【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、歩道、公共広場、車道等を敷設する平坦性と透水性を有する舗装構造を可能とする天然石敷石とその敷設構造に関するものである。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
従来、歩道、公共広場、車道等の表面を舗装するには、主にコンクリートブロック、レンガ、タイルなどの舗装材が使用されていたが、近年、耐久力に優れ重厚な自然美を有する大理石や御影石（花崗岩）で代表される天然石を敷石として使用した舗装構造が採用されるようになってきた。
近年、このような舗装構造においては、治水、地下水の管理の観点から、雨水等を、路盤や路床に浸透・保水させることにより、雨水等を地中に還元させる透水性舗装が要望され、同時にバリアフリーの観点から平坦性を維持できる舗装がが求められている。
【０００３】
従来、排水性、平坦性を考慮した舗装構造として、実公昭６３−１９０３０２号公報には、上向きの傾斜面を形成した側面部と、下向きの傾斜面を形成した側面部を有し、適宜の傾斜面に表裏を連通する排水溝を形成したコンクリート製の舗装板が開示され、隣接配置した一方の舗装板の上向きの傾斜面と他方の舗装板の下向きの傾斜面を重ね合わせることにより、舗装板間での浮き沈みを防止して平坦な舗装面を形成するとともに、水捌けのよい舗装を実現する舗装構造が開示されている。
しかし、側面部に傾斜面や排水溝を形成することは、成形して固定化させるセラミックスやコンクリート製であるからできることであり、天然石敷石の場合には、セラミックスやコンクリートのような加工が容易ではなく、このような構造を得ることは加工コストの問題がある。
【０００４】
このような問題を解決するために、本発明者らは実用新案登録第３０８３５３５号公報に開示されているように、表裏に貫通する舟形スリットからなる透水孔を複数条形成した天然石敷石を提案した。この透水孔は、超硬回転刃を用いて簡易に形成できるものである。
しかし、現在多く用いられている天然石敷石は、一辺が１００〜３００ｍｍ程度、厚みが５０〜７０ｍｍ程度の比較的小さいものであり、敷設する場合には、人手で一つ一つ並べていき、その後高さを調節し石を叩いて締める熟練作業が必要であり、敷設には長時間を要し、コスト負担も大きいという問題がある。
また、必然的に目地部が多くなり、目地材を使用した場合には、雨水の浸透等による目地材の流出で表面部で目地の凹凸が生じ、敷石の欠け破損や浮き沈みによって舗装面の平坦性が損なわれるという問題がある。
また、特に車道舗装の場合では、天然石材を成形した敷石の場合、敷石の支持状態や目地の状態、あるいは平面寸法、厚さによっては、車輪加重により損傷が起こることがあり、特に透水性舗装にするために表裏に貫通する透水孔を形成した場合には、透水孔上端部で亀裂が発生し、透水孔が敷石の中央部にある場合には、透水孔端部の亀裂が伝播して割れを生じて強度が低下するという問題がある。
【０００５】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明は、上記問題を解決するものであって、透水孔形成による強度低下を最小限に抑えながら透水性を安定確保でき、平坦性、施工性、敷設コスト負担も改善できる舗装構造を実現する天然石敷石とその舗装構造を提供することを目的とする。
【０００６】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記目的を達成するために、本発明は以下の（１）〜（８）を要旨とする。
（１） 天然石ブロックの一側を上面側からＬ字形に切欠いて底部に上向きの支持面を有する支持部を形成するとともに、他側の底部を下面側から前記支持部の厚さ分だけ逆Ｌ字形に切欠いて前記支持部面の延長面上にある下向きの係合面を有する係合部を形成してなり、側面の所定位置に目地キープを設けるとともに、この目地キープのない部分に複数の縦溝を形成したことを特徴とする天然石敷石。
（２） 天然石ブロックの一側を上面側からＬ字形に切欠いて底部に上向きの支持面を有する支持部を形成してなり、側面の所定位置に目地キープを設けるとともに、この目地キープのない部分に複数の縦溝を形成したことを特徴とする天然石敷石。
（３） 天然石ブロックの一側の底部を下面側から逆Ｌ字形に切欠いて下向きの係合面を有する係合部を形成してなり、側面の所定位置に目地キープを設けるとともに、この目地キープのない部分に複数の縦溝を形成したことを特徴とする天然石敷石。
【０００７】
（４） 前記（１）〜（３）のいずれかにおいて、天然石ブロックの上面側に円弧状の集水溝を交差させて穿設し、該交差部より敷石下面に貫通させた透水孔を複数設けたことを特徴とする天然石敷石。
（５） 前記（４）において、各集水溝における上面の溝幅を２〜１０ｍｍとし、下面側の溝幅を１〜５ｍｍとして、集水溝を、溝幅が上面部の開口部より底部に向かって狭くなるテーパー状に形成したことを特徴とする天然石敷石。
