JP2004073059A - Root cutter for root vegetable harvester - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To slide a root vegetable part and to send the root vegetable part to disk cutters without damaging the root vegetable part, in a root vegetable harvester with which fibrous roots growing on the undersurface of the root vegetable part are cut by the disk cutters in a process for nipping a root vegetable crop by belts, pulling out, hanging and transporting the root vegetable crop. <P>SOLUTION: In the root vegetable harvester with which the fibrous roots growing on the undersurface of the root vegetable part are cut with leaving fixed root lengths by a root cutter 25 which is energized upward and vertically movably arranged, in a process in which a leaf and stem part 3a of the root vegetable crop planted in a field is nipped by a nipping and transporting apparatus 9 which is slantingly installed with rising backward, and the root vegetable part is pulled out and transported backward, the root cutter for the root vegetable harvester has the following constitution. The cutter is constituted by arranging two disk cutters 29 which are brought into contact with the undersurface of the root vegetable part while securing cut root length, crossed and horizontally rotated at both sides of a transportation route. A guide disc 55 is installed ahead each disk cutter, and is horizontally rotated and brought into contact with both side undersurfaces of the root of the root vegetable part and sends the root vegetable part to the disk cutters. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a root cutting device provided in a root vegetable harvesting machine that harvests root vegetable crops having beards on the bottom surface of root vegetables such as garlic, onion, lily root and carrot.
[0002]
[Prior art]
This root vegetable crop vegetated in the field is pulled out from the ground by holding the leaf stem portion of the root vegetable crop with a pair of left and right belts whose opposite surfaces rotate backward in a plane inclined backward. While hanging the extracted root vegetables and transporting it upward afterwards, the root cutting device consisting of two disk cutters provided in the middle of the transport cuts the beard growing on the bottom of the root vegetables (hereinafter, root). In addition, a root vegetable harvesting machine that cuts and harvests a leaf stem by using a leaf stem cutting device is known (JP-A-2001-69833).
[0003]
In this case, if the roots are left for a long time, it is difficult to perform the subsequent processing, and since the air permeability is poor and drying after harvesting is hindered, cutting with a short length is required (so-called zero cut). . For this reason, it is necessary to make the cutter act as close as possible to the root vegetables, and for this, it is necessary to strictly control the relative height between the cutter and the root vegetables acting on the cutter. Therefore, the upper surface (shoulder) of the root vegetable portion is pressed by a roller or the like while being conveyed by the nipping conveyance device, so that the height is made constant.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, since the size of the root vegetable portion varies, the distance between the cutter and the bottom surface of the root vegetable portion is not constant on the basis of the above-mentioned shoulder, and it has been impossible to always perform zero cut stably. Therefore, the present applicant has proposed a bottom-based method in which the root cutting device is configured to be able to move up and down by urging the root cutting device upward, and the predetermined member is applied to the bottom surface of the root vegetable portion to determine the height of the cutter. (Japanese Patent Application No. 2001-175326).
[0005]
The present invention is a further improvement of this, while employing a bottom reference when cutting the root, at this time, while preventing the root vegetable portion from scratching the bottom surface of the root vegetable portion so as not to rub against the fixing member, At the same time, the cutting performance is improved by favorably feeding the root vegetables to the cutter.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In view of the above-mentioned problems, the present invention holds the leaf stem portion of a root vegetable crop vegetated in a field with the holding conveyance device obliquely arranged at the front low and the high height and pulls out the root vegetable portion. In the root vegetable harvesting machine that cuts the root growing on the bottom surface of the root vegetable section with a predetermined cutting root length by a root cutting device that is urged upward and provided to be movable up and down in the process of being conveyed backward, The cutting device is composed of two disk cutters that are in contact with the bottom surface of the root vegetable section while securing the cutting root length, and that intersect and rotate horizontally on both sides of the transport path, and in front of each disk cutter. And a root cutting device for a root vegetable harvesting machine, wherein an induction disk is provided for horizontally rotating and contacting the bottom surfaces of both sides of the root of the root vegetable portion and feeding the root vegetable portion to a disk cutter.
