JP2004100372A - Demolition method and demolition device for structure - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a demolition device and demolition method for a structure that can shorten a demolition time, reduces failures owing to structural simplicity, and are applicable even to a single wall structure. <P>SOLUTION: The demolition device 10 has an upper member 12 suspended in a tiltable fashion by lifting/lowering means 68, a housing 16 mounted in a rotatable fashion on the upper member 12, and a breaker 22 mounted in a displaceable fashion on the housing 16. When the demolition device 10 is suspended in a structure (inner structure 60), and the breaker 22 is displaced relative to the housing 16 to bring the housing 16 and the breaker 22 into contact with the inner structure 60, the housing 16 is fixed. With the housing 16 fixed, the breaker 22 can break the structure. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for dismantling a structure from the inside.
[0002]
[Prior art]
2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, waste incinerators such as chimneys generally have a double structure of an external structure made of concrete and the like and an internal structure made of bricks and the like, and the outer wall of those internal structures and The connecting member is connected to the inner wall of the outer structure. In waste incinerators such as chimneys, a large amount of dioxin adheres to internal structures, but dioxin does not adhere to external structures. The internal structure to which a large amount of dioxin adheres is first dismantled while leaving the external structure, and after removing the disassembled internal structure, the external structure is disassembled.
[0003]
Conventionally, when disassembling the internal structure of a chimney, a gondola carrying a worker is suspended inside the chimney, and a worker in the gondola destroys the internal structure using a destroyer. However, because dust containing a large amount of dioxin can enter the chimney by destroying internal structures, workers in the gondola wear airline masks such as those used by divers and astronauts, and Air was externally blown into the line mask via an air tube. However, if the operator on the gondola wears the air line mask and introduces air into the air line mask from outside through an air pipe, the workability is extremely poor, and the air line mask and air pipe may be damaged. In such a case, there is a problem that the worker falls into a dangerous state. In addition, there is a risk that the bricks constituting the internal structure may collapse during the dismantling work of the internal structure, and when the worker enters the chimney and works, a great danger may be given to the worker. .
[0004]
As a solution to this problem, a method for dismantling a waste incineration apparatus and an apparatus capable of destroying an internal structure without allowing a worker to enter a waste incineration apparatus such as a chimney are disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2002-110,197. 2002-213730. FIGS. 6 and 7 show a dismantling device of this waste incinerator. Here, the incineration waste is a chimney 66 having an internal structure 60, an external structure 62, and a support member 64 connecting them. Elevating means 68 such as a winch is installed on the ground, a wire 70 from the elevating means 68 is hung on a roller 74 provided on a beam 72, a hook 76 is attached to the tip of the wire 70, and waste incineration is performed on the hook 76. The dismantling device 78 of the device is suspended.
[0005]
The disassembly device 78 has a suspension member 84 including an upper member 80 and a tubular member 82 fixed below the upper member 80, and hooks the hook 76 on a wire 86 attached to an upper portion of the upper member 80. A shaft 88 is vertically rotatably held through the inside of the tubular member 82 so as to be rotatable with respect to the tubular member 82 (the suspension member 80). The shaft 88 is rotated by a motor 90 provided on the upper member 80, a gear 92 fixed to the motor 90, and a gear 94 fixed to the shaft 88. A crusher 96 for crushing the internal structure 60 is attached to a lower end of the shaft 88.
[0006]
A plurality of position fixing means 98a and 98b are attached to the upper and lower parts of the cylindrical member 82, respectively. The position fixing means 98a, 98b are fixed to the distal ends of the hydraulic cylinders 100a, 100b fixed to the cylindrical member 82 and the rods 102a, 102b of the hydraulic cylinders 100a, 100b. Slide members 104a and 104b that can move up and down along the axis, swing members 106a and 106b that are swingably attached to the cylindrical member 82, and intermediate positions of the swing members 106a and 106b and the rods 102a and 102b. It comprises connecting arms 108a and 108b attached to the distal ends and contact members 110a and 110b fixed to the distal ends of the swinging members 106a and 106b.
