JP2004166583A - Method and facility for cultivating mushroom - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for cultivating mushroom enabling favorably breeding mycelia in a condition varied in ambience to their breeding( growth ). <P>SOLUTION: The method comprises carrying out a culture of the mycelia by housing a culture chamber with mushroom cultivation vessels 6 obtained by inoculating spawns 5a into mushroom culture media 7, wherein the culture chamber is compartmented into an initial culture chamber 71A, at least one mid-term culture chamber 71B and a latter-term culture chamber 71C. Specifically, the method comprises carrying out the culture of the mycelia by successively transferring the mushroom cultivation vessels 6 to the respective compartments, that is: Initial culture of the mycelia is carried out by raising cleanness in the initial culture chamber 71A, thus enabling the initial breeding of the mycelia in a favorable clean atmosphere of substantially no presence of sundry germs; and in the mid-term culture chamber(s) 71B and the latter-term culture chamber 71C, the mid-term breeding and latter-term breeding of the mycelia can be favorably carried out respectively, in a condition varied in ambience to their breeding( growth ), thus enabling the breeding( culture ) of the spawns 5a to always be carried out uniformly. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a mushroom cultivation method and a mushroom cultivation facility employed for cultivating mushrooms such as shimeji and enoki mushrooms using, for example, a mushroom cultivation container.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, in this kind of mushroom cultivation method, for example, cultivation of Enokitake has been performed in the following steps. That is, first, rice bran and water are mixed with the sawdust of the raw material, and the mixture is stirred to form a culture medium. Next, in order to prevent the occurrence of miscellaneous bacteria, the culture medium (mushroom cultivation container) is sterilized in a sterilizing pot, and after cooling the sterilized culture medium, the culture medium is inoculated with a seed fungus. The mushroom cultivation container inoculated with the inoculum is cultivated in a culture room, and when the hypha is propagated in the culture medium in the mushroom cultivation container, the old inoculum is removed by scraping the fungus.
[0003]
Next, the fruiting body is formed by sprouting in the sprouting chamber, and after leveling in the leveling chamber, the stems and umbrellas of the fruiting body are aligned in the suppression chamber to produce a high-quality fruiting body. Then, in order to prevent the enokiki mushroom mushroom cultivation from hanging out of the container, the container is wrapped with raw paper or the like, and then the stalks are grown and harvested in the growth room. The harvested mushrooms are packaged, packed and shipped. The harvested mushroom cultivation containers are scraped out of the unnecessary culture medium and reused.
[0004]
It is possible to produce enoki mushrooms in this way, at that time, in a state where a plurality of mushroom cultivation containers are set in the container, to the culture room, sprouting room, leveling room, suppression room, growth room They are sequentially conveyed (for example, see Patent Document 1).
[0005]
[Patent Document 1]
Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 9-172863 (FIGS. 19 and 20)
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
By the way, the temperature and humidity of each room are controlled separately, but each room is controlled as one room. Therefore, the cultivation of the inoculum in the culture room, that is, propagation (growth) is performed from the beginning to the end in the same room under the same conditions (under the same environment), and the reproduction is likely to be uneven. . In particular, early reproduction is susceptible to germs and the like.
[0007]
Therefore, a first aspect of the present invention is to provide a method for cultivating mushrooms in which hyphae can be suitably propagated in a state where the environment is changed in accordance with propagation (growth).
[0008]
A fifth invention of the present invention aims to provide a mushroom cultivation facility capable of suitably realizing a mushroom cultivation method.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
To summarize the present invention, a first invention of the present invention is a mushroom cultivation method including a step of placing a mushroom cultivation container in which a seed fungus is inoculated into a mushroom culture medium into a culture chamber and culturing mycelia. The culture room is divided into an initial culture room, at least one middle culture room, and a late culture room. The mushroom cultivation containers are sequentially moved to the respective compartments to culture the mycelium, and the initial culture is performed. The present invention relates to a method for cultivating mushrooms, which comprises performing an initial culture of hyphae in a room with a high degree of cleanliness.
[0010]
In the first invention of the present invention, as the room temperature of each culture room, for example, the room temperature of the middle culture room is set lower than the room temperature of the initial culture room or the late culture room.
[0011]
Further, in the first invention of the present invention, a container containing a plurality of mushroom cultivation containers is stacked on a pallet, so that the mushroom cultivation container passes from the initial culture room to the middle culture room to the late culture room. It is exemplified that the movement is performed in units of pallets via a loading room adjacent to the culture room.
[0012]
Further, as one aspect, stacking on a pallet of containers containing a plurality of mushroom cultivation containers is performed in the loading room, and after the mycelium culture, the pallet taken out from the late cultivation room is separated for each container, An example of the mushroom cultivation method in which the empty pallet is washed in another room and then returned to the carry-in room again.
[0013]
That is, according to the first invention of the present invention, the initial culture of the mycelium can be performed in a suitable clean atmosphere in which almost no germs are present in the initial culture room, and the growth (growth) is performed in the middle culture room or the late culture room. The medium-stage culture and the late-stage culture of the mycelium can be suitably performed in a state where the environment is changed according to the conditions. Therefore, the mycelium can always be cultured in a uniform manner.
[0014]
A second invention of the present invention is a mushroom cultivation facility including a step of culturing a mycelium by placing a mushroom cultivation container in which a mushroom culture medium is inoculated with an inoculum into a culture room, wherein the culture room has an initial stage. A compartment is formed into a culture room, at least one middle-stage culture room, and a late-stage culture room. The mushroom cultivation container can be sequentially moved to each of the compartments to culture the mycelium, and the initial culture room has a clean degree. The present invention relates to a mushroom cultivation facility, wherein the mushroom cultivation facility is characterized in that the mushroom cultivation facility is enhanced.
[0015]
In the second invention of the present invention, it is exemplified that the room temperature of each compartment is set lower than the room temperature of the initial culture room or the late culture room.
[0016]
Further, in the second invention of the present invention, containers accommodating a plurality of mushroom cultivation containers are stacked on a pallet, so that the mushroom cultivation containers reach the late culture room from the initial culture room through the middle culture room. It is exemplified that the movement is performed on a pallet basis through a carry-in room adjacent to the culture room.
[0017]
Further, as one aspect of this, stacking on a pallet of containers containing a plurality of mushroom cultivation containers is performed in the loading room, and after culturing the mycelium, the pallet taken out of the late culturing room is separated for each container, The empty pallet is moved to another room, and a washing machine is provided in this another room. After washing the pallet in another room, the mushroom cultivation equipment is configured so that the pallet is returned to the loading room again. Is done.
[0018]
That is, according to the second aspect of the present invention, it is possible to provide equipment capable of suitably realizing the mushroom cultivation method of the first aspect of the present invention.
Further, aspects of the first invention of the present invention will be described below.
[0019]
As one aspect of the first invention of the present invention, the mushroom culture medium is prepared by first charging a mushroom culture container in a mushroom cultivation container in a preparation room, and then sterilizing the mushroom culture medium. After that, inoculation room was inoculated with a seed fungus for the mushroom culture medium. A mushroom cultivation method in which a mushroom cultivation container is put into a fungus scraping room to scrape the fungus, and then the mushroom cultivation container is put into a sprout room to sprout, and then put into a growth room to grow. Is divided into an initial culture room, at least one middle culture room, and a late culture room. The mushroom cultivation containers are sequentially moved to culture mycelia, and the initial culture room has a high degree of cleanliness. Performing the initial culture of Umate hyphae about mushroom cultivation method according to claim.
