JP2004033145A - Roof greening structure by climbing plant - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a roof greening structure capable of readily greening, reducing a weight burden to a building to the utmost, having a slight cost burden and readily carrying out maintenance after installation. <P>SOLUTION: In the roof greening structure applying a climbing plant onto a sloping roof surface of the building, a planting base material 5 is provided in the peripheral part of the roof surface and/or a ridge and the climbing plant 8 is planted on the planting base material 5 and the sloping roof surface 2c is greened by the climbing plant 8 grown from the planting base material 5. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a roof greening structure using climbing plants.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In recent years, especially in urban areas, greening spaces have been secured and greening has been promoted for the purpose of improving the environment against the heat island phenomenon and air pollution. In buildings, various types of plants have been placed on walls, rooftops, and roofs. Is being planted for greening. As a method of greening the roof surface, for example, a method of laying multiple planters on a flat roof (roof) and arranging it on the roof, or laying down soil on a sloped roof with waterproof sheets, partitions, etc. to prevent runoff, It is a method of artificially creating the same environment on the roof surface as growing plants.
However, in the above method, there are problems that it takes a lot of trouble and cost for installation, and that the burden on the building and the maintenance after the transplantation become troublesome. In addition, during rainfall, soil may flow onto the roof surface and contaminate the appearance.
Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2002-45031 (prior application) has been proposed as a greening method with reduced maintenance.
In the prior application, a water-impervious sheet was installed on the roof, a seed-holding material holding seeds was provided on the water-impervious sheet, and a plurality of growing bases in which vine-like plant seedlings were planted on the seed-retaining material. It is to arrange.
However, although the prior application has reduced the maintenance aspect due to the use of climbing plants, the work involved in installing the impermeable sheet on the roof, the time and effort required for installation, the burden on the building, etc. The problem had not been solved.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The problem to be solved is, firstly, a roof greening structure that can be easily greened, reduces the weight burden on the building as much as possible, has low cost burden, and is easy to maintain after installation. A roof greening structure capable of efficiently greening the roof surface by providing a guide member and guiding the growth direction of the plant. Thirdly, when the amount of rainfall is insufficient, the water necessary for growth is artificially removed. A roof greening structure that can be supplied, fourthly, a roof greening structure having a high water retention capacity in a planting substrate on which climbing plants grow, and fifthly, a planting tree on which climbing plants grow. It is an object of the present invention to provide a roof greening structure capable of automatically adjusting an appropriate amount of water in a planting base material.
[0004]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the object described above, according to the present invention, in a roof greening structure for applying climbing plants to a sloped roof surface of a building, a peripheral portion and / or a ridge of the roof surface has a planting base material. A climbing plant is planted on the planting substrate, and the sloped roof surface is greened with climbing plants growing from the planting substrate.
Roof surface periphery refers to the eaves near the eaves, near the keraba, and on a single-flow roof (the roof surface is one level). The eaves are provided outside the eaves, the inner gutters are provided inside the eaves, and the valleys are connected to the eaves. Gutters are included. In addition, the ridge includes not only a ridge with a single-flow roof but also a ridge at a boundary portion between roof surfaces in various roof shapes such as a gable roof and a ridge roof.
The planting base material has at least a planting layer, and has a planting layer in a container such as a box-shaped planter or a cylindrical pot (pot), and provides a partition wall in a space such as a gutter, It may be one having a planting layer in a partitioned portion, or a planting layer / container in which a material such as coconut palm or rock wool with which a climbing plant can entangle the roots is fixed in a predetermined shape. For example, if such a planting base is provided in a ridge, a gantry may be installed in the ridge and a planting base such as a planter may be placed thereon, or a hook in the case of an eaves or keraba. Or when fixed in a gutter, a partition wall is provided in the gutter, and a part separated from the gutter part for flowing rainwater is formed as a planting base material. good. In addition, the planting base material may be provided over the entire periphery of the roof surface and / or the ridge, or may be provided in a box shape by dividing into several places (including a case where the planter is placed as it is), Alternatively, it may be formed so as to surround in a cylindrical shape (in a pot shape) and partially provided. This seeding substrate may be provided in advance at the time of new installation, or may be installed later on an existing one as long as it has a required strength.