（６） 前記（１）〜（５）のいずれかに記載の天然石敷石を、複数並設した天然石敷石の敷設構造であって、隣接する天然石敷石間で支持部の支持面と係合部の係合面を重ね合わせて敷設することにより上面レベルを一致させ、隣接する天然石敷石間を目地キープにより所定の間隔で保持することを特徴とする天然石敷石の敷設構造。
（７） 前記（６）において、複数の天然石敷石を支持部と係合部を形成しない側面側に整列配置してなる各天然石敷石列を位置をずらして隣接配置して、一方の天然石敷石列の支持部の支持面と、他方の天然石敷石列の係合部の係合面を重ね合わせて敷設することにより、隣接する各天然石敷石の上面レベルを一致させることを特徴とする天然石敷石の敷設構造。
【０００８】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明の天然石敷石は、主として乾式工法による敷設構造において使用されるものであり、基本形としては、図１（ａ）、（ｂ）に示すように、天然石ブロック１の一側の底部を上面側からＬ字形に切り欠いて上向きの支持面２ａを有する支持部２を形成するとともに、他側の底部を下面側から逆Ｌ字形に切り欠いて隣接する天然石敷石の支持部の支持面２ａに当接する下向きの係合面３ａを有する係合部３を形成してなるものである。
そして、隣接配置の天然石敷石の側面に対面する側面の所定位置に、隣接する天然石敷石間で所定の間隔を保持して透水性確保にも寄与する目地キープ４を形成し、目地キープ４のない部分には複数の縦溝５を形成して、天然石敷石間に目地材を介在させる場合に目地材に対する密着性（馴染み性）を確保して、目地材機能を安定維持する構造を有するものである。
【０００９】
このように形成した天然石敷石を、支持部２と係合部３の形成側に敷設する場合には、図２に示すように、一方の天然敷石Ａの支持部２と、他方の天然敷石Ｂの係合部３を目地キープ効果で安定した目地空隙６が形成されるように、支持部２の支持面２ａと係合部３の係合面３ａを重ね合わせ、隣接配置した天然敷石Ａ、Ｂ間で上面レベルが一致するよう敷設することにより、隣接配置した天然敷石Ａ、Ｂ間で上面の平坦性を安定確保し、併せて透水性を確保し、目地空隙６に目地材を充填する目地材使用の場合では、重ね合わせた支持面２ａと係合面３ａ効果により目地材の流出を防止できる舗装構造を得ることができる。
【００１０】
天然石敷石の一側に形成する支持部２は、敷石の種類（強度）、サイズを考慮して設計するが、例えば御影石からなる一辺（ａ）が３００ｍｍ、厚み（ｂ）が６０ｍｍの天然石敷石の場合では、支持部２の厚み（ｃ）は１０〜１５ｍｍで敷石の全幅に亘って突出長さ（ｄ）が１５〜３０ｍｍの支持面２ａを有するように形成する。
この支持面２ａは傾斜面であってもよいが、加工負担が大きくなるので、平面すなわち上下面と平行な面に形成することが好ましい。
また、天然石敷石の他側に形成する係合部３は、支持部２に概ね相当する形状の凹状空間に形成したもので、支持面２ａと概ね同じ面積の係合面３ａを有するように形成し、隣接配置の天然石敷石間で支持部２と係合部３を係合したとき、上下面レベルが概ね一致するように形状および寸法を設計するものである。
ここで、支持部２の厚み（ｃ）を１０ｍｍ未満にした場合には、支持部２の強度が充分ではなく舗装面の平坦性を長期間維持できない。また１５ｍｍ超にした場合には、敷石本体の強度を低下させることになるので好ましくない。
支持部２の突出長さ（ｄ）を１５ｍｍ未満にした場合には、支持面積が不十分で支持機能を安定確保できない。また３０ｍｍ超にした場合には、支持部２が破損しやすくなるので好ましくない。
【００１１】
隣接配置の天然石敷石の側面に対面する側面に形成する目地キープ４は、厚みが２〜５ｍｍ程度、幅が５〜１０ｍｍ程度のもので、隣接配置の天然石敷石間で目地キープが重ならない所定位置に形成する。この目地キープ４を形成する側面および目地キープ４の形成位置は、任意に選択することができる。
隣接配置の天然石敷石の側面に対面する側面の目地キープのない部分に形成する複数の縦溝５は、幅が２〜３ｍｍ、深さが０．５〜２ｍｍ程度のもので、Ｕ字形または円弧状が形成が簡易である。
このような構造を有する天然石敷石を目地キープ４で所定の間隔で複数並べて敷設することによって、平坦性を確保でき、歩道の場合には目地材の使用を省略して透水性のある舗装構造が得られるが、より透水性を確実なものにするため、また、目地材使用の場合にも透水性を充分に確保するため、本発明では図３（ａ），（ｂ）、図４（ａ），（ｂ）に示すように、天然石敷石に上下面に貫通する複数の透水孔７を形成することも考慮するものである。
この場合、透水孔７は、超硬回転刃などで容易に加工でき、損傷しにくい構造にして、強度の低下を極力抑えられる適宜の箇所、例えば４隅部に設けて、平坦性、透水性に優れ長期間に亘って強度的にも問題がない天然石敷石舗装構造を実現するものである。この際、透水孔は意匠性もあることが望ましい。
透水孔７としては、天然石ブロック１の上面側に超硬回転刃に容易に形成できる１０ｍｍ程度の円弧状の集水溝８、９を例えば十字形に交差させて穿設し、該交差部より敷石下面に貫通する貫通孔１０を設けたものが好適である。