[0020]
In this embodiment, as the room temperature of each section, the room temperature of the middle-stage culture room is set lower than the room temperature of the early-stage culture room or the late-stage culture room.
Further, in this embodiment, for example, a container containing a plurality of mushroom cultivation containers is stacked on a pallet, so that the movement of the mushroom cultivation container from the initial culture room to the middle culture room to the late culture room is prevented. The pallet is taken out from the late cultivation room through the carry-in room, transferred to another room through the carry-in room, and the containers are separated and emptied in this separate room. The mushroom cultivation method is characterized in that the pallets are washed and then returned to the carry-in room.
[0021]
Further, as one aspect of the second invention of the present invention, the preparation zone has a preparation zone and a cultivation zone, and the preparation zone is provided with a mushroom culture medium in a mushroom cultivation container, and the inoculation of the inoculum into the mushroom culture medium. An inoculation room for performing the inoculation is provided, and a cultivation zone is provided with a culture room for culturing the mycelium inoculated to the mushroom cultivation base, a sprouting room for sprouting, and a growth room for growing. A cultivation facility, wherein the culture room is divided into an initial culture room with an increased degree of cleanliness, at least one middle culture room, and a late culture room. The present invention relates to a mushroom cultivation facility characterized by performing culturing of mushrooms.
[0022]
In the present embodiment, the room temperature of each compartment is exemplified by setting the room temperature of the middle-stage culture room lower than the room temperature of the early-stage culture room or the late-stage culture room.
Further, in this embodiment, by stacking containers containing a plurality of mushroom cultivation containers on a pallet, the movement of the mushroom cultivation container from the initial culture room to the late culture room through the middle culture room is transferred to the culture room. The pallet is taken out from the late cultivation room via the import room, moved to another room via the import room, and the container is separated and emptied in this separate room. It is exemplified that a pallet washing machine is provided.
[0023]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings as mushrooms, particularly mushrooms and mushrooms, for example, as a state adopted for cultivation of Hatakeshimeji and Bunashimeji, but these illustrate aspects of the present invention. However, the present invention is not limited to these descriptions.
[0024]
As shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, the cultivation equipment for shimeji mushrooms includes a fungus culture zone 10, a preparation zone 40, and a cultivation zone 60. As shown in FIGS. 2, 4, 7, 8, and 19, the bacterial culturing zone 10 is largely formed on a first floor B in a structure A such as a side wall, a partition wall, a floor wall, or a ceiling wall. Separately, a bacteria preparation room 11, a buffer room 17, a cooling room 19, and a bacteria inoculation room 22 are formed, and a bacteria culture room 30 is formed from the first floor B to the second floor C.
[0025]
In the fungus preparation chamber 11, the fungal culture medium 2 is charged in the fungal culture vessel 1, and a charging section conveyor 12 forming a feeding line, a mixer 13 for the fungal culture medium 2, and the fungus culture vessel 1 after the fungal culture is completed. A scraping machine 14 for scraping out the unnecessary bacterial culture medium 2, a filling machine 15 for filling (charging) the bacterial culture medium 2 into the bacterial culture vessel 1 on the feeding section conveyor 12, and a washing machine for cleaning the empty bacterial culture vessel 1 16 and the like are provided.
[0026]
The bacterium culture vessel 1 is, for example, in a bottle shape, in which the bacterium culture medium 2 can be inserted, and a gas-permeable cap 1A is detachably provided in the upper end opening. Then, for example, 16 (plural) bacterial culture containers 1 are neatly stored in the container 3 as 4 columns and 4 rows, and are handled in units of the container 3.
[0027]
A sterilizing means (such as a pressurized steam sterilizing pot) 18 for sterilizing the bacterial culture medium 2 packed in the bacterial culture vessel 1 is provided between the bacterial preparation chamber 11 and the buffer chamber 17. I have. The buffer chamber 17 is provided for blocking heat transfer to the cooling chamber 19, and the cooling chamber 19 is provided for cooling the bacterial culture medium 2 and the like heated by the sterilizing means 18. ing.
[0028]
A working room 20 is formed at a location outside the preparation room 11, and an air shower room is provided in a portion of the working room 20. It is designed to enter the fungus inoculation room 22 and the like. In addition, a boiler chamber 21 for generating steam is provided near the preparation chamber 11, so that the heat source of the sterilizing means 18 can be supplied.
[0029]
The inoculum inoculation chamber 22 is for inoculating the bacterial culture medium 2 of the bacterial culture vessel 1 placed in the cooling room 19 with the original bacteria 5 contained in the original bacteria storage container 4. And an inoculator 24 for inoculating the original bacteria 5 into the fungus culture vessel 1 on the inoculation part conveyor 23.
[0030]
Here, the inoculator 24 is provided with a support 25 for supporting the original bacteria storage container 4 in the reverse direction, and the inoculum 24 is inserted into the reverse direction of the original bacteria storage container 4 and then rotated to remove the original bacteria 5 on the downward surface. It comprises a scraping body 26 to be scraped off, a shoot body 27 for collecting the scraped original bacteria 5, a shutter 28 for opening and closing the lower end opening of the shoot body 27, and the like.
[0031]
At this time, the original bacteria storage container 4 and the chute body 27 are disposed at four (single or multiple) positions in a direction perpendicular to the conveying direction of the inoculation part conveyor 23, and the container is conveyed by the inoculation part conveyor 23. By being intermittently transported, the original bacteria 5 are dropped and supplied into the four bacterial culture vessels 1 for each row. The inoculator 24 may have a configuration in which the shoot body 27 and the shutter 28 are omitted, and the original bacteria 5 scraped off by the scraper 26 are directly dropped and supplied into the bacterial culture container 1.
[0032]
The germ culture chamber 30 is for cultivating a seed bacterium in the germ culture vessel 1 and is freely communicable with the germ inoculation chamber 22. The bacteria culture room 30 is provided with a three-dimensional shelf 31 so that the bacteria culture container 1 is stored and stored in units of the containers 3. A handling device 32, a shutter device 33, and the like are provided at the entrance and exit of the fungus inoculation room 22 and the fungal culturing room 30. Further, the fungal culturing room 30 is provided between the three-dimensional shelf 31 and the handling device 32. An access means (crane) 34 for transferring the container 3 is provided.
[0033]
The fungus inoculation chamber 22 and the fungal culture chamber 30 are sterilized by, for example, volatilizing formalin and spraying or spraying through a hose or the like. The inoculation and the culture of the inoculum are performed. Further, the portion of the inoculation machine 24 in the fungus inoculation chamber 22 is configured so that the inoculum 5 is inoculated into the fungal culture medium 2 in a clean atmosphere.
[0034]
As shown in FIGS. 2, 4, 9, 10, and 19, the charging zone 40 is roughly divided into a first floor B portion in the building A and a portion outside the building A. , A first buffer chamber 45, a cooling chamber 47, a second buffer chamber 52, and an inoculation chamber 55.
[0035]
In the charging room 41, the mushroom culture medium 7 is charged into the mushroom cultivation container 6, and the mushroom culture medium 7 is packed into the mushroom cultivation container 6 forming the charging line and the mushroom cultivation container 6 on the charging section conveyor 42 (charge). A stuffing machine 43, a stacking machine 44 for a trolley (not shown), and the like are provided. The mushroom cultivation containers 6 are 16 (plural) are neatly stored in the container 3 as 4 columns and 4 rows, and are stacked in a plurality of stages on the pallet 9 by the stacking machine 44, so that the unit of the pallet 9 is (See FIG. 9).
