JP2004131762A - Wear resistant aluminum alloy for casting, and aluminum alloy casting thereof - Google Patents

Wear resistant aluminum alloy for casting, and aluminum alloy casting thereof Download PDF

Info

Publication number
JP2004131762A
JP2004131762A JP2002295085A JP2002295085A JP2004131762A JP 2004131762 A JP2004131762 A JP 2004131762A JP 2002295085 A JP2002295085 A JP 2002295085A JP 2002295085 A JP2002295085 A JP 2002295085A JP 2004131762 A JP2004131762 A JP 2004131762A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
aluminum alloy
weight
casting
alloy
wear
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
JP2002295085A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JP3949557B2 (en
Inventor
Satoshi Miyajiri
宮尻 聡
Naoto Oshiro
大城 直人
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Daiki Aluminium Industry Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Daiki Aluminium Industry Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Daiki Aluminium Industry Co Ltd filed Critical Daiki Aluminium Industry Co Ltd
Priority to JP2002295085A priority Critical patent/JP3949557B2/en
Publication of JP2004131762A publication Critical patent/JP2004131762A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP3949557B2 publication Critical patent/JP3949557B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a wear resistant aluminum alloy for casting which has excellent wear resistance, and can be subjected to low temperature casting and recycling, and to provide a wear resistant aluminum alloy casting obtained by casting the alloy. <P>SOLUTION: The wear resistant aluminum alloy 10 for casting comprises, by weight, 14 to 20% Cu, 8.5 to 15% Zn, 5 to 8% Si, and the balance Al with inevitable impurities, and in which the elements are formed into the three structures of an Al-Cu phase (12), an Al-Zn phase (14) and an Si phase (16). Its wear resistance or the like can be improved because of the incorporation of 14 to 20% Cu and 8.5 to 15% Zn in this way, and the fluidity of molten metal can be improved, and further, its liquidus temperature can be reduced by the blending of 5 to 8% Si therein. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、耐摩耗性に優れ、低温での鋳造やリサイクルが可能な鋳造用アルミニウム合金および当該合金を利用した耐摩耗性アルミニウム合金鋳物に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
アルミニウム合金は、軽量であるとともに、優れた熱伝導性および高い耐蝕性などの諸特性から、自動車や産業機械、航空機、家庭電化製品その他各種分野において、その構成部品素材として広く使用されている。このうち耐摩耗性を必要とする部材には、JIS H−2118によって規定されたAD14.1合金などのSi含有量が14重量%以上のHi−Si系アルミニウム合金(例えば、特許文献1参照。)や、Alと炭化ケイ素および窒化ケイ素などの非金属硬質粒子との複合材であるAl−硬質粒子複合材(例えば、特許文献2参照。)など耐摩耗性を備えたアルミニウム合金が用いられている。
【0003】
【特許文献1】
特開平5−279777号公報(第2−4頁)
【特許文献2】
特開平11−6024号公報(第2−3頁)
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかし、これらの耐摩耗性アルミニウム合金では、鋳造性やリサイクル性に問題があった。すなわち、Hi−Si系アルミニウム合金は、液相線温度つまりアルミニウム合金が完全に溶融する温度が高いため、鋳造する際に鋳造温度を高くしなければ湯流れ性が確保できない。したがって、金型への負担が大きくなり、金型寿命が低下するとともに、鋳造温度を上げる際にエネルギー消費量が増加するため、鋳物の製造コストが上昇すると言う問題があった。また、Al−硬質粒子複合材は、これをリサイクルに供しようとする場合、複合材中に数%〜数十重量%含まれる微細な非金属硬質粒子を除去する必要がある。しかし、非金属硬質粒子の除去には、多大なコストがかかるため、工業的にリサイクルができないと言う問題があった。
【0005】
それゆえに、この発明の主たる課題は、耐摩耗性に優れ、低温での鋳造やリサイクルが可能な鋳造用アルミニウム合金と、当該合金で鋳造された耐摩耗性アルミニウム合金鋳物とを提供することである。
【0006】
【課題を解決するための手段】