この透水孔７での集水溝８、９は、破損防止、歩行（通行）の円滑性、集水性等の観点から、上面の溝幅ｅは２〜１０ｍｍに抑え、底部面側の溝幅ｅ′を１〜５ｍｍとして、集水溝８、９を、溝幅が上面部の開口部より底部に向かって狭くなるテーパー状に形成することが望ましい。
【００１２】
なお、上記の天然石敷石は、一側の底部に支持部を形成し、他側の底部に係合部を形成したものを主体に説明したが、例えば舗装端部を形成する天然石敷石の場合には、一側の底部に支持部２のみを形成し他側の底部に係合部３を有しないものや、一側の底部に係合部３を有し他側の底部に支持部２を有しないものも使用することができる。
すなわち本発明では、図５に示すように、天然石ブロック１の一側を上面側からＬ字形に切欠いて底部に上向きの支持面２ａを有する支持部３を形成してなり、側面の所定位置に目地キープ４を設けるとともに、この目地キープ５のない部分に複数の縦溝５を形成した天然石敷石や、図６に示すように、天然石ブロック１の一側の底部を下面側から逆Ｌ字形に切欠いて下向きの係合面３を有する係合部３を形成してなり、側面の所定位置に目地キープ４を設けるとともに、この目地キープ４のない部分に複数の縦溝５を形成した天然石敷石も考慮し、上記したような透水孔６の形成も考慮するものである。
この場合には、隣接する天然石敷石がない最外側の側面には、目地キープや縦溝は省略することができる。
【００１３】
上記したような各天然石敷石を、例えば乾式工法により地盤上に礫層を介して敷設した砂層上に複数並設して天然石敷石の敷設構造を得る場合には、図２に示すように、天然石敷石Ａ、Ｂを支持部２と係合部３を形成した側面側に目地キープ４により所定の間隔で保持して整列配置して、Ａ、Ｂ方向の天然石敷石列単位で、隣接する天然石敷石間で支持部２の支持面２ａと係合部３の係合面３ａを重ね合わせて敷設することにより上面レベルを一致させ、舗装面の平坦性を安定確保できる。
このように形成したＡ、Ｂ方向の天然石敷石列を、図７に示すように、支持部２と係合部３を形成しない側面側に、目地キープ４により所定の間隔で保持して上面レベルが一致するように隣接配置し、平坦性と透水性を有する天然石敷石敷設構造を得ることができる。
この際、図７に示すように、各天然石敷石列間で、支持部２と係合部３の係合位置が一致するように敷設してもよいし、ずらして敷設してもよい。また、目地キープ４によって形成した目地空隙に目地材を充填することは不可欠ではなく、目地材の充填を省略することも考慮する。目地材を使用する場合には、支持部の係合部では支持面と係合面の重ね合わせによって、目地材の流出を防止することができる。
【００１４】
上記の敷設構造では、複数の天然石敷石を支持部２と係合部３を形成した側面に整列配置してなるＡ、Ｂ方向の天然石敷石列を、支持部と係合部を形成しない側面側に隣接配置するようにしているが、図８に示すように、天然石敷石を支持部２と係合部３を形成しない側面側にに整列配置してなるＡ、Ａ方向の天然石敷石列とＢ、Ｂ方向の各天然石敷石列を、位置をずらして隣接配置して、Ａ、Ａ方向の天然石敷石列の支持部２の支持面２ａと、Ｂ、Ｂ方向の天然石敷石列の係合部３の係合面３ａを重ね合わせて敷設することにより、支持部２と係合部３を形成した側面側および支持部２と係合部３を形成しない側面側で隣接する各天然石敷石の上面レベルを一致させ、全体の平坦性を同時に確保可能な敷設構造とすることもできる。
【００１５】
天然石敷石を車道舗装に使用する場合に破損が起きる原因として、湿式工法による舗装の問題がある。すなわち湿式工法においては、目地モルタルも敷きモルタルも水で固めるため撓みに弱く、一旦、撓みが発生すると目地部に応力が集中し、大型車の加重などによる劣化が進めば、目地モルタルにクラックが発生することになる。
このような問題を解決するために、モルタルを使用しない乾式工法が有効であり、セメントモルタルの使用に代わり敷砂層に直接天然石敷石を並べると、車両の通過によって敷石が締め固められるという効果がある。
敷砂だけでなく目地材としても砂を用いる場合には、敷石が動きやすいという欠点がある。これは表面の排水が目地から侵入し基礎の安定に影響するためで、強雨時に目地材が流出する恐れがある。
しかし本発明では、天然石敷石全体を透水性とすることと、隣接配置する天然石敷石間で支持部２と係合部３を係合して敷設することで、重ね合わせた支持部２の支持面２ａと係合部３の係合面３ａによって、目地材使用の場合には目地材の流出を防止することができる。
これにより、固定力が強く長時間耐久性のある乾式工法による平坦性、透水性に優れた天然石敷石敷設構造を確立できる。
【００１６】
【実施例１】
以下に本発明の実施例を、本発明の天然石敷石を用いた車道舗装構造の場合で示す。
この実施例で使用する天然石敷石は、基本的には、図３（ａ）〜（ｄ）に示すような構造を有するものであり、３００ｍｍ×３００ｍｍ×６０ｍｍ（厚）の平板状の天然石ブロックの一側の底部に厚み（ｃ）が１５ｍｍ、突出長さ（ｄ）が２０ｍｍの支持部を形成し、他側の底部に支持部２に概ね相当する形状の凹状空間の係合部３を形成したものであり、各側面に３ｍｍの目地空隙６を形成する目地キープ４を形成するとともに、この目地キープ４を設けない部分に幅が５ｍｍ程度で、深さ２ｍｍ程度のＵ字形の縦溝５を形成し、さらに、４隅に透水孔６を設けたものである。
