0027】
<使用材料>
生石灰:市販品、CaO含有量92.0%
6価クロム標準水溶液:関東化学製、6価クロム濃度1,000mg/リットル標準水溶液
カルシウムアルミネートa:C12A7組成の結晶質、石灰石及びアルミナ粉を1,400℃で焼成し、粉砕してブレーン比表面積値6,000cm2/gとした
【0028】
<試験方法>
一軸圧縮強度 :「セメント系固化材による安定処理土の試験方法」に準拠
6価クロム濃度:環境庁告示第46号法に準じて測定
混合度 :目視調査(○:ダマがなく均一に混合、△:一部ダマが見られるが混合には支障なし、×:ダマが多く見られ、均一に混合できない)
【0029】
【表1】

Figure 0003919648
【0030】
実験例2
生石灰とカルシウムアルミネートの配合割合をCaO/Al2O3モル比7.5に固定し、使用するカルシウムアルミネートの種類を表2に示すように変化させたこと以外は実験例1と同様に行った。結果を表2に示す。
【0031】
<使用材料>
カルシウムアルミネートb:C3A組成の結晶質、合成品 (C/A=3.0)、ブレーン比表面積値6,000cm2/g
カルシウムアルミネートc:CA組成の結晶質、合成品 (C/A=1.0)、ブレーン比表面積値6,000cm2/g
カルシウムアルミネートd:C12A7組成のガラス、合成品 (C/A=1.7)、ブレーン比表面積値6,000cm2/g
カルシウムアルミネートe:CA2組成の結晶質、合成品 (C/A=0.5)、ブレーン比表面積値6,000cm2/g
【0032】
【表2】
Figure 0003919648
【0033】
実験例3
市販の生石灰と合成品の結晶質カルシウムアルミネート(C12A7の組成)を粉砕し、粒度を表3に示すように変化させたこと以外は実験例2と同様に行った。結果を表3に示す。
【0034】
<使用材料>
生石灰:CaO含有量92.0%、市販品を所定の粒度まで粉砕
カルシウムアルミネート:C12A7組成の結晶質、合成品を所定の粒度まで粉砕
【0035】
【表3】
Figure 0003919648
【0036】
実験例4
生石灰とカルシウムアルミネートaを混合してCaO/Al2O3モル比7.5の混合粉とし、酸化物換算のイオウと酸化物換算のアルミニウムのモル比であるSO3/Al2O3比を表4に示す値となるように該混合粉に半水石膏を添加した有害重金属捕集材を調製したこと以外は実験例2と同様に行った。
【0037】
<使用材料>
半水石膏:関東化学製、試薬1級
【0038】
【表4】
Figure 0003919648
【0039】
実験例5
有害重金属の種類を表5に示すように変化させ、生石灰とカルシウムアルミネートaを混合してCaO/Al2O3モル比7.5の有害重金属捕集材とし、有害重金属の溶出量等を評価したこと以外は実験例2と同様に行った。結果を表5に示す。また、土壤中における各有害重金属の環境基準値(環境庁告示第46号参照)を併記する。
【0040】
<使用材料>
セレン標準水溶液 :関東化学製、セレン濃度1,000mg/リットル標準水溶液
カドミウム標準水溶液:関東化学製、カドミウム濃度1,000mg/リットル標準水溶液
砒素標準水溶液 :関東化学製、砒素濃度1,000mg/リットル標準水溶液
モリブデン標準水溶液:関東化学製、モリブデン濃度1,000mg/リットル標準水溶液
【0041】
【表5】
Figure 0003919648
【0042】
【発明の効果】
本発明の有害重金属捕集材は、有害重金属を含有した粘性土、ヘドロ、軟弱地盤等の高含水量の土壤への分散性が良く、6価クロムをはじめとする各種有害重金属を固定して固化体からの溶出を抑え、かつ強度発現性に優れるため、メッキ工場やステンレス製鋼業等の廃棄物としてのクロム化合物、Ni-Cd電池におけるカドミウム、半導体産業における砒素、セレン等の有害重金属を含む、高含水量の土壤に用いる有害重金属捕集材用途に適する。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a hazardous heavy metal collecting material that solidifies high moisture content soil such as viscous soil, sludge, and soft ground containing harmful heavy metals in a short period of time, and suppresses the elution of harmful heavy metals. Further, parts and% in the present invention are based on mass unless otherwise specified.