[0036]
A sterilizing means (sterilizing pot or the like) 46 for sterilizing the mushroom culture medium 7 packed in the mushroom cultivation container 6 is provided between the preparation chamber 41 and the former buffer chamber 45. The pre-buffer chamber 45 is provided for blocking heat transfer to the cooling chamber 47 side, and the cooling chamber 47 is provided for cooling the mushroom culture medium 7 and the like heated by the sterilizing means 46. ing.
[0037]
In addition, a boiler chamber 48 for generating steam is provided near the charging chamber 41, so that the heat source of the sterilizing means 46 can be supplied. Further, a mixer 50 for the mushroom culture medium 7 and the like are provided. The rear buffer chamber 52 is provided with a destacker 53 for the containers 3 stacked on the pallet 9.
[0038]
In the inoculation room 55, the mushroom culture medium 7, which is packed in the mushroom cultivation container 6 and then sterilized, is inoculated with the inoculum 5 a taken out of the fungus culture container 1 (see FIG. 10). A first transporting means 56 for handling the container 8 therethrough is provided. That is, the first transfer means 56 is formed by a conveyor device, and the start end of the transfer path reaches the unloading machine 53 of the rear buffer chamber 52. In the middle part, an automatic inoculator 57 for inoculating the mushroom culture medium 7 in the mushroom cultivation vessel 6 with the inoculum 5a taken out of the fungus culture vessel 1 is provided.
[0039]
Here, the inoculation machine 57 also includes an automatic cap opening / closing device. The inoculation chamber 55 is configured so that the clean atmosphere is maintained in a clean atmosphere of class 1000, and the inoculum 5a is inoculated into the mushroom culture medium 7 under the clean atmosphere. The cooling chamber 47 and the subsequent buffer chamber 52 are also kept in a clean atmosphere of class 1000 in cleanliness.
[0040]
As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, 5, 6, 9 to 15, and 19, the cultivation zone 60 is roughly divided into the building A, and the first floor B has a loading room 61, A bacteria scraping room (an example of a separate room) 91, a processing room 111, and the like are provided. From the first floor B to the second floor C, an initial culture room 71A, a middle culture room 71B, a late culture room 71C, a sprouting room 131, and the like are provided, and a growth room 141 and a harvest room 161 are further provided on the second floor C. And so on.
[0041]
In the loading chamber 61 into which the terminal end of the transfer path in the first transfer means 56 protrudes, a stacking machine 62 for stacking containers 3 on the pallet 9 facing the terminal end of the first transfer means 56. Is provided. Here, the stacking machine 62 stacks the containers 3 conveyed by the first conveying means 56 on the pallets 9, stacks a predetermined number (predetermined stages), and then transfers the pallets 9 to the pallet transfer device 63. It is configured to be deliverable.
[0042]
The pallet transfer device 63 is configured to be able to transfer the pallet 9 to and from the pallet transport unit 64. Here, as the pallet conveying means 64, for example, a self-propelled bogie type having a fork device is adopted. In addition, a pallet carry-in conveyor device 65 from the bacteria scraping chamber 91 is provided in the portion of the stacking machine 62.
[0043]
The initial culture room 71A, the middle culture room 71B, and the late culture room 71C store and store the mushroom cultivation containers 6 in units of pallets 9 for culturing the inoculum 5a. Of the shelves 72A, 72B, 72C, and the loading / unloading devices (cranes) 73A, 73B, 73C located between the shelves 72A, 72B, 72C. In other words, a plurality of storage sections 74A, 74B, 74C are formed in the both shelves 72A, 72B, 72C in the up-down direction and the left-right direction, and the storage sections 74A, 74B, 74C respectively store the pallets 9 freely. It is configured.
[0044]
A handling device 75A, 75B, 75C is provided between each of the culture chambers 71A, 71B, 71C and the carry-in chamber 61, so that the handling devices 75A, 75B, 75C and the pallet transport means 64 are connected to each other. The pallet 9 can be transferred between them. Here, in the initial culture room 71A, the pallet 9 can be transferred to the unloading device 75A by the loading / unloading device 73A, but in the middle-stage culture room 71B and the late-stage culture room 71C, the loading / unloading devices 73B and 73C are moved between the passages. The pallets 9 can be transferred to the loading / unloading devices 75B and 75C by the loading / unloading devices 73B and 73C transferred to the traversers 76B and 76C.
[0045]
The loading / unloading devices 73A, 73B, 73C are configured so as to be able to travel between the shelf devices 72A and to be able to carry and unload them, for example, like the loading / unloading device 73A of the initial culture chamber 71A shown in FIGS. That is, the loading / unloading device 73A is supported and guided by the floor-side rails and guided by the ceiling-side rails, and is capable of traveling on the traveling route 85. The lower traveling body 81 and the post standing from the traveling body 81 82, a carriage 83 guided up and down to the post 82 side, and a loading / unloading tool (fork) 84 provided on the carriage 83 so as to be able to move in and out in the horizontal direction.
[0046]
A humidifier 86 and a unit cooler 87 are provided at predetermined plural (or singular) locations on the ceiling of each of the culture chambers 71A, 71B, and 71C.
[0047]
The germ scraping chamber 91 is provided with a second transfer means 95 in addition to the pallet carry-in conveyor device 65. A start end portion of the pallet carry-in conveyor device 65 is opposed to a pallet transfer device 66 configured to be able to transfer the pallet 9 to and from the pallet transport means 64. The pallet carry-in conveyor device 65 includes a destacker 92 for destacking the group of containers 3 stacked on the pallet 9, an air washer 93 for cleaning the empty pallet 9, and a washed empty pallet 9. And a stacker 94 for stacking the pallets 9.
[0048]
Here, the unstacker 92 removes the container 3 from the pallet 9 taken out to the pallet carry-in conveyor device 65 via the pallet transfer means 64 or the pallet transfer device 66 after the culturing period in the late culture chamber 71C. After being separated, it is configured to be supplied to the second transport means 95.
[0049]
The second transporting means 95 is formed by a conveyor device. In the middle part, a cap removing device 96 for automatically removing the cap 6A from the mushroom cultivation container 6, and a device for scraping bacteria in the mushroom cultivation container 6 are provided. A fungus scraping machine 97 and a reversing machine 106 for reversing the mushroom cultivation container group 6 are provided.
[0050]
The fungus scraper 97 is provided with a support 98 that supports the mushroom cultivation container 6 in the opposite direction, and is inserted into the mushroom cultivation container 6 in the opposite direction and then rotated to rotate the mushroom cultivation medium 7 on the downward surface. It comprises a scraping body 99 for scraping (removing) the inoculum 5a. At this time, the bacteria scraping is performed such that four containers are simultaneously carried out for each row by intermittently transporting the container 3.
[0051]
The reversing device 106 is for reversing the group of mushroom cultivation containers 6, and first, as shown in FIG. 13A, the container 3 which is opposite to the mouth 6 a of the group of mushroom cultivation containers 6 from above. By supplying, the container 3 is located above and below the group of mushroom cultivation containers 6. Then, while being lifted from the second transport means 95 before and after this, as shown in FIG. 13B, the upper and lower containers 3 are rotated (reversed) by 180 degrees so that they are interchanged. After being unloaded, the upper container 3 is removed.
[0052]
In the processing chamber 111, a third transfer means 112 is provided in addition to the second transfer means 95. A shelving device 113 is provided at the end of the second transport means 95, and a shelving device 114 is provided at the start end of the third transport means 112 alongside the shelf device 113. Further, a shelf pallet conveying means 115 is provided between the shelving device 113 and the shelving device 114 between the sides and outside.