この透水孔６は、上面での溝幅ｅがほぼ５ｍｍ、底部溝幅ｅ′がほぼ３ｍｍのテーパ状で、上面での長さ（Ｌ）、上面から深さ（ｈ）が表面よりほぼ１０ｍｍである円弧状の集水溝８、９を交差させ、該交差点から敷石裏面の貫通する貫通孔１０からなる。
【００１７】
このような構造を有する複数の天然石敷石を地盤上に礫層を介して敷設した敷砂層上に、図８に示すように、天然石敷石を支持部２と係合部３を形成しない側面側にに整列配置してなるＡ、Ａ方向の天然石敷石列とＢ、Ｂ方向の天然石敷石列を、位置をずらして隣接配置して、一方の天然石敷石列の支持部２の支持面２ａと、他方の天然石敷石列の係合部３の係合面３ａを重ね合わせて敷設することにより、支持部２と係合部３を形成した側面側および支持部２と係合部３を形成しない側面側で隣接する各天然石敷石間で上面レベルを一致させ、各天然石敷石間に目地キープ４により形成した目地空隙６に目地砂を充填して、平坦性と透水性のある天然石敷石舗装構造を敷設した。
この天然石敷石舗装構造においては、敷設時間を大幅に短縮でき、得られた舗装面の平坦性は充分に満足するものであった。また、車両通過による加重付与と散水実験を行った結果、天然石敷石に問題になるような損傷はなく、また水捌けが良好であり透水性は充分に満足できるものであった。また目地砂の流出が防止され、表面での目地砂に問題になるような凹凸の発生はなく、平坦性の変化（低下）はなかった。
なお、本発明は上記実施例の内容に限定されるものではない。天然石敷石の形状、寸法条件、および天然石敷石の敷設条件（並べ方、目地材の使用の有無等を含む）については、舗装場所、加重条件などに応じて、本発明の請求の範囲を満足する範囲内で変更のあるものである。
【００１８】
【発明の効果】
本発明は、天然石敷石の底部に上向きの支持面を有する支持部と、この支持面に係合する係合面を有する係合部を形成して、隣接配置する天然石敷石間で支持部と係合部を係合して上面を一致させ平坦性を安定確保するものであり、側面の目地キープで目地間隔を安定確保するとともに、目地材使用の場合では、支持部の支持面と係合部の係合面との重ね合わせ効果で目地流出を防止することができる。
また、超硬回転刃などによって容易に加工でき損傷しにくい構造の透水孔を適宜の箇所に設けることにより透水性を有し、透水性と強度が要求される車道舗装にも適用することができる。
さらに、高さの調整などの作業負担が大幅に軽減でき、敷設時間、敷設コストを節減することができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】（ａ）図は、本発明の天然石敷石の基本形状例を示す立体説明図、（ｂ）図は（ａ）図の平面説明図。
【図２】図１の天然石敷石を敷設する場合の隣接する天然石敷石間の係合状態例を示す側面説明図。
【図３】（ａ）図は、図１（ａ），（ｂ）の天然石敷石に透水孔を形成してなる天然石敷石の形状例を示す立体説明図、（ｂ）図は（ａ）図の平面説明図。
【図４】（ａ）図は、図３（ｂ）のＡａ−Ａｂ矢視断面説明図、（ｂ）図は（ａ）図の部分拡大説明図。
【図５】本発明の天然石敷石の他の形状例を示す立体説明図。
【図６】本発明の天然石敷石の更に他の形状例を示す立体説明図。
【図７】本発明の天然石敷石の敷設構造を示す平面説明図。
【図８】本発明の天然石敷石の他の敷設構造を示す平面説明図。
【符号の説明】
１ ：天然石ブロック
２ ：支持部
２ａ：支持面
３ ：係合部
３ａ：係合面
４ ：目地キープ
５ ：縦溝
６ ：目地空隙
７ ：透水孔
８、９：集水孔
１０ ：貫通孔[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a natural stone paving stone that enables a pavement structure having flatness and water permeability for laying a sidewalk, a public plaza, a roadway, and the like, and a laying structure thereof.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, pavement materials such as concrete blocks, bricks, and tiles have been used mainly for paving surfaces such as sidewalks, public plazas, and roadways. In recent years, marble and granite, which have excellent durability and a solid natural beauty, have been used. A pavement structure using natural stone represented by (granite) as a paving stone has come to be used.