[0007]
By the above means, that is, in front of the disk cutter, a guide disk is provided which is horizontally rotated and comes into contact with the bottom surface of the root vegetable portion and feeds the root vegetable portion to the disk cutter. By acting on the bottom surface of the root vegetable portion, the root vegetable portion is not slipped with respect to the fixing member, and is not damaged. Therefore, there is no transfer delay due to the frictional resistance of the slip, so that the root posture is upright and the cutting property is improved.
[0008]
In this case, an anti-scratch cover for preventing the root vegetables from being damaged is attached to the upper surface of each of the disk cutter and the guide disk according to claim 2, and these anti-scratch covers contact the bottom surface of the root vegetables. If the length of the cut root is secured, the transfer of the root vegetables from the guide disk to the disk cutter is ensured, and no damage is caused at the time of contact. Further, by adjusting the thickness of the scratch-proof cover, the cutting root length can be set arbitrarily. Furthermore, if protrusions are formed on the outer periphery of the guide disk, which enter the rotation trajectory of each other, the root extending between the guide disks is also sent to the disk cutter together, Reliable cutting can be expected.
[0009]
Further, a second pinching and conveying device is provided above the guide disk and the disc cutter, which carries over the conveyance of the leaf stem from the pinching and conveying device and conveys it in the rear horizontal direction. The root crop is vertically and vertically stretched by the nipping and transporting of the leaf stem by the second nipping and transporting apparatus and the nipping and transporting of the root by the root nipping and transporting apparatus. The roots are transported in a state of being cut, so that the root can be cut easily.
[0010]
In addition, if a guide roller that can rotate substantially vertically in contact with the bottom surface of the root vegetables to be conveyed is provided on both sides of the conveyance path in front of the guide disk according to the fifth aspect of the present invention, The height is set, and the subsequent height setting is facilitated. At this time, if a plurality of guide rollers are provided at a higher position toward the rear as described in claim 6, this is more reliably achieved. Become. Further, if a mud dropping device for dropping mud attached to the root is provided in front of the guide roller as described in claim 7, the mud attached to the root is dropped when acting on the guide roller. Therefore, the operation of the guide roller is further ensured.
[0011]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 8 is a side view of a root vegetable harvesting machine showing an example of the present invention. This root vegetable harvesting machine (hereinafter referred to as a harvester) has a crawler-type traveling device 1 and has a self-propelled vehicle body having a self-propelling function. (Machine) 2. It was mentioned above that root crops 3 such as garlic are planted on ridges. However, this harvester first pulls the root crop 3b together with the leaf stem 3a of the root crop 3 and suspends it. While transporting rearward and upward while maintaining the lowered posture, the root 3c and the leaf stem 3a growing on the bottom surface of the root vegetable section 3b are cut, and the remaining root vegetable section 3b is harvested. This is performed while traveling in the direction along the ridge.
[0012]
To do so, the leaf stem 3a to be harvested by the leaf splitting device 5 that rotates the tine 4 backward in the vertical plane of the rear slope and the leaf stem 3a that is not harvested are separated, and the tines that rotate backward in the plane of the rear slope are separated. Only the leaf stem 3a to be harvested is scraped backward by a scraping device 7 consisting of 6. The leaf stem 3a scraped by the scraping device 7 is composed of a pair of belts 8 that rotate rearward together with the leaf stem 3a sandwiched between opposing surfaces in a rear inclined plane provided behind the leaf stem 3a. The root vegetables 3b are pulled out of the ground by being held by the holding and conveying device 9. At this time, a vibrating device 11 is provided below the start end of the nipping and conveying device 9 so that the subsoiler 10 is inserted into the soil to loosen the soil around the root vegetables 3b. Withdrawal becomes possible without strengthening.
[0013]
The extracted root vegetable portion 3b is transported rearward and upward by the pinch transport device 9 together with the leaf stem portion 3a. At this time, the root vegetable crop 3 is suspended almost vertically by the pinch transport device 9. Posture. Note that the pinching position of the leaf stem portion 3a depends on the height of the starting end of the pinching / conveying device 9, and this height needs to be changed as appropriate. Therefore, the holding and conveying device 9 and a shoulder aligning device, a root cutting device, a leaf stem cutting device, and the like, which will be described later, are configured in a single rear set 12, and the rear set 12 is mounted on a fulcrum shaft 13 provided on the body 2 of the body 2. It rotates around up and down for adjustment.