[0007]
When disassembling the internal structure 60, the plurality of hydraulic cylinders 100a and 100b are operated to extend the rods 102a and 102b upward to open the free ends of the swing members 106a and 106b outward, and The contact members 110a and 110b at the tips of 106a and 106b are brought into contact with the inner wall of the external structure 62. As a result, the suspension member 80 is fixed to the external structure 62. By setting the suspension member 80 holding the crusher 96 in a fixed state with respect to the external structure 62, the crusher 96 can be operated to destroy the internal structure 60. Further, by operating the motor 90, the crusher 96 can be rotated by 360 degrees with respect to the internal structure 60. Therefore, the internal structure 60 at a position substantially at the same height as the crusher 96 can be rotated by 360 degrees. Over a crusher 96.
[0008]
After the internal structure 60 having substantially the same height is destroyed by the crusher 96, the contact members 110a and 110b are disconnected from the inner wall of the external structure 62, and the internal structure 60 is dismantled to the tip position of the internal structure 60 to be destroyed next. The device 78 is lowered and brought into contact with the inner wall of the external structure 62 of the contact members 110a and 110b again, thereby fixing the suspension member 80 to the external structure 62. Thereafter, the crusher 96 is operated again to destroy the internal structure 60. By repeating such a procedure, the internal structure 60 can be broken down and disassembled in order from top to bottom.
The dismantling device 78 shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 eliminates the need for the worker to enter the chimney 66 when the chimney 66 is dismantled, and can ensure the safety of the worker.
[0009]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In this dismantling device 78, the mechanism of the position fixing means 98a, 98b for contacting the contact members 110a, 110b with the inner wall of the external structure 62 is complicated, so that there is a disadvantage that the manufacturing cost of the dismantling device 78 is increased. Was. Further, since the mechanism of the position fixing means 98a, 98b is complicated, there is a possibility of failure, and there is a problem that maintenance and inspection are expensive.
[0010]
Furthermore, in this dismantling device 78, in order to destroy the internal structure 60, it was necessary to fix the hanging member 80 and the external structure 62 via the position fixing means 98a and 98b. That is, although the dismantling device 78 can destroy the inner internal structure 60 of the double structure, the single structure cannot fix the hanging member 80, so that the single structure Could not be destroyed.
[0011]
The present invention has been made in view of these points, and provides a structure dismantling apparatus and a method for dismantling a structure which can be shortened in dismantling time, has a simple structure, has few failures, and can be applied to a single structure. Aim.
[0012]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, a method for dismantling a structure according to the present invention is a method for dismantling a structure in a state where a dismantling device equipped with a crusher is hung inside the structure, wherein the dismantling device includes: On the other hand, the dismantling device is tilted by displacing the crushing machine, and the crushing machine is operated in a state where the crushing machine and the dismantling device are in contact with the structure to destroy the structure. is there.
[0013]
A dismantling device for a structure according to the present invention includes an upper member that is suspended by a lifting means so as to be tiltable, a housing that is rotatably mounted on the upper member, and a crusher that is displaceably mounted on the housing. The crusher is displaced with respect to the housing so that the upper member and the housing are inclined.
[0014]
First Embodiment of the Invention
Next, the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a structure dismantling apparatus according to the present invention. 1, the same reference numerals as those in FIG. 6 indicate the same members. The disassembly apparatus 10 mainly includes an upper member 12, a wire 14 as a suspended member fixed at both ends to the upper member 12, a housing 16 rotatable relative to the upper member 12, It has a direction rotating means 18 for rotating the position of the housing 16 with respect to 12, a link mechanism 20 attached to the housing 16, and a breaker 22 as a crusher provided at the tip of the link mechanism 20. The wire 14 having both ends fixed to the upper member 12 is hung on a hook 76 attached to a tip of a wire 70 of the elevating means 68 such as a winch. The hook 76 is set so as not to rotate with respect to the chimney 66, and the upper member 12 is set so as not to rotate with respect to the hook 76.
[0015]
A shaft 24 is fixed to an upper portion of the housing 16, and the shaft 24 penetrates the upper member 12 and protrudes higher than the upper member 12. The shaft 24 is rotatable with respect to the upper member 12 and is It is attached. The direction rotating means 18 is a gear 26 fixed to the upper part of the shaft 24, a motor 28 fixed to the upper surface of the upper member 12, and fixed to a tip of a shaft 30 of the motor 28. It comprises a gear 26 and a gear 32 that meshes. By operating the motor 28, its rotational force is transmitted to the shaft 24, and the shaft 24 (the housing 16) is rotated within a range of 360 degrees with respect to the upper member 12. The motor 28 is operated by a remote control by an operator on the ground or on a scaffold (not shown).