[0053]
As shown in FIG. 14, the shelf pallet 121 has a base body 123 having a fork insertion portion 122, a vertical member 124 erected from four corners of the base body 123, The receiving member 125 is provided to form a frame. Note that the receiving member 125 is preferably of a round bar parallel type, a mesh type, a perforated plate type, or the like in consideration of air permeability and the like.
[0054]
As shown in FIG. 1, the shelf insertion device 113 sequentially stores the containers 3 transported by the second transporting means 95, that is, the containers 3 containing the mushroom cultivation containers 6 in a reverse orientation, on a shelf pallet. It is configured to be inserted and supplied onto the base body 123 of the 121 or the receiving member 125. The shelving device 114 is configured to sequentially take out the containers 3 supported on the base body 123 of the shelf pallet 121 and the receiving member 125 and transfer the containers 3 to the third transport means 112. The shelf pallet conveying means 115 is configured to be able to transfer the shelf pallets 121 to and from the shelf insertion device 113 and the shelf unloading device 114.
[0055]
The third transporting means 112 is formed by a conveyor device, and in the middle portion thereof, a forward rotation machine 117 for turning the group of mushroom cultivation containers 6 in the opposite direction to a positive direction, and a harvesting device for attaching the harvest ring 101 to the group of mushroom cultivation containers 6. A ring mounting machine 118 is provided.
[0056]
The forward rotation machine 117 rotates the group of mushroom cultivation containers 6 forward, and first, as shown by the solid line in FIG. 13C, the group of mushroom cultivation containers 6 stored in the opposite direction to the container 3 side. The container 3 is supplied from above to the bottom group and is fitted into the bottom group from above as shown by a virtual line in FIG. 13C. Then, while being lifted from the third transport means 112 before and after this, the upper and lower containers 3 are rotated 180 degrees (forward rotation) so that the upper and lower containers 3 are interchanged, and then lowered to the third transport means 112, and then the upper container 3 is removed. It is configured to
[0057]
As shown in FIG. 15, the harvesting ring 101 includes a lower cylindrical portion 102 having a larger diameter as it goes upward, a contact portion 103 continuously provided outward from an upper end of the lower cylindrical portion 102, and a contact portion 103. Are integrally formed in a state having an upper cylindrical portion 102 and the like which are provided outward from the upper end of the upper cylindrical portion and have a larger diameter as the upper position.
[0058]
The harvesting ring attaching machine 118 attaches the harvesting ring 101 to the group of mushroom cultivation containers 6 that are stored in the container 3 in the normal direction after the normal rotation, and the lower cylindrical portion 102 of the harvesting ring 101 is The harvesting ring 101 group is configured to be attached to the mushroom cultivation container 6 group by being inserted into the mouth 6a group of the mushroom cultivation container 6 from above and bringing the contact portion 103 into contact with the mouth 6a. . Note that a vertical transport unit 119 is provided to face the end of the third transport unit 112, and the vertical transport unit 119 reaches the second floor C.
[0059]
As shown in FIGS. 1, 2, and 14, in the sprouting chamber 131, the container 3 storing the mushroom cultivation container 6 in the opposite direction is stored and stored in units of the shelf pallets 121 to sprout. And a plurality of left and right shelves 132 capable of storing the shelf pallets 121, and a loading / unloading device (crane) 134 located between the shelves 132. A plurality of storage units 133 are formed in the both shelves 132 in the vertical and horizontal directions, and each storage unit 133 is configured to be able to store the shelf pallets 121 freely.
[0060]
A humidifier and a unit cooler (both not shown) are provided on the ceiling of the sprouting chamber 131. An illumination device (not shown) for irradiating the group of mushroom cultivation containers 6 from a predetermined direction is provided on a side wall portion of the sprouting chamber 131.
[0061]
On the side of the processing chamber 111 in the sprouting chamber 131, an isolation chamber 136 is formed via a shutter device (moisture-proof door) 135. The isolation chamber 136 is formed to have a size in which the loading / unloading device 134 can wait, and a shelf pallet handling device 137 is provided in which the loading / unloading device 134 and the shelf pallet conveying means 115 can freely transfer the shelf pallets 121. ing.
[0062]
As shown in FIG. 3, a fourth transporting unit 138 whose one end faces the vertical transporting unit 119 is provided outside the growing room 141. Here, the fourth transport means 138 is configured by arranging a conveyor device that can be driven forward and backward in two stages, upper and lower. At that time, the upper stage is used for storage and the lower stage is used for exit.
[0063]
The growth room 141 is divided into 12 rooms (multiple rooms) by a partition wall. Most of these chambers are formed in a growth room 141a that performs leveling, suppression, and the like, and some are formed in a growth return room (suppression return room) 141b.
[0064]
Each growth chamber section 141a of the growth chamber 141 is provided with a circulating conveyance means (a circulating conveyor or the like) 143 that forms a rectangular circulation path 142 in plan view. The circulating and conveying means 143 is configured to support and circulate (circulate) a shelf pallet 121 similar to that used in the sprouting chamber 131 or the like in the form of a dense train. A fixed shelf device 144 and a carry-in / out conveyor device 145 are provided in the growth return room portion 141b of the growth room 141. A humidifier, a unit cooler, and a lighting device (all not shown) are provided at predetermined positions in each of the growth room sections 141a and the growth return chamber section 141b.
[0065]
Two (single or plural) transfer units 151 are provided between the fourth transport unit 138 and the growing room 141 so as to be able to automatically travel along the transport path of the fourth transport unit 138. I have. These transfer means 151 are configured to be able to transfer the shelf pallets 121 to and from the circulating and conveying means 143 of each growing room section 141a. Further, the transfer means 151 is supported by the shelf pallet 121 and the shelf insertion device for sequentially inserting and transporting the containers 3 transported in the upper storage portion of the fourth transport means 138 to the shelf pallet 121 side. There is provided a shelving device and the like for sequentially taking out the containers 3 and moving them to the lower-level outgoing portion of the fourth transport means 138.
[0066]
The harvesting chamber 161 is configured to receive the container 3 (mushroom cultivation container 6) transported from the growth chamber 141 side by the fourth transporting means 136. In this harvesting room 161, the Hatakeshimeji (mushroom) M grown using the mushroom cultivation container 6 is cut off from the mushroom cultivation container 6, and the Hatakeshimeji mushroom M is weighed, packed, packed, and the like, and then shipped. Is done.
[0067]
That is, the harvesting chamber 161 is provided with a fifth transport unit 162 that is connected to the fourth transport unit 138 and that can be driven forward and reverse. A large number of sixth transport units provided in a branch from the fifth transport unit 162 are provided. A reaping section (manual harvesting section) 164 is provided at a portion 163. A weighing unit 166 and a packaging unit 167 are provided in a portion of the harvesting / transporting unit 165 from a portion of the cutting unit 164. The packaging unit 167 is configured to automatically (or manually) wrap the weighed hatake mushrooms M. Further, a packing part 168 is provided below the packing part 167, and the packing part 168 is configured to be automatically packed (packed) by a package or a robot.
[0068]
A post-processing chamber 171 is provided adjacent to the harvesting chamber 161. In the post-processing chamber 171, an end portion of a seventh transport unit 172 connected to the fifth transport unit 162 is located. The post-processing chamber 171 is provided with a scraping machine 173 for scraping the mushroom culture medium 7 that has become unnecessary from the mushroom cultivation container 6 from which the Hatake Shimeji mushrooms have been cut, and an air cleaning machine 174 for washing the container 3 and the like.