The planting layer may be any material as long as the roots of the climbing plant can be fixed and grow stably, and may be soil, an artificial sheet, or a mat-like material. Further, it is preferable that the plant also has a water retention ability according to the climbing plant to be planted.
The material of the gutter may be resin, metal, or concrete, and is not particularly limited as long as it has a required strength, and the shape is not particularly limited. For example, in the case of a concrete gutter in a relatively large building (when formed integrally with a concrete building), the gutter has a sufficient size and strength, so that a normal gutter is used as a base material for planting. Planters used for horticulture may be laid side by side.
The climbing plants include all plants that are elongated and entangled with other things, or that are extended by stems that crawl on the ground, such as ivy, tequila, tsurumasaki, fujita, and ivy. When planting in a ridge, a hanging type climbing plant is planted. In a planting at the eaves or keraba, a climbing plant climbing by directly adsorbing or climbing with a guide member is planted as appropriate. Thus, effective climbing plants in the greening mode are selected or combined.
[0005]
According to a second aspect of the present invention, the sloped roof surface is provided with a guide member that entangles the climbing plant.
The guide member is used to promote greening of the roof surface by entwining the climbing plant with the guide member and growing it in a desired direction. The guide member may be in the form of a string (rope, wire, or the like) or may be in the form of a mesh (net, (Lath net, expanded metal, etc.) or perforated plate (punched metal, etc.), or a form in which a string of ropes, wires, etc. are stretched in a mesh form. In short, vine plants are entangled. Anything that can grow can be used. The guide member may be provided on the entire roof surface, or may not necessarily be provided on the entire roof surface, and may be appropriately provided at a location where greening is desired. In particular, in the case of planting with a planting base material provided at the eaves, it is preferable to have a guide member. It is preferable that the guide member is installed slightly away from the roof surface (the vines are easily entangled, and heat is easily radiated by the wind between the roof member and the roof). The guide member may be attached by a known attachment means such as a screw, a nail, a hook-shaped metal fitting, or an adhesive. When the eaves gutter is provided around the roof surface, for example, if the guide member is sandwiched and fixed to the wall portion of the eaves gutter using a clip-shaped metal fitting, without making a hole in the eaves of the roof surface Can be fixed. When installing the guide member on the roof surface, if a hole is directly formed on the roof surface with screws, nails, or the like, it is preferable to perform a waterproof treatment such as applying a sealing material.
Before the guide member is installed on the roof surface to be greened, a climbing plant may be grown and entangled in advance, and then installed on the roof surface later. In this case, the plant can be immediately greened without waiting for the growth of the climbing plant.
[0006]
According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a watering means for supplying water to the planting substrate.
The watering means is used to supply the water required by the transplanted climbing plants.In addition to the case where the plants themselves require a large amount of water, the natural water is only used when the amount of rainfall in the area is small. Is used when moisture is insufficient. This watering means is not particularly limited as long as it can supply water, such as storing tap water and rainwater in a tank of a watering apparatus and supplying water to a planting substrate through a watering pipe or the like. Further, the liquid fertilizer mixed with fertilizer may be supplied, or the amount of supplied water may be adjusted.
It is not always necessary to irrigate the planting substrate directly.For example, when a planting substrate is installed in a gutter, water is naturally supplied to the gutter, that is, the planting substrate, by flowing water on the roof surface. Is done.
[0007]
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the planting substrate, the upper layer is a planting layer, and the lower layer is a water retaining layer.
As the water retaining layer, one having a water retaining amount is appropriately selected according to the climbing plant to be planted.
[0008]
According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, the planting base material has a water passage that communicates with the gutter.