[0002]
[Prior art and issues]
Problems related to the disposal of soil containing toxic heavy metals are closely related to our lives. Examples of toxic heavy metals include chromium as waste from plating factories and stainless steel industries, cadmium in Ni-Cd batteries, arsenic and selenium in the semiconductor industry.
[0003]
The problem of disposal of soil containing these toxic heavy metals has become highly interested not only by engineers engaged in this field but also by the general public.
[0004]
The harmful heavy metals here are cadmium, lead, trivalent chromium, hexavalent chromium, lead, arsenic, nickel, mercury, molybdenum, selenium, and the like. Many environmental standards such as Environment Agency Notification No. 46 (Environmental Standards Concerning Soil Contamination), Waste Disposal Law and Living Environment Conservation Ordinance have been established, and the amount of toxic heavy metals in all environments is strictly regulated Yes. In order to comply with these environmental standards, there has been a demand for a method for decomposing, adsorbing and removing compounds containing harmful heavy metals and collecting them.
[0005]
Among these toxic heavy metals, hexavalent chromium may contain waste liquids from various chemical factories such as plating factories and waste water from stainless steel factories. The effect is large, and the speed of movement is high and insolubilization is difficult.
[0006]
Thus, as a method for detoxifying soil containing hexavalent chromium, methods of adding water-soluble iron (II) chloride have been proposed (Japanese Patent Laid-Open Nos. 47-031894 and 48-48). No. 083114, JP-A-49-016714, etc.).
[0007]
However, water-soluble iron (II) chloride has the effect of reducing hexavalent chromium to trivalent insolubilization, but is very expensive. In addition, although it is excellent in the initial detoxification, there is a problem that long-term effects cannot be expected because it easily reacts with oxygen in the air to be oxidized and deteriorated, and the reduction action is lost.
[0008]
In addition, a method for fixing harmful heavy metals in soil with cement or the like has been proposed (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 56-095399). However, since cement cements harmful heavy metals such as hexavalent chromium as it hardens, it can hardly be expected to collect harmful heavy metals at a young age until it hardens. Even after the cement has hardened, when wastes containing both harmful heavy metals other than hexavalent chromium and hexavalent chromium are treated, they do not react selectively with hexavalent chromium. Therefore, there was a problem that the immobilization performance was not sufficient.
[0009]
Also known is a method of spraying harmful heavy metal scavengers mainly composed of lime on earth (JP 09-071777 A). Although the lime-based hazardous heavy metal collection material is dehydrated in a short period of time due to the digestion reaction of lime, the effect of preventing the dissolution of hexavalent chromium in the solution state is obtained, and has the function of fixing harmful heavy metals There is a problem that elution of harmful heavy metals may not be sufficiently suppressed.
[0010]
A method of fixing harmful heavy metals with calcium aluminate is also known (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2002-153836). Although this method has a high effect of collecting toxic heavy metals, there is a problem that it is difficult to uniformly mix with soil because it reacts with moisture in the soil and aggregates to form lumps.
[0011]
Therefore, as a result of various investigations in view of the above problems, the present inventors have found that a mixture of lime and calcium aluminate has solidified various harmful heavy metals including hexavalent chromium present in high water content soil in a short time. Dispersibility, which is a problem of conventional toxic heavy metal collectors mainly composed of calcium aluminate, which has the characteristics of suppressing the elution of various toxic heavy metals from the solidified body and excellent strength development. As a result, the present invention has been completed.