[0016]
As shown in FIG. 2, the housing 16 is formed, for example, in a columnar shape, and a space 34 is provided therein. The space 34 is diametrically penetrated from one side to the other side on the cylindrical side surface, and extends from the lower end to the vicinity of the upper end. At a lower end position of the housing 16, a connecting portion 36 for blocking the space 34 is formed at one end of the space 34 penetrating therethrough. A support member 38 is provided at an upper portion in the space 34, and the link mechanism 20 is attached to the support member 38, and the breaker 22 is attached to a tip of the link mechanism 20. Although the connecting portion 36 serves to increase the strength of the housing 16 and prevent deformation of the housing 16, the connecting portion 36 may or may not be provided. Further, the housing 16 is not limited to a cylindrical shape.
[0017]
FIG. 1 shows a state in which the link mechanism 20 and the breaker 22 are housed in the space 34 of the housing 16. In the state shown in FIG. 1, the center line C of the shaft 24 fixed to the housing 16 is set so as to pass through the center of gravity G of the weight of the entire disassembling apparatus 10, and the center line C is oriented vertically. The wire 14, both ends of which are fixed to the upper member 12, is hooked on a hook 76 at a position at the center of its length.
[0018]
The link mechanism 20 has a first arm 40 pivotally attached at one end to a support member 38, and has one end pivotally attached to the other end of the first arm 40 and the breaker 22 at the other end. Of the first arm 40 with respect to the support member 38, a first hydraulic cylinder 44 as operating means for adjusting the swing angle of the first arm 40 with respect to the support member 38, and a second arm 42 with respect to the first arm 40. It comprises a second hydraulic cylinder 45 as an operating means for adjusting the swing angle, and a third hydraulic cylinder 46 as an operating means for adjusting the swing angle of the breaker 22 with respect to the second arm 42. The operation of the first hydraulic cylinder 44 and the third hydraulic cylinder 46 is also operated by a remote control by an operator on the ground or on a scaffold.
[0019]
In addition, a television camera 48 and a projector 50 that can swing freely are provided above the space 34 of the housing 16. The television camera 48 and the light projector 50 are for projecting and projecting the crushed portion of the structure by the breaker 22, and the television camera 48 and the light projector 50 are also remotely controlled by an operator on the ground or on a scaffold. Operated by
[0020]
Next, a case where the internal structure 60 of the chimney 66 is dismantled using the dismantling device 10 of the present invention will be described. With the link mechanism 20 and the breaker 22 housed in the space 34 of the housing 16 as shown in FIG. 1, the elevating means 68 is operated to lower the dismantling device 10 into the internal structure 60 of the chimney 66 (FIG. 3). At this time, the tip of the internal structure 60 is checked by the television camera 48. When the position of the breaker 22 is lowered slightly below the tip of the internal structure 60, the lowering of the dismantling device 10 is stopped, and the first hydraulic cylinder 44, the second hydraulic cylinder 45, and the third hydraulic cylinder 46 are operated, The breaker 22 is projected outward from the space 34 of the housing 16. Since the dismantling device 10 is hung on the hook 76 via the wire 14 having both ends fixed to the upper member 12, the dismantling device 10 maintains the balance of the center of gravity by the movement of the breaker 22, as shown in FIG. Incline. In the state where the dismantling device 10 is inclined, the position of the center of gravity G of the dismantling device 10 moves toward the breaker 22 from the center line C of the shaft 24, and the connecting portion 36 at the lower end of the housing 16 is opposite to the projecting direction of the breaker 22. Move in the direction.
[0021]
By making the breaker 22 protrude greatly from the space 34 of the housing 16 toward the outside, the breaker 22 comes into contact with the inner wall of the internal structure 60, and the communication portion 36 at the lower end of the housing 16 is connected to the inner wall of the internal structure 60. Contact. One of the breaker 22 and the connecting portion 36 contacts the inner wall of the internal structure 60 first, and thereafter, the first hydraulic cylinder 44 and the first hydraulic cylinder 44 are moved in the direction in which the breaker 22 projects outward from the space 34 of the housing 16 to the outside. By operating the second hydraulic cylinder 45 and the third hydraulic cylinder 46, both the breaker 22 and the connecting portion 36 of the housing 16 can be brought into contact with the inner wall of the internal structure 60.