The water passage port works when the planting base material and the gutter portion communicate with each other when the planting base material is provided inside the gutter or adjacent to the outside of the gutter. The water inlet may be a hole or a slit, a pipe may be provided, or a hole having a size that does not allow the planting layer (soil or the like) to flow out. The location of the water inlet is appropriately selected according to the climbing plant to be planted, such as providing a higher position when the climbing plant requires a large amount of water, and providing a lower position when the climbing plant hardly needs it. In addition, when the planting base material is provided in the gutter, if the planting base material side of the gutter is lowered, water easily passes through the water inlet and accumulates in the planting base material.
[0009]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
1 and 2 illustrate one embodiment of a roof greening structure using a climbing plant according to the present invention. The inside of an eaves gutter 3 provided on an eaves 2a of a roof 2 of a building 1 is a gutter. Are divided into inner and outer sides by a partition wall portion 4 arranged over the entire length, a gutter portion 3a is provided inside, and a planting base material 5 is provided outside. Further, between the eaves 2a of the roof 2 and the guide holders 6 of the ridge 2b, a guide member 7 is installed in a tension state in a state of floating apart from the ridge 2b and the sloped roof surface 2c.
[0010]
The planting base material 5 includes a partition wall 4 provided in a gutter and a planting layer 5 provided in a partitioned portion. The planting base material 5 includes a part of the gutter, the partition wall 4 provided in the gutter, and the planting layer 5b. The climbing plant 8 planted in the planting layer 5b grows over the partition wall portion 4 and entangles along the guide member 7, thereby greening and finishing the sloped roof surface 2c. ing.
The guide member 7 is formed in a mesh shape, and both ends of the vertical line 7a in the eave ridge direction are provided on the guide holder 6 of the eaves 2a and the ridge 2b, and both ends of the horizontal line 7b in the girder direction are provided on the guide holder 6 of the keraba 2d. The intersection of the vertical line 7a and the horizontal line 7b is held by the guide holders 6 on the sloped roof surface 2c so as to be stretched so as to float on the sloped roof surface 2c. By maintaining a constant space between the vines, the climbing plants 8 that grow around the guide member 7 and grow and green the entire sloped roof surface 2c can be prevented from scattering even when blown by wind or the like. Deterrence is possible so that it can be done with a limited flutter.
[0011]
FIG. 3 illustrates another embodiment of the roof greening structure using climbing plants according to the present invention. The configuration is basically the same as that of the embodiment of FIG. The description of the configuration will be omitted by applying the same reference numerals, and different configurations will be described.
The guide member 7 is in the form of a string, and both ends of the member are held by the guide holders 6 of the eaves 2a and the ridge 2b, and a constant space is maintained between the eaves 2a and the sloped roof surface 2c. The guide members 7 are stretched in parallel in the direction of the eaves ridge. The climbing plants 8 that grow around the guide members 7 and grow to green the sloped roof surface 2c are not scattered even if the plants are blown by wind or the like. It can be prevented and deterred to minimize flutter.
[0012]
FIG. 4 illustrates another embodiment of the roof greening structure using climbing plants according to the present invention. The configuration is basically the same as that of the embodiment of FIG. The description of the configuration will be omitted by applying the same reference numerals, and different configurations will be described.
Inside the eaves gutter 3, box-shaped planting bases 5 are installed at substantially equal intervals along the gutter direction, and extend from the planting layer 5 b of each planting base 5 to the nearest guide member 7. The sloped roof surface 2c is greened by the climbing plants 8 entangled and growing. As the planting base material 5, a container such as a small planter may be used.
[0013]
FIG. 5 illustrates another embodiment of the roof greening structure using climbing plants according to the present invention. The configuration is basically the same as that of the embodiment of FIG. The description of the configuration will be omitted by applying the same reference numerals, and different configurations will be described.