請求項1に記載した発明の鋳造用耐摩耗性アルミニウム合金(10)は、「Cu:14〜20重量%,Zn:8.5〜15重量%,Si:5〜8重量%を含有し、残部がAl及び不可避不純物とからなる」ものである。
【0007】
この発明では、Cuを14〜20重量%およびZnを8.5〜15重量%配合することによって、アルミニウム合金(10)の耐摩耗性などの機械的強度を向上させることができる。また、Siを5〜8重量%配合することによって、アルミニウム合金(10)の流動性を向上させることができるとともに、アルミニウム合金(10)の耐摩耗性を向上させることができる。そして、Cu,ZnおよびSiを上述した所定の割合で配合することによって、Hi−Si系アルミニウム合金に比べてアルミニウム合金(10)の液相線温度を下げることができ、耐摩耗性に優れ、低温での鋳造が可能な鋳造用アルミニウム合金を提供することができる。
【0008】
また、炭化ケイ素および窒化ケイ素などの非金属硬質粒子が含まれないので、リサイクルに供する際、これら非金属硬質粒子を除去する必要がなく、容易にリサイクルすることができる。
【0009】
請求項2に記載した発明の鋳物は、「請求項1に記載のアルミニウム合金で鋳造された」ことを特徴とするものである。
【0010】
これにより量産された鋳造品は耐摩耗性に優れるため、車両用ブレーキディスク材などの摺動部材として最適である。
【0011】
【発明の実施の形態】
図1は、本発明の一実施例のアルミニウム合金(10)の組織を模式的に示す説明図である。本発明のアルミニウム合金(10)は、Al,Cu,Zn,Siおよび不可避不純物によって構成され、かつ、これらの元素成分がAl−Cu相(12),Al−Zn相(14)およびSi相(16)の3つの組織を形成するものである。
【0012】
Al−Cu相(12)は、主に、Al母材中にCuが固溶した状態で構成された組織である。Cuは、Al母材中に固溶することによって、アルミニウム合金(10)の機械的強度(特に高温引張強さ),硬度および耐摩耗性を向上させるとともに、アルミニウム合金(10)の液相線温度を低下させるためのものである。また、Al母材中に固溶したCuは、アルミニウム合金(10)に対して施される溶体化処理および時効処理によって、Cu−Al金属間化合物(例えば、CuAl化合物)の形で析出する。このCu−Al金属間化合物は、アルミニウム合金(10)の引張強さをさらに向上させるものである。
【0013】
アルミニウム合金(10)全体の重量に対するCuの配合割合は、14〜20重量%の範囲であることが好ましい。Cuの配合割合が14重量%未満の場合には、十分な耐摩耗性が確保できず、耐摩耗性アルミニウム合金としては不適格となり、逆に、Cuの配合割合が20重量%より多い場合には、アルミニウム合金(10)の比重が増大しアルミニウム合金を素材として使用する最も大きな動機である「軽量化」が達成できなくなるからである。
【0014】
Al−Zn相(14)は、主に、Al母材中にZnが固溶した状態で構成された組織である。Znは、Al母材中に固溶することによって、アルミニウム合金(10)の硬度および耐摩耗性を向上させるとともに、アルミニウム合金(10)の液相線温度を低下させるためのものである。
【0015】
アルミニウム合金(10)全体の重量に対するZnの配合割合は、8.5〜15重量%の範囲であることが好ましい。Znの配合割合が8.5重量%未満の場合には、十分な耐摩耗性が確保できず耐摩耗性アルミニウム合金としては不適格となり、逆に、Znの配合割合が15重量%より多い場合には、ZnはAlやCuに比べて融点が低いため高温引張強さが低下するとともに、アルミニウム合金(10)の比重が増大し当該合金を素材とする製品の軽量化が図れなくなるからである。
【0016】
また、アルミニウム合金(10)全体の重量に対する上述のCuとZnの配合割合の合計は、25〜30重量%の範囲であることが好ましい。CuとZnの配合割合の合計が25重量%未満の場合には、十分な耐摩耗性が確保できず耐摩耗性アルミニウム合金としては不適格となり、逆に、CuとZnの配合割合の合計が30重量%より多い場合には、アルミニウム合金(10)の比重が増大し当該合金を素材とする製品の軽量化が図れなくなるからである。このように、CuとZnの配合割合の合計を25〜30重量%の範囲内にすることによって、耐摩耗性に優れ、かつ、軽量性が維持されたアルミニウム合金(10)を得ることができ、このアルミニウム合金(10)を素材として用いることによって、製品に耐摩耗性と軽量性とを付与することができる。
【0017】
さらに、CuとZnの配合割合の合計が25〜30重量%の範囲内において、Cuの配合割合がZnの配合割合よりも多いほうがより好ましい。上述したように、CuとZnの配合割合の合計を25〜30重量%の範囲内にすることによって、耐摩耗性に優れ、かつ、軽量性が維持されたアルミニウム合金(10)を得ることができるが、この範囲内においてZnの配合割合が多くなるほど高温引張強さが低下するようになるからである。
【0018】
Si相(16)は、主にSiが単体で晶出して構成された組織である。Siは、アルミニウム合金(10)を溶融して鋳造する際に、その流動性を向上させるとともに、アルミニウム合金(10)の耐摩耗性を向上させるためのものである。
【0019】
アルミニウム合金(10)全体の重量に対するSiの配合割合は、5〜8重量%の範囲であることが好ましい。一般にアルミニウム合金は、Siの含有量が12重量%程度のときに液相線温度が最も低くなり、また、Siの含有量が14重量%程度のときに流動性が最も高くなることが知られている。しかし、本発明のアルミニウム合金(10)では、上述したようにCuおよびZnが所定の量添加されているため、最も液相線温度の低い領域つまり共晶点が移動し、Siの配合割合が5〜8重量%の領域において最も低い液相線温度が得られるようになった。したがって、Siの配合割合が5重量%未満の場合にはアルミニウム合金(10)を溶融した際の流動性が低下するため鋳造時に十分な湯流れ性が確保できず、逆に、Siの配合割合が8重量%より多い場合には、アルミニウム合金(10)の液相線温度が上昇するため鋳造温度が高くなる。このようにSiの配合割合が5〜8重量%の範囲を超えると目的の品質のアルミニウム合金が得られなくなる。
【0020】
以上の配合割合に従って、Cu,ZnおよびSiが配合されると、アルミニウム合金(10)は、一般に使用されているアルミニウム合金よりも液相線温度が低下するとともに、耐摩耗性などの機械的強度が向上する。
【0021】
本発明のアルミニウム合金(10)を製造する際には、まず、Al,Si,CuおよびZnの各元素成分が上述した所定の配合割合となるように配合した原料を準備する。続いて、この原料を前炉付溶解炉や密閉溶融炉などの溶融炉に投入し、これらを溶解させる。溶解させた原料すなわちアルミニウム合金(10)の溶湯は、必要に応じて脱マグネシウム処理,脱水素処理および脱介在物処理などの精製処理が施される。そして、精製された溶湯を所定の鋳型などに流し込み、固化させることによって、アルミニウム合金(10)の溶湯を合金地金インゴットなどに成形する。
【0022】