[0069]
As shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, a material storage room 175 is provided adjacent to the post-processing room 171, and the material storage room 175 is formed from the first floor B to the second floor C. Note that the material storage room 175 is provided with, for example, an automatic warehouse type storage means 176 so that the washed container 3 and mushroom cultivation container 6 can be stored.
[0070]
A vertical transport unit 180 is provided facing the packing unit 168, and the vertical transport unit 180 is connected to a shipping conveyor device 182 provided at a shipping site 181 on the first floor B.
[0071]
The necessary rooms such as the culture rooms 71A to 71C, the sprouting room 131, and the growing room 141 are ventilated, and the temperature, humidity, and number of days (hours) vary depending on the culture of the inoculum 5a and the cultivation of Hatakeshimeji M. Is managed.
[0072]
The operation of the above embodiment will be described below.
First, the operation in the bacteria culturing zone 10 will be described with reference to FIGS. 2, 4, 7, 8, and 19. FIG.
[0073]
In the germ preparation room 11, the bacterium culture medium 2 mixed by the mixer 13 is charged into the bacterium culture vessel 1 which is housed in the container 3 and is on the preparation section conveyor 12, and the cap 1A is put on the bacterium culture vessel 1. (See FIG. 7). The fungus culture vessel 1 is passed through a sterilizing means 18 to heat and sterilize the fungus culture medium 2, and then cooled (cooled) in a cooling room 19.
[0074]
Next, the bacterial culture container 1 is carried into the bacterial inoculation room 22 in the unit of the container 3 and is transferred to the inoculation part conveyor 23. Here, the original bacteria storage container 4 is prepared in the fungus inoculation room 22, and as shown in FIG. 27. Further, the mouth of the group of bacterial culture containers 1 with the cap 1A removed is opposed to the opening of the group of shoots 27 from below.
[0075]
As described above, before and after positioning the group of bacterial culture containers, the scraping body 26 is rotated after the scraping body 26 is inserted into the reverse direction of the original bacterial storage container 4 and is scraped, thereby the original bacteria 5 on the downward surface are scraped off. The scraped bacteria 5 are collected in the shoot body 27. Then, the shutter 28 is opened in a state where a predetermined amount of scraping is performed and the group of bacterial culture containers 1 is opposed to each other from below. As a result, the original bacteria 5 in the shoot body 27 are dropped and supplied into the bacterial culture container 1 through the lower end opening, and the desired inoculation is performed.
[0076]
At this time, the inoculum 5 is inoculated in a state where the inside of the inoculation chamber 22 is sterilized and the inoculation machine 24 is in a clean atmosphere. Furthermore, since the worker passes through the work room 20 equipped with an air shower and enters the fungus inoculation room 22 in a clean state, the inoculation of the protozoa 5 on the fungal culture medium 2 requires that various bacteria enter. No, it can always be performed favorably.
[0077]
In this way, the cap 1A is put on the fungal culture vessel 1 in which the fungal culture 5 has been inoculated into the fungal culture medium 2. Next, the bacterial culture container 1 is carried into the bacterial culture room 30 in units of the container 3 and stored and stored on the three-dimensional shelf 31. Then, the bacteria are cultured from the original bacteria 5 in the bacteria culture container 1 in the bacteria culture chamber 30 where the temperature and humidity are controlled. At this time, the cultivation of the bacterium can always be suitably performed without the entry of various germs since the bacterium culturing chamber 30 is sterilized.
[0078]
The fungus culture vessel 1 in which the fungus was cultured in this manner is taken out of the fungus culture chamber 30 into the fungus inoculation chamber 22, and is carried into the inoculation chamber 55, where the cultured fungus is used as the inoculum 5a for mushroom cultivation. Used.
[0079]
Next, the operation in the preparation zone 40 will be described with reference to FIGS. 2, 4, 9, and 19. FIG.
In the preparation room 41, the mushroom culture medium 7 mixed by the mixer 50 is charged into the mushroom culture container 6 stored in the container 3 and located on the preparation section conveyor 42, and the cap 6A is put on the mushroom culture container 6. . The container 3 containing the mushroom cultivation container 6 is stacked on the pallet 9 in the stacking machine 44 (see FIG. 9), passed through the sterilizing means 46, and the mushroom culture medium 7 is heat-sterilized and then cooled. It is cooled (cooled) in the chamber 47.
[0080]
Next, the mushroom cultivation container 6 is separated by the destacker 53 in the latter buffer chamber 52, passed to the first transport means 56 in the unit of the container 3, and carried into the inoculation chamber 55. Here, the fungus culture container 1 is carried into the inoculation room 55.
[0081]
Then, in the inoculator 57, first, the cap 6A is simultaneously removed (opened) from each mushroom cultivation container 6, and then the inoculum 5a in the fungus culture container 1 is inoculated into the mushroom culture medium 7 of each mushroom cultivation container 6. Then, the cap 6A is simultaneously covered (capped) on each mushroom cultivation container 6. Then, the container 3 is carried out of the inoculation room 55 by the first transport means 56 and is carried into the carry-in room 61.
[0082]
Next, the operation in the cultivation zone 60 will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3, 5, 6, 9 to 15, and 19.
The containers 3 carried into the carry-in chamber 61 are stacked in a predetermined number of stages on the pallets 9 carried in from the pallet carry-in conveyor device 65 by the palletizer action of the stacking machine 62 (see FIG. 9). This allows the group of containers 3 to be handled in units of pallets 9. Next, the pallet 9 is carried into the initial culture chamber 71A via the pallet delivery device 63, the pallet transporting means 64, and the unloading device 75A, and is moved into and out of the shelf device 72A by the taking-in / out action of the taking-out device 73A. Is stored in
[0083]
That is, the pallet 9 on the handling device 75A is received by the loading / unloading device 73A by operating the loading / unloading tool 84 of the loading / unloading device 73A. Next, as shown in FIG. 5 and FIG. 6, a desired storage operation is performed by a combination of the traveling movement of the loading / unloading device 73 </ b> A on the traveling route 85, the raising / lowering movement of the carriage 83, and the retracting movement of the loading / unloading tool 84. The pallet 9 can be stored in the section 74A.
[0084]
In this way, a large number of mushroom cultivation containers 6 are stored in the shelf device 72A of the initial culture chamber 71A in units of pallets 9, and the temperature is, for example, 10 to 30 ° C, preferably 18 to 27 ° C, and particularly preferably. Is 21 to 25 ° C., the humidity is 30 to 95%, preferably 50 to 90%, particularly preferably 60 to 80%, and the carbon dioxide concentration is about 500 to 20,000 ppm, preferably 1,000 to 5,000 ppm, particularly preferably. Cultivation is performed for 7 to 60 days, preferably for 7 to 30 days, particularly preferably for about 14 days, in an environment of 3000 ppm and a degree of cleanness of class 1000. By culturing under the above conditions, mycelia are initially propagated in the mushroom culture medium 7.
[0085]
At that time, in the initial culture chamber 71A, by increasing the cleanliness while pressurizing, the air flow from the low pressure outside to the high pressure initial culture chamber 71A is eliminated, thereby preventing the invasion of various bacteria from the outside, The initial propagation of hypha can be performed in a suitable clean atmosphere. Here, the cleanliness of the initial culture chamber 71A is not particularly limited, but may be, for example, a class of 30,000 or less, preferably a class of 5000 or less, and particularly preferably a class of 1000 or less.
[0086]
Next, the pallet 9 is taken out from the initial culture chamber 71A via the loading / unloading device 73A and the cargo handling device 75A, and is then carried into the medium culture chamber 71B via the pallet transport means 64 and the cargo handling device 75B. Then, the data is stored in the target storage section 74B of the shelf device 72B by the operation of the traverser 76B and the operation of the insertion / removal device 73B.
