JP2004156210A

JP2004156210A - Parking garage building

Info

Publication number: JP2004156210A
Application number: JP2002320073A
Authority: JP
Inventors: Hiroyuki Nakano; 浩之中野; Tadao Murano; 忠雄村野; Mineko Kobayashi; 峰子小林; Shigeru Arai; 茂荒井; Tomohisa Yokoyama; 知久横山; Yoshikazu Shimamura; 義和島村
Original assignee: Takenaka Komuten Co Ltd; Nissei Build Kogyo Co Ltd
Current assignee: Takenaka Komuten Co Ltd; Nissei Build Kogyo Co Ltd
Priority date: 2002-11-01
Filing date: 2002-11-01
Publication date: 2004-06-03
Anticipated expiration: 2022-11-01
Also published as: JP3707028B2

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a parking garage building having a steel frame and multilayer structure for omitting a fireproof division, omitting a steel frame fire resistant cover, abolishing flue gas equipment, and reducing the scale of large fire extinguishing facilities by confirming or proving fire resistant performance and safety by a demonstration by a fire experiment and the application of a calculation expression. <P>SOLUTION: As the plane arrangement of each floor, void spaces 3 and 4 penetrating through slabs of the respective floors in the vertical direction are arranged at a horizontal distance proper for a flue gas function in the horizontal direction, and a car vehicle 7 for surrounding a parking space 6 is formed in a width regarded as fireproof equipment. A spreading fire preventive wall 8 partitioned with every specific number of vehicles is erected in the parking space, and has a vehicular access means for allowing the vehicle to go in and out of the parking space of the respective floors and an access means of a person for boarding and alighting from the vehicle. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
この発明は、鉄骨造で多層構造の駐車場建物の技術分野に属する。更に言えば、無耐火被覆でプレハブ化施工が可能であり、防火シャッターや防火戸などの防火区画、排煙設備などが無用で、小型の移動式消火設備を備える程度で消防基準法の規制を全てクリヤーした駐車場建物に関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
大規模小売店舗法による規制のために、最近の大規模ショッピングセンター等の駐車台数は巨大化しており、効率の良い駐車場の供給が慢性的に要求されている。よって、特許文献１，２，３に開示されているように、大規模な駐車場システムや駐車場建築物が種々開発され提案されている。
特許文献１には、屋上を有効に駐車スペースに活用でき、見栄えも良いダブルコア式立体駐車場が開示されている。
特許文献２には、既設建物の屋上を駐車場スペースとして有効利用する駐車装置が開示されている。
特許文献３には、駐車場構成部と店舗、居室構成部とを上下に併合した、自走式の駐車場建築物が開示されている。
【０００３】
【特許文献１】
特開２０００−３３６９６５号公報
【特許文献２】
特開平６−２１２８２２号公報
【特許文献３】
特許第３０１１８２０号公報
【０００４】