また、本発明のアルミニウム合金(10)を用いてアルミニウム合金鋳物を鋳造する際には、砂型鋳造法,金型鋳造法,低圧鋳造法およびダイカスト法などのあらゆる鋳造法を用いることができる。特に、ダイカスト法を用いると、本発明のアルミニウム合金(10)は液相線温度が低く、溶融時の流動性が高いことから、厚みが1mm程度と極めて薄く、かつ、耐摩耗性に優れた鋳物を量産することが可能である。そして、これらの鋳造法によって得られたアルミニウム合金鋳物は、必要に応じて溶体化処理および時効処理が施される。アルミニウム合金鋳物に溶体化処理および時効処理が施されると、Cu−Al金属間化合物などが析出し、鋳物の機械的強度をさらに向上させることができる。
【0023】
【実施例】
以下に、実施例を挙げて本発明を具体的に説明するが、本発明は実施例に限定されるものではない。
【0024】
なお、実施例および比較例における各物性は、アルミニウム合金の溶湯[溶湯試料]、もしくは、該溶湯を120℃±5℃に設定した舟金型に流し込み鋳造したもの[鋳造試料]を試料として、以下の方法で測定した。
(1)引張強さ、伸び:鋳造試料をJIS4号引張試験片に加工し、この試験片の引張強さと伸びとをJIS Z−2201に準拠して、(株)島津製作所製の万能試験機(UMH−10)で測定した。
(2)比摩耗量:大越式摩耗試験機を用い、所定の形状に加工した鋳造試料について、乾式の条件下、相手材FC−25、摩耗距離100m、付加加重2.1kgf、摩耗速度0.96m/sの条件で比摩耗量を測定した。
(3)比重:(株)エー・アンド・ディ製の電子天秤(HF2000)を用いてアルミニウム合金の鋳造試料の空重量および水中重量を測定し、水の密度と合わせて次式(1)により比重を計算した。
合金の空重量/(合金の空重量−合金の水中重量)×水の密度 …(1)
(4)ロックウェル硬度:鋳造試料の硬度をJIS Z−2245に準拠して、ロックウェルBスケールで測定した。
(5)流動長:図3に示すMIT試験機(20)を用いて流動長を測定した。具体的には、熱電対(22)での測定値が640℃となるように電気炉(24)で保温したアルミニウム合金の溶湯試料(26)に、内径5±0.2mmのガラス管耐熱チューブ(28)を挿し、ガラス管耐熱チューブ(28)内の気圧が水銀マノメータ−(30)測定値で560±1Torrとなるように真空ポンプ(32)とバルブ(34)とを操作して一気に減圧し、このときガラス管耐熱チューブ(28)内に吸引される溶湯(26)が凝固するまでの長さ(L)をスケール(36)で測定し、流動長とした。
(6)高温引張強さ:300℃における鋳造試料の高温引張強さをJIS G−0567に準拠して測定した。
(7)液相線温度:アルミニウム合金の溶湯試料が入った小型のるつぼにK熱電対を差し込み、るつぼ内のアルミニウム合金の溶湯が凝固する際の冷却凝固曲線を求め、この曲線より液相線温度を求めた。
【0025】
(実施例1)
Cuの配合割合を16.2重量%,Znの配合割合を10.2重量%(CuとZnの配合割合の合計は26.4重量%),Siの配合割合を6.1重量%そして残部をAlとすることによって、本発明におけるアルミニウム合金の元素組成の範囲内となるように配合した原料を30kg準備した。この原料を電気式るつぼ溶解炉に投入し、これを溶解させてアルミニウム合金の溶湯を得た。そして、得られた合金の特性を表1に示した。
【0026】
(実施例2)
Cuの配合割合を19.5重量%,Znの配合割合を10.1重量%(CuとZnの配合割合の合計は29.6重量%),Siの配合割合を5.4重量%そして残部をAlとした以外は、実施例1と同じ条件にして、アルミニウム合金の溶湯を得た。そして、得られた合金の特性を表1に示した。
【0027】
(実施例3)
Cuの配合割合を15.4重量%,Znの配合割合を14.1重量%(CuとZnの配合割合の合計は29.5重量%),Siの配合割合を6.0重量%そして残部をAlとした以外は、実施例1と同じ条件にして、アルミニウム合金の溶湯を得た。そして、得られた合金の特性を表1に示した。
【0028】
(実施例4)
Cuの配合割合を14.9重量%,Znの配合割合を10.1重量%(CuとZnの配合割合の合計は25.0重量%),Siの配合割合を5.8重量%そして残部をAlとした以外は、実施例1と同じ条件にして、アルミニウム合金の溶湯を得た。そして、得られた合金の特性を表1に示した。
【0029】
(実施例5)
Cuの配合割合を16.3重量%,Znの配合割合を8.8重量%(CuとZnの配合割合の合計は25.1重量%),Siの配合割合を6.0重量%そして残部をAlとした以外は、実施例1と同じ条件にして、アルミニウム合金の溶湯を得た。そして、得られた合金の特性を表1に示した。
【0030】
(比較例1)
Cuの配合割合を10.5重量%,Znの配合割合を10.5重量%(CuとZnの配合割合の合計は21.0重量%),Siの配合割合を7.4重量%そして残部をAlとすることによって、本発明におけるアルミニウム合金の元素組成の範囲外(Cuの配合割合が少なく、Znの配合割合が範囲内下限側。)となるように配合した以外は、実施例1と同じ条件にして、アルミニウム合金の溶湯を得た。そして、得られた合金の特性を表1に示した。
【0031】
(比較例2)
Cuの配合割合を16.8重量%,Znの配合割合を6.2重量%(CuとZnの配合割合の合計は23.0重量%),Siの配合割合を6.6重量%そして残部をAlとすることによって、本発明におけるアルミニウム合金の元素組成の範囲外(Znの配合割合が少ない。)となるように配合した以外は、実施例1と同じ条件にして、アルミニウム合金の溶湯を得た。そして、得られた合金の特性を表1に示した。
【0032】
(比較例3)
Cuの配合割合を10.0重量%,Znの配合割合を14.4重量%(CuとZnの配合割合の合計は24.4重量%),Siの配合割合を7.2重量%そして残部をAlとすることによって、本発明におけるアルミニウム合金の元素組成の範囲外(Cuの配合割合が少なく、Znの配合割合が範囲内上限側。)となるように配合した以外は、実施例1と同じ条件にして、アルミニウム合金の溶湯を得た。そして、得られた合金の特性を表1に示した。
【0033】
(比較例4)
Cuの配合割合を14.9重量%,Znの配合割合を8.1重量%(CuとZnの配合割合の合計は23.0重量%),Siの配合割合を6.0重量%そして残部をAlとすることによって、本発明におけるアルミニウム合金の元素組成の範囲外(Znの配合割合が少なく、Cuの配合割合が範囲内上限側。)となるように配合した以外は、実施例1と同じ条件にして、アルミニウム合金の溶湯を得た。そして、得られた合金の特性を表1に示した。
【0034】
(比較例5)
本発明のアルミニウム合金を市販の一般的なダイカスト用アルミニウム合金と比較するために、JIS H−2118に規定されるAD12.1合金を準備した。すなわち、表1に示す配合割合で各元素を配合した原料30kgを電気式るつぼ溶解炉に投入し、これを溶解させてアルミニウム合金の溶湯を得た。そして、得られた合金の特性を表1に示した。
【0035】
(比較例6)
本発明のアルミニウム合金を市販の耐摩耗性ダイカスト用アルミニウム合金と比較するために、JIS H−2118に規定されるAD14.1合金を準備した。すなわち、表1に示す配合割合で各元素を配合した原料30kgを電気式るつぼ溶解炉に投入、溶解させてアルミニウム合金の溶湯を得た。そして、得られた合金の特性を表1に示した。
【0036】
【表1】