[0087]
In this way, a large number of mushroom cultivation containers 6 are stored in the shelf device 72B of the medium-term culture room 71B in units of pallets 9, and the temperature is, for example, 8 to 28 ° C, preferably 15 to 25 ° C, and particularly preferably. Is 18 to 21 ° C., the humidity is 30 to 95%, preferably 50 to 90%, particularly preferably 60 to 80%, the carbon dioxide concentration is about 500 to 20,000 ppm, preferably 1,000 to 5,000 ppm, particularly preferably. The culture is performed under an environment of 3000 ppm for 20 to 50 days, particularly preferably for 35 to 45 days. By culturing under the above conditions, the mycelium is propagated in the mushroom culture medium 7 in the middle stage.
[0088]
Next, the pallet 9 is taken out of the middle-stage culture room 71B via the loading / unloading device 73B, the cargo handling device 75B, and the like, and then is carried into the late-stage culture room 71C via the pallet transport means 64 and the cargo handling device 75C. Then, the data is stored in the target storage unit 74C of the shelf device 72C by the operation of the traverser 76C and the insertion / removal operation of the access device 73C.
[0089]
In this way, a large number of mushroom cultivation containers 6 are stored in units of pallets 9 in the shelf device 72C of the late culture chamber 71C, and for example, have a temperature of 10 to 30 ° C, preferably 18 to 27 ° C, and particularly preferably. Is 21 to 25 ° C., the humidity is 30 to 95%, preferably 50 to 90%, particularly preferably 60 to 80%, and the carbon dioxide concentration is about 500 to 20,000 ppm, preferably 1,000 to 5,000 ppm, particularly preferably. Cultivation is carried out in an environment of 3000 ppm for 10 to 40 days, particularly preferably for about 37 days. By culturing under the above conditions, the mycelium is propagated late in the mushroom culture medium 7.
[0090]
As described above, the intended culture period of the mycelium ends. At that time, the culture room is partitioned into an initial culture room 71A, a middle culture room 71B, and a late culture room 71C. The mushroom cultivation container 6 is sequentially moved to culture the inoculum 5a, and the initial culture chamber 71A performs the initial culture 5a of the inoculum by increasing the degree of cleanness. The initial growth of hyphae can be performed in an atmosphere, and the medium-stage and late-stage propagation of hyphae can be suitably performed in the medium-stage culture room 71B and the late-stage culture room 71C in a state where the environment is changed in accordance with the growth (growth).
[0091]
Further, by lowering the room temperature of the middle-stage culture room 71B with respect to the room temperature of the initial culture room 71A and the late-stage culture room 71C, for example, the room temperature of the initial culture room 71A and the late-stage culture room 71C is set to 23 to 25 ° C. By setting the room temperature of the chamber 71B to 20 to 21 ° C., the temperature environment is changed in accordance with the propagation (growth), and each hypha can be suitably propagated.
[0092]
The mushroom cultivation container 7, which has completed the intended culture period as described above, that is, the container 3, is taken out of the late culture room 71C via the loading / unloading device 73C, the unloading device 75C, etc., and then the pallet transport means 64 and the like. The bacterium is taken out through the pallet transfer device 66 into the bacteria scraping chamber 91.
[0093]
The container 3 taken out of the germ scraping chamber 91 is separated from the pallet 9 by the depalletizing action of the separating device 92, and is supplied to the start end of the second transfer means 95. The empty pallets 9 are conveyed by the pallet carry-in conveyor device 65, are washed by the air washer 93 during that time, and are stacked by the stacker 94 by a predetermined number of sheets, and then are moved to the carry-in chamber 61 side. Will be returned.
[0094]
As described above, the containers 3 accommodating the plurality of mushroom cultivation containers 6 are stacked on the pallet 9, so that the mushroom cultivation containers 6 pass from the initial culture room 71A to the late culture room 71C via the middle culture room 71B. The movement is performed in units of pallets via the loading chamber 61 adjacent to the culture chambers 71A to 71C, and the pallet 9 taken out from the late culture chamber 71C is moved to the bacteria scraping chamber (separate chamber) 91 via the loading chamber 61. Then, the pallet 9 in which the container 3 is separated and emptied in the bacteria scraping chamber 91 is washed and returned to the loading chamber 61, so that various bacteria enter the loading chamber 61, that is, the culture chambers 71A to 71A. Invasion of various bacteria into 71C can be almost eliminated.
[0095]
The stacking machine 62, the pallet transfer device 63, the pallet transfer means 64, the pallet carry-in conveyor device 65, the pallet transfer device 66, etc. disposed in the carry-in chamber 61 are appropriately subjected to a disinfection process or the like. is there.
[0096]
The container 3 that has been stepped off from the pallet 9 by the step-off machine 92 and supplied to the start end of the second conveying means 95 is conveyed and stopped in opposition to the cap removing machine 96 to remove the cap from each mushroom cultivation container 6. 6A is removed simultaneously. Next, the container 3 is stopped facing the bacteria scraper 97. In this fungus scraper 97, the mushroom cultivation container 6 is supported in the opposite direction by the support body 98, and in this state, the scraping body 99 is inserted into the mushroom cultivation container 6 in the opposite direction, and is rotated by being pushed into the mushroom cultivation container 6, Bacteria are scraped into each mushroom cultivation container 6, whereby the old inoculum 5a on the downward surface of the mushroom culture medium 7 is removed (see FIG. 11).
[0097]
In this way, the group of mushroom cultivation containers 6 which have been scraped and stored in the container 3 in the forward direction are transported in units of the container 3 on the second transport means 95 and face the reversing machine 106. Stopped.
[0098]
In the reversing machine 106, first, the container 3 in the opposite direction to the group of mushroom cultivation containers 6 is supplied from above, and as shown in FIG. 3 is located. Next, after being lifted from the second transport means 95, the container 3 is rotated (reversed) by 180 degrees so that the upper and lower containers 3 are interchanged, and then lowered onto the second transport means 95, and then shown in FIG. Thus, the upper container 3 is removed.
[0099]
Next, the container 3 is transported to the processing chamber 111 by the second transport means 95 and is stopped facing the shelf insertion device 113. In the shelf insertion device 113, first, as shown by the solid line in FIG. 14, the container 3, that is, the container 3 in which the group of mushroom cultivation containers 6 are stored in the opposite direction, is sequentially placed on the base body 123 of the shelf pallet 121 or It is inserted and supplied on the receiving member 125. Then, the shelf pallet 121 is carried into the isolation chamber section 136 via the shelf pallet conveying means 115 and the shelf pallet handling device 137, and then, as shown by a virtual line in FIG. It is stored in the target storage unit 133 in the device 132.
[0100]
In this way, a large number of mushroom cultivation containers 6 are stored in the shelf device 132 in the sprouting chamber 131 in units of the shelf pallets 121, and for example, have a temperature of 10 to 20 ° C, preferably 15 to 17 ° C, and a humidity of 95. %, A carbon dioxide concentration of 500 ppm to 5000 ppm, preferably 1000 ppm to 3000 ppm, and an illuminance of about 50 lux for about 7 to 15 days. By storage under the above conditions, as shown by the solid line in (c) of FIG. 13, buds of Hatakeshimeji M are grown (mushroom body growth) from the mushroom culture medium 7. At that time, the temperature is controlled by a unit cooler, the humidity is controlled by a humidifier, and the illuminance is controlled by a lighting device.