ところで、大規模ショッピングセンター等の建設に際しては、敷地面積が限定される関係上、駐車場は通例ショッピングセンター建物などの地下又は屋上部分に多層構造で設置することになる。その結果、建物構造体としての取り扱いを受け、基準法の規制を全て尊守し又はクリヤーしなければならない。つまり、耐火被覆や面積区画、排煙設備、防火シャッターや防火戸などの防火区画、大型消火設備（泡消火）などの設置が義務づけられ、到底プレハブ化施工などは不可能に近い。この点は、上記特許文献１，２，３に開示された大規模な駐車場システムや駐車場建築物でも解決されていない。
【０００５】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明の目的は、火災実験による実証や計算式などの応用により、耐火性能や安全性を確認し又は証明して、防火シャッターや防火戸などの防火区画を省略できること、及び鉄骨耐火被覆の省略、排煙設備の撤廃、大型消火設備の軽減化を可能にし、プレハブ化施工を実施可能とし、重量の軽減、工期の短縮、更には工事原価の大幅な引き下げ等々を可能にする、鉄骨造で多層構造の駐車場建物を提供することである。
本発明の次の目的は、独立棟としての建設はもとより、大規模ショッピングセンター等の主建物の屋上部分への建設、或いは主建物の横に隣接する駐車施設として建設することが各々可能な、鉄骨造で多層構造の駐車場建物を提供することである。
【０００６】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上述の課題を解決するための手段として、請求項１に記載した発明に係る車場建物は、
鉄骨造で多層構造の駐車場建物であって、
各階の平面配置として、垂直方向に各階のスラブを貫通するボイド空間が水平方向の排煙機能に適切な水平距離をあけて配置されており、
駐車スペースを取り巻く車路が防火設備とみなし得る幅員で形成されており、駐車スペースには一定台数の車輌毎に区画する延焼防止壁が立てられており、各階の駐車スペースへ車輌が出入りするための車輌用アクセス手段、及び車輌に乗降する人のアクセス手段を備えていることを特徴とする。
【０００７】
請求項２に記載した発明は、請求項１に記載した駐車場建物において、建物の外周部分にボイド空間が配置され、その口縁部には各階のスラブに立ち上がる手摺りが設けられており、この外周ボイド空間は、建物の隅部に設けた消防進入用バルコニーと一連に形成されていることを特徴とする。
【０００８】
請求項３に記載した発明は、請求項１又は２に記載した駐車場建物において、中央ボイド空間及びスリット状ボイド空間の口縁部には、各階のスラブに立ち上がる手摺り壁が上階延焼を防止する高さで設けられていることを特徴とする。
【０００９】
請求項４に記載した発明は、請求項１ないし３のいずれか一に記載した駐車場建物において、鉄骨造建物の柱、梁、スラブはそれぞれ無耐火被覆であり、防火シャッターと防火戸などの防火区画、排煙設備が省略され、移動式消火設備を備えることを特徴とする。
【００１０】
請求項５に記載した発明は、請求項１ないし４のいずれか一に記載した駐車場建物において、その駐車場建物が、ショッピングセンターその他の主建物の屋上部分に建築されていることを特徴とする。
【００１１】
請求項６に記載した発明は、請求項１ないし４のいずれか一に記載した駐車場建物において、その駐車場建物が、ショッピングセンターその他の主建物の横に隣接して建築されていることを特徴とする。
【００１２】
【発明の実施形態】
以下に、図面に示した本発明の実施形態を説明する。
図１は、本発明に係る駐車場建物２が、屋上設置型として大規模ショッピングセンター１（以下、これを主建物という場合がある。）の屋上に建築された実施形態を示す（請求項５記載の発明）。
図２は、駐車場建物２における或る階のシステム駐車場の平面配置図を示したものである。図２の平面配置図は、平面積が４０００ｍ^３を限度として区画されたシステム駐車場が４ユニット集合した構成であることを示している。
【００１３】
図２に示す駐車場建物２の平面配置としては、垂直方向に各階のスラブを貫通するボイド空間３，４，５が水平方向の排煙機能に適切な水平距離をあけて配置された構成を基本とする。図２中の符号３はやや大型（幅１７ｍ、長さ６０ｍ程度）の中央ボイド空間を指し、４は前記中央ボイド空間３の左右両側にほぼ対称な配置で小幅（約２ｍ）に設けられたスリット状ボイド空間を指し、符号５は当該駐車場建物の外周部分に設けられた外周ボイド空間を指しており、それぞれ垂直方向の排煙機能に寄与する。
【００１４】
上記の各ボイド空間３，４，５に関して、上記した水平方向の排煙機能に適切な水平距離とは、駐車場の床面から天井までの高さ（約３ｍ）の制限を前提とし、相当な延焼時間を考慮した場合でも、火災時の煙層下端の高さが駐車車両を煙層に晒すことのない高さに維持できる距離を意味する。具体的には、大型の中央ボイド空間３および外周ボイド空間５の存在を前提とするとき、開口幅が約２ｍのスリット状ボイド空間４は、前二者との水平距離を約４０ｍないし５０ｍの範囲に設けると、実証実験の結果、煙層下端の床上高さは約２ｍを保ち、排煙効果は十分であることが確認されている。
以上要するに、１ユニットのシステム駐車場は、上記の排煙機能に適切な水平距離の境界部分にボイド空間を有する構成ということができる。
【００１５】