In recent years, in such pavement structures, from the viewpoint of flood control and groundwater management, a permeable pavement that reduces rainwater and the like into the ground by infiltrating and retaining rainwater and the like in the roadbed and subgrade has been demanded, At the same time, pavements that can maintain flatness are required from the viewpoint of barrier-free.
[0003]
Conventionally, as a pavement structure in consideration of drainage and flatness, Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 63-190302 discloses a pavement structure having a side surface portion having an upwardly inclined surface and a side surface portion having a downwardly inclined surface. Disclosed is a concrete pavement plate in which a drainage groove communicating between the front and back surfaces is formed on an inclined surface. A pavement structure that forms a flat pavement surface by preventing ups and downs between plates and realizes pavement with good drainage is disclosed.
However, it is possible to form inclined surfaces and drain grooves on the side surface because it is made of ceramics and concrete that are molded and fixed, and in the case of natural stone paving stones, processing such as ceramics and concrete is not easy. However, obtaining such a structure has a problem of processing cost.
[0004]
In order to solve such a problem, the present inventors have proposed a natural stone paving stone in which a plurality of water-permeable holes formed of boat-shaped slits penetrating from the front and back are formed, as disclosed in Utility Model Registration No. 3083535. . This water permeable hole can be easily formed using a carbide rotary blade.
However, the natural stone paving stones that are currently widely used are relatively small with a side of about 100 to 300 mm and a thickness of about 50 to 70 mm. There is a problem that skilled work is required to adjust the hardness and strike and tighten the stones, and it takes a long time to lay, and the cost burden is large.
In addition, joints are inevitably increased, and when joint materials are used, joints are uneven at the surface due to runoff of the joint materials due to penetration of rainwater, etc. There is a problem that the property is impaired.
In the case of pavement, especially in the case of roadway pavement, in the case of paving stones formed from natural stone, damage may occur due to wheel loading depending on the support state and joint condition of the paving stones, or the plane size and thickness. In the case of forming a water permeable hole penetrating on the front and back to make a crack at the upper end of the water permeable hole, when the water permeable hole is at the center of the paving stone, the crack at the end of the water permeable hole propagates There is a problem that the strength is reduced due to cracking.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present invention solves the above-mentioned problem, and realizes a pavement structure that can secure stable water permeability while minimizing the strength reduction due to the formation of water-permeable holes, and can also improve flatness, workability, and installation cost burden. It aims to provide a natural stone paving stone and its pavement structure.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention has the following (1) to (8).
(1) One side of the natural stone block is cut out in an L-shape from the upper surface side to form a support portion having an upper support surface at the bottom, and the other bottom portion is inverted L from the lower surface by the thickness of the support portion. An engagement portion having a downward engagement surface formed on the extension surface of the support portion surface by being cut out in a letter shape is formed, and a joint keep is provided at a predetermined position on a side surface, and a plurality of joints are provided in a portion without the joint keep. A natural stone paving stone characterized by forming a vertical groove.
(2) One side of the natural stone block is cut out in an L-shape from the upper surface side to form a support portion having an upward support surface at the bottom, and a joint keep is provided at a predetermined position on the side surface, and a portion having no joint keep. A natural stone paving stone characterized by having a plurality of flutes formed in it.
(3) A bottom portion of one side of the natural stone block is cut in an inverted L-shape from the lower surface to form an engaging portion having a downward engaging surface, and a joint keep is provided at a predetermined position on the side surface. A natural stone paving stone characterized by having a plurality of flutes formed in the part without the stone.
[0007]
(4) In any one of the above (1) to (3), an arc-shaped water collecting groove is crossed and formed on the upper surface side of the natural stone block, and a plurality of water-permeable holes penetrated from the intersection to the lower surface of the paving stone are provided. A natural stone paving stone characterized by being provided.
(5) In the above (4), the groove width of the upper surface in each water collecting groove is set to 2 to 10 mm and the groove width of the lower surface side is set to 1 to 5 mm. Natural stone paving stones characterized by being formed in a tapered shape that narrows toward.
(6) A laying structure of natural stone paving stones in which a plurality of the natural stone paving stones according to any one of (1) to (5) are arranged side by side, wherein a supporting surface of a supporting portion and an engaging portion are provided between adjacent natural stone paving stones. A natural stone-paved stone laying structure characterized in that upper surfaces of the stone-paved stones are made to coincide with each other by laying the engaging surfaces so as to overlap with each other, and adjacent natural stone-paved stones are held at predetermined intervals by joint keeping.
(7) In the above (6), one natural stone paving stone row in which a plurality of natural stone paving stone rows in which a plurality of natural stone paving stones are arranged side by side on the side where no support portion and the engaging portion are formed is displaced and adjacently arranged. The natural stone paving stone laying characterized by making the upper surface level of each adjacent natural stone paving stone coincide by laying the supporting surface of the supporting part of the above and the engaging surface of the engaging part of the other natural stone paving stone row so as to overlap each other. Construction.