[0101]
During storage of the shelf pallets 121 in units of the shelf pallets 121, the shelf pallets 121 are exchanged between the storage sections 133 by the operation of the loading / unloading device 134. This exchange work is performed based on the set date and time, for example, between the upper storage section 133 and the lower storage section 133, between the storage sections 133 in the left and right direction, or a combination direction thereof. Swapping of Hatakeshimeji M is performed in a uniform manner as replacement corresponding to environmental differences.
[0102]
As described above, the germination of shimeji mushrooms is performed in an environment where the humidity is 95% or more, and the germination can be efficiently performed at a high growth rate. At that time, in the sprouting chamber 131, since the mushroom cultivation container 6 is sprouted in the reverse direction, even if moisture enters the mushroom cultivation container 6 due to high humidity, it enters from the downward opening 6a. Therefore, water droplets hardly adhere to the mushroom culture medium 7 and water is not immersed. That is, it is possible to prevent water from entering the mushroom culture medium 7 while keeping the sprouting chamber 131 in a high humidity environment.
[0103]
As a result, the high humidity does not adversely affect the emergence of Hatakeshimeji M. In particular, in the case of Hatake Shimeji M, sprouting in a high-humidity environment is suitable. For example, sprouting can be suitably performed in a high-humidity environment where the humidity exceeds 100% (see JP-A-10-178890).
[0104]
The environment in the sprouting room 131 is easily managed by closing the shutter device 135, and the putting-in / out device 134 is made to stand by in the isolation room 136, so that the adverse effect due to high humidity or the like hardly occurs. .
[0105]
After the predetermined sprouts are performed as described above, the shelf pallets 121 are carried out to the processing chamber 111 via the loading / unloading device 134 and the shelf pallet handling device 137, and then are transferred to the shelf pallets via the shelf pallet conveying means 115 or the like. It is opposed to the delivery device 114. In the shelving device 114, as shown by the solid line in FIG. 13C, the containers 3 in which the mushroom cultivation containers 6 are stored in the reverse direction are sequentially placed on the base body 123 of the shelf pallet 121 and the receiving member. It is taken out from above 125 and transferred to the third transport means 112.
[0106]
Then, the container 3 is transported by the third transport unit 112 and is stopped facing the forward rotation machine 117. In the forward rotation machine 117, first, as shown by the imaginary line in FIG. 13C, the container 3 in the opposite direction is supplied from above to the bottom group of the group of mushroom cultivation containers 6 stored in the opposite direction. Thus, the container 3 is fitted into the bottom group from above. Next, while being lifted from the third transport means 112, the upper and lower containers 3 are rotated by 180 degrees (forward rotation) so as to be exchanged, and after being lowered by the third transport means 112, the upper container 3 is removed. .
[0107]
In this manner, the mushroom cultivation container 6 from which the sprout has been made is set in the container 3 after being turned forward in the forward rotation machine 117, and can be returned to the desired posture suitable for growth. .
[0108]
Next, the container 3 is transported to the processing chamber 111 by the third transport means 112 and stopped facing the harvesting ring mounting machine 118. In this harvesting ring mounting machine 118, as shown in FIG. 15, the lower cylindrical portion of the harvesting ring 101 is closed with respect to the mouth 66a of the group of mushroom cultivation containers 6 which have been rotated forward and stored in the container 3 in the forward direction. The harvesting ring 101 group is attached to the mushroom cultivation container 6 group by inserting 102 from above and bringing the contact portion 103 into contact with the mouth 6a.
[0109]
Then, the container 3 is transferred from the end of the third transport means 112 to the vertical transport means 119, and is transported to the second floor C by the vertical transport means 119. As shown in FIG. 3, the container 3 transported to the second floor C is transported in the upper storage section of the fourth transporting means 138, and is stopped facing the target growth room 141 a of the growth room 141. You.
[0110]
Before and after this, the transfer means 151 is stopped facing the target growing room section 141a, and an empty shelf pallet 121 is supported by the transfer means 151. Then, the shelf insertion device of the transfer unit 151 is operated, and the containers 3 transported by the fourth transport unit 138 are sequentially inserted into the shelf pallet 121 side. After a predetermined number of containers 3 have been inserted into the shelf pallet 121 in this way, the shelf pallet 121 is transferred to the circulating / transporting means 143 of the growing room 141a by the operation of the transfer means 151.
[0111]
In the growth room section 141 a of the growth room 141, the shelf pallets 121 are stored while being circulated and conveyed in a dense train on the circulation path 142 by the circulation conveyance means 143.
[0112]
As described above, in the growth room section 141a, the hatake mushroom M is grown in the mushroom cultivation container 6. That is, the inside of the growth room 141a is stored for about 11 days in an environment where the temperature is set to 10 to 17 ° C., the humidity is set to 95% or more, the carbon dioxide concentration is set to about 1000 ppm, and the illuminance is set to 250 to 500 lux. By doing so, Hatakeshimeji M is grown so as to extend the stem and enlarge the shade. At that time, the temperature is controlled by a unit cooler, the humidity is controlled by a humidifier, and the illuminance is controlled by a lighting device.
[0113]
After the predetermined growth period has been completed in this way, as shown in FIG. 16, the container 3 is taken out of the growth room section 141 a by the transfer means 151 in a state where the Hatakeshimeji M is cultivated in each mushroom cultivation container 6. Then, the container 3 supported on the shelf pallet 121 side is taken out by the operation of the shelving device, and is moved to the lower-stage outgoing portion of the fourth transport means 138.
[0114]
The removed container 3 is carried out by the fourth carrying means 138 and is opposed to the cutting section 164 via the fifth carrying means 162 and the sixth carrying means 163. Next, in the cutting section 164, first, as shown in FIG. 18, the harvest ring 101 is removed from each mushroom cultivation container 6, thereby cutting the hatake mushroom M, and then, as shown in FIG. 19, the hatake mushroom M is separated from the harvest ring 101. You. Thereafter, the cut mushrooms M are sent to the measuring unit 166 via the harvesting / transporting means 165.
[0115]
Then, the Hatakeshi Megumi M weighed in the weighing unit 166 and adjusted to a predetermined weight (for example, about 500 g for two strains) is packed in the packing unit 167 and then packed in the packing unit 168. Next, the packed Hatake Shimeji M is transported to the first floor B by the vertical transport means 180, stored in the shipping conveyor device 182, and then shipped.
[0116]
Among the containers 3 transported to the cutting unit 164 as described above, the container 3 having a poor growth of Hatakeshimeji M is returned to the fixed shelf device 144 of the growth return chamber 141b via the carry-in / out conveyor device 145 or the like, and is separated. The growth can be controlled as a whole, and the growth can be uniformed as a whole.
[0117]
As described above, the mushroom cultivation container 6 from which the hatake mushroom M has been cut is conveyed to the post-processing chamber 171 by the seventh conveying means 172, where the scraping machine 173 removes the unnecessary mushroom culture medium 7 from the inside of the mushroom cultivation container 6. Is scraped out. Then, the empty mushroom cultivation container 6, the container 3, the harvest ring 101, and the like are cleaned by the air cleaning machine 174 and then stored in the storage means 176 of the material storage room 175.
[0118]
In each of the operations described above, control means including a host computer in the management and control room, and microcomputers provided in the respective sections, control the operation of a number of operating parts such as transport means, shelf devices, and control the operation of each room. Control of temperature, humidity, ventilation, etc. in the section is performed.
[0119]
In the above-described embodiment, as the cultivation of mushrooms, the cultivation of shimeji mushrooms, particularly Hatakeshimeji M, has been described, but it is also possible to cultivate other mushrooms such as enokitake, and the temperature and humidity are accordingly adjusted. , Days, etc. are set and controlled.
