JP2004027647A - Steel structure of house, and its construction method - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide the steel structure of a house easily constructed at a low manufacturing cost and having excellent reliability, and its construction method. <P>SOLUTION: This steel structure 1 is a structure provided with a support body 3 embedded in a horizontal posture in a mat foundation 2; a plurality of columns 4 with the lower ends fastened to the support body 3 by bolts; and beams 5, 6 with both ends fastened to the plurality of columns 4 by bolts. All of the support body 3, columns 4 and beams 5, 6 are building members formed of H-shape steel, and arranged with prescribed spans in a beam direction, a girder direction and a vertical direction. Weld parts in the whole steel structure 1 are reduced to simultaneously attain shortening of a construction period of the house, and reduction of cost related to construction. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a steel structure of a house related to rebuilding, rebuilding, custom building, and the like, and a construction method thereof.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, it is known to weld or bolt the lower ends of a plurality of columns to anchor bolts protruding from the upper surface of a solid foundation. Such a steel frame structure forms a solid foundation by welding an anchor bolt to a reinforcing bar assembled on a house ground and solidifying the reinforcing bar and the anchor bolt with concrete. In the course of this construction, the anchor bolt frequently tilts slightly or moves from a predetermined position.
[0003]
For this reason, when the columns are fixed to the anchor bolts, the arrangement of the columns and the interval between the columns will slightly increase or decrease, and in the process of bridging the beam between the columns, It is necessary for an operator or the like to adjust the welding position of the beam as necessary, or to adopt an adjustable steel structure as illustrated in FIG. That is, in the figure, a box-shaped joint body (column joint) J is interposed in the vertical direction of the column P, and a joint member J1 for connecting the beam B is welded to a side surface of the joint body J. It is an exploded perspective view of a structure. The column P is one as a whole, but the joint body J is sandwiched between the short columns P0, and these are welded to each other.
[0004]
At the construction site, after the column P is set up on the solid foundation, the beam B made of the H-shaped steel is abutted against the tip e of the joint member J1 also made of the H-shaped steel with the web w standing upright. Then, the webs w and w1 of the beam B and the joint member J1 are sandwiched between the pair of connection plates P. The connection plate P is a steel plate straddling the webs w and w1. Bolts and nuts (not shown) are inserted through a plurality of bolt insertion holes (not shown) formed in the webs w and w1 and the connection plate P.
[0005]
Since the inner diameter of the bolt insertion hole is set larger than the shaft diameter of the bolt / nut, the position of the beam B can be adjusted by slightly moving the beam B in the longitudinal direction with respect to the joint material J1. After this, the bolts and nuts are fastened. Similarly, the flange f of the beam B and the joint material J1 flange f1 are bolted via a pair of connection plates P1. This construction procedure is omitted because it is not much different from the case using the connection plate P described above.
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In the above-described steel structure, there are problems that it takes a long time to manufacture the steel frame due to the large number of welding points, and the manufacturing cost of the steel frame rises as much welding is performed at many points. Further, since the welding work depends on the intuition and experience of the craftsman, there may be individual differences in finish and strength. Further, there is a problem that it is difficult to determine whether the strength is sufficient. Another problem is that the welding operation cannot be performed again.
[0007]
Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a steel frame structure of a house which is inexpensive to manufacture, can be easily constructed, and has excellent reliability, and a construction method thereof.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The steel structure of a house according to the present invention includes a support made of H-shaped steel buried in a horizontal posture on a solid foundation of the house, and a space provided in the longitudinal direction of the support, with a lower end bolted to the support. A plurality of pillars made of H-shaped steel to be fixed, and beams made of H-shaped steel bolted to both ends of the plurality of pillars are provided.
[0009]
Further, in the steel structure of the house according to the present invention, the web of the support made of H-shaped steel is in an upright posture, and the web of the column made of H-shaped steel is in an attitude along the longitudinal direction of the support, An end plate provided at the lower end of each of the plurality of columns is bolted to a flange at an upper portion of the support, and the end plates provided at both ends of the beam are provided. , And bolted to opposite flanges of the columns.
[0010]
Furthermore, the steel structure of a house according to the present invention is a steel structure in which a plurality of houses each including the support, the columns, and the beams are arranged, and the houses of the plurality share the support. It is.
[0011]
Furthermore, the steel structure of a house according to the present invention includes a step of placing a support made of H-shaped steel on a residential land in a horizontal posture, and disposing a plurality of columns upright at intervals in the longitudinal direction of the support. And bolting the lower ends of the plurality of columns to the support,
A step of arranging a beam between the plurality of columns and bolting both ends of the beam to the plurality of columns, and placing concrete around the support to bury the support; Forming a foundation.