[0008]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
The natural stone paving stone of the present invention is mainly used in a laying structure by a dry construction method. As a basic form, as shown in FIGS. To form an L-shaped support portion 2 having an upwardly facing support surface 2a, and the other bottom portion is notched from the lower surface side in an inverted L-shape to contact the adjacent natural stone-paved stone support portion support surface 2a. An engaging portion 3 having a downward engaging surface 3a in contact therewith is formed.
Then, at a predetermined position on the side surface facing the side surface of the adjacent natural stone paving stone, a joint keep 4 which maintains a predetermined interval between adjacent natural stone paving stones and also contributes to ensuring water permeability is formed, and there is no joint keep 4. A plurality of vertical grooves 5 are formed in the portion to secure the adhesion (compatibility) to the joint material when the joint material is interposed between the natural stone paving stones, and to have a structure that stably maintains the joint material function. is there.
[0009]
When the natural stone paving stone thus formed is laid on the side where the support portion 2 and the engaging portion 3 are formed, as shown in FIG. 2, the supporting portion 2 of one natural paving stone A and the other natural paving stone B The supporting surface 2a of the supporting portion 2 and the engaging surface 3a of the engaging portion 3 are overlapped with each other so as to form the joint space 3 stable by the joint keeping effect. By laying so that the upper surface level is the same between B, the flatness of the upper surface is secured stably between the adjacent natural paving stones A and B, water permeability is also ensured, and the joint space 6 is filled with joint material. In the case of using the joint material, it is possible to obtain a pavement structure capable of preventing the joint material from flowing out by the effect of the support surface 2a and the engaging surface 3a overlapped.
[0010]
The supporting portion 2 formed on one side of the natural stone paving stone is designed in consideration of the type (strength) and size of the paving stone. For example, a natural stone paving stone made of granite having a side (a) of 300 mm and a thickness (b) of 60 mm is used. In this case, the thickness (c) of the support portion 2 is 10 to 15 mm, and the support portion 2 is formed so as to have a support surface 2a with a protrusion length (d) of 15 to 30 mm over the entire width of the paving stone.
The support surface 2a may be an inclined surface, but is preferably formed on a flat surface, that is, a surface parallel to the upper and lower surfaces, because the processing load increases.
The engaging portion 3 formed on the other side of the natural stone paving stone is formed in a concave space having a shape substantially corresponding to the supporting portion 2 and has an engaging surface 3a having substantially the same area as the supporting surface 2a. The shape and dimensions are designed such that when the support portion 2 and the engaging portion 3 are engaged between the natural stone pavement stones arranged adjacent to each other, the upper and lower surface levels substantially match.
Here, when the thickness (c) of the support portion 2 is less than 10 mm, the strength of the support portion 2 is not sufficient, and the flatness of the pavement surface cannot be maintained for a long time. Further, when the thickness is more than 15 mm, the strength of the paving stone body is reduced, which is not preferable.
If the protruding length (d) of the support portion 2 is less than 15 mm, the support area is insufficient and the support function cannot be stably secured. If the thickness is more than 30 mm, the support portion 2 is easily damaged, which is not preferable.
[0011]
The joint keep 4 formed on the side surface facing the side surface of the adjacently arranged natural stone paving stone has a thickness of about 2 to 5 mm and a width of about 5 to 10 mm, and a predetermined position at which the joint keep does not overlap between the adjacently arranged natural stone paving stones. Formed. The side surface forming the joint keep 4 and the formation position of the joint keep 4 can be arbitrarily selected.
The plurality of vertical grooves 5 formed on the side of the side of the adjacent natural stone pavement facing the side of the natural stone pavement without joint keep are U-shaped or circular, having a width of about 2 to 3 mm and a depth of about 0.5 to 2 mm. The arc shape is easy to form.
By laying a plurality of natural stone paving stones having such a structure at predetermined intervals with joint joint keep 4, flatness can be ensured, and in the case of a sidewalk, the use of joint materials is omitted and a pavement structure having water permeability is obtained. In the present invention, in order to further secure the water permeability and to secure sufficient water permeability even when the joint material is used, in the present invention, FIGS. 3 (a), 3 (b) and 4 (a) are obtained. ) And (b), the formation of a plurality of water-permeable holes 7 penetrating the natural stone paving stone on the upper and lower surfaces is also considered.
In this case, the water-permeable hole 7 is easily formed with a carbide rotating blade or the like, and has a structure that is not easily damaged. The present invention realizes a natural stone pavement pavement structure which has excellent strength over a long period of time. At this time, it is desirable that the water permeable holes have a design property.
As the water-permeable hole 7, arc-shaped water collecting grooves 8, 9 of about 10 mm, which can be easily formed on the carbide rotary blade, are formed in the upper surface side of the natural stone block 1 by crossing them in a cross shape, for example. What provided the through-hole 10 penetrated in the paving stone lower surface is suitable.
