JP2004159512A - Establishment foundation for aquatic seed plant and method for laying the same - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an establishment foundation comprising naturally decomposable members, having such a small, lightweight and simple structure provided with seeds or seedlings of aquatic seed plants, where the aquatic seed plants are efficiently and thickly grown; and to provide a method for laying the foundation. <P>SOLUTION: The establishment foundation for aquatic seed plants comprises the followings: a first and second base materials 2, 3 comprising a naturally decomposable material and having holes allowing germinated grass bodies to pass through, a first felt mat 4 comprising a naturally decomposable material and having holes allowing germinated roots or underground stems to pass through, and a second mat 5 comprising a naturally decomposable material and having holes allowing germinated grass bodies to pass through. The foundation is structured as follows: laying seed-mixed sandy soil 6, or the like, on the first mat 4 placed on the first base material 2, placing the second mat 5 and the second base material 3 in sequence on the first mat 4, and fixedly putting the peripheral parts of the first and the second base materials 2, 3 together via plural fixing tools comprising a naturally decomposable material. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a foundation for aquatic seed plants and a method for laying the same.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In recent years, habitats for aquatic seed plants such as eelgrass have been remarkably reduced due to the development of coastal areas and the like. Therefore, artificial creation of aquatic seed plant sites has been attempted.
As a seeding sheet and a seeding method for this eelgrass creation, a seed sheet of eelgrass was fixed to a mesh sheet member made of a biodegradable resin so as to have a predetermined seeding density, and a seed sheet wound in a roll was produced. There is an invention in which a seeding sheet is spread and laid on a water bottom where eelgrass is formed while being rotated by a laying device (for example, see Patent Document 1).
[0003]
In addition, a net-like body with holes that allow the eelgrass body to penetrate, and the weight of the deposited sand is laid under a hollow box-shaped superstructure that is formed at a height that the deposited sand drifts slightly on the surface. A substructure of a mesh body with holes that can be entangled with the rhizomes will be provided. And, between the superstructure and the substructure, a middle part with an erect wall with a flow velocity damping function suitable for catching drifting sand against the waves is interposed, and eelgrass seeds are partially incorporated There is an invention in which a seeding bag is disposed and a plate-shaped stabilizing work is provided around the periphery to prevent scouring of the end. The superstructure and the middle part are formed of a metal material that spontaneously corrodes and disappears in seawater (for example, see Patent Document 2).
[0004]
[Patent Document 1]
JP-A-10-42626 [Patent Document 2]
JP-A-2002-171852 [0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The invention described in Patent Document 1 moves a barge loaded with a seeding sheet wound in a roll shape on a rotating body to a destination, sets the rotating body on a hanging tool, descends into the sea with a crane, and sows. Since the sheet is laid on the seabed while the sheet is being spread, there is a problem that the laying equipment becomes extremely large and a large laying cost is required.
Furthermore, since the seeding sheet becomes longer when it is spread, it does not fit on the seabed where there are irregularities and rocks, etc., and it cannot be moved after laying. May not be able to thrive.
[0006]
The invention described in Patent Literature 2 is composed of many members such as a superstructure, a middle part, a stable part, and a substructure, and thus has a complicated structure, and the outer shape of the whole part reaches 900 × 900 × 50 (mm). For this reason, it is a size that does not hinder transportation on land, but has high water resistance in water and is difficult to move. Further, eelgrass seeds are difficult to germinate because they are put in a bag, and there is a problem that even if they germinate, roots are hard to spread, so that fixability is poor.
Furthermore, since eelgrass seeds and seedlings die when dried, it is necessary to keep them constantly moist. However, Patent Document 1 discloses that eelgrass seeds are sealed in a capsule or coated on the surface of the seeds to prevent drying, but no specific means is described. 2 does not describe measures for preventing drying.