[0014]
The height of the rear set 12, that is, the height of the starting end of the holding and conveying device 9 is adjusted by adjusting the height of the gauge wheel 14 provided at the front of the body 2 and traveling on the ridge bottom. In the middle of the holding and conveying device 9, there is provided a shoulder aligning device 17 having two rollers 15 and 16 that are rotated counterclockwise in FIG. 8, and the rollers 15 and 16 are provided for the root vegetables 3b being conveyed. Press down on the shoulder and press it down to the required height. In addition, in this example, a front shoulder aligning device 19 having a plurality of rotatable rollers 18 is also provided in front of the shoulder aligning device 17, and the shoulder of the root vegetable portion 3b before reaching the shoulder aligning device 17 is provided. Hold it down to a predetermined height. In addition, a pair of left and right guide rods 20 for guiding the leaf stem portion 3a and the root vegetable portion 3b to the roller 18 # are provided in front of the front shoulder aligning device 19.
[0015]
Behind and below the shoulder aligning device 17, there is provided a mud removing device 22 having a pair of left and right rotating bodies 21 installed and rotated substantially parallel to the belt 8 of the holding and conveying device 9, and the root-aligned root vegetables are aligned. Acts on 3b and root 3c to remove mud attached to it. Further, in this example, a front muddy device 24 having a rotating body 23 rotated clockwise in FIG. 4 is provided in front of the muddy device 22 and below the shoulder alignment device 17. And acts on the bottom surface of the root vegetable section 3b and the root 3c before reaching to remove the mud attached thereto.
[0016]
In addition to the above, the rear set 12 of the present example further includes a root cutting device 25 for cutting the root 3c and a second nipping and conveying device that takes over the nipping and conveying of the leaf stem 3a from the nipping and conveying device 9 and guides the root to the root cutting device 25. 26, a leaf stem cutting device 27 for cutting the leaf stem 3a, a leaf discharging device 28 for discharging the leaf stem 3a after cutting, and the like are provided. Among them, the root cutting device 25 is mainly composed of two disk cutters 29 that intersect and rotate in a substantially horizontal plane, and cuts the root 3c from which mud has been dropped by the mud removing device 22. The present invention relates to the root cutting device 25, the details of which will be described later.
[0017]
The second nipping / conveying device 26 is mainly composed of two belts 30 which are located in front of and above the root cutting device 25 and whose opposing surfaces rotate backward in a substantially horizontal plane. , And is transported rearward, and guided to the disk cutter 29 of the root cutting device 25. At this time, the belt 30 of the second nipping and conveying device 26 holds the leaf stem portion 3a immediately above the root vegetable portion 3b from which the root 3c is cut, and ensures this cutting.
[0018]
The stem cutting device 27 is mainly composed of two cutters 31 which are located above and behind the root cutting device 25 and rotate in a substantially horizontal plane while intersecting with each other. The root cutting device 25 cuts the root 3c. The leaf stem 3a of the root vegetables 3b is cut to a predetermined length. The leaf discharging device 28 mainly includes a belt 32 that is provided above the leaf stem cutting device 27 and whose opposing surfaces rotate backward in a substantially horizontal plane. The leaf discharging device 28 sandwiches a relatively upper portion of the leaf stem 3a. Then, it is transferred from the leaf stem cutting device 27 to the rear thereof. The cut leaf stem 3a is released to the field.
[0019]
The root vegetable crop 3 vegetated in the field in this way is cut into a predetermined length in the root 3c and the leaf stem 3a during the harvesting process, and is shaped into a root vegetable 3b as a main body. The mud adhering to the root vegetables 3b and the roots 3c is also harvested in a dropped state. Then, the root vegetable section 3b thus arranged is dropped and stored in a container 33 mounted on the rear part of the machine body 2. The root crop 3c harvested as described above is dried until it has a predetermined water content, and the root 3c and the leaf stem 3a are prepared again and shipped.