From the viewpoints of preventing damage, smoothness of walking (passing), water collecting, and the like, the water collecting grooves 8 and 9 in the water-permeable holes 7 have a groove width e on the upper surface of 2 to 10 mm and a groove width on the bottom surface side. It is preferable that the water collecting grooves 8 and 9 are formed in a tapered shape in which the width of the water collecting grooves 8 and 9 is narrower toward the bottom than the opening in the upper surface, with e ′ being 1 to 5 mm.
[0012]
In addition, the above-mentioned natural stone paving stone has mainly been described as forming a support portion on one side bottom and forming an engaging portion on the other side bottom, but for example, in the case of a natural stone paving stone forming a pavement end portion Are formed with only the support portion 2 on one side bottom and without the engagement portion 3 on the other side bottom portion, or with the engagement portion 3 on one side bottom portion and the support portion 2 on the other side bottom portion. Those that do not have can also be used.
That is, in the present invention, as shown in FIG. 5, one side of the natural stone block 1 is cut out in an L-shape from the upper surface side to form a support portion 3 having a support surface 2a facing upward at a bottom portion. A joint stone keep 4 is provided, and a natural stone pavement stone having a plurality of vertical grooves 5 formed in a part where the joint stone keep 5 is not provided, or as shown in FIG. A natural stone paving stone having a notched engagement portion 3 having a downwardly engaging surface 3, a joint keep 4 provided at a predetermined position on a side surface, and a plurality of vertical grooves 5 formed at a portion where the joint keep 4 is not provided. The formation of the water permeable holes 6 as described above is also taken into consideration.
In this case, the joint keep and the vertical groove can be omitted on the outermost side surface where there is no adjacent natural stone paving stone.
[0013]
When a plurality of natural stone paving stones as described above are arranged side by side on a sand layer laid on the ground through a gravel layer by, for example, a dry method, a natural stone paving stone laying structure is obtained as shown in FIG. Paving stones A and B are arranged side by side by holding joints 4 at predetermined intervals on the side surface on which the support portion 2 and the engaging portion 3 are formed, and adjacent natural stone paving stones in natural stone paving stone rows in the A and B directions. By laying the support surface 2a of the support portion 2 and the engagement surface 3a of the engagement portion 3 so as to overlap with each other, the upper surface levels are matched, and the flatness of the pavement surface can be secured stably.
As shown in FIG. 7, the rows of natural stone-paved stones formed in the directions A and B are held at predetermined intervals by joint keeps 4 on the side surfaces on which the support portions 2 and the engagement portions 3 are not formed, as shown in FIG. And a natural stone-paved stone laying structure having flatness and water permeability can be obtained.
At this time, as shown in FIG. 7, between the natural stone-paved stone rows, the support portions 2 and the engaging portions 3 may be laid so that the engagement positions thereof coincide with each other, or may be staggered. In addition, it is not essential to fill the joint space formed by the joint keep 4 with the joint material, and it may be considered to omit the filling of the joint material. When the joint material is used, the joint portion of the support portion can prevent the joint material from flowing out by overlapping the support surface and the engagement surface.
[0014]
In the above-described laying structure, the natural stone paving stone rows in the A and B directions in which a plurality of natural stone paving stones are arranged on the side surface on which the supporting portion 2 and the engaging portion 3 are formed are formed on the side surface on which the supporting portion and the engaging portion are not formed. As shown in FIG. 8, natural stone paving stones are arranged on the side of the side where the support portion 2 and the engaging portion 3 are not formed, as shown in FIG. , The natural stone-paved stone rows in the B-direction are displaced adjacent to each other, and the support surface 2a of the support part 2 of the natural stone-paved stone rows in the A and A directions and the engaging part 3 of the natural stone-paved stone rows in the B and B directions The upper surface level of each natural stone paving stone adjacent on the side surface on which the support portion 2 and the engagement portion 3 are formed and on the side surface side on which the support portion 2 and the engagement portion 3 are not formed by laying the engagement surface 3a on top of each other. May be matched to form a laying structure capable of simultaneously securing the entire flatness.
[0015]
When natural stone paving stones are used for roadway pavement, there is a problem of pavement by a wet method as a cause of damage. In other words, in the wet method, the joint mortar and the spread mortar are hardened by water because they are hardened with water. Will occur.
In order to solve such problems, a dry method without mortar is effective, and if natural stone paving stones are arranged directly on the sand layer instead of using cement mortar, there is an effect that the paving stones are compacted by the passage of the vehicle .
When sand is used as a joint material in addition to the paving sand, there is a drawback that the paving stone is easy to move. This is because surface drainage enters the joints and affects the stability of the foundation, and joint materials may flow out during heavy rain.
However, in the present invention, the entire surface of the natural stone paving stones is made permeable, and the support part 2 and the engaging part 3 are engaged and laid between the adjacent natural stone paving stones, so that the support surface of the superposed supporting part 2 is laid. The joint surface 2a and the engaging surface 3a of the engaging portion 3 can prevent the joint material from flowing out when the joint material is used.