次に、各階のスラブ１５上には、平面の効率的利用を考慮した配置で駐車スペース６…（又は車室と呼ぶ場合もある。）が可能なかぎり多数設けられ、これらの各駐車スペース６…を取り巻くように配置した車路７が防火設備とみなし得る幅員で形成されている。前記防火設備とみなし得る車路７の幅員とは、車路７を挟んで対峙する車輌に火炎が到達せず、また、輻射熱による延焼が発生しない間隔を意味する。計算により約４．５ｍ以上の幅員を確保すれば足りることが確認され、フラッシュオーバーは起こらない。よって前記幅員の車路７を挟んでその両側に駐車スペース６，６が配置されている。具体的に図２中の各車路の幅員を示すと、主要な車路７Ａはいずれも７ｍないし７．２５ｍ程度の幅員が確保され、その他の車路７Ｂは車輌の通行に支障がない４．５ｍないし４．９ｍ程度の幅員で設けられている。
【００１６】
各駐車スペース６については、一定台数の車輌、より具体的には１２台の駐車スペース毎に区画する、不燃材料（又は準不燃材料）による延焼防止壁８…が天井まで立てられている。具体的には図８と図９に示す実施形態の通りである。
各階の駐車スペース６へ車輌が出入りするための車輌用アクセス手段として、図２の実施形態では、自走式で且つ、入り側ルート（ＩＮ）と出側ルート（ＯＵＴ）が二条ネジ式（複式）の周回型に形成されたアクセス専用道路８Ａ及び８Ｂが設けられている。また、駐車車両へ乗り降りする人のアクセス手段として、複数基のエレベータ９…とエスカレータ１０及び階段室１１をそれぞれ備えている（以上請求項１記載の発明）。
【００１７】
更に具体的に、各部の構造について説明する。
図３に示した駐車場建物の外周部分に外周ボイド空間５が配置されていることは上述した通りである。この外周ボイド空間５は、当該駐車場建物の四隅部に設けた消防進入用バルコニー１２（図２参照）と一連に形成されている（請求項２記載の発明）。したがって、図３を見ると明らかなように、消防士が消防進入用バルコニー１２へ到達した場合には、防火区画開口１３をあけて駐車場内へ進入することができる。或いは外周ボイド空間５を利用して上方へ梯子などを立ち上げることにより、更に上階の駐車場へ到達することができる。よって、消火活動を容易に、且つ迅速にできる。
【００１８】
図３に示した通り、上記外周ボイド空間５の口縁部には、各階のスラブ１５に立ち上がる手摺り１６が、利用者等の落下防止に適切な高さで設けられている（請求項２に記載した発明）。前記手摺り１６の床上高さは１．２ｍ程度に設けられている。
同じ図３中の符号１８は隣地境界線を示し，Ｌは隣地との延焼防止距離（約５ｍ）を表している。符号１９は外周ボイド空間５の外側に設置した遮音パネル（又は防火パネル）であるが、その設置は義務的ではない。車輌２０は、駐車スペース６の車止め２１と当たる位置に駐車する。正規位置へ駐車した車輌２０と前記手摺り１６との間には、約１ｍのバッファゾーンＭが確保されており、延焼の防止と、消防活動の円滑さが確保されている。図中の符号２５は駐車場建物の柱を指す。
【００１９】
次に、図４はスリット状ボイド空間４の廻りの構造形式を示している。本実施形態の場合、スリット状ボイド空間４の幅は２ｍで、その口縁部には、各階のスラブ１５に立ち上がる手摺り壁１６Ａが、上階スラブの天井との間に十分な排煙開口１７を確保し、且つ上階に駐車した車輌２０の延焼を防止する高さで設けられている（請求項３に記載した発明）。図４中の符号２２は下階に駐車した車輌２０の火災時に、スリット状ボイド空間４を立ち昇る火炎の流れ線を表し、前記手摺り壁１６Ａが上階のスラブ１５上に駐車した車輌２０の延焼を防止する効果について示している。この場合にも、駐車スペース６の正規位置へ駐車した車輌２０と手摺り壁１６との間にはバッファゾーンＭが確保されており、これが延焼を防止する効果、及び消防活動の円滑に寄与する。
【００２０】
次に、図５は、図２のロ−ロ断面位置のスリット状ボイド空間４の廻りの構造形式を部分的に示している。駐車車輌２０が相互に直角な配置の例であり、延焼の恐れがある部分に十分な延焼防止距離Ｌ（約５．６ｍないし６．４ｍ）が確保された構成を示す。従って，中間の車路７Ｂの幅員は約４．７ｍと必要最小限の大きさが確保されている。
【００２１】
次に、図６と図７は、車路７を特定防火設備とみなす場合の効果的配置を、図３のハ−ハ断面の位置、及びニ−ニ断面の位置について示す。図６は要するに、駐車車輌２０が相互に平行に駐車された配置の場合を示し、図７は駐車車輌２０が相互に直角な配置に駐車された場合について示している。図６の場合は、延焼防止距離Ｌ（約６．４ｍ）を考慮して、中間の車路７Ａの幅員は約７ｍと法的車路幅５．５ｍよりも遙かに大きな幅員で形成している。図７の場合は、同じく延焼防止距離Ｌ（約６．４ｍ）を考慮して、中間の車路７Ａは７．２５ｍと充分大きな幅員を確保した構成であり、これが特定防火設備とみなし得るのである。
【００２２】
図８と図９は、駐車スペース６における延焼防止壁８の具体例を示す。不燃材料又は準不燃材料による延焼防止壁８は、相互に平行な配置の駐車車輌２０の中間位置に、床面から天井へ届く高さで設けられている。車輌２０の平行方向には約４ｍの長さであり、いわば衝立の如くに設けられている。
図９は、駐車スペース６が駐車車輌１２台の広さを１ブロックとして延焼防止壁８が設置された例を示す。
【００２３】