Figure 2004131762
【0037】
表1より、実施例1〜5で得られた各アルミニウム合金(以下、「実施例合金」という。)は、比較例で得られたアルミニウム合金に比べて、比摩耗量が極めて低くなり、特に、市販の耐摩耗性ダイカスト用アルミニウム合金である比較例6と比較した場合、実施例合金の比摩耗量は、比較例6の比摩耗量のおよそ10分の1となることがわかる。したがって、実施例合金は、極めて耐摩耗性に優れたアルミニウム合金であるといえる。
【0038】
また、実施例合金は、比較例で得られた各アルミニウム合金に比べて、流動長が長くなるとともに、液相線温度が低くなることがわかる。特に市販の一般的なダイカスト用アルミニウム合金である比較例5と比較した場合でも、実施例合金は、その流動長が比較例5の流動長より10%以上長くなるとともに、その液相線温度が比較例5の液相線温度より32〜59℃低くなる。このように、実施例合金は、従来の一般的な市販合金に比べて溶湯の流動性が高く、かつ、液相線温度が低い。したがって、鋳造温度を従来よりも下げることが可能であり、また、従来と同じ鋳造温度で鋳造する場合には、溶湯の湯流れ性が良いため、肉厚の極めて薄い鋳物の鋳造が可能となる。
【0039】
なお、実施例合金は、炭化ケイ素および窒化ケイ素などの非金属硬質粒子を含んでいない。したがって、実施例合金をリサイクルに供したとしても、非金属硬質粒子の除去が不要であるため、簡単にリサイクルできることは容易に推測できる。
【0040】
【発明の効果】
以上のように、本発明によれば、耐摩耗性に優れ、低温での鋳造やリサイクルが可能な鋳造用アルミニウム合金および当該合金で鋳造された耐摩耗性アルミニウム合金鋳物を提供することができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明のアルミニウム合金における組織を模式的に示す説明図である。
【図2】本発明の実施例で用いた流動長測定用MIT試験機を示す概略図である。
【符号の説明】
(10)…アルミニウム合金
(12)…Al−Cu相
(14)…Al−Zn相
(16)…Si相
(20)…MIT試験機
(22)…熱電対
(24)…電気炉
(26)…アルミニウム合金の溶湯
(28)…ガラス管耐熱チューブ
(30)…水銀マノメータ−
(32)…真空ポンプ
(34)…バルブ
(36)…スケール[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an aluminum alloy for casting which has excellent wear resistance and can be cast or recycled at a low temperature, and a wear-resistant aluminum alloy casting using the alloy.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Aluminum alloys are widely used as constituent materials in automobiles, industrial machines, aircraft, home appliances and various other fields because of their light weight and various properties such as excellent thermal conductivity and high corrosion resistance. Among them, a member requiring wear resistance includes a Hi-Si-based aluminum alloy having an Si content of 14% by weight or more, such as an AD14.1 alloy specified by JIS H-2118 (for example, see Patent Document 1). And aluminum alloys having wear resistance such as Al-hard particle composite material (for example, see Patent Document 2) which is a composite material of Al and nonmetallic hard particles such as silicon carbide and silicon nitride. I have.
[0003]
[Patent Document 1]
JP-A-5-279777 (pages 2-4)
[Patent Document 2]
JP-A-11-6024 (pages 2-3)
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, these wear-resistant aluminum alloys have problems in castability and recyclability. That is, since the Hi-Si-based aluminum alloy has a high liquidus temperature, that is, a temperature at which the aluminum alloy is completely melted, the flowability of the molten metal cannot be ensured unless the casting temperature is increased during casting. Therefore, there is a problem that the burden on the mold is increased, the life of the mold is shortened, and the energy consumption increases when the casting temperature is increased, so that the production cost of the casting increases. Further, when the Al-hard particle composite material is to be recycled, it is necessary to remove fine nonmetallic hard particles contained in the composite material by several% to several tens% by weight. However, the removal of the non-metallic hard particles requires a great deal of cost, and has a problem that it cannot be recycled industrially.
[0005]
Therefore, a main object of the present invention is to provide an aluminum alloy for casting which is excellent in wear resistance and can be cast or recycled at a low temperature, and a wear-resistant aluminum alloy casting cast with the alloy. .
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The wear-resistant aluminum alloy for casting (10) according to the first aspect of the present invention includes “14 to 20% by weight of Cu, 8.5 to 15% by weight of Zn, 5 to 8% by weight of Si, The balance consists of Al and unavoidable impurities. "
[0007]
In this invention, the mechanical strength such as the wear resistance of the aluminum alloy (10) can be improved by blending 14 to 20% by weight of Cu and 8.5 to 15% by weight of Zn. In addition, by adding 5 to 8% by weight of Si, the fluidity of the aluminum alloy (10) can be improved and the wear resistance of the aluminum alloy (10) can be improved. By mixing Cu, Zn and Si at the above-mentioned predetermined ratios, the liquidus temperature of the aluminum alloy (10) can be lowered as compared with the Hi-Si-based aluminum alloy, and the wear resistance is excellent. An aluminum alloy for casting that can be cast at a low temperature can be provided.
[0008]
In addition, since non-metallic hard particles such as silicon carbide and silicon nitride are not included, it is not necessary to remove these non-metallic hard particles at the time of recycling, and it can be easily recycled.
[0009]
A casting of the invention described in claim 2 is characterized in that it is "cast with the aluminum alloy described in claim 1".
[0010]
The cast product mass-produced in this way has excellent wear resistance and is therefore most suitable as a sliding member such as a vehicle brake disc material.
[0011]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
FIG. 1 is an explanatory view schematically showing the structure of an aluminum alloy (10) according to one embodiment of the present invention. The aluminum alloy (10) of the present invention is composed of Al, Cu, Zn, Si and unavoidable impurities, and these element components are composed of an Al—Cu phase (12), an Al—Zn phase (14), and a Si phase ( 16) to form the three tissues.
[0012]
The Al-Cu phase (12) is a structure mainly constituted by a state in which Cu is dissolved in an Al base material. Cu improves the mechanical strength (particularly high-temperature tensile strength), hardness, and wear resistance of the aluminum alloy (10) by forming a solid solution in the Al base material, and also has a liquidus line of the aluminum alloy (10). It is for lowering the temperature. Further, Cu dissolved in the Al base material is precipitated in the form of Cu-Al intermetallic compound (for example, CuAl 2 compound) by solution treatment and aging treatment applied to the aluminum alloy (10). . This Cu-Al intermetallic compound further improves the tensile strength of the aluminum alloy (10).