[0012]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
A steel structure of a house according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 is a front view of a bone structure 1 of a three-story house according to the present embodiment, and a direction indicated by an arrow X in the figure is a beam direction. FIG. 2 is a side view of the steel structure 1, and a direction indicated by an arrow Y in the figure is a girder direction. A direction indicated by an arrow Z in FIGS. 1 and 2 is defined as a vertical (vertical) direction. However, arrows X, Y, and Z are relative indices determined for convenience of description, and do not limit the direction or posture of steel structure 1.
[0013]
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the steel structure 1 includes a support 3 buried in a solid foundation 2 in a horizontal posture, a plurality of pillars 4 having lower ends bolted to the support 3, and a plurality of pillars 4. And beams 5, 6 having both ends bolted. The support 3, the columns 4 and the beams 5, 6 are all building members made of H-shaped steel, which are arranged with a predetermined span in the beam direction, the girder direction, and the vertical direction.
[0014]
Specifically, as shown in FIG. 3 showing a main part a of FIG. 1, the support 3 has a horizontal posture in which the web 3w is upright and the flange 3f is vertically separated. The column 4 has a pair of upright postures in which the web 4w is along the beam direction and the flange 4f is separated in the beam direction. FIG. 4 shows an AA cross section of FIG. In FIG. 4, the support 3 shown in FIG. 3 is referred to as a support 3x and a support 3y, respectively, in which a longitudinal direction is directed to a beam direction and a longitudinal direction is directed to a girder direction.
[0015]
The flange 3f on the upper part of the support body 3x has a total of eight bolt insertion holes 8 formed at two locations at a predetermined pitch in the beam direction. The upper flange 3f of the support 3y has two bolt insertion holes 8 formed therein. On the other hand, the end plate 4e of the pillar 4 has bolt insertion holes (same symbols) at positions corresponding to a total of 12 bolt insertion holes 8 of the support 3x and the support 3y. The number of the bolts and nuts 7, the number of the bolt insertion holes 8, and the standard of the H-shaped steel are items that can be appropriately changed or selected according to the scale of the house or the like.
[0016]
The bolts and nuts 7 shown in FIG. 3 are respectively inserted into the bolt insertion holes 8 at a total of 12 places of the flange 3f and the end plate 4e. By tightening these bolts and nuts 7, the end plate 4 e provided at the lower end of the column 4 is fastened to the upper flange 3 f of the support 3. As shown in FIG. 3, a reinforcing rib 4r made of a steel plate is provided at a corner between the web 4w of the column 4 and the end plate 4e.
[0017]
As shown in FIG. 4, a rib 3r made of a steel plate in a posture along the web 3w of the support 3y is provided between a pair of flanges 3f vertically separated from the support 3x. By bolting the rib 3r to the web 3w of the support 3y, the support 3x and the support 3y are firmly connected. Since such a bolting structure is a well-known technique, detailed illustration is omitted.
[0018]
As shown in FIG. 1, the beam 5 has a pair of horizontal postures in which the web 5 w is upright and the flanges 5 f are vertically separated. As shown in detail in FIG. 5, the connection structure between the column 4 and the beam 5 is such that an end plate 5 e provided at both ends of the beam 5 (only the left end in the drawing) is formed by a plurality of bolts and nuts 7. It is fastened to the flange 4f of the adjacent column 4 (the column at the right end in FIG. 1) facing this. The point that a plurality of bolt insertion holes for inserting the bolts and nuts 7 are formed in the end plate 5e and the flange 4f is the same as described above.
[0019]
As shown in FIG. 1, the beam 5 is a single H-shaped steel, but the beam 6 is formed by tilting and joining two H-shaped steels so as to form a mountain shape along the slope of the roof of the house. . As shown in detail in FIG. 6, the connection structure between the column 4 and the beam 6 is such that an end plate 6 e provided at both ends (only the left end in the drawing) of the beam 6 has a flange 4 f and a bolt 4 It is fastened to the flange 4f of the adjacent column 4 (the column at the right end in FIG. 1) facing this. The point that a plurality of bolt insertion holes for inserting the bolts and nuts 7 are formed in the end plate 6e and the flange 4f is the same as described above.
[0020]
As shown in FIG. 5 and FIG. 6, in order to further improve the strength, a steel plate is formed between the flanges 4 f separated from each other in the beam direction at the portions where the beams 5 and 6 of the column 4 are bolted. The reinforcing rib 9 is provided in a horizontal posture. Further, joint members 5a and 11a made of a steel plate are joined to the reinforcing rib 9 in an upright posture, and another beam 5 and a brace 11 extending in the beam direction are connected to each. By providing the reinforcing ribs 9 on the columns 4, the columns 4 and the beams 5 and 6 can be rigidly joined in the beam direction, and the columns 4 are reinforced by the braces 11 in the beam direction.
