JP2004056893A - Fault detection method for power converter - Google Patents

Fault detection method for power converter Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2004056893A
JP2004056893A JP2002209512A JP2002209512A JP2004056893A JP 2004056893 A JP2004056893 A JP 2004056893A JP 2002209512 A JP2002209512 A JP 2002209512A JP 2002209512 A JP2002209512 A JP 2002209512A JP 2004056893 A JP2004056893 A JP 2004056893A
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Prior art keywords
voltage
phase
power supply
smoothing
input
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JP2002209512A
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Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Sumio Yamamoto
山本 純生
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Yaskawa Electric Corp
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Yaskawa Electric Corp
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  • Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)
  • Rectifiers (AREA)
  • Control Of Electric Motors In General (AREA)
  • Testing Of Short-Circuits, Discontinuities, Leakage, Or Incorrect Line Connections (AREA)
  • Protection Of Static Devices (AREA)

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a detection method for phase interruption which detects the power interruption in commercial power voltage without using three monitoring means for AC power voltage inputs, thereby miniaturizing a servo driver. <P>SOLUTION: This detection method comprises a power input means of using AC servo driver three-phase AC voltage as an input power supply, a rectification means for rectifying the three-phase AC voltage, a means for smoothing DC voltage after the rectification by the rectification means, and a means for detecting the smoothed DC voltage. The method compares an instantaneous value of the smoothed DC voltage with a preset value, judges one line for the three-phase AC voltage input to be broken, and detects breakage in an input power line. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、ACサーボドライバなどの電力変換装置へ交流電圧を供給する3相交流電源の各相のうちのいずれか1相の欠相を検出する電力変換装置の3相電源欠相検出方法および平滑回路用コンデンサの寿命推定方法に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
3相交流電源から供給される3相交流電圧を入力してそれを直流電圧に変換する電力変換装置では、3相交流電源の各相のうちのいずれか1相の欠相が発生した状態でそのまま運転を続けた場合、変換された直流電圧の値は大きく脈動するため、正常な運転を行うことが困難となり、装置の信頼性が著しく低下する。そのため、このような電力変換装置では、3相交流電源の各相のうちのいずれか1相の欠相を何らかの方法で検出し、欠相が検出された場合には、運転を停止するように設計されている。なぜならば入力電源線が1相断線した場合、電源の供給が不完全に行われることになり、平滑化用に入っているコンデンサの充放電電流が許容値を超えて、コンデンサの劣化を招くからである。
【0003】
従来、入力電源線の断線検出は、商用の3相電源電圧の入力電圧値を監視することにより行っている。断線による従来の欠相電圧検出装置を図4に示す。図において、1は全波整流ブリッジ回路からなる整流手段、2は整流手段の出力電圧を平滑する電解コンデンサからなる平滑化手段、Pは正側直流母線、Nは負側直流母線、5はフォトカプラを用いた絶縁回路を備えた電源電圧検出手段である。正側直流母線P、負側直流母線Nは直流電圧から可変周波の可変電圧に電力変換するインバータ部に接続され、インバータ出力は負荷であるサーボーモータ等に接続される。
【0004】
3相交流電源の各相のうちのいずれか1相の欠相を検出する従来の技術としては、以下に示すようなものがある。まず、特開昭52−23641号公報には、3相交流電源の各相と中性線との間に、フォトカプラのような絶縁回路を有する電圧検出手段である検出チャネルを各相毎に備え、各検出チャネルの出力をオア回路に入力し、そのオア回路の出力を単安定マルチバイブレータに入力して、一定時間だけ3相交流電源の各相のうちのいずれか1相が欠相していることを示す欠相検出信号の出力を保持する3相電源欠相検出回路が記載されている。
また、特開平5−68327号公報には、3相交流電源の各相間にフォトカプラのような絶縁回路を有する電圧検出手段を備え、各電圧検出手段の出力信号を1つの信号にまとめ、その信号の積分値を求め、その積分値と基準値とを比較して欠相か否かを判断する3相電源欠相検出回路が開示されている。
【0005】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