[0020]
By the way, if it supplements about the above-mentioned shoulder alignment device 17 and the mud-dropping device 22, FIG. 4 is an enlarged side view thereof, FIG. 5 is a plan view, FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB of FIG. 4, wherein the shoulder aligning device 17 is rotatably fitted to a mounting shaft 34 fixed to the body 2, and is held by mounting arms 35 and 36 extending forward and backward. It consists of two rollers 15 and 16. In this case, the rollers 15 and 16 are forcibly rotated. In this example, the configuration of the rollers 15 and 16 is such that the driving roller 37 is pressed against and driven against the lower surface of the nipping and conveying device 9 on the side opposite to the belt 8. , 38 extend the rollers 15, 16 to the other side.
[0021]
According to this configuration, since the opposing surfaces of the belt 8 are both directed rearward, the oppositely opposing surfaces are directed forward, and the driving rollers 37 and 38 and the rollers 15 and 16 pressed against the lower surface of FIG. Will rotate counterclockwise. Therefore, the lower outer peripheral surface serving as a pressing surface (working surface) against the root vegetable portion 3b plays a role of pushing the root vegetable portion 3b backward to complement the conveyance. At this time, the peripheral speeds of the rollers 15 and 16 are set to be substantially equal to the moving speed of the belt 8 of the nipping and conveying device 9 so that even when the shoulder of the root vegetable section 3b is pressed, its hanging posture is not changed. I have.
[0022]
The above set is provided as a pair of right and left, and the rollers 15 and 16 are symmetrically arranged at predetermined intervals with the conveyance path 39 interposed therebetween. In this case, the two drive rollers 37 and 38 have different diameters before and after (the rear roller 38 is larger, but the rollers 15 and 16 are the same and are shared). The distance from the belt 8 to the lower outer peripheral surface of the roller 16 is longer at the rear roller 16 than at the front roller 15.
[0023]
Accordingly, with the movement of the leaf stem portion 3a which is nipped by the belt 8 and transported backward, first, the outer periphery of the front roller 15 hits both shoulders of the root vegetable portion 3b and pushes it down by a predetermined amount. Next, the outer periphery of the rear roller 16 comes into contact with both shoulders of the root vegetable portion 3b, which is further pushed down by a predetermined amount. In this manner, by pushing down the root vegetable portion 3b by a predetermined amount (to be able to do this for all root vegetable portions 3b of different sizes and underground depths, the clamping position by the belt 8 and the length to the root vegetable portion 3b are (The length is set shorter than the length), and the height is adjusted. In this case, the push-down is performed twice, so that the push-down amount per one time is small, the acting force is small, and the push-down is reliable. , Height alignment becomes accurate.
[0024]
In order to make this possible, the leaf stem 3a must slip down from the belt 8 of the nipping / conveying device 9. However, since the belt 8 is made of an elastic material and elastically clamps the leaf stem 3a with an appropriate clamping force. , Which makes this downhill possible. Further, since the rollers 15 and 16 also remove the mud attached to the shoulder of the root vegetable portion 3b when performing the above operation, the rollers 15 and 16 also serve as mud removal. In particular, since the root vegetable section 3b such as garlic is completely buried in the ground, if it is forcibly pulled out, a large amount of mud adheres to its shoulder. Therefore, it is very important to remove this mud in order to satisfactorily cut the root 3c and the leaf stem 3a thereafter. The rollers 15 and 16 at this time are made of a soft member such as rubber or resin so as not to damage the rollers 15 and 16 because the outer peripheries of the rollers 15 and 16 correspond to both shoulders of the root vegetable portion 3b.
[0025]
As described above, the root vegetable portion 3b coming out of the rear roller 16 has a constant suspension length from the belt 8, that is, a state in which the height is uniform, and is sent to the subsequent root cutting device 25 and the like. The set height is set by the diameters of the rollers 15 and 16 and the mounting positions thereof. Since the size and the like of the root vegetables 3b vary depending on the type, time, region, and the like, in this example, the mounting shaft is used. In order to cope with this, the mounting position of the body 34 with respect to the body 2 can be adjusted vertically and horizontally.