[0013]
It is preferable that the mixing ratio of Cu to the weight of the entire aluminum alloy (10) is in the range of 14 to 20% by weight. When the compounding ratio of Cu is less than 14% by weight, sufficient wear resistance cannot be ensured, and it is not suitable as a wear-resistant aluminum alloy. Conversely, when the compounding ratio of Cu is more than 20% by weight, This is because the specific gravity of the aluminum alloy (10) increases, and it becomes impossible to achieve “lightening”, which is the largest motive for using the aluminum alloy as a material.
[0014]
The Al-Zn phase (14) is a structure mainly composed of a state in which Zn is dissolved in an Al base material. Zn dissolves in the Al base material to improve the hardness and wear resistance of the aluminum alloy (10) and to lower the liquidus temperature of the aluminum alloy (10).
[0015]
It is preferable that the blending ratio of Zn with respect to the total weight of the aluminum alloy (10) is in the range of 8.5 to 15% by weight. When the compounding ratio of Zn is less than 8.5% by weight, sufficient wear resistance cannot be secured, and the aluminum alloy is unsuitable as a wear-resistant aluminum alloy. Conversely, when the compounding ratio of Zn is more than 15% by weight, This is because Zn has a lower melting point than Al and Cu, so that the high-temperature tensile strength decreases and the specific gravity of the aluminum alloy (10) increases, making it impossible to reduce the weight of a product using the alloy. .
[0016]
Further, it is preferable that the total of the mixing ratios of Cu and Zn described above with respect to the total weight of the aluminum alloy (10) is in the range of 25 to 30% by weight. If the total content of Cu and Zn is less than 25% by weight, sufficient wear resistance cannot be ensured, and the aluminum alloy is unsuitable as a wear-resistant aluminum alloy. If the content is more than 30% by weight, the specific gravity of the aluminum alloy (10) increases, and it becomes impossible to reduce the weight of a product using the alloy. As described above, by setting the total of the mixing ratios of Cu and Zn in the range of 25 to 30% by weight, it is possible to obtain an aluminum alloy (10) having excellent wear resistance and maintaining light weight. By using this aluminum alloy (10) as a material, it is possible to impart wear resistance and light weight to the product.
[0017]
Further, it is more preferable that the mixing ratio of Cu is larger than the mixing ratio of Zn when the total mixing ratio of Cu and Zn is in the range of 25 to 30% by weight. As described above, by setting the total of the mixing ratios of Cu and Zn in the range of 25 to 30% by weight, it is possible to obtain an aluminum alloy (10) having excellent wear resistance and light weight. This is because the high-temperature tensile strength decreases as the Zn content increases within this range.
[0018]
The Si phase (16) is a structure mainly constituted by crystallization of Si alone. Si is used to improve the fluidity of the aluminum alloy (10) when it is melted and cast, and to improve the wear resistance of the aluminum alloy (10).
[0019]
The compounding ratio of Si with respect to the total weight of the aluminum alloy (10) is preferably in the range of 5 to 8% by weight. Generally, it is known that an aluminum alloy has the lowest liquidus temperature when the Si content is about 12% by weight, and has the highest fluidity when the Si content is about 14% by weight. ing. However, in the aluminum alloy (10) of the present invention, since the predetermined amounts of Cu and Zn are added as described above, the region having the lowest liquidus temperature, that is, the eutectic point moves, and the mixing ratio of Si decreases. The lowest liquidus temperature was obtained in the region of 5 to 8% by weight. Therefore, when the compounding ratio of Si is less than 5% by weight, the fluidity at the time of melting the aluminum alloy (10) is reduced, so that it is not possible to secure sufficient molten metal flow during casting, and conversely, the compounding ratio of Si Is more than 8% by weight, the liquidus temperature of the aluminum alloy (10) increases, so that the casting temperature increases. If the content of Si exceeds the range of 5 to 8% by weight, an aluminum alloy having the desired quality cannot be obtained.
[0020]
When Cu, Zn, and Si are blended in accordance with the above blending ratio, the aluminum alloy (10) has a lower liquidus temperature than a commonly used aluminum alloy and a mechanical strength such as abrasion resistance. Is improved.
[0021]
When manufacturing the aluminum alloy (10) of the present invention, first, a raw material in which the respective element components of Al, Si, Cu and Zn are blended so as to have the above-mentioned predetermined blending ratio is prepared. Subsequently, the raw materials are put into a melting furnace such as a melting furnace with a forehearth or a closed melting furnace, and are melted. The melted raw material, that is, the molten metal of the aluminum alloy (10) is subjected to a purification treatment such as a magnesium removal treatment, a dehydrogenation treatment and a deintercalation treatment as required. Then, the refined molten metal is poured into a predetermined mold or the like and solidified to form the molten aluminum alloy (10) into an alloy ingot or the like.
[0022]