本発明の駐車場建物２は、上記したように、防火区画を車路７の幅員、及び各ボイド空間３，４，５に置き換えた構成であるから、防火シャッターや防火戸の省略を実現できる。また、所謂フラッシュオーバーの危険性を解消したので、排煙設備の省略又は撤廃、そして、従来必要であった大型消火設備（泡消火）を小型の移動式消火設備（ＡＢＣ消火）であれば足りる程度に軽減化することが出来る。しかも火災時の火災性状の検討と実証実験により延焼及びフラッシュオーバーの危険性がない鋼材温度の上昇と、同鋼材の耐力保有温度との差異から、鉄骨材の耐火被覆の省略（無耐火被覆）も耐火設計上確認された。
以上要するに、本発明の駐車場建物２は、鉄骨造建物でありながら、その柱、梁、スラブはそれぞれ無耐火被覆で実施可能である。よって、建築部材は可能な限り工場生産化を図り、プレハブ化施工を実現することが出来る。その上、防火シャッターと防火戸などの防火区画、排煙設備が省略され、小型の移動式消火設備を有すれば良い程度の構成となる（請求項４に記載した発明）。
【００２４】
以上の実施形態は、図１に例示したように、駐車場建物２が、ショッピングセンターなどの主建物１の屋上部分に建築されている場合について説明したが、この限りではない。
本発明の駐車場建物２は、それ自体が独立した建物として実施することが可能であるほか、図１０に示したように、駐車場建物２を、ショッピングセンター或いは公共施設の如き主建物１の横に隣接して一体的に建築し利用することも出来る（請求項６に記載した発明）。
【００２５】
【発明の効果】
請求項１〜６に記載した発明に係る駐車場建物は、鉄骨造で多層構造ではあるけれども、火災実験や計算式などの応用によって耐火性能や安全性を確認し又は証明した結果、防火シャッターや防火戸などの防火区画を１００％省略できるほか、建物自体の鉄骨柱や梁の耐火被覆も１００％省略できる。また、排煙設備も１００％撤廃できるし、大型消火設備（泡消火）は不要で、せいぜい小型の移動式消火設備（ＡＢＣ消火）程度があれば足り、９５％の軽減化を図ることが出来る。
【００２６】
そして、建築のプレハブ化施工を実施可能であり、建築重量を１０％軽減できる。建築の工期は２０％の短縮を図れ、更に工事原価は２５％の大幅な引き下げを可能にする。
【００２７】
本発明の駐車場建物は、独立棟として建設することはもとより、大規模ショッピングセンター等の主建物の屋上部分への建設、或いは主建物の横に隣接する駐車施設として建設することが各々可能である。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明の屋上型駐車場建物の実施形態を示した立面図である。
【図２】駐車場建物の平面配置図である。
【図３】図２のイ−イ線矢視の断面図である。
【図４】スリット状ボイド空間廻りの構造を示す断面図である。
【図５】図２のロ−ロ線矢視の断面図である。
【図６】図２のハ−ハ線矢視の断面図である。
【図７】図２のニ−ニ線矢視の断面図である。
【図８】Ａ，Ｂは駐車スペースの延焼防止壁の設置状態を示す平面図と立面図である。
【図９】延焼防止壁の異なる設置状態を示す平面図である。
【図１０】本発明に係る駐車場建物の異なる実施形態を示した立面図である。
【符号の説明】
１ショッピングセンター（主建物）
２駐車場建物
３中央ボイド空間
４スリット状ボイド空間
５外周部ボイド空間
６駐車スペース
７車路
８延焼防止壁
２０車輌
１２消防進入用バルコニー
１６手摺り
１６Ａ手摺り壁[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention belongs to the technical field of a steel-framed, multi-layered parking lot building. Furthermore, prefabricated construction is possible with non-fireproof coating, fireproof sections such as fireproof shutters and fire doors, smoke exhaust equipment, etc. are unnecessary, and the regulations of the Fire Service Law are limited to the provision of small mobile fire extinguishing equipment. All about the cleared parking lot building.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Due to regulations by the Large-Scale Retail Store Act, the number of parking lots of large-scale shopping centers and the like has recently become enormous, and efficient supply of parking lots has been chronically demanded. Therefore, as disclosed in Patent Documents 1, 2, and 3, various large-scale parking lot systems and parking lot buildings have been developed and proposed.