[0007]
The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, and is made of a material that decomposes naturally, and has a small, lightweight, and simple structure including seeds or seedlings of an underwater seed plant, in which the underwater seed plant thrives more efficiently. It is an object of the present invention to provide an underwater seed plant creation base that can be used.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for laying a foundation for creating a submerged seed plant that can be laid in water regardless of the season by simple equipment and means.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
(1) The underground seed plant formation base according to the present invention is composed of naturally decomposable materials, first and second base materials having holes through which germinated plants can pass, and spontaneously decomposed materials. A felt-like first mat having a hole through which roots and rhizomes can pass, and a second mat made of a naturally decomposable material and having a hole through which germinated plants can pass, wherein the first mat has The sand and mud mixed with seeds are spread on the first mat placed on the first mat, and the second mat and the second base material are sequentially placed on the first mat, and the first and second mats are placed on the first mat. The periphery of the second base material is fixed by a plurality of fixing members made of a material that naturally decomposes.
[0009]
(2) The formation substrate of (1) was formed to have a length of about 500 mm and a width of about 500 mm.
[0010]
(3) The method of laying the underground seed plant laying foundation according to the present invention is characterized in that the plurality of laying foundations according to the above (1) or (2) are connected by a naturally decomposable rope, and are sequentially placed in water in the laying water area. It is intended to be lowered and laid on the bottom of the water.
[0011]
(4) The construction base of the above (3) is accommodated in a construction base transport container, and is always transported in a wet state to the laying water area.
[0012]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
[Embodiment 1]
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a cross section of a part of a construction base of an underwater seed plant according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view thereof. In the following description, a case in which eelgrass is created as an underwater seed plant will be described.
In both figures, reference numeral 1 denotes an eelgrass foundation. Reference numeral 2 denotes a first base material made of a metal material which is naturally corroded and decomposed in the sea, such as a wire net made of steel, and has a large number of holes (mesh) having a size through which germinated eelgrass can pass. Is provided. Reference numeral 3 denotes a second substrate having the same material and the same structure as the first substrate 2, and both substrates 2 and 3 are about 500 mm in length and width. In addition, a frame-like frame made of a metal material that corrodes and decomposes naturally may be provided on the outer peripheral edges of the first and second base materials 2 and 3. In addition, the first and second base materials 2 and 3 may be made of an extruded metal or a punched metal made of steel instead of the wire mesh.
[0013]
4 is a felt-like first mat having a large number of small holes through which sprouted eel roots and rhizomes can pass through, which are made of a naturally decomposing material such as natural fiber or biodegradable fiber. The first and second mats are made of naturally decomposable materials such as natural fibers and biodegradable fibers, and have a large number of holes (mesh) of a size through which germinated eelgrass plants can pass. The mats 4 and 5 are substantially the same size or slightly smaller than the first and second substrates 2 and 3. Reference numeral 6 denotes sand mud or sand mud mixed with eelgrass seeds (hereinafter referred to as sand mud, etc.).
[0014]
In assembling the formation base 1 composed of the above members, first, the first mat 4 is placed on the first base material 2, and then eelgrass seeds are placed on the first mat 4. The mixed sand 6 and the like 6 are raised, and the seeds are evenly distributed over a substantially entire surface of the first mat 4 at a predetermined density so as to be substantially evenly distributed. At this time, a fertilizer may be mixed into the sand mud 6 or the like.
Next, the second mat 5 is placed on the first mat 4, and the second base material 3 is further placed thereon. Then, the peripheral portions of the first and second base materials 2 and 3 provided above and below are fixed with a plurality of fixing tools (not shown) such as steel clips made of a material which is naturally corroded and decomposed. Hold it and fix it together.
[0015]
Thereby, the sand mud 6 mixed with the eelgrass seeds is reliably held between the first and second mats 4 and 5.
As described above, the formation base 1 according to the present invention can be easily and inexpensively manufactured because the structure is simple without using a special material. The construction base 1 has a size of, for example, about 500 mm in length, 500 mm in width, and about 10 to 15 mm in thickness (height). The weight of the base body is about 3 kg. The total weight when placed between the first and second mats 4 and 5 is about 5 kg.
[0016]
The formation base 1 as described above is manufactured in advance in a factory or the like, and is immersed and stored in a water tank or the like. For this reason, the eelgrass seeds germinate depending on the season, and the plants may extend from the holes of the second mat 5 and the second base material 3, and the roots may be entangled with the first mat 4, and some Roots may extend from holes in the first mat 4, but if the roots are not too long, there is no problem in laying on the sea floor.