[0026]
Further, regarding the mud-dropping device 22, the mud-dropping device 22 has a pair of left and right first rotating shafts 40 arranged at a position below the belt 8 of the nipping and conveying device 9 in parallel with the belt 8 with the conveying path 39 interposed therebetween. Then, the first rotating body 21 is mounted on the first rotating shaft 40. The first rotating body 21 of this example is formed by a brush having nylon bristles or the like implanted on the outer periphery of the drum. However, as long as the cylindrical body is capable of elastic deformation, for example, a star wheel or a polygonal roller is used. It may be something like this. In this case, two first rotating shafts 40 are connected back and forth by an intermediate shaft 41 (received by bearings 42 and fixed to the body 2 to form a holding mechanism for the first rotating shaft 40), and the first rotating body ( Hereinafter, the rotating brush (21) is provided in a considerably long range to sufficiently remove mud.
[0027]
In addition, a front first rotating shaft 43 is connected to the front of the first rotating shaft 40, and a front first rotating body 44 is mounted on the front first rotating shaft 43. The front first rotator 44 of the present example is one in which a plurality of (three in this example) star wheels having a star shape with a projection 44a and a concave portion 44b are mounted. The first rotating shaft 43 and the first rotating shaft 40 are connected by a universal joint 45 so that the angle of the first rotating shaft 40 with respect to the front first rotating shaft 43 can be changed.
[0028]
Both the front first rotating body (hereinafter, referred to as a first star wheel) 44 and the rotating brush 21 rotate longitudinally in the transport plane and act on the root 3c of the root vegetable portion 3b. In this case, the first star wheel is used. Reference numeral 44 is set so that the outer periphery thereof acts on the bottom of the root vegetable portion 3b, and the rotating brush 21 is configured such that the range of taking the root vegetable portion 3b toward the rear by the above-mentioned universal joint 45 is increased (rearward). Lifted up). That is, in the side view, the rotating brush 21 is configured such that the overlapping range becomes larger toward the rear of the movement locus 46 of the root vegetable section 3b. This is for enabling the mud dropping to be performed gradually over a wide range. This overlapping range can be adjusted by changing the angle of the first rotating shaft 40.
[0029]
In addition, the first star wheel 44 is arranged with a diameter, a center distance, and a phase in which one projection 44a enters the other recessed portion 44b beyond the transport path 39, and the two projections 44a are surely provided. The whole root 3c is hit. Further, the rotating brushes 21 are set to have a diameter and a center-to-center distance that are within the rotating radius of each other, and the two brushes sandwich the root 3c and crush the root 3c. In addition, the direction of rotation of both is set so that the root 3c is extremely high from top to bottom, whereby the root 3c crushed by the rotating brush 21 is particularly narrowed down, and the subsequent cutting is performed. It is shaped to suit your needs. For these reasons, the first star wheel 44 and the rotating brush 21 are made of a material such as a soft resin or rubber that does not damage the root vegetables 3b.
[0030]
In order to cause the first star wheel 44 and the rotating brush 21 to perform the above operations, both of them need to be forcibly rotated. However, the driving configuration in this example is such that even if the height of the rear set 12 is changed, The invariable power of the fulcrum shaft 13 is guided by a pulley / belt mechanism 47 to an intermediate drive shaft 48 provided at a right angle to the body 2 in front of the front first rotary shaft 43. The power transmitted to the intermediate drive shaft 48 is transmitted to the front first rotary shaft 43 by a bevel gear mechanism 49 provided between the intermediate drive shaft 48 and the first front rotary shaft 43.
[0031]
Further, a second rotation shaft 50 is provided on the front extension of the front first rotation shaft 43, and the power of the intermediate drive shaft 48 is transmitted to the second rotation shaft 50 by another bell gear mechanism 51 provided opposite to the above-described bevel gear mechanism 49. I tell you. Then, the second rotating body 52 is mounted on the second rotating shaft 50, and acts on the root 3 c before acting on the first star wheel 44 by the second rotating body 52. In this case, the second rotating body 52 is rotated in the opposite direction to the first star wheel 44 by the bevel gear mechanism 49, and acts on the root 3c from below. When the second rotating body 52 is installed, the above-mentioned front mud remover 24 may be in the way. In such a case, remove it, change the mounting position, or use a size that does not get in the way. Or
[0032]
The second rotating body 52 is also set so that its outer periphery acts on the bottom of the root vegetable portion 3b, and hits the root 3c. In this example, the second rotating body 52 is constituted by a plurality of (three in this example) star wheels having the same shape as the first star wheel 44 described above. This is because the root 3c can be surely hit by entering the concave portion 52b. In addition, at this time, the phase of each star wheel can be changed, which causes the root 3c to move differently, and the mud dropping is further promoted (also in the case of the above-mentioned first star wheel 44). the same). In addition, the second rotating body 52 may be a brush or a roller that can be elastically deformed.