[0120]
In the above-described embodiment, a type in which the initial culture chamber 71A, one middle culture chamber 71B, and the second culture chamber 71C are formed as the culture chamber is shown. The type in which the culture room 71B is provided may be used.
[0121]
In the above-described embodiment, the bacteria scraping chamber 91 is shown as a separate chamber to which the pallet 9 taken out from the late culture chamber 71C is transferred via the loading chamber 61. However, this is provided separately from the bacteria scraping chamber 91. The room may be a separate room.
[0122]
【The invention's effect】
According to the first invention of the present invention described above, in the initial culture room, initial growth of hyphae can be performed in a suitable clean atmosphere in which almost no germs are present, and in the medium-stage culture room and the late-stage culture room, propagation ( In a state in which the environment is changed in accordance with the growth of the mycelium, middle-stage propagation and late-stage propagation of the hypha can be suitably performed. Therefore, propagation (cultivation) of the inoculum can always be performed uniformly.
[0123]
Further, according to the second invention of the present invention described above, it is possible to provide equipment capable of suitably implementing the mushroom cultivation method of the first invention.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 shows an example of an embodiment of the present invention and is a cross-sectional plan view of a cultivation zone on the first floor of a mushroom cultivation facility.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional plan view of the first floor of the mushroom cultivation facility.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional plan view of a second floor portion of the mushroom cultivation facility.
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional plan view of a fungus culture zone portion and a preparation zone portion on the first floor of the mushroom cultivation facility.
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional plan view of an initial culture room in a cultivation zone of the mushroom cultivation equipment.
FIG. 6 is a front view of an initial culture room in a cultivation zone of the mushroom cultivation equipment.
FIG. 7 is a partially cutaway perspective view of a container part in a fungus culture zone in the mushroom cultivation equipment.
FIG. 8 is a partially cutaway front view showing a state of inoculation of bacteria in a fungus culture zone in the mushroom cultivation equipment.
FIG. 9 is a front view of a pallet used in the mushroom cultivation equipment.
FIG. 10 is a partially cutaway front view of a container part in a cultivation zone in the mushroom cultivation equipment.
FIG. 11 is a partially cutaway front view showing a state of scraping bacteria in a cultivation zone in the mushroom cultivation equipment.
FIG. 12 is a partially cutaway perspective view illustrating a reverse state in a cultivation zone of the mushroom cultivation equipment.
FIG. 13 is a partially cutaway front view showing reversal and normal rotation of a container in a cultivation zone of the mushroom cultivation equipment.
FIG. 14 is an explanatory view of a sprout posture in a sprout room in the mushroom cultivation equipment.
FIG. 15 is a partially cutaway front view illustrating the installation of a harvest ring in a cultivation zone of the mushroom cultivation equipment.
FIG. 16 is a partially cutaway front view of the mushroom cultivation equipment in a cultivation zone in a growing state.
FIG. 17 is a partially cutaway front view for explaining detachment of a harvesting ring in a cutting section of the mushroom cultivation equipment.
FIG. 18 is a partially cutaway front view for explaining a cutting state in a cutting section of the mushroom cultivation equipment.
FIG. 19 is a process explanatory view of mushroom cultivation in the mushroom cultivation equipment.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Bacterial culture vessel
2 bacteria culture medium
3 containers
5 Protozoa
5a Seed
6 mushroom cultivation container
7 Mushroom culture medium
9 pallets
10 Bacteria culture zone
11 Bacteria preparation room
13 Mixer
14 scraping machine
15 Packing machine
16 Washing machine
18 Sterilization means
19 Cooling room
22 Inoculation room
24 inoculation machine
30 bacteria culture room
40 preparation zone
41 Preparation room
43 stuffing machine
46 Sterilization means
47 Cooling room
55 Inoculation room
57 inoculation machine
60 cultivation zone
61 Loading room
71A Initial culture room
72A shelf device
73A access device
71B Medium-term culture room
72B shelf device
73B access device
71C Late culture room
72C shelf device
73C in / out device
91 Bacteria scraping room (separate room)
92 Stepping machine
93 air cleaner
95 Second transport means
97 Bacteria scraper
101 Harvest Ring
106 reversing machine
111 processing room
112 Third transport means
115 Shelf pallet transportation means
117 Forward rotation machine
118 Harvesting ring mounting machine
121 shelf pallet
131 Sprout Room
132 shelving equipment
134 access device
136 Isolation room
138 4th conveyance means
141 growth room
142 Circulation Path
143 circulating transport means
144 Fixed shelf device
145 Carry-in / out conveyor device
151 Transfer means
161 Harvest Room
164 reaper
166 measuring section
167 Packaging Department
168 Packing section
171 Post-processing room
175 Material storage room
181 Shipping place
A construction
B first floor
C 2nd floor
M Hatake Shimeji (Mushroom)

Claims (8)

A mushroom cultivation method comprising a step of placing a mushroom cultivation container in which a mushroom culture medium is inoculated with a seed fungus into a culture room and culturing a mycelium, wherein the culture room includes an initial culture room and at least one medium-term culture. Room, and a late-stage culture room is formed, and the mushroom cultivation container is sequentially moved to each compartment to culture the mycelium, and in the initial culture room, the cleanliness is increased and the initial culture of the mycelium is performed. Mushroom cultivation method. 2. The mushroom cultivation method according to claim 1, wherein the room temperature in the middle-stage culture room is lower than the room temperature in the early-stage culture room and the late-stage culture room. The container containing a plurality of mushroom cultivation containers is stacked on a pallet, so that the movement of the mushroom cultivation container from the initial cultivation room to the late cultivation room through the middle cultivation room is carried out in the loading room adjacent to the culture room. 3. The method for cultivating mushrooms according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the method is performed on a pallet basis. In the loading room, containers containing a plurality of mushroom cultivation containers are stacked on the pallet, and after the mycelium culture, the pallets taken out of the late cultivation room are separated into containers, and the empty pallets are separated into separate rooms. The mushroom cultivation method according to claim 3, wherein the mushroom cultivation method is returned to the carry-in room after the mushroom cultivation. A mushroom cultivation equipment for mushroom cultivation including a step of culturing mycelia by placing a mushroom cultivation container inoculated with a seed fungus on a mushroom culture medium, the culture room is an initial culture room, At least one medium-stage culture room and a late-stage culture room are formed, and the mushroom cultivation container can be sequentially moved to each of the compartments to culture the mycelium. In the initial culture room, the degree of cleanliness is increased. Mushroom cultivation equipment characterized by the fact that The mushroom cultivation equipment according to claim 5, wherein the room temperature of the middle-stage culture room is set lower than the room temperature of the early-stage culture room or the late-stage culture room. The container containing a plurality of mushroom cultivation containers is stacked on a pallet, so that the movement of the mushroom cultivation container from the initial cultivation room to the late cultivation room through the middle cultivation room is carried out in the loading room adjacent to the culture room. The mushroom cultivation equipment according to claim 5, wherein the mushroom cultivation equipment is configured to be performed on a pallet basis. In the loading room, containers containing a plurality of mushroom cultivation containers are stacked on the pallet, and after the mycelium culture, the pallets taken out of the late cultivation room are separated into containers, and the empty pallets are separated into separate rooms. 8. The mushroom cultivation equipment according to claim 7, wherein a washing machine is provided in the separate room, and after the pallet is washed in the separate room, the pallet is returned to the carry-in room again. .

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