[0017]
Next, an example of a procedure for laying the construction base 1 configured as described above on the seabed will be described.
First, as shown in FIG. 3, a plurality of development bases 1 are connected by two ropes 10 of a predetermined length made of a natural material and naturally decomposed, loaded on a small boat 11 and laid in the sea area. Transport. In addition, the length of the rope 10 is appropriately set according to the installation location, the installation density, and other conditions.
[0018]
By the way, as described above, eelgrass seeds and seedlings die when they are dried, and therefore it is necessary to keep them constantly moist. For this reason, when laying, while moving from a storage place such as a factory (for example, in an aquarium) to the laying sea area, the laying is carried in a construction base transport container 20 (hereinafter referred to as a transport container) as shown in FIG. It was transported while maintaining its condition.
[0019]
In FIG. 4, reference numeral 21 denotes a box-shaped container body having an open front surface, which constitutes the transport container 20. Shelf plates 22 are provided on inner walls of both side plates at appropriate intervals in the vertical direction so as to face each other. Is provided with a sprinkling member 23 such as a wire mesh for sprinkling seawater in the container body 1. Although the figure shows a case where the front surface of the container body 21 is opened, it is desirable to close the opening portion on the front surface with a door or the like in order to maintain the wet state more definitely.
The creation base 1 is inserted into the container body 21, sequentially placed on the shelf 22, and transported to the laying sea area. During this time, for example, if seawater is appropriately poured from above the spraying member 23 with the bucket 24 and sprayed into the container main body 1, the seawater sequentially flows down through each formation base 1 and flows out of the container main body 21 from below. Thereby, the seedlings and seedlings of the establishment base 1, and thus the eelgrass seeds and seedlings, can always be kept moist, and the eelgrass seeded or raised in a remote place can be transported safely. Although the case where the seawater is supplied by the bucket has been described, an appropriate means can be used for supplying the seawater, for example, by pumping the seawater by a pump and automatically supplying the water.
[0020]
When the laying ship 11 reaches the laying sea area, as shown in FIG. 3, the construction base 1 taken out of the transport container 20 is connected with the rope 10 and sequentially pulled out from the stern to descend into the sea, where the construction base at the tip end is formed. 1 is fixed to the seabed by a pile 12 or the like. The construction base 1 descended into the sea sinks by its own weight, and is laid on the sea floor at a predetermined interval (corresponding to the length of the rope 10). The creation base 1 according to the present invention has a small thickness (height) (for example, about 10 to 15 mm) and thus is not easily affected by waves and the like. It may be fixed to the seabed with a stake or the like every time or at appropriate intervals.
[0021]
In laying the development base 1, since the laying boat is small, it is possible to enter a shallow sea area (for example, a water depth of about 2 m) suitable for eelgrass flourish, thereby greatly expanding the laying area of the development base 1. be able to.
Further, since the plurality of construction bases 1 are connected by the ropes 10 and sequentially dropped into the sea, the laying work is easy and the work efficiency can be greatly improved. Further, by connecting the plurality of small development bases 1 with the ropes 10, the interval and the number of the development bases 1 can be adjusted according to the state of the laying sea area, so that it is possible to cope with complicated undersea terrain.
[0022]
Depending on the state of the laying seabed, there is a case where it is desired to move a part of the development base 1. However, since the development base 1 according to the present invention is small and lightweight and has low water resistance, a place more suitable for one diver 13. Can be moved to
Furthermore, since heavy equipment is not used when laying, for example, when laying the construction base 1 in a shallow sea area at low tide or the like, a fisherman who needs to develop an eelgrass ground without the need for the diver 13 is required. The laying work can be performed in such a manner.
[0023]
In addition, since the construction base 1 is small and can be connected by the rope 10, a large-scale eelgrass ground can be easily formed, and a small-scale eelgrass ground can be efficiently formed. Further, if necessary, a small-scale suitable site selection test can be conducted before the construction of a large-scale eelgrass ground.
[0024]
In this manner, the ground 1 laid on the seabed is such that eelgrass seeds germinate or seedlings grow and their roots and rhizomes extend to the first mat 4, and the second mat 5 and the second mat 5 Elongate upward through the holes in the base material 3 and proliferate to form eelgrass communities. Then, as the eelgrass grows, the roots and rhizomes of the eelgrass extend to the natural ground on the seabed and further prosper.