Patent Literature 1 discloses a double-core multi-story parking lot that can effectively utilize the rooftop as a parking space and has a good appearance.
Patent Literature 2 discloses a parking device that effectively uses the roof of an existing building as a parking space.
Patent Literature 3 discloses a self-propelled parking lot building in which a parking lot constituent part, a store, and a living room constituent part are vertically merged.
[0003]
[Patent Document 1]
JP 2000-336965 A [Patent Document 2]
JP-A-6-212822 [Patent Document 3]
Japanese Patent No. 30111820
By the way, when constructing a large-scale shopping center or the like, the parking lot is usually installed in a multi-layered structure in a basement or a roof portion of a shopping center building or the like due to the limited site area. As a result, it must be treated as a building structure and must adhere to or clear all regulations of the Standard Law. In other words, it is mandatory to install fireproof coverings, area divisions, smoke exhaust facilities, fire sections such as fire shutters and fire doors, and large-scale fire extinguishing facilities (foam fire extinguishing). This point has not been solved by the large-scale parking system or the parking lot building disclosed in Patent Documents 1, 2, and 3 described above.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
An object of the present invention is to confirm or prove the fire resistance performance and safety by applying a demonstration or calculation formula by a fire experiment, to omit a fire compartment such as a fire shutter or a fire door, and to omit a steel frame fireproof coating. In order to eliminate the need for smoke removal equipment, reduce the size of large fire extinguishing equipment, and to implement prefabricated construction, it is possible to reduce the weight, shorten the construction period, and further reduce the construction cost. The purpose is to provide a multi-layered parking building.
The next object of the present invention is not only a construction as an independent building, but also a construction on a roof portion of a main building such as a large-scale shopping center or a parking facility adjacent to a side of the main building. The purpose is to provide a steel-framed, multi-layered parking building.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
As means for solving the above-mentioned problems, the parking lot building according to the invention described in claim 1 is:
It is a steel-framed, multi-layered parking lot building,
As a plane layout of each floor, a void space penetrating the slab of each floor in the vertical direction is placed at an appropriate horizontal distance for the horizontal smoke exhaust function,
The lane surrounding the parking space is formed with a width that can be regarded as fire protection equipment.The parking space has a fire spread wall that partitions each fixed number of vehicles, and vehicles enter and leave the parking space on each floor. Vehicle access means, and access means for persons getting on and off the vehicle.
[0007]
According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the parking lot building according to the first aspect, a void space is arranged in an outer peripheral portion of the building, and a handrail that stands on a slab of each floor is provided at an edge portion thereof, This outer peripheral void space is characterized in that it is formed in series with a fire approaching balcony provided at a corner of a building.
[0008]
According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the parking lot building according to the first or second aspect, a handrail wall rising on a slab of each floor is provided at an edge of the central void space and the slit-shaped void space to spread the upper floor. It is characterized by being provided at a height to prevent.
[0009]
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the parking lot building according to any one of the first to third aspects, the pillars, beams, and slabs of the steel-framed building each have a non-fireproof coating, such as a fireproof shutter and a fire door. The fire prevention compartment and the smoke exhaust system are omitted, and a mobile fire extinguishing system is provided.
[0010]
According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the parking lot building according to any one of the first to fourth aspects, the parking lot building is constructed on a rooftop portion of a shopping center or other main building. I do.