[0033]
Also, the position where the second rotating body 52 is attached is suitably set below the above-mentioned shoulder alignment device 17. In this case, since the action of the shoulder aligning device 17 and the action of the second rotating body 52 are simultaneously received, the second rotating body is restricted while the root vegetable section 3b is prevented from escaping upward by the shoulder aligning device 17. 52 hits the root 3c, which prevents the root vegetable section 3b from lifting up and not hitting the root 3c sufficiently. In particular, since the second rotating body 52 hits the root 3c from below to above, this effect is important.
[0034]
As described above, the root 3c of the root vegetables 3b to be conveyed is first beaten from the bottom by the second rotating body 52, but at the same time, is diffused and loosened according to the rotation direction, and adheres to the root 3c. Not only the mud that is trapped, but also the mud trapped between the roots 3c is dropped. At this time, since the projection 52a of the second rotating body 52 is set to have a diameter, a center-to-center distance, and a phase that fit into the concave portion 52b of the mating shape, the root 3c is completely moved every time the projection 52a hits. It is shaken or divided inside, and mud dropping is completed. Next, it is the same as described above that the mud is removed by the action of the first star wheel 44 and the rotating brush 21. However, since the mud is removed in two or three steps, the effect is high. .
[0035]
Next, the root cutting device 25 according to the present invention will be described. FIG. 1 is a side view of the root cutting device 25, FIG. 2 is a plan view, and FIG. The device 25 is provided behind the sludge removing device 22, and mainly includes two disk cutters 29 that are provided symmetrically with respect to the transport path 46 and that are rotated to cross each other in a horizontal plane. However, in the present invention, two guide disks 55 that are also rotated in the horizontal plane are provided in front of each disk cutter 29, and the disk cutter 29 and the guide disk 55 are attached to the main body (transmission box). ) 56. At this time, the disk cutter 29 and the guide disk 55 are partially overlapped (the guide disk 55 is raised to avoid interference), and the transfer of the root vegetables 3b described later is ensured. Make things. In addition, projections 55a are formed on the outer circumference of the guide disk 55 of the present example, and enter into the rotation locus of the other party.
[0036]
In addition, on the upper surfaces of the disk cutter 29 and the guide disk 55 in this example, there are attached anti-fouling covers 57 and 58 made of resin or rubber which do not damage the root vegetables 3b even if they hit the root vegetables 3b. In this case, the size of the scratch-proof cover 57 of the disk cutter 29 is set so that the facing surface is slightly separated, and the size of the scratch-proof cover 58 of the guide disk 55 is set so that the facing surface is almost in contact. Have been. Further, both covers 57 and 58 are formed in trapezoids in a side view that gradually rises toward the center, and the tops thereof are set at substantially the same height. This is to prevent the height of the root vegetables 3b from changing before and after the transfer.
[0037]
An input pulley (sprocket) 59 is attached to the main body 56, and power is transmitted to the input pulley 59 from a PTO shaft 60 provided on the body 2 by a chain / sprocket mechanism 61. . The power transmitted to the input pulley 60 has its rotation direction changed by a spur gear mechanism 62, and its direction changed by a bevel gear mechanism 63, and is transmitted to a cutter shaft 53 that stands up. The disk cutter 29 and the anti-scratch cover 57 are fitted on the cutter shaft 53 in a superimposed manner, and are fixed by tightening with a nut 53a. The nut 53a is buried as much as possible in the scratch-proof cover 57 using a cap nut. This is because even if the root vegetable portion 3b hits, it will not be damaged.
[0038]
A burley belt mechanism 64 is provided below the disk cutter 29 and the guide disk 55, and the power transmitted to the cutter shaft 53 is also transmitted to the guide disk 55 by the pulley belt mechanism 64. At this time, the disk cutter 29 and the guide disk 55 are rotated in a direction in which the root vegetables 3b are pushed backward. The anti-scratch cover 58 is attached to the upper surface of the guide disk 55. This attachment is performed with screws 55b. However, even if the screws 55b are embedded in the soft cover 58 and the root vegetables 3b hit, I keep it from sticking. The facing surface of the belt 64a constituting the burry-belt mechanism 64 is brought close to almost contact with the belt 64a, and the root 3c is pinched and conveyed between them.