上述した従来の技術は、商用の3相電源電圧入力を監視するため、特別にフォトカプラ等からなる3個の交流電圧監視手段が必要であった。このため3個の交流電圧監視手段を入れることにより、サーボモータの駆動装置であるサーボドライバは大型になり、コストもかかっていた。
本発明はこのような問題点に鑑みてなされたものであり、その目的とするところは、余計な部品の追加無しに、3個の交流電源電圧入力の監視手段を用いないで商用の電源電圧の欠相を検出する欠相検出方法を提供し、サーボドライバを小型化することにある。また、電力変換装置の平滑回路用コンデンサの寿命を推定することを第二の目的とする。
【0006】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は上記問題を解決するため、ACサーボドライバ3相交流電圧を入力電源とする電源入力手段と、前記3相交流電圧を整流する整流手段と、前記整流手段による整流後の直流電圧を平滑化する手段と、前記平滑化した直流電圧を検出する手段とからなる電力変換装置の異常検出方法において、
前記平滑化した前記直流電圧の瞬時値と設定値との比較により、前記3相交流電圧入力の1線が断線したと判断し、入力電源線の断線を検出するものである。
また、直流電圧の変化の割合と頻度に基づいて、平滑化用コンデンサに流れるリップル電流を求め、平滑回路用コンデンサの寿命を推定するものである。
直流電圧の監視は、過電圧異常検出に行っている手段を流用できる。
【0007】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明を図に基づいて説明する。図1は本発明の実施例である。図4の従来の技術で説明した同一名称には同一符号を付けできるだけ重複説明を省略する。本発明の図1が従来と異なる部分は、交流電源電圧検出手段5をなくしていることと、全波整流ブリッジ回路からなる整流手段1の直流側出力の電圧を検出する電圧検出手段3、前記電圧検出手段3の検出電圧を監視する電圧値監視手段4を備えた部分である。一般に直流中間回路を有するDC/AC変換をするインバータを備えた電力変換装置では負荷電動機が発電機として動作したときは前記直流中間回路である平滑化手段にある電解コンデンサに負荷側からインバータ側へと電力が供給されるため、直流中間回路の電圧である直流母線PN間の電圧が上昇する。このため直流母線PN間の電圧の実効値を常時検出監視している。
【0008】
本発明の電圧検出手段3、前記電圧検出手段3の検出電圧を監視する電圧値監視手段4はこの直流母線PN間の電圧の監視手段の機能を兼用できる。電圧検出手段4は図示しないCPUからなる演算手段によって事前に設定している正常下限電圧Vsと検出電圧を比較することにより、検出電圧が正常下限電圧Vs以下のときは電源電圧の欠相と判断し、インバータ部の主回路トランジスタのベースをブロックすると共に図示しない商用電源電圧の入力を電磁開閉器等で遮断する。前記CPUは電力変換装置の主回路を制御する制御部にあるCPUを兼用することができる。
【0009】
図2は入力電源線が正常に接続されている場合のサーボモータ運転時の電圧波形である。Vsは平滑化後の正常下限電圧,Vrは平滑化前の電圧波形、Vcは平滑化後の電圧波形、Vpは平滑化後のピーク電圧である。図2のように、入力電源線が正常に配線されている場合、平滑化後の直流電圧値は、正常下限電圧値以下には下がらない。電源をOFFした場合、平滑化後の直流電圧値は、欠相検出下限電圧まで下がる。1相欠相した場合、図3のように、平滑化後の直流電圧値は、正常下限電圧値からピーク電圧までの電圧変化を繰り返す。すなわち、平滑化後の直流電圧値が、正常下限電圧値からピーク電圧までの電圧変化を繰り返す場合を欠相と判断して、警告を出すことができる。
【0010】
図3は本発明による入力電源線中の1相が断線により1相が欠相した場合のサーボモー夕運転時の電圧波形である。Vc1は欠相時の平滑化後の電圧波形である。平滑化後のピーク電圧Vpは不変であるが、欠相検出下限電圧VLは、平滑化後の正常下限電圧Vsより小さな値になる。これから欠相を判断することができる。
また、前記直流中間回路の直流電圧の変化の割合、頻度より、平滑化用コンデンサに流れるリップル電流を求めれば、コンデンサの寿命を推定することができる。直流電圧の変化の割合、頻度に関するデータは電圧検出手段3の出力電圧信号をAD変換し電圧監視手段に入力することで実行できる。前記出力電圧信号としては瞬時値を常時サンプリングする。
【0011】
【発明の効果】
以上述べたように、本発明によれば余計な部品の追加無しに3個の交流電源電圧入力の監視手段を用いないで、商用の電源電圧の欠相を検出する欠相検出方法を提供し、サーボドライバを小型化することができる。また、電力変換装置の平滑回路用コンデンサの寿命を推定することができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の構成を示す。
【図2】本発明で、入力電源線が正常に接続されている場合のサーボモータ運転時の電圧波形である。
【図3】本発明で入力電源線の1相が断線している場合のサーボモータ運転時の電圧波形である。
【図4】従来の構成を示す。
【符号の説明】
1 整流手段
2 平滑化手段
3 電圧検出手段
4 電圧値監視手段
5 交流電源電圧検出手段
P 正側直流母線
N 負側直流母線
Vr 平滑化前の電圧波形
Vc 平滑化後の電圧波形
Vc1 欠相時の平滑化後の電圧波形
Vp 平滑化後の正常下限電圧
Vs 平滑化後のピーク電圧
VL  欠相検出下限電圧
[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a three-phase power supply open phase detection method for a power conversion apparatus that detects any one of the three phases of a three-phase AC power supply that supplies an AC voltage to a power conversion apparatus such as an AC servo driver. The present invention relates to a method for estimating the life of a capacitor for a smoothing circuit.