[0012]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
That is, the present invention is harmful heavy metal trapping material comprising a glass 12CaO · 7Al 2 O 3 composition of lime and calcium aluminate, a soil improving method comprising using the adverse heavy metals trapping material.
[0013]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.
[0014]
The calcium aluminate in the present invention is a general term for substances having hydration activity obtained by mixing a raw material containing CaO and a raw material containing Al 2 O 3 and heat-treating at 1,000 to 1,600 ° C. in a kiln or an electric furnace. It is a general term for compounds having hydration activity, and includes compounds expressed as C 3 A, C 12 A 7 , CA, etc. when CaO is expressed as C and Al 2 O 3 is expressed as A. . The synthesis of calcium aluminate is preferably performed in an oxidizing atmosphere.
[0015]
Calcium aluminate, part of the C aO-and Al 2 O 3 and alkali metal oxides, alkaline earth metal oxides, alkali metal halides, alkaline earth metal halides, alkali metal sulfates, and alkaline earth A substance substituted and dissolved in a metal sulfate or the like may also be used.
[0016]
The C / A ratio, which is the molar ratio of CaO and Al 2 O 3 in calcium aluminate, is not particularly limited, but the C / A ratio is preferably 1.0 to 3.0, and the C 12 A 7 composition is more preferable. Further, glass is preferable to crystalline.
[0017]
But are not limited to calcium granularity of aluminate is particularly preferable 2,000 cm 2 / g or more in Blaine specific surface area value, 4,000~6,000cm 2 / g is more preferable. If it is less than 2,000 cm 2 / g, the harmful heavy metal scavenging effect and initial strength development may be reduced, and if it exceeds 6,000 cm 2 / g, excessive grinding power may be required.
[0018]
The lime used in the present invention is not particularly limited and may be quick lime or slaked lime, but quick lime is preferred from the viewpoint of strength development. As quicklime, commercially available quicklime may be used or limestone may be calcined, but higher purity is preferable, and JIS standard products are preferably No. 2, and No. 1 are more preferable.
[0019]
Is not particularly limited particle size of lime, preferably 2,000 cm 2 / g or more in Blaine specific surface area value, 4,000 cm 2 / g or more is more preferable. When the Blaine specific surface area value of limestone is less than 2,000 cm 2 / g, the initial strength development may be reduced. Further, the upper limit of the Blaine specific surface area value is not particularly limited, and there is no problem as long as it is a commercially available product.
[0020]
The mixing ratio of lime and calcium aluminate of the harmful heavy metal collector of the present invention is not particularly limited, but the total ratio of CaO components contained in lime and calcium aluminate, and the molar ratio of Al 2 O 3 contained in calcium aluminate The CaO / Al 2 O 3 molar ratio is preferably 4 to 300, more preferably 10 to 70. When the CaO / Al 2 O 3 molar ratio is in the above range, the dispersibility of calcium aluminate in the soil is good and the ability to fix harmful heavy metals is improved. The collection effect is high and preferable. On the other hand, when the CaO / Al 2 O 3 molar ratio is less than 4, when sprayed on soil with a high water content, it immediately solidifies and becomes granular (dama), which may reduce the dispersibility in the soil. On the other hand, if the CaO / Al 2 O 3 molar ratio exceeds 300, the compounding amount of calcium aluminate is insufficient and the harmful heavy metal collecting effect may be reduced.
[0021]
Moreover, it is preferable that the harmful heavy metal collection material of this invention uses a setting regulator in order to suppress the aggregation of calcium aluminate, to suppress the occurrence of lumps, and to improve the dispersibility in soil. As the setting modifier, organic acids such as citric acid, tartaric acid, gluconic acid and malic acid or salts thereof, alkali metal carbonates, boric acid and the like can be used. The amount of the setting modifier used is preferably 0.1 to 5.0 parts with respect to 100 parts of calcium aluminate in the harmful heavy metal scavenger. If the amount of setting modifier used is less than 0.1 part, there is no effect, and if it exceeds 5 parts, the harmful heavy metal collecting effect is impaired, which is not preferable.