[0021]
Next, a construction method of a steel frame of a house will be described. The steel frame structure 1 is assembled through the steps denoted by reference signs A to D below.
[0022]
A: As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the support 3 made of H-shaped steel is installed on the residential land G in a horizontal posture in which the longitudinal direction is along the beam direction or the girder direction. The residential land G means a flat land such as a newly constructed land exclusively, but covers all places where a house can be constructed. The residential land G may be vacant, but it is preferable to lay a dump foundation in advance.
[0023]
As described above, in order to bring the support 3 into an accurate horizontal posture, the support 3 is supported using a simple jack or the like, and the posture of the support 3 is gradually corrected while checking the level. It is also possible to adopt a method of going. In order to secure a space for a jack or the like to enter between the support 3 and the residential land G, the support 3 may be raised, for example, by about 100 mm from a discarded foundation. In order to firmly fix the support 3, the support 3 is joined to a reinforcing bar embedded in the solid foundation 2 (not formed at this time).
[0024]
B: A plurality of columns 4 are arranged upright at intervals in the longitudinal direction of the support 3. This work is performed by lifting one of the plurality of pillars 4 by a crane or the like and in an upright posture. In this state, the end plate 4e provided at the lower end of the one column 4 is fastened to the upper portion 3f of the support 3 by the bolts and nuts 7. After this fastening is completed, the same operation is repeated for the other columns 4.
[0025]
C: As shown in FIGS. 1, 5 and 6, beams 5, 6 are arranged between the columns 4. This operation is performed by lifting one of the beams 5 and 6 among the plurality of beams 5 and 6 using a crane or the like and in a horizontal posture. In this state, end plates 5e and 6e provided at both ends of the beams 5 and 6 are fastened to the flanges 4f of the columns 4 by bolts and nuts 7, respectively. After this fastening is completed, the same operation is repeated for the other beams 5, 6.
[0026]
As described above, the support 3, the column 4, and the beams 5, 6 are fastened by the bolts and nuts 7, respectively. Therefore, in actual construction, the bolts and nuts 7 are first tightened relatively loosely, and the support 3. The bolts and nuts 7 are strongly tightened after properly adjusting the positions of the columns 4, the beams 4, and the beams 5 and 6 so that no gaps are formed between the columns 4 and the beams 5 and 6 or twisting or compressive force is applied.
[0027]
This is an advantage in comparison with the case where the support 3, the column 4, and the beams 5, 6 are joined by welding. That is, when the support 3, the column 4 and the beams 5, 6 are framed and welded, the support 3, the column 4, or the beams 5, 6 are twisted or compressed due to delicate expansion and contraction of the H-shaped steel due to heat. Residual stress may occur. For further comparison, in the case where the support 3, the column 4, and the beams 5, 6 are fastened by bolts and nuts 7, respectively, the bolts and nuts 7 can be disassembled as many times as necessary and loosened. On the other hand, it is difficult to confirm the presence or absence of the residual stress described above or to remove it after the welding is completed.
[0028]
In addition, since no skill is required for the tightening work of the bolts and nuts 7, anyone can easily and reliably perform the work simply by preparing a tool such as a wrench or a spanner at a construction site. Therefore, it is possible to completely eliminate the labor cost of hiring and dispatching a craftsman called a welder to a construction site, so that the total cost of the processing cost and the construction cost for the steel structure 1 can be significantly reduced. In addition, welding may be applied only to the joining of the reinforcing ribs 9 to the columns 4 and the joining of the end plates 4e to the columns 4, but even in this case, the welding of the reinforcing ribs 9 or the end plates 4e may be performed. Since all processing is completed in a process before shipping from a manufacturing factory or the like, there is no welding at the construction site.
[0029]
D: Since the above-mentioned rebar is covered around the support 3, a form (for a solid foundation) surrounding the support 3 is formed together with the rebar, and concrete is poured into the form from a mixer truck or the like. . When the concrete level reaches, for example, about 100 mm above the support 3, the pouring of the concrete is terminated. After the concrete has hardened, the solid foundation of one slab is completed. Thus, by covering the entire support 3 with the solid foundation 2, the solid foundation 2 also plays a role in preventing the support 3 from rusting.
[0030]
Further, by applying a solid foundation as a foundation, the cost required for forming a house foundation can be minimized as compared with a case where a support is buried in a footing foundation typified by a cloth foundation. That is, in order to form the footing foundation, it is necessary to form a complicated formwork along the individual supports 3, and accordingly, the solid foundation requires less cost for the construction than the footing foundation. . Although the footing foundation has the advantage of saving the amount of concrete used, the solid foundation is significantly more advantageous in terms of the total cost including the steel frame material and the labor required for processing and construction.
[0031]
Although the present invention has been described with reference to specific embodiments, the present invention is not