In the eaves gutter 3, bottomed cylindrical planting bases 5 are installed at substantially equal intervals along the gutter direction, and extend from the planting layer 5 b of each planting base 5 to provide the nearest guide. The sloped roof surface 2c is greened by the climbing plants 8 that are entangled with the member 7 and grow. A plant such as a small pot may be used as the planting base material 5.
[0014]
FIG. 6 illustrates another embodiment of a roof greening structure using climbing plants according to the present invention, in which a planting base material 5 is installed on a gantry 9 fixed to a ridge 2 b of a roof 2. I have. Further, a guide member 7 is erected between the sloped roof surface 2c on the side of the gantry 9 and the guide holder 6 at the eaves tip 2a in a tensioned state so as to float away from the sloped roof surface 2c. The planting base material 5 is a planter, and the climbing plant 8 in the planting layer 5b grows so as to extend downward beyond the upper edge of the planting base material 5 and become entangled along the guide member 7, thereby providing a sloped roof. The surface 2c is greened and finished.
Further, the guide member portion of the guide member 7 which is stretched in a state of being floated on the sloped roof surface 2c is held at several places by a guide holder 6 which is erected on the sloped roof surface 2c. By maintaining a certain space between the sloping roof surface 2c and the sloped roof surface 2c, even when the climbing plants 8 entangled with the guide member 7 and grown by the wind or the like are splashed, the scattering is prevented, and the fluttering is minimized. It can be suppressed so that it can be done.
[0015]
FIG. 7 illustrates another embodiment of the roof greening structure using climbing plants according to the present invention. Since the configuration is basically the same as that of the embodiment of FIG. 1 described above, it is common. The description of the configuration will be omitted by applying the same reference numerals, and different configurations will be described.
An irrigation device 11 is connected to the eaves gutter 3 via a water pipe 10. Rainwater collected on the eaves gutter 3 along the sloped roof surface 2 c flows from the water pipe 10 into the irrigation tank 12 and is stored. I am trying to.
The watering apparatus 11 is connected to the planting base material 5 via a water pipe 13 so that rainwater in the watering tank 12 can be pumped up by the pump 14 to supply water to the planting base material 5 at any time.
[0016]
FIG. 8 illustrates another example of the planting base material in the roof greening structure using the climbing plant according to the present invention. The eaves gutter 3 and the separate planting base material 5 are separated from the eaves gutter 3 outer surface. A hook portion 5d is provided on the upper edge of the vertical rear surface portion 5c that is in contact with the rear surface portion 5c. The hook portion 5d is formed on the upper edge of the outer side surface portion 3b of the eaves gutter 3 so as to be detachable. The planting base material 5 is detachably hooked and attached to the eaves gutter 3.
[0017]
FIG. 9 illustrates another embodiment of the planting base material in the roof greening structure of the climbing plant according to the present invention. The planting base material 5 integrated with the eaves gutter 3 is an upper layer planting material. It has an upper and lower two-layer structure including a planting layer 5b and a lower water retention layer 5e, and makes it possible to replenish water from the water retention layer 5e with respect to the planting layer 5b where the climbing plants are planted. Further, a water passage 4a is provided below the partition wall portion 4 separating the planting base material 5 and the gutter portion 3a, and surplus water on the planting base material 5 side passes through the water passage port 4a to form the gutter portion 3a. The rainwater and the like on the side of the gutter 3a pass through the water inlet 4a and are replenished to the water retaining layer 5e.
[0018]
FIG. 10 illustrates another embodiment of the planting base material in the roof greening structure of the climbing plant of the present invention. Since the configuration is basically the same as that of the embodiment of FIG. The description of the configuration is omitted by applying the same reference numerals, and different configurations will be described.
The eaves gutter 3 has the planting base material 5 side lower than the gutter portion 3a side, and is formed so that water easily accumulates on the water retention layer 5e side.
[0019]
Each of the above-described embodiments is merely an example of the present invention. As another embodiment, for example, the eaves gutter 3 of FIGS. 8 to 10 may be replaced with the eaves gutter 3 of FIGS. good.