As a result, it is possible to establish a natural stone-paved stone laying structure excellent in flatness and water permeability by a dry method that has a high fixing force and is durable for a long time.
[0016]
Embodiment 1
An example of the present invention will be described below in the case of a roadway pavement structure using the natural stone paving stone of the present invention.
The natural stone paving stone used in this embodiment basically has a structure as shown in FIGS. 3A to 3D, and is a flat natural stone block of 300 mm × 300 mm × 60 mm (thickness). A support portion having a thickness (c) of 15 mm and a protruding length (d) of 20 mm is formed at the bottom on one side, and a concave space engaging portion 3 having a shape substantially equivalent to the support portion 2 is formed at the bottom on the other side. A joint keep 4 for forming a joint gap 6 of 3 mm is formed on each side surface, and a U-shaped vertical groove 5 having a width of about 5 mm and a depth of about 2 mm is formed in a portion where the joint keep 4 is not provided. Are formed, and water permeable holes 6 are provided at four corners.
This water-permeable hole 6 is tapered with a groove width e of approximately 5 mm on the upper surface and a bottom groove width e ′ of approximately 3 mm, and has a length (L) on the upper surface and a depth (h) from the upper surface of approximately 10 mm from the surface. Are formed by crossing the arc-shaped water collecting grooves 8 and 9, and a through hole 10 penetrating from the intersection to the back of the paving stone.
[0017]
As shown in FIG. 8, the natural stone paving stones are placed on the side of the side where the supporting portion 2 and the engaging portion 3 are not formed, on a sand layer where a plurality of natural stone paving stones having such a structure are laid on the ground via a gravel layer. The natural stone-paved stone rows in the directions A and A and the natural stone-paved stone rows in the directions B and B are arranged adjacent to each other at different positions, and the supporting surface 2a of the support portion 2 of one natural stone-paved stone row and the other. The side surfaces on which the support portions 2 and the engagement portions 3 are formed and the side surfaces on which the support portions 2 and the engagement portions 3 are not formed by overlapping and laying the engagement surfaces 3a of the engagement portions 3 of the natural stone-paved stone rows. The upper surface level was matched between adjacent natural stone paving stones, and joint sand was filled into joint voids 6 formed by joint keeping 4 between the natural stone paving stones, and a natural stone paving stone pavement structure having flatness and water permeability was laid. .
In this natural stone pavement pavement structure, the laying time was greatly reduced, and the flatness of the obtained pavement surface was sufficiently satisfactory. In addition, as a result of carrying out weight application and water spraying by passing through the vehicle, there was no problematic damage to the natural stone paving stones, the drainage was good, and the water permeability was sufficiently satisfactory. In addition, the joint sand was prevented from flowing out, and there was no occurrence of irregularities that would cause problems with the joint sand on the surface, and there was no change (decrease) in flatness.
The present invention is not limited to the contents of the above embodiment. The shape and dimensions of the natural stone paving stones, and the conditions for laying the natural stone paving stones (including the way of arranging them, the use of jointing materials, and the like) are determined according to the pavement location, the weighting conditions, and the like. Something has changed within.
[0018]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, a support portion having an upward support surface at the bottom of a natural stone paving stone and an engaging portion having an engaging surface engaging with the supporting surface are formed, and the supporting portion is engaged with the supporting portion between adjacently disposed natural stone paving stones. The joints are engaged so that the top surfaces are aligned and the flatness is ensured, and the joints are kept stable with the joints on the side surfaces. Joint outflow can be prevented by the effect of overlapping with the engaging surface.
In addition, by providing a water permeable hole having a structure that can be easily processed by a carbide rotating blade or the like and is hardly damaged, it has water permeability and can be applied to a road pavement that requires water permeability and strength. .
Further, the work load such as height adjustment can be greatly reduced, and the installation time and installation cost can be reduced.
[Brief description of the drawings]
1A is a three-dimensional explanatory view showing an example of a basic shape of a natural stone paving stone of the present invention, and FIG. 1B is a plan explanatory view of FIG.
FIG. 2 is an explanatory side view showing an example of an engagement state between adjacent natural stone paving stones when the natural stone paving stones of FIG. 1 are laid.
FIG. 3 (a) is a three-dimensional explanatory view showing an example of the shape of a natural stone-paved stone having a water-permeable hole formed in the natural stone-paved stone of FIGS. 1 (a) and 1 (b), and FIG. FIG.
4A is a cross-sectional explanatory view taken along the line Aa-Ab in FIG. 3B, and FIG. 4B is a partially enlarged explanatory view of FIG. 3A.
FIG. 5 is a three-dimensional explanatory view showing another example of the shape of the natural stone paving stone of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a three-dimensional explanatory view showing still another example of the shape of the natural stone paving stone of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is an explanatory plan view showing the laying structure of the natural stone paving stone of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is an explanatory plan view showing another laying structure of the natural stone paving stone of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
1: natural stone block 2: support portion 2a: support surface 3: engaging portion 3a: engaging surface 4: joint keep 5: vertical groove 6: joint void 7: water-permeable holes 8, 9: water collecting hole 10: through hole