[0039]
The main body 56 is attached to the tip of an arm 67 that can rotate up and down around a fulcrum 66 provided near the back of the PTO shaft 60. It is always biased upward. Further, a guide roller 69 that is rotatable in an inclined plane having a C-shape when viewed from the front is mounted on both sides of the conveyance path 46 on the front end side of the main body 56 and in front of the guide disk 55. The guide rollers 69 of this example are vertically mounted in two stages, and are set such that the rear roller is higher rearward than the front roller. These guide rollers 69 are mounted on a mounting plate 70 extending forward from the main body 56 so as to be position-adjustable. The rotating brush 21 of the sludge removing device 22 has a rear portion packed so as not to interfere with the guide roller 69.
[0040]
Above the root cutting device 25, a second nipping and conveying device 26 is provided. The second pinching / conveying device 26 has a driving pulley 72 fixed to a transmission tube 71 suspended from the body 2 and a driven pulley 74 suspended from a stay 73 extending forward from the transmission cylinder 71. In this case, the belt 30 is stretched horizontally so that the belt 30 is stretched horizontally, and the opposing surface is provided very close. Thus, the oblique conveyance of the leaf stem 3a behind and above by the nipping and conveying device 9 is carried over by the second nipping and conveying device 26 and is horizontally conveyed.
[0041]
As described above, while the root vegetable crop 3 is conveyed rearward and upward by the holding and conveying device 9, the shoulder height of the root vegetable portion 3 b is aligned by the shoulder aligning device 17, and the root vegetable portion 3 b and the root 3 c by the mud removing device 22. Although the mud is dropped and conveyed, when approaching the root cutting device 25, first, the nipping conveyance of the leaf stem 3a is taken over by the second nipping conveyance device 26 in the horizontal direction. In this case, the nipping force of the belt 8 of the nipping and conveying device 9 is set to be slightly higher than the nipping force of the belt 30 of the second nipping and conveying device 26, and when both are nipping, the leaf stem portion 3a The root 30 is pulled out from the belt 30 of the second nipping and conveying device 26 until the shoulder of the root vegetable portion 3b hits the lower end of the belt 30, so that the height is constant.
[0042]
In this state, the holding by the holding / conveying device 9 is released, and thereafter, the sheet is horizontally conveyed rearward only by the second holding / conveying device 26. When the root vegetable portion 3b comes above the guide roller 69, the guide roller 69 hits the bottom surface of the root vegetable portion 3b because the guide roller 69 is attached to the main body portion 56 which is urged upward and is vertically movable. The guide roller 69 rotates to ensure feeding, but at the same time, the upward movement of the main body portion 56, that is, the root cutting device 25, is regulated thereby, and its height is determined. Thereafter, the root cutting device 25 moves at a height at which the guide disk 55 and the disk cutter 29 follow the bottom surface of the root vegetable section 3b.
[0043]
Next, since the root vegetable portion 3b hangs on the guide disk 55, the scratch-proof cover 58 contacts the bottom surface of the root vegetable portion 3b, and rotates the root vegetable portion 3b in the direction of the disk cutter 29. At the same time, the root 3c is nipped by the belt 64 of the root nipping and conveying device 65 and sent to the disk cutter 29 side, and at the same time, the projection 55a of the guide disk 55 is also sent to the disk cutter 29 side. When the root vegetable section 3b passes the guide disk 55, the root vegetable section 3b is moved onto the disk cutter 29 and cut. At the time of this cutting, the bottom surface of the root vegetable portion 3b is slightly lifted by the scratch-proof cover 57, and can be cut with a desired cutting root length including zero cut. Incidentally, the length of the cut root length can be adjusted by changing the height (shape) of the flaw-proof cover 5.