Thus, in the present invention, sand mud 6 mixed with eelgrass seeds is sandwiched between the first mat 4 having a small hole on the lower surface and the second mat 5 having a large hole on the upper surface. Since the eelgrass seeds are retained, the rate of germination of eelgrass seeds and the rate of fixation of roots and rhizomes after germination can be significantly improved.
[0025]
In addition, since the construction base 1 is formed of a material that is naturally decomposed by corrosion, it is naturally decomposed and disappears with the passage of time, and only the eelgrass community remains, and the ground is stabilized by the eelgrass roots and rhizomes. Eelgrass communities are maintained.
[0026]
[Embodiment 2]
In the first embodiment, a case is shown in which sand mud 6 mixed with eelgrass seeds is held between the first mat 4 having a small hole and the second mat 5 having a large hole. Alternatively, a mat having holes of the same size as the second mat 5 may be used as the first mat 4. Thereby, workability can be improved.
[0027]
In the above description, the case where the formation base 1 holding the sand mud 6 mixed with the eelgrass seeds between the first mat 4 and the second mat 5 is mainly laid on the sea floor has been described. In such cases as above, eelgrass seedlings that have germinated from the development substrate 1 may be laid in the sea after raising. In this way, by forming the establishment base 1 in a state where the eelgrass is in a seed state or in a state in which germinated seedlings are raised, the establishment base 1 can be laid underwater at any time regardless of the season.
[0028]
Also, in the above description, the case where the eelgrass field is created in the sea by the creation base 1 containing the eelgrass seeds is shown, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the eelgrass field is grown in seawater or freshwater and prosperous. The present invention can be applied to the construction of other underwater seed plants.
[0029]
【The invention's effect】
The present invention extends sand mud mixed with seeds onto a first mat placed on a first substrate, and places a second mat and a second substrate on the first mat. Since the peripheral parts of the first and second base materials are sequentially placed and fixed by a plurality of fixtures made of a material which naturally decomposes, a small, lightweight, inexpensive and environmentally friendly underwater seed plant formation base is provided. By laying this construction base in an area where it is difficult to establish an underwater seed plant field, an underwater seed plant community can be established.
[0030]
Further, in the present invention, the above-described construction base is connected to a small laying ship by ropes, loaded, transported to the laying water area, and sequentially lowered into the water, so that it is easy and shallow to lay underwater. Since it can be laid in the water area, the laying area by the laying ship can be expanded. Further, since the construction base is small and lightweight, the installation position can be easily adjusted by moving the dropped construction base.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing a cross section of a part of a formation base according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of FIG.
FIG. 3 is an explanatory view of a method of laying a creation base according to the present invention.
FIG. 4 is an explanatory view of a transport container used for transporting the creation base.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF REFERENCE NUMERALS 1 Underwater seed plant creation base 2 First base material 3 Second base material 4 First mat 5 Second mat 6 Sand and mud mixed with seeds 10 Rope 11 Laying ship 20 Development base transport container

Claims (4)

First and second base materials made of naturally decomposable materials and having holes through which germinated plants can pass, and first felt-like materials made of naturally decomposable materials and having holes through which germinated roots and rhizomes can pass through. A mat and a second mat made of a naturally decomposing material and having a hole through which germinated plants can pass;
Sand mud or the like mixed with seeds is spread on a first mat placed on the first base material, and a second mat and a second base material are placed on the first mat sequentially. An underwater seed plant creation base, wherein the peripheral portions of the first and second base materials are fixed by a plurality of fixing tools made of a material that naturally decomposes. 2. The underground seed plant creation substrate according to claim 1, wherein the creation substrate is formed to have a length of about 500 mm and a width of about 500 mm. A laying of an underwater seed plant laying base, wherein the plurality of laying bases according to claim 1 or 2 are connected by a rope made of a material that naturally decomposes, and sequentially descends in water in the laying water area and lays on the water bottom. Method. 4. The method of laying a submerged seed plant laying base according to claim 3, wherein the laying base is accommodated in a laying base transport container and transported to a laying water area while maintaining the humid state at all times.

Images