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In a power conversion device that inputs a three-phase AC voltage supplied from a three-phase AC power supply and converts it to a DC voltage, a state in which one of the three phases of the three-phase AC power supply has an open phase has occurred. If the operation is continued as it is, the value of the converted DC voltage greatly pulsates, so that it becomes difficult to perform a normal operation, and the reliability of the device is significantly reduced. Therefore, in such a power converter, any one of the phases of the three-phase AC power supply is detected by any method, and the operation is stopped if the open phase is detected. Designed. This is because if the input power supply line is disconnected in one phase, the power supply will be incompletely performed, and the charge / discharge current of the capacitor for smoothing will exceed the allowable value, causing deterioration of the capacitor. It is.
[0003]
Conventionally, disconnection of an input power supply line is detected by monitoring an input voltage value of a commercial three-phase power supply voltage. FIG. 4 shows a conventional open-phase voltage detecting device due to disconnection. In the figure, 1 is a rectifying means comprising a full-wave rectifying bridge circuit, 2 is a smoothing means comprising an electrolytic capacitor for smoothing the output voltage of the rectifying means, P is a positive DC bus, N is a negative DC bus, and 5 is a photo. This is power supply voltage detection means provided with an insulation circuit using a coupler. The positive DC bus P and the negative DC bus N are connected to an inverter for converting power from a DC voltage to a variable frequency variable voltage, and the inverter output is connected to a load such as a servomotor.
[0004]
As a conventional technique for detecting any one of the phases of the three-phase AC power supply, there is the following technique. First, Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 52-23641 discloses that a detection channel, which is a voltage detection means having an insulating circuit such as a photocoupler, is provided between each phase of a three-phase AC power supply and a neutral line for each phase. The output of each detection channel is input to an OR circuit, the output of the OR circuit is input to a monostable multivibrator, and any one of the phases of the three-phase AC power supply is lost for a certain period of time. A three-phase power supply phase-loss detection circuit that holds an output of an phase-loss detection signal indicating that the power is off.
Also, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 5-68327 discloses voltage detecting means having an insulating circuit such as a photocoupler between each phase of a three-phase AC power supply, and the output signals of each voltage detecting means are combined into one signal. There is disclosed a three-phase power supply phase-loss detection circuit that determines an integrated value of a signal and compares the integrated value with a reference value to determine whether or not the phase is missing.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In the above-described conventional technique, three AC voltage monitoring means including a photocoupler and the like are required in particular for monitoring the input of a commercial three-phase power supply voltage. For this reason, by including three AC voltage monitoring means, the servo driver, which is a driving device of the servo motor, becomes large in size and costs high.