In casting an aluminum alloy casting using the aluminum alloy (10) of the present invention, any casting method such as a sand casting method, a die casting method, a low pressure casting method, and a die casting method can be used. In particular, when the die casting method is used, the aluminum alloy (10) of the present invention has a very low liquidus temperature and a high fluidity at the time of melting. Therefore, the thickness is as thin as about 1 mm and excellent in abrasion resistance. It is possible to mass produce castings. The aluminum alloy casting obtained by these casting methods is subjected to a solution treatment and an aging treatment as necessary. When the solution treatment and the aging treatment are performed on the aluminum alloy casting, Cu-Al intermetallic compounds and the like are precipitated, and the mechanical strength of the casting can be further improved.
[0023]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be specifically described with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited to the examples.
[0024]
In addition, each physical property in an Example and a comparative example is a sample of a molten aluminum alloy [molten sample] or a product obtained by casting the molten metal in a boat mold set at 120 ° C. ± 5 ° C. [casting sample]. It was measured by the following method.
(1) Tensile strength and elongation: A cast sample was processed into a JIS No. 4 tensile test piece, and the tensile strength and elongation of this test piece were measured according to JIS Z-2201 by a universal testing machine manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation. (UMH-10).
(2) Specific wear amount: For a cast sample processed into a predetermined shape using an Ogoshi-type wear tester, under dry conditions, the mating material FC-25, a wear distance of 100 m, an additional load of 2.1 kgf, and a wear rate of 0.1 kgf The specific wear amount was measured under the condition of 96 m / s.
(3) Specific gravity: The empty weight and underwater weight of a cast aluminum alloy sample were measured using an electronic balance (HF2000) manufactured by A & D Co., Ltd., and were combined with the density of water according to the following equation (1). The specific gravity was calculated.
Empty weight of alloy / (empty weight of alloy-weight of underwater in alloy) x water density ... (1)
(4) Rockwell hardness: The hardness of the cast sample was measured on a Rockwell B scale according to JIS Z-2245.
(5) Flow length: The flow length was measured using an MIT tester (20) shown in FIG. Specifically, a glass tube heat resistant tube having an inner diameter of 5 ± 0.2 mm was added to a molten aluminum alloy sample (26) kept in an electric furnace (24) so that the value measured by the thermocouple (22) became 640 ° C. (28) is inserted, and the vacuum pump (32) and the valve (34) are operated at once so that the pressure in the glass tube heat-resistant tube (28) becomes 560 ± 1 Torr as measured by a mercury manometer (30). At this time, the length (L) until the molten metal (26) sucked into the glass tube heat-resistant tube (28) solidifies was measured by a scale (36), and was defined as a flow length.
(6) High temperature tensile strength: The high temperature tensile strength of a cast sample at 300 ° C. was measured in accordance with JIS G-0567.
(7) Liquidus temperature: Insert a K thermocouple into a small crucible containing a sample of the aluminum alloy melt, obtain a cooling solidification curve when the aluminum alloy melt in the crucible solidifies, and use this curve to obtain a liquidus curve. The temperature was determined.
[0025]
(Example 1)
The compounding ratio of Cu is 16.2% by weight, the compounding ratio of Zn is 10.2% by weight (total of compounding ratios of Cu and Zn is 26.4% by weight), the compounding ratio of Si is 6.1% by weight and the balance 30 kg of a raw material was prepared by changing Al to Al so as to fall within the range of the elemental composition of the aluminum alloy in the present invention. This raw material was put into an electric crucible melting furnace and melted to obtain a molten aluminum alloy. Table 1 shows the properties of the obtained alloy.
[0026]
(Example 2)
The compounding ratio of Cu is 19.5% by weight, the compounding ratio of Zn is 10.1% by weight (the total compounding ratio of Cu and Zn is 29.6% by weight), the compounding ratio of Si is 5.4% by weight and the balance A molten aluminum alloy was obtained under the same conditions as in Example 1 except that Al was changed to Al. Table 1 shows the properties of the obtained alloy.
[0027]
(Example 3)
The compounding ratio of Cu is 15.4% by weight, the compounding ratio of Zn is 14.1% by weight (the total of the compounding ratios of Cu and Zn is 29.5% by weight), the compounding ratio of Si is 6.0% by weight and the balance. A molten aluminum alloy was obtained under the same conditions as in Example 1 except that Al was changed to Al. Table 1 shows the properties of the obtained alloy.
[0028]
(Example 4)
The compounding ratio of Cu is 14.9% by weight, the compounding ratio of Zn is 10.1% by weight (total of compounding ratios of Cu and Zn is 25.0% by weight), the compounding ratio of Si is 5.8% by weight and the balance A molten aluminum alloy was obtained under the same conditions as in Example 1 except that Al was changed to Al. Table 1 shows the properties of the obtained alloy.
[0029]
(Example 5)
The compounding ratio of Cu is 16.3% by weight, the compounding ratio of Zn is 8.8% by weight (total of the compounding ratios of Cu and Zn is 25.1% by weight), the compounding ratio of Si is 6.0% by weight and the balance. A molten aluminum alloy was obtained under the same conditions as in Example 1 except that Al was changed to Al. Table 1 shows the properties of the obtained alloy.
[0030]
(Comparative Example 1)