[0022]
In the hazardous heavy metal scavenger of the present invention, it is preferable that SO 3 / Al 2 O 3, which is a molar ratio of oxide-converted sulfur and oxide-converted aluminum, is 1.0 or less. If the molar ratio of SO 3 / Al 2 O 3 exceeds 1.0, the effect of collecting harmful heavy metals such as hexavalent chromium may be reduced.
[0023]
The harmful heavy metal collection material of the present invention can be used in combination with components used in conventional solidification materials and the like within a range that does not impair the object of the present invention. Examples of such components include cements such as Portland cement, blast furnace cement, and early strong cement, slags such as granulated slag and slow-cooled slag, clay compounds such as kaolin, mica and bentonite, zeolite and apatite, etc. Metal ion exchangers, chelate compounds, and the like.
[0024]
Use of a reducing agent in combination as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired is preferable from the viewpoint of enhancing the effect of collecting heavy metals. Examples of such reducing agents include divalent iron salts such as iron (II) chloride, trivalent titanium salts such as titanium (III) chloride, sulfites such as sodium sulfite, potassium sulfite, and calcium sulfite, and sulfite. Bisulfites such as sodium hydrogen and potassium bisulfite, sulfides such as sodium sulfide, potassium sulfide, calcium sulfide, and ammonium sulfide, thiosulfates such as sodium thiosulfate and potassium thiosulfate, sulfur dioxide, sulfur, lignite, and There are peats, and among these, it is preferable to use a divalent iron salt such as iron (II) chloride which does not contain sulfur and has a high ability to reduce heavy metals when used in a small amount.
[0025]
The method of using the hazardous heavy metal collection material of the present invention is not particularly limited, but usually, the hazardous heavy metal collection material of the present invention is added to soil, sludge, waste, etc. that contain hazardous heavy metals at a high water content. , Mixing is preferable. In mixing, mixing with various mixers or heavy machinery is preferable.
[0026]
【Example】
Experimental example 1
As shown in Table 1, harmful heavy metal collecting materials were prepared by changing the blending ratio of quicklime and calcium aluminate. On the other hand, Kanto loam soil (natural water content 250%) with a hexavalent chromium content of 50 mg / kg (dry base) was artificially prepared using a hexavalent chromium standard aqueous solution as contaminated soil. To 1 m 3 of this contaminated soil, 100 kg of the hazardous heavy metal collection material shown in Table 1 is added and mixed to produce a solidified body. The hexavalent chromium concentration eluted from the solidified body was measured according to the Environmental Agency Notification No. 46 method. The results are shown in Table 1. The particle sizes of the quicklime and calcium aluminate used were both Blaine specific surface area values of 6,000 cm 2 / g.
[0027]
<Materials used>
Quicklime: Commercial product, CaO content 92.0%
Hexavalent chromium standard aqueous solution: manufactured by Kanto Chemical Co., Ltd., hexavalent chromium concentration 1,000 mg / liter standard aqueous solution calcium aluminate a: C 12 A 7 composition crystalline, limestone and alumina powder are fired at 1,400 ° C., pulverized, and brain ratio Surface area value 6,000cm 2 / g 【0028】
<Test method>
Uniaxial compressive strength: Conforms to “Test method for stable soil treated with cement-based solidified material”. Hexavalent chromium concentration: Measured according to the Environmental Agency Notification No. 46 method. Mixing degree: Visual inspection (○: Uniformly mixed with no lumps. △: Some lumps are observed, but there is no hindrance to mixing, ×: Many lumps are observed, and uniform mixing is not possible)
[0029]
[Table 1]
Figure 0003919648
[0030]
Experimental example 2
The same procedure as in Experimental Example 1 was conducted except that the mixture ratio of quicklime and calcium aluminate was fixed at a CaO / Al 2 O 3 molar ratio of 7.5 and the type of calcium aluminate used was changed as shown in Table 2. . The results are shown in Table 2.