The present invention has been made in view of such a problem, and an object of the present invention is to provide a commercial power supply voltage without using three AC power supply voltage input monitoring means without adding extra parts. The object of the present invention is to provide an open phase detecting method for detecting the open phase of the above, and to downsize the servo driver. A second object is to estimate the life of a capacitor for a smoothing circuit of a power converter.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a power input means using an AC servo driver three-phase AC voltage as an input power source, a rectifying means for rectifying the three-phase AC voltage, and a smoothing DC voltage rectified by the rectifying means. Means for converting, and a method for detecting an abnormality of the power converter comprising a means for detecting the smoothed DC voltage,
By comparing the smoothed instantaneous value of the DC voltage with a set value, it is determined that one line of the three-phase AC voltage input is disconnected, and the disconnection of the input power supply line is detected.
Further, a ripple current flowing through the smoothing capacitor is obtained based on the rate and frequency of the change in the DC voltage, and the life of the smoothing circuit capacitor is estimated.
For monitoring the DC voltage, the means for detecting an overvoltage abnormality can be used.
[0007]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
The present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the present invention. The same reference numerals as used in the description of the related art in FIG. FIG. 1 of the present invention differs from the prior art in that the AC power supply voltage detecting means 5 is eliminated and the voltage detecting means 3 for detecting the voltage of the DC side output of the rectifying means 1 comprising a full-wave rectifying bridge circuit. This is a portion including a voltage value monitoring means 4 for monitoring the detection voltage of the voltage detection means 3. In general, in a power converter having a DC / AC conversion inverter having a DC intermediate circuit, when a load motor operates as a generator, an electrolytic capacitor in a smoothing means, which is the DC intermediate circuit, is connected to an electrolytic capacitor from a load side to an inverter side. Is supplied, the voltage between the DC buses PN, which is the voltage of the DC intermediate circuit, rises. For this reason, the effective value of the voltage between the DC buses PN is constantly detected and monitored.
[0008]
The voltage detecting means 3 of the present invention and the voltage value monitoring means 4 for monitoring the detection voltage of the voltage detecting means 3 can also serve as the function of the means for monitoring the voltage between the DC buses PN. The voltage detection means 4 compares the detection voltage with the normal lower limit voltage Vs set in advance by a calculation means comprising a CPU (not shown), and determines that the power supply voltage is out of phase when the detection voltage is lower than the normal lower limit voltage Vs. Then, the base of the main circuit transistor of the inverter unit is blocked, and the input of the unillustrated commercial power supply voltage is cut off by an electromagnetic switch or the like. The CPU can also serve as a CPU in a control unit that controls a main circuit of the power converter.
[0009]
FIG. 2 shows voltage waveforms during the operation of the servo motor when the input power supply line is normally connected. Vs is a normal lower limit voltage after smoothing, Vr is a voltage waveform before smoothing, Vc is a voltage waveform after smoothing, and Vp is a peak voltage after smoothing. As shown in FIG. 2, when the input power supply line is wired normally, the DC voltage value after smoothing does not drop below the normal lower limit voltage value. When the power is turned off, the DC voltage value after the smoothing drops to the lower limit voltage for detecting phase loss. When one phase is lost, as shown in FIG. 3, the DC voltage value after smoothing repeats a voltage change from a normal lower limit voltage value to a peak voltage. That is, the case where the smoothed DC voltage value repeatedly changes in voltage from the normal lower limit voltage value to the peak voltage is determined to be a phase loss, and a warning can be issued.
[0010]
FIG. 3 is a voltage waveform during the servo motor operation when one phase in the input power supply line is disconnected due to disconnection according to the present invention. Vc1 is a smoothed voltage waveform at the time of phase loss. Although the peak voltage Vp after the smoothing is unchanged, the open-phase detection lower limit voltage VL becomes smaller than the normal lower limit voltage Vs after the smoothing. From this, the phase loss can be determined.
Further, the life of the capacitor can be estimated by determining the ripple current flowing through the smoothing capacitor from the rate and frequency of change of the DC voltage of the DC intermediate circuit. Data relating to the rate and frequency of change of the DC voltage can be executed by AD-converting the output voltage signal of the voltage detecting means 3 and inputting it to the voltage monitoring means. An instantaneous value is constantly sampled as the output voltage signal.