The compounding ratio of Cu is 10.5% by weight, the compounding ratio of Zn is 10.5% by weight (the total compounding ratio of Cu and Zn is 21.0% by weight), the compounding ratio of Si is 7.4% by weight, and the balance Was changed to Al so that the aluminum alloy in the present invention was blended so as to be out of the range of the elemental composition (the blending ratio of Cu was small and the blending ratio of Zn was in the lower range of the range). Under the same conditions, a molten aluminum alloy was obtained. Table 1 shows the properties of the obtained alloy.
[0031]
(Comparative Example 2)
16.8% by weight of Cu, 6.2% by weight of Zn (total of 23.0% by weight of Cu and Zn), 6.6% by weight of Si and the balance Was changed to Al so that the molten aluminum alloy was melted under the same conditions as in Example 1 except that it was blended so as to be out of the range of the elemental composition of the aluminum alloy in the present invention (the blending ratio of Zn was small). Obtained. Table 1 shows the properties of the obtained alloy.
[0032]
(Comparative Example 3)
The compounding ratio of Cu is 10.0% by weight, the compounding ratio of Zn is 14.4% by weight (total of compounding ratios of Cu and Zn is 24.4% by weight), the compounding ratio of Si is 7.2% by weight and the balance. Was changed to Al, so that the aluminum alloy in the present invention was blended so as to be out of the range of the elemental composition (the blending ratio of Cu was small and the blending ratio of Zn was in the upper limit of the range). Under the same conditions, a molten aluminum alloy was obtained. Table 1 shows the properties of the obtained alloy.
[0033]
(Comparative Example 4)
14.9% by weight of Cu, 8.1% by weight of Zn (total of 23.0% by weight of Cu and Zn), 6.0% by weight of Si and the balance Was changed to Al so that the aluminum alloy according to the present invention was blended so as to be out of the range of the elemental composition of the aluminum alloy (the blending ratio of Zn was small and the blending ratio of Cu was within the upper limit of the range). Under the same conditions, a molten aluminum alloy was obtained. Table 1 shows the properties of the obtained alloy.
[0034]
(Comparative Example 5)
In order to compare the aluminum alloy of the present invention with a commercially available general aluminum alloy for die casting, an AD12.1 alloy specified in JIS H-2118 was prepared. That is, 30 kg of a raw material in which each element was blended at the blending ratio shown in Table 1 was charged into an electric crucible melting furnace, which was melted to obtain a molten aluminum alloy. Table 1 shows the properties of the obtained alloy.
[0035]
(Comparative Example 6)
In order to compare the aluminum alloy of the present invention with a commercially available aluminum alloy for wear-resistant die casting, an AD14.1 alloy specified in JIS H-2118 was prepared. That is, 30 kg of a raw material in which each element was blended at the blending ratio shown in Table 1 was charged into an electric crucible melting furnace and melted to obtain a molten aluminum alloy. Table 1 shows the properties of the obtained alloy.
[0036]
[Table 1]
Figure 2004131762
[0037]
From Table 1, each of the aluminum alloys obtained in Examples 1 to 5 (hereinafter, referred to as “Example alloys”) has an extremely low specific wear amount as compared with the aluminum alloy obtained in Comparative Example. In comparison with Comparative Example 6 which is a commercially available wear-resistant aluminum alloy for die-casting, it can be seen that the specific wear amount of the example alloy is about one tenth of that of Comparative Example 6. Therefore, it can be said that the example alloy is an aluminum alloy having extremely excellent wear resistance.
[0038]
In addition, it can be seen that the alloys of the examples have a longer flow length and lower liquidus temperatures than the respective aluminum alloys obtained in the comparative examples. In particular, even when compared with Comparative Example 5, which is a commercially available general aluminum alloy for die casting, the alloy of Example has a flow length longer than that of Comparative Example 5 by 10% or more, and a liquidus temperature thereof. It is 32 to 59 ° C. lower than the liquidus temperature of Comparative Example 5. As described above, the alloys of the examples have higher fluidity of the molten metal and lower liquidus temperatures than conventional general commercial alloys. Therefore, it is possible to lower the casting temperature than before, and when casting at the same casting temperature as before, since the molten metal has good flowability, it is possible to cast an extremely thin casting. .
[0039]
The alloys of the examples do not contain nonmetallic hard particles such as silicon carbide and silicon nitride. Therefore, even if the alloys of the examples are recycled, it is not necessary to remove the non-metallic hard particles, and it can be easily estimated that the alloys can be easily recycled.
[0040]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide an aluminum alloy for casting which has excellent wear resistance and can be cast or recycled at a low temperature, and a wear-resistant aluminum alloy casting cast with the alloy.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an explanatory view schematically showing a structure in an aluminum alloy of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing an MIT tester for measuring a flow length used in an example of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
(10) Aluminum alloy (12) Al-Cu phase (14) Al-Zn phase (16) Si phase (20) MIT tester (22) Thermocouple (24) Electric furnace (26) ... Aluminum alloy melt (28) Glass tube heat-resistant tube (30) ... Mercury manometer
(32) Vacuum pump (34) Valve (36) Scale