[0031]
<Materials used>
Calcium aluminate b: crystalline of C 3 A composition, synthetic product (C / A = 3.0), Blaine specific surface area value 6,000cm 2 / g
Calcium aluminate c: crystalline of CA composition, synthetic product (C / A = 1.0), Blaine specific surface area value 6,000cm 2 / g
Calcium aluminate d: Glass of C 12 A 7 composition, synthetic product (C / A = 1.7), Blaine specific surface area value 6,000cm 2 / g
Calcium aluminate e: crystalline of CA 2 composition, synthetic (C / A = 0.5), Blaine specific surface area value 6,000cm 2 / g
[0032]
[Table 2]
Figure 0003919648
[0033]
Experimental example 3
Commercially available quicklime and synthetic crystalline calcium aluminate (composition of C 12 A 7 ) were pulverized and the particle size was changed as shown in Table 3, and the same procedure as in Experimental Example 2 was performed. The results are shown in Table 3.
[0034]
<Materials used>
Quicklime: CaO content 92.0%, commercially available product is pulverized to a predetermined particle size Calcium aluminate: crystalline of C 12 A 7 composition, synthetic product is pulverized to a predetermined particle size [0035]
[Table 3]
Figure 0003919648
[0036]
Experimental Example 4
Quick lime and calcium aluminate a are mixed to make a mixed powder with a CaO / Al 2 O 3 molar ratio of 7.5, and the SO 3 / Al 2 O 3 ratio, which is the molar ratio of oxide-converted sulfur to oxide-converted aluminum, is shown. The same procedure as in Experimental Example 2 was conducted except that a harmful heavy metal scavenger was prepared by adding hemihydrate gypsum to the mixed powder so that the value shown in FIG.
[0037]
<Materials used>
Hemihydrate gypsum: manufactured by Kanto Chemical, grade 1 reagent
[Table 4]
Figure 0003919648
[0039]
Experimental Example 5
The types of hazardous heavy metals were changed as shown in Table 5, and quick lime and calcium aluminate a were mixed to form a harmful heavy metal collector with a CaO / Al 2 O 3 molar ratio of 7.5, and the amount of harmful heavy metals eluted was evaluated. Except for this, the same procedure as in Experimental Example 2 was performed. The results are shown in Table 5. In addition, the environmental standard value of each toxic heavy metal in the soil (see Environmental Agency Notification No. 46) is also provided.
[0040]
<Materials used>
Standard aqueous solution of selenium: manufactured by Kanto Chemical Co., Ltd. Standard aqueous solution of selenium concentration of 1,000 mg / liter Standard aqueous solution of cadmium manufactured by Kanto Chemical Co., Ltd. Standard aqueous solution of cadmium concentration of 1,000 mg / liter: Arsenic standard aqueous solution manufactured by Kanto Chemical Co., Ltd. Aqueous solution: Kanto Chemical Co., Molybdenum concentration 1,000 mg / liter standard aqueous solution [0041]
[Table 5]
Figure 0003919648
[0042]
【The invention's effect】
The hazardous heavy metal collecting material of the present invention has good dispersibility in clay with high water content such as viscous soil, sludge, and soft ground containing harmful heavy metals, and fixes various harmful heavy metals including hexavalent chromium. Suppresses elution from the solidified body and has excellent strength development, so it contains chromium compounds as waste in plating factories and stainless steel industry, cadmium in Ni-Cd batteries, toxic heavy metals such as arsenic and selenium in the semiconductor industry. Suitable for hazardous heavy metal collectors used in soils with high water content.

Claims (2)

石灰とカルシウムアルミネートの12CaO・7Al 組成のガラスを含有してなる有害重金属捕集材。A harmful heavy metal scavenger containing glass of 12CaO · 7Al 2 O 3 composition of lime and calcium aluminate. 請求項に記載の有害重金属捕集材を用いてなる土壌改良方法。A soil improvement method using the harmful heavy metal collecting material according to claim 1 .
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