[0011]
According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the parking lot building according to any one of the first to fourth aspects, the parking lot building is constructed adjacent to a shopping center or another main building. Features.
[0012]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention shown in the drawings will be described.
FIG. 1 shows an embodiment in which a parking lot building 2 according to the present invention is built on the roof of a large-scale shopping center 1 (hereinafter, this may be referred to as a main building) as a rooftop installation type (claim 5). Described invention).
FIG. 2 is a plan view of a system parking lot on a certain floor in the parking lot building 2. The plan view of FIG. 2 shows that the system parking lot having a flat area of up to 4000 m ³ is a unit of four units.
[0013]
As the plane layout of the parking lot building 2 shown in FIG. 2, the void spaces 3, 4, 5 penetrating the slab of each floor in the vertical direction are arranged at an appropriate horizontal distance for the horizontal smoke exhaust function. Basic. Reference numeral 3 in FIG. 2 indicates a slightly large (about 17 m in width, about 60 m in length) central void space, and reference numeral 4 denotes a small width (about 2 m) arranged substantially symmetrically on the left and right sides of the central void space 3. The reference numeral 5 indicates a slit-shaped void space, and reference numeral 5 indicates an outer peripheral void space provided in an outer peripheral portion of the parking lot building, and each contributes to a vertical smoke exhaust function.
[0014]
Regarding the above void spaces 3, 4, and 5, the horizontal distance appropriate for the above-described horizontal smoke exhaust function is equivalent to the height of the floor to the ceiling (about 3 m) of the parking lot. Even when the fire spread time is taken into consideration, the height of the lower end of the smoke layer at the time of fire means the distance that the parked vehicle can be maintained at a height that does not expose the smoke layer to the smoke layer. Specifically, assuming the existence of the large central void space 3 and the outer peripheral void space 5, the slit-shaped void space 4 having an opening width of about 2 m has a horizontal distance of about 40 m to 50 m with the former two. As a result of a demonstration experiment, it was confirmed that the height above the floor at the lower end of the smoke layer was maintained at about 2 m, and the smoke emission effect was sufficient.
In short, it can be said that one unit of the system parking lot has a void space at a boundary portion of a horizontal distance suitable for the above-mentioned smoke exhaust function.
[0015]
Next, on the slab 15 of each floor, as many parking spaces 6... (Or may be referred to as a passenger compartment) as possible are provided in an arrangement considering efficient use of the plane. Are formed so as to have a width that can be regarded as fire prevention equipment. The width of the road 7 that can be regarded as the fire prevention equipment means an interval in which the flame does not reach the vehicle facing the vehicle 7 across the road 7 and the spread of fire due to radiant heat does not occur. It is confirmed by calculation that it is sufficient to secure a width of about 4.5 m or more, and no flashover occurs. Therefore, parking spaces 6 and 6 are arranged on both sides of the width lane 7. Specifically, the width of each lane in FIG. 2 is shown, and the main lane 7A has a width of about 7 m to 7.25 m, and the other lane 7B has no obstacle to vehicle traffic. It is provided with a width of about 0.5 m to 4.9 m.
[0016]
In each parking space 6, a fire spread prevention wall 8 made of a non-combustible material (or quasi-non-combustible material) is provided up to the ceiling, which is divided into a fixed number of vehicles, more specifically, 12 parking spaces. Specifically, it is as in the embodiment shown in FIGS.
In the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, as a vehicle access means for a vehicle to enter and exit the parking space 6 on each floor, in the embodiment of FIG. 2, the entry route (IN) and the exit route (OUT) are double-threaded (double type). ), Access-only roads 8A and 8B formed in a circular shape are provided. Further, a plurality of elevators 9,..., An escalator 10, and a staircase 11 are provided as access means for a person getting on and off the parked vehicle (the invention according to claim 1).
[0017]
More specifically, the structure of each part will be described.
As described above, the outer peripheral void space 5 is arranged in the outer peripheral portion of the parking lot building shown in FIG. The outer peripheral void space 5 is formed in series with a fire approaching balcony 12 (see FIG. 2) provided at the four corners of the parking lot building (the invention according to claim 2). Therefore, as apparent from FIG. 3, when the firefighter reaches the fire approaching balcony 12, the firefighter can enter the parking lot through the fire compartment opening 13. Alternatively, by raising a ladder or the like upward using the outer peripheral void space 5, it is possible to further reach the parking lot on the upper floor. Therefore, fire extinguishing activities can be performed easily and quickly.