Claims (2)

Cu:14〜20重量%,Zn:8.5〜15重量%,Si:5〜8重量%を含有し、残部がAl及び不可避不純物とからなることを特徴とする鋳造用耐摩耗性アルミニウム合金。A wear-resistant aluminum alloy for casting containing 14 to 20% by weight of Cu, 8.5 to 15% by weight of Zn and 5 to 8% by weight of Si, with the balance being Al and inevitable impurities. . 請求項1に記載のアルミニウム合金で鋳造されたことを特徴とするアルミニウム合金鋳物。An aluminum alloy casting cast with the aluminum alloy according to claim 1.
JP2002295085A 2002-10-08 2002-10-08 Wear-resistant aluminum alloy for casting and cast aluminum alloy Expired - Lifetime JP3949557B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2002295085A JP3949557B2 (en) 2002-10-08 2002-10-08 Wear-resistant aluminum alloy for casting and cast aluminum alloy

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2002295085A JP3949557B2 (en) 2002-10-08 2002-10-08 Wear-resistant aluminum alloy for casting and cast aluminum alloy

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JP2004131762A true JP2004131762A (en) 2004-04-30
JP3949557B2 JP3949557B2 (en) 2007-07-25

Family

ID=32285449

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP2002295085A Expired - Lifetime JP3949557B2 (en) 2002-10-08 2002-10-08 Wear-resistant aluminum alloy for casting and cast aluminum alloy

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JP3949557B2 (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2006342425A (en) * 2005-05-12 2006-12-21 Daiki Aluminium Industry Co Ltd Aluminum casting alloy and casting of the aluminum alloy, and diecast process using the alloy
JP2008540129A (en) * 2005-05-04 2008-11-20 スターリング エフゲニー How to form a sea cucumber and a sea cucumber

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2008540129A (en) * 2005-05-04 2008-11-20 スターリング エフゲニー How to form a sea cucumber and a sea cucumber
US8459330B2 (en) 2005-05-04 2013-06-11 Evgenij Sterling Method for the production of pigs, and pigs
JP2006342425A (en) * 2005-05-12 2006-12-21 Daiki Aluminium Industry Co Ltd Aluminum casting alloy and casting of the aluminum alloy, and diecast process using the alloy

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP3949557B2 (en) 2007-07-25

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN102676887B (en) Aluminum alloy for compression casting and casting of aluminum alloy
JP5427815B2 (en) Magnesium alloy and manufacturing method thereof
JP5116976B2 (en) Raw brass alloy for semi-fusion gold casting
JP5861254B2 (en) Aluminum alloy casting and manufacturing method thereof
JP5327515B2 (en) Magnesium alloys for casting and magnesium alloy castings
CN109295351B (en) Die-casting aluminum alloy and preparation method and application thereof
US9181606B2 (en) Low lead alloy
JP2013528699A (en) Aluminum die casting alloy
CN102618758A (en) Cast magnesium alloy of low linear shrinkage
TWI500775B (en) Aluminum alloy and manufacturing method thereof
US20120121455A1 (en) Low lead ingot
Qin et al. Microstructure evolution of in situ Mg2Si/Al–Si–Cu composite in semisolid remelting processing
JP5137049B2 (en) Magnesium alloy chip and method for producing molded article using the same
JP6229130B2 (en) Cast aluminum alloy and casting using the same
JP5691477B2 (en) Al-Si alloy and method for producing the same
JP4145242B2 (en) Aluminum alloy for casting, casting made of aluminum alloy and method for producing casting made of aluminum alloy
EP2692883A2 (en) Mg-al-ca-based master alloy for mg alloys, and a production method therefor
JP2008025003A (en) Casting aluminum alloy, and casting of the aluminum alloy
CN112981190A (en) Aluminum alloy for die casting and method for manufacturing cast aluminum alloy using the same
US7201210B2 (en) Casting of aluminum based wrought alloys and aluminum based casting alloys
JP6900199B2 (en) Manufacturing method of aluminum alloy for casting, aluminum alloy casting products and aluminum alloy casting products
JP3949557B2 (en) Wear-resistant aluminum alloy for casting and cast aluminum alloy
Sumida et al. Solidification microstructure, thermal properties and hardness of magnesium alloy 20 mass% Gd added AZ91D
JP5590413B2 (en) High thermal conductivity magnesium alloy
CN100557054C (en) Contain creep resistance Dow metal of Si and C and preparation method thereof

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
A621 Written request for application examination

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A621

Effective date: 20050405

A977 Report on retrieval

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A971007

Effective date: 20070313

TRDD Decision of grant or rejection written
A01 Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model)

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01

Effective date: 20070327

A61 First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure)

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61

Effective date: 20070418

R150 Certificate of patent or registration of utility model

Ref document number: 3949557

Country of ref document: JP

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150

FPAY Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database)

Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20110427

Year of fee payment: 4

R250 Receipt of annual fees

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250

FPAY Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database)

Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20120427

Year of fee payment: 5

R250 Receipt of annual fees

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250

FPAY Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database)

Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20120427

Year of fee payment: 5

S531 Written request for registration of change of domicile

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R313531

FPAY Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database)

Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20120427

Year of fee payment: 5

R350 Written notification of registration of transfer

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R350

FPAY Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database)

Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20130427

Year of fee payment: 6

R250 Receipt of annual fees

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250

FPAY Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database)

Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20130427

Year of fee payment: 6

FPAY Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database)

Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20140427

Year of fee payment: 7

R250 Receipt of annual fees

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250

R250 Receipt of annual fees

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250

R250 Receipt of annual fees

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250

R250 Receipt of annual fees

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250

R250 Receipt of annual fees

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250

R250 Receipt of annual fees

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250

R250 Receipt of annual fees

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250

R250 Receipt of annual fees

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250

R250 Receipt of annual fees

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250

R250 Receipt of annual fees

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250

EXPY Cancellation because of completion of term