[0044]
In the cutting of the root 3c described above, the root 3c is pinched and conveyed by the root pinching / conveying device 65, so that the root 3c is tensioned with the scratch-proof cover 57, and the cutting by the disk cutter 29 is reliable. By the way, at this time, if the transport speed of the root nipping and transporting device 65 is set to be slightly (5 to 20%) faster than the transporting speed of the second nipping and transporting device 26, the transport of the root 3c will be a little earlier. Therefore, the bite of the disk cutter 29 is improved, the cutability is improved, and the cut surface is almost flat, so that it is beautiful.
[0045]
The root crop 3 from which the root 3c has been cut in the manner described above is also cut in the leaf stem 3a by the leaf stem cutting device 27. At this time, the cutting length of the leaf stem 3a is determined by a subsequent drying treatment or the like. It is set to a suitable length. The cut leaf stem portion 3a and the root vegetable portion 3b are guided and stored in the container 33 by a chute 75 provided at the rear of the root cutting device 25. It is discharged outside.
[0046]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, the present invention is as described above, that is, in front of the disk cutter, a guide disk is provided which acts horizontally on the bottom surface of the root vegetable portion and feeds the root vegetable portion to the disk cutter. Therefore, the root vegetables are not slipped with respect to the fixing member, and are not damaged. Therefore, there is no transfer delay due to the frictional resistance of the slip, so that the root posture is upright and the cutting property is improved. Furthermore, the upward movement of the root cutting device is restricted by the guide disk hitting the bottom surface of the root vegetable portion, and a predetermined cut root length is secured.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a side view of a root cutting device showing an example of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a plan view of a root cutting device showing an example of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line CC of FIG. 8 showing an example of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a side view of a main part of a forward mud remover provided in the root vegetable harvester according to the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a plan view of a main part of a forward mud remover provided in the root vegetable harvester according to the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. 4;
FIG. 7 is a sectional view taken along the line BB of FIG. 4;
FIG. 8 is a side view of a root vegetable harvester showing an example of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
3 Root Vegetable Crop 3a の 葉 Leaf Stem 3b 根 Root Vegetables 3c Root of Root Vegetables 9 Nipping and Conveying Device 22 Mud Dropping Device 25 Root Cutting Device 26 Second Nipping and Conveying Device 29 Disk Cutter 46 Transport Path 55 Guide Disk 55 a 〃 Projection 57 Scratchproof cover 58 Scratchproof cover 65 Root nipping and conveying device 69 Guide roller

Claims (7)

In the process of holding the leaf stems of root crops vegetated in the field, pulling out the root crops and transporting them backward, the pinch transport device is inclined at the front low and high heights, and is urged upward to be able to move up and down In a root vegetable harvesting machine that cuts a root growing on a bottom surface of a root vegetable portion by a provided root cutting device while leaving a predetermined cutting root length, the root cutting device contacts the bottom of the root vegetable portion while securing a cutting root length. The two disk cutters that rotate horizontally in an intersecting manner are arranged on both sides of the transport path, and in front of each disk cutter, rotate horizontally to contact the bottom surfaces on both sides of the root of the root vegetable section. A root cutting device for a root vegetable harvester, comprising an induction disk for feeding a root vegetable portion to a disk cutter. 2. The disk cutter and the guide disk are each provided with a protective cover for preventing damage to the root vegetable portion on the upper surface, and the protective cover is in contact with the bottom surface of the root vegetable portion to secure a cut root length. Cutting equipment of the root cropper. 3. The root cutting device for a root vegetable harvesting machine according to claim 1, wherein projections are formed on the outer periphery of the guide disk so as to enter the rotation locus of each other. Above the guide disk and the disc cutter, a second nipping and conveying device is provided to take over the conveyance of the leaf stem from the nipping and conveying device and to convey it in the horizontal direction afterward, and at the bottom, to pinch and transport the roots. 4. The root cutting device for a root vegetable harvester according to claim 3, further comprising a device. 5. A root cutting device for a root vegetable harvesting machine according to claim 2, wherein guide rollers which can be rotated substantially vertically in contact with the bottom surface of the root vegetable portion to be transported are provided on both sides of the transport path in front of the guide disk. The root cutting device of a root vegetable harvesting machine according to claim 5, wherein a plurality of guide rollers are provided at a higher position toward the rear. 7. The root cutting device for a root vegetable harvesting machine according to claim 6, further comprising a mud removing device for removing mud attached to the root in front of the guide roller.

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