[0018]
As shown in FIG. 3, handrails 16 that stand on the slabs 15 of each floor are provided at an edge of the outer peripheral void space 5 at a height suitable for preventing a fall of a user or the like (claim 2). Invention described in (1). The height above the floor of the handrail 16 is set to about 1.2 m.
3, the reference numeral 18 in FIG. 3 indicates an adjacent land boundary line, and L indicates a fire spread prevention distance (approximately 5 m) from the adjacent land. Reference numeral 19 denotes a sound insulation panel (or a fire panel) installed outside the outer peripheral void space 5, but its installation is not mandatory. The vehicle 20 is parked at a position where the vehicle 20 hits the car stop 21 in the parking space 6. A buffer zone M of about 1 m is secured between the vehicle 20 parked at the regular position and the handrail 16, thereby preventing fire spread and ensuring smooth fire fighting activities. Reference numeral 25 in the figure indicates a pillar of a parking lot building.
[0019]
Next, FIG. 4 shows a structural form around the slit-shaped void space 4. In the case of the present embodiment, the width of the slit-shaped void space 4 is 2 m, and a handrail wall 16A rising on the slab 15 of each floor is provided at the edge of the slit-shaped void space 4 with a sufficient smoke exhaust opening between the ceiling and the ceiling of the upper floor slab. 17 is secured and provided at a height to prevent the spread of the fire of the vehicle 20 parked on the upper floor (the invention according to claim 3). Reference numeral 22 in FIG. 4 indicates a flow line of a flame rising in the slit-shaped void space 4 when the vehicle 20 parked on the lower floor fires, and the handrail wall 16A is parked on the slab 15 on the upper floor. The effect of preventing the spread of fire is shown. Also in this case, a buffer zone M is secured between the vehicle 20 parked at the regular position in the parking space 6 and the handrail wall 16, and this contributes to the effect of preventing the spread of fire and the smoothness of firefighting activities. .
[0020]
Next, FIG. 5 partially shows the structure around the slit-shaped void space 4 at the roll cross-sectional position in FIG. This is an example in which the parked vehicles 20 are arranged at right angles to each other, and shows a configuration in which a sufficient fire spread prevention distance L (approximately 5.6 m to 6.4 m) is secured in a portion where fire spread may occur. Therefore, the width of the middle lane 7B is about 4.7 m, which is the minimum required size.
[0021]
Next, FIGS. 6 and 7 show the effective arrangement when the lane 7 is regarded as the specific fire prevention equipment, with respect to the position of the ha-ha section and the position of the ni-i section in FIG. 6 shows a case where the parked vehicles 20 are parked parallel to each other, and FIG. 7 shows a case where the parked vehicles 20 are parked at a right angle to each other. In the case of FIG. 6, in consideration of the fire spread prevention distance L (about 6.4 m), the width of the intermediate lane 7A is about 7 m, which is much larger than the legal lane width of 5.5 m. ing. In the case of FIG. 7, the middle lane 7A has a sufficiently large width of 7.25 m in consideration of the fire spread prevention distance L (approximately 6.4 m), which can be regarded as specific fire prevention equipment. is there.
[0022]
8 and 9 show specific examples of the fire spread prevention wall 8 in the parking space 6. FIG. The fire spread prevention wall 8 made of a non-combustible material or a quasi-non-combustible material is provided at an intermediate position between the parking vehicles 20 arranged in parallel with each other at a height reaching from the floor surface to the ceiling. The length is about 4 m in the parallel direction of the vehicle 20, and is provided like a partition.
FIG. 9 shows an example in which a parking space 6 is provided with a fire spread prevention wall 8 with the size of 12 parked vehicles as one block.
[0023]
As described above, since the parking lot building 2 of the present invention has a configuration in which the fire section is replaced by the width of the lane 7 and the void spaces 3, 4, and 5, the fire shutter and the fire door can be omitted. . In addition, since the so-called danger of flashover has been eliminated, the omission or elimination of smoke exhaust equipment, and a large-sized fire extinguishing equipment (foam fire extinguishing), which is conventionally required, is sufficient as a small mobile fire extinguishing equipment (ABC fire extinguishing). It can be reduced to a degree. In addition, due to the difference between the rise in temperature of the steel, which has no danger of fire spread and flashover, and the difference between the temperature at which the steel bears the proof strength due to examination and demonstration tests of fire properties in the event of a fire, the omission of fire-resistant coating on steel frames (no fire-resistant coating) Was also confirmed in the fireproof design.