[0022]
When both the connecting portion 36 of the housing 16 and the breaker 22 contact the inner wall of the internal structure 60, the housing 16 is fixed to the internal structure 60. Thus, the force of the breaker 22 supported by the housing 16 can be transmitted to the internal structure 60 only after the housing 16 is fixed. As described above, by operating both the connecting portion 36 of the housing 16 and the breaker 22 with the inner wall of the internal structure 60 to operate the breaker 22, the internal structure 60 can be broken by the breaker 22.
[0023]
After the breaker 22 destroys the internal structure 60 at the same height by 360 degrees, the first hydraulic cylinder 44 and the third hydraulic cylinder 46 are operated to move the breaker 22 in a direction to accommodate the breaker 22 in the space 34 of the housing 16. . As a result, both the breaker 22 and the connecting portion 36 of the housing 16 do not come into contact with the inner wall of the internal structure 60. Thereafter, by operating the motor 28 attached to the upper member 12, the housing 16 can rotate with respect to the upper member 12, and the internal structure 60 having substantially the same height as the breaker 22 is rotated by 360 ° by the breaker 22. Can be destroyed.
[0024]
After the internal structure 60 having a predetermined height is destroyed by 360 degrees, the dismantling device 10 is lowered to the tip position of the internal structure 60 to be destroyed next, and the breaker 22 and the connecting portion 36 of the housing 16 are again connected to the internal structure. 60, and the breaker 22 is activated to destroy the internal structure 60. By repeating such a procedure, the internal structure 60 can be disassembled in order from top to bottom.
[0025]
In the present invention, the housing 16 and the breaker 22 are fixed to the structure (when the structure is broken) or released (moving the dismantling device 10 in the vertical direction or rotating the housing 16 of the dismantling device 10). Is performed by moving the position of the breaker 22 with respect to the housing 16. Since the link mechanism 20 for displacing the breaker 22 with respect to the housing 16 in the present invention has a simple structure as compared with a conventional mechanism, the dismantling device 10 can be manufactured at low cost. The movement of the breaker 22 with respect to the housing 16 by the link mechanism 20 is simple and can be performed in a shorter time than the conventional one. Therefore, according to the present invention, the rotation time of the housing 16 of the dismantling device 10 and the moving time of the dismantling device 10 in the vertical direction can be reduced as compared with the conventional one, and the overall operation time can be greatly reduced. .
[0026]
Second Embodiment of the Invention
FIG. 3 illustrates an example in which the internal structure 60 of the chimney 66 (double structure) including the internal structure 60 and the external structure 62 is disassembled. However, in the present invention, after the internal structure 60 is disassembled. The external structure 62 (single structure) can also be dismantled. Here, an embodiment in which the external structure 62 (single structure) is dismantled will be described with reference to FIG. Since the inner diameter of the outer structure 62 is larger than the inner diameter of the inner structure 60, there is a possibility that the breaker 22 and the housing 16 do not come into contact with the outer structure 62 even when the breaker 22 is made to protrude from the space 34 of the housing 16 to the maximum. In this case, as shown in FIG. 4, a contact arm 52 is fixed to the lower portion of the housing 16 as a contact means projecting outward and downward in the radial direction. The contact arm 52 is detachable from the housing 16. By fixing the contact arm 52 to the lower portion of the housing 16, the contact arm 52 (housing 16) and the breaker 22 can contact the external structure 62, and the external structure 62 (single structure) can be disassembled. It can be carried out. In addition, the disassembly apparatus 10 of the present invention can be used for a single structure of any size by using a housing 16 having a different size or a link mechanism 20 having a different length in accordance with the inner diameter of the structure. can do.