[0020]
【The invention's effect】
A. According to the first aspect, the roof surface is greened, which can contribute to alleviation of the heat island phenomenon. Since the climbing plants are planted only on the periphery of the roof surface and / or the planting base material of the ridge, the work is easy and the cost is small. Since the entire roof is not covered with soil or installed on a slope, the weight burden on the building is small. When the base material for planting is installed on the roof surface, for example, in a gutter, it can be installed in any of the eaves gutter, inner gutter, and valley gutter. Therefore, the labor for irrigation can be reduced. Since it is only necessary to provide a planting base material, it can be easily installed on an existing roof as well as a new building. Generally, climbing plants grow and reproduce naturally only by planting roots and giving water, so maintenance is easier than other plants. Since no soil or the like is placed on the sloped roof surface, the appearance is not stained during rainfall.
B. According to the second aspect, by further providing a guide member, the growth direction of the climbing plant is guided, so that the roof surface can be efficiently greened. Depending on how the guide member is installed, a desired greening location can be selected and greened.
C. According to the third aspect, when the amount of rainfall is insufficient, water can be artificially supplied. Supplying liquid fertilizer mixed with fertilizer can promote plant growth. In the case of watering, the prior application requires watering the entire roof surface, whereas the present invention only requires watering around the roof surface and / or the ridge. The labor is reduced.
D. According to the fourth aspect, even when the amount of rainfall is insufficient, moisture can be retained for a long time by the water retention layer, and the soil layer can be kept in an appropriate wet state to reduce the labor for irrigation.
E. FIG. According to the fifth aspect, excess water can be discharged from the planting substrate to the outside through the water inlet. On the other hand, when the amount of rainfall is small, water collected in the gutter can be supplied from the water inlet into the planting base material, and rainwater can be used effectively.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a side view illustrating one embodiment of a roof greening structure using climbing plants of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a perspective view.
FIG. 3 is a perspective view illustrating another embodiment of the roof greening structure using climbing plants according to the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a perspective view illustrating another embodiment of the roof greening structure using climbing plants according to the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a perspective view illustrating another embodiment of the roof greening structure using climbing plants according to the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a side view illustrating another embodiment of the roof greening structure using climbing plants of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a side view illustrating another embodiment of the roof greening structure with climbing plants of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is an enlarged cross-sectional view illustrating another embodiment of the planting base material in the roof greening structure using climbing plants according to the present invention.
FIG. 9 is an enlarged cross-sectional view illustrating another embodiment of the planting base material in the roof greening structure using climbing plants of the present invention.
FIG. 10 is an enlarged cross-sectional view illustrating another embodiment of a planting base material in a roof greening structure using climbing plants according to the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Building 2 Roof 2a eaves 2b ridge 2c sloped roof 2d keraba 3 eaves (gutter)
3a Gutter 3b Outer side 4 Partition wall 4a Water inlet 5 Planting base 5a Waterproof container 5b Planting layer 5c Back 5d Hook 5e Water retention layer 6 Guide holder 7 Guide member 7a Vertical line 7b Horizontal line 8 Plant 9 Mount 10 Water pipe 11 Irrigation device 12 Irrigation tank 13 Water pipe 14 Pump

Claims (5)

In a roof greening structure for applying climbing plants to a sloped roof surface of a building, a roof surface periphery and / or a ridge has a planting substrate, and the climbing plant is planted with climbing plants, A roof greening structure made of climbing plants, wherein the sloped roof surface is greened with climbing plants growing from the planting substrate. The roof greening structure of a climbing plant according to claim 1, wherein the sloped roof surface is provided with a guide member that entangles the climbing plant. 3. The roof greening structure of a climbing plant according to claim 1, further comprising a watering means for supplying water to the planting substrate. The roof greening structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the planting substrate has an upper layer as a planting layer and a lower layer as a water retaining layer. The greenery structure for a roof made of climbing plants according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the planting base material has a water passage that communicates with the gutter.

Images