In short, while the parking lot building 2 of the present invention is a steel frame building, its columns, beams, and slabs can each be implemented with a non-fireproof coating. Therefore, it is possible to realize the production of the building member as much as possible in the factory and realize the prefabricated construction. In addition, a fireproof shutter, a fireproof compartment such as a fire door, and a smoke exhaust facility are omitted, and the configuration is sufficient if only a small mobile fire extinguishing facility is provided (the invention described in claim 4).
[0024]
In the above embodiment, as illustrated in FIG. 1, the case where the parking lot building 2 is constructed on the roof of the main building 1 such as a shopping center is described, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
The parking lot building 2 of the present invention can be embodied as an independent building itself. In addition, as shown in FIG. 10, the parking lot building 2 can be replaced with a main building 1 such as a shopping center or a public facility. It can also be built and used adjacent to the side (invention described in claim 6).
[0025]
【The invention's effect】
Although the parking lot building according to the invention described in claims 1 to 6 is a steel-framed and multi-layered structure, as a result of confirming or proving fire resistance performance and safety by applying fire experiments and calculation formulas, fireproof shutters and the like are obtained. In addition to eliminating 100% of fire compartments such as fire doors, 100% of the fireproof coating of steel columns and beams in the building itself can be eliminated. In addition, smoke exhaust equipment can be eliminated 100%, large fire extinguishing equipment (foam fire extinguishing) is not required, and at least a small mobile fire extinguishing equipment (ABC fire extinguishing) is sufficient, and 95% reduction can be achieved. .
[0026]
And the prefabricated construction can be implemented, and the weight of the building can be reduced by 10%. Construction time can be reduced by 20%, and construction costs can be significantly reduced by 25%.
[0027]
The parking lot building of the present invention can be constructed not only as an independent building, but also on the roof of a main building such as a large-scale shopping center or as a parking facility adjacent to the main building. is there.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an elevation view showing an embodiment of a rooftop parking lot building of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a plan layout view of a parking lot building.
FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along the line II in FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing a structure around a slit-shaped void space.
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along a roll line in FIG. 2;
FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken along the line C-A of FIG. 2;
FIG. 7 is a sectional view taken along the line II-II in FIG. 2;
FIGS. 8A and 8B are a plan view and an elevation view showing an installation state of a fire spread prevention wall of a parking space.
FIG. 9 is a plan view showing different installation states of the fire spread prevention wall.
FIG. 10 is an elevation view showing a different embodiment of a parking lot building according to the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 shopping center (main building)
2 Parking lot building 3 Central void space 4 Slit void space 5 Outer peripheral void space 6 Parking space 7 Roadway 8 Fire spread prevention wall 20 Vehicle 12 Balcony for fire fighting 16 Handrail 16A Handrail wall

Claims

It is a steel-framed, multi-layered parking building,
As a plane layout of each floor, a void space penetrating the slab of each floor in the vertical direction is placed at an appropriate horizontal distance for the horizontal smoke exhaust function,
The lane surrounding the parking space is formed with a width that can be regarded as fire protection equipment.The parking space has an anti-fire wall partitioning a certain number of vehicles, and vehicles enter and exit the parking space on each floor. A parking lot building comprising: vehicle access means; and vehicle access means for getting on and off the vehicle.

A void space is arranged on the outer periphery of the building, and railings are provided at the edge of the building to stand on the slabs on each floor.This outer void space is connected to the balcony for fire approach at the corner of the building. The parking lot building according to claim 1, wherein the parking lot building is formed.

The handrail wall which rises to the slab of each floor is provided in the edge part of a center void space and a slit-shaped void space at the height which prevents an upper floor from spreading, The Claims 1 or 2 characterized by the above-mentioned. Parking building.

The pillars, beams, and slabs of the steel-framed building are each provided with a non-fireproof coating, a fireproof compartment such as a fire shutter and a fire door, a smoke exhaust system is omitted, and a mobile fire extinguishing system is provided. 3. The parking lot building described in any one of 3.

The parking lot building according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the parking lot building is constructed on the roof of a shopping center or other main building.

The parking lot building according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the parking lot building is constructed adjacent to a shopping center or another main building.