[0027]
Another example of dismantling the external structure 62 (single structure) will be described with reference to FIG. The contact arm 52 shown in FIG. 4 may not be applicable to an external structure 62 having a different inner diameter. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 5, a hydraulic cylinder 54 as a contact means is attached to the lower side of the housing 16. The hydraulic cylinder 54 protrudes outside the housing, and can change the position of the tip protruding outside the housing. By attaching the hydraulic cylinder 54 to the housing 16, the hydraulic cylinder 54 (housing 16) can be brought into contact with the external structure 62 (single structure) even if the inner diameter of the external structure 62 is variously different. . The hydraulic cylinder 54 may be mounted on the housing 16 so as to be rotatable about a shaft 56, and the housing 16 may be provided with a tilt angle adjusting means 58 for adjusting the tilt angle of the hydraulic cylinder 54 with respect to the housing 16. . Thereby, the hydraulic cylinder 54 (housing 16) can be more reliably brought into contact with the inner wall of the outer structure 62 having a different inner diameter. The tilt angle adjusting means 58 may be any conventionally known means, and does not require a special structure.
[0028]
As the crusher, a breaker 22 for breaking a structure as shown in FIGS. 1, 3 and 4 from the side may be used, but instead of the breaker 22, an upper part of the structure as shown in FIG. Therefore, a crusher 59 that breaks the structure with both surfaces thereof interposed therebetween may be used. The crusher is preferably the breaker 22 or the crusher 59, but is not limited thereto.
[0029]
While the conventional dismantling device can dismantle only the inner structure of the double structure composed of the inner structure and the outer structure, the dismantling device of the present invention uses the breaker 22 or the like for the structure. Since the crusher 59 and the housing 16 are simultaneously brought into contact with each other, the crusher 59 can be applied not only to a double structure but also to a disassembly of a single structure. The present invention is not limited to chimneys and other waste incinerators, but may be applied to any apparatus in which a dismantling device 10 is suspended from above the structure and dismantled by a crusher from the inside of the structure. Can be applied.
[0030]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the structure dismantling method and the dismantling device according to the present invention, the crusher and the housing are brought into contact with the inner wall of the structure, and the housing holding the crusher is fixed to the structure. Thus, the structure can be destroyed by the crusher. As a result, in the present invention, the fixing of the housing and the crusher to the structure and the release of the fixation can be easily performed, so that the dismantling operation time of the structure can be greatly reduced as compared with the conventional one. Further, according to the present invention, since the link mechanism for displacing the crusher with respect to the housing can have a simple structure, the manufacturing cost of the dismantling device can be reduced as compared with the conventional one, and furthermore, the maintenance management of the dismantling device, etc. Becomes easier. Further, in the present invention, since the crusher and the housing are brought into contact with the inner wall of the structure to be dismantled, the invention can be applied to dismantling of a single structure.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing an embodiment of a structure dismantling apparatus according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a housing used in FIG.
FIG. 3 is a sectional view showing a state in which a structure is destroyed by the dismantling apparatus according to the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing another embodiment of the structure dismantling apparatus according to the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a sectional view showing another embodiment of the structure dismantling device according to the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing one embodiment of a conventional structure dismantling apparatus.
FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of a main part of FIG. 7;
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Dismantling apparatus 12 Upper member 14 Wire 16 Housing 22 Breaker 52 Contact arm 54 Hydraulic cylinder 58 Inclination angle adjusting means 59 Crusher 60 Internal structure 62 External structure 66 Chimney 68 Elevating means

Claims (5)

A method for dismantling a structure in a state where a dismantling device equipped with a crusher is suspended inside a structure, wherein the dismantling device is inclined by displacing the crusher with respect to the dismantling device, A dismantling method for a structure, wherein the structure is destroyed by operating the crusher while the crusher and the dismantling device are in contact with the structure. An upper member which is suspended by the elevating means so as to be tiltable, a housing rotatably mounted on the upper member, and a crusher movably mounted on the housing, wherein the crusher is provided in the housing. Wherein the upper member and the housing are inclined by being displaced with respect to the structure. 3. An apparatus for dismantling a structure according to claim 2, wherein said housing is provided with contact means protruding outward from said housing. 4. The structure dismantling device according to claim 3, wherein the contact means is capable of changing a position of a tip protruding outside the housing. 4. The structure according to claim 3, wherein said contact means is rotatably mounted on said housing, and tilt angle adjusting means for adjusting a tilt angle of said contact means with respect to said housing is mounted on said housing. Demolition device.

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