[0011]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, there is provided an open-phase detection method for detecting open-phase of a commercial power supply voltage without using three AC power supply voltage input monitoring means without adding extra parts. Thus, the size of the servo driver can be reduced. Further, it is possible to estimate the life of the smoothing circuit capacitor of the power converter.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 shows a configuration of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a voltage waveform during a servo motor operation when an input power supply line is normally connected in the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a voltage waveform during a servo motor operation when one phase of an input power supply line is broken in the present invention.
FIG. 4 shows a conventional configuration.
[Explanation of symbols]
Reference Signs List 1 rectifying means 2 smoothing means 3 voltage detecting means 4 voltage value monitoring means 5 AC power supply voltage detecting means P positive DC bus N negative DC bus Vr Voltage waveform Vc before smoothing Voltage waveform Vc1 after smoothing Phase loss After smoothing Vp Normal lower limit voltage Vs after smoothing Peak voltage VL after smoothing Lower limit voltage for phase loss detection

Claims (2)

ACサーボドライバ3相交流電圧を入力電源とする電源入力手段と、前記3相交流電圧を整流する整流手段と、前記整流手段による整流後の直流電圧を平滑化する手段と、前記平滑化した直流電圧を検出する手段とからなる電力変換装置の異常検出方法において、
前記平滑化した前記直流電圧の瞬時値と設定値との比較により、前記3相交流電圧入力の1線が断線したと判断し、入力電源線の断線を検出することを特徴とする電力変換装置の異常検出方法。
AC servo driver A power supply input means for inputting a three-phase AC voltage as an input power supply, a rectification means for rectifying the three-phase AC voltage, a means for smoothing a DC voltage rectified by the rectification means, An abnormality detection method for a power conversion device, comprising: means for detecting a voltage;
A power converter that determines that one line of the three-phase AC voltage input has been broken by comparing the smoothed instantaneous value of the DC voltage with a set value, and detects a break in the input power supply line. Abnormality detection method.
直流電圧の変化の割合と頻度に基づいて、平滑化用コンデンサに流れるリップル電流を求め、平滑回路用コンデンサの寿命を推定することを特徴とする請求項1記載の電力変換装置の異常検出方法。2. The abnormality detection method for a power conversion device according to claim 1, wherein a ripple current flowing through the smoothing capacitor is obtained based on the rate and frequency of the change in the DC voltage, and the life of the smoothing circuit capacitor is estimated.
JP2002209512A 2002-07-18 2002-07-18 Fault detection method for power converter Pending JP2004056893A (en)

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WO2022176193A1 (en) * 2021-02-22 2022-08-25 三菱電機株式会社 Electrolytic capacitor life determination device and motor driving device
US20220291264A1 (en) * 2021-03-11 2022-09-15 Delta Electronics, Inc. Phase-loss detection apparatus of three-phase ac power source and method of detecting phase loss

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JP2010252563A (en) * 2009-04-17 2010-11-04 Fuji Electric Systems Co Ltd Method and device for protecting inverter
CN102081127A (en) * 2009-11-27 2011-06-01 丁婕 Phase failure detection circuit
JP2016213949A (en) * 2015-05-07 2016-12-15 株式会社Yutaka Detection device
JP2020143818A (en) * 2019-03-05 2020-09-10 三菱重工サーマルシステムズ株式会社 Transportation refrigerating machine
WO2022176193A1 (en) * 2021-02-22 2022-08-25 三菱電機株式会社 Electrolytic capacitor life determination device and motor driving device
JP7483119B2 (en) 2021-02-22 2024-05-14 三菱電機株式会社 Electrolytic capacitor life determination device and motor drive device
US20220291264A1 (en) * 2021-03-11 2022-09-15 Delta Electronics, Inc. Phase-loss detection apparatus of three-phase ac power source and method of detecting phase loss
US11567112B2 (en) * 2021-03-11 2023-01-31 Delta Electronics, Inc. Phase-loss detection apparatus of three-phase AC power source and method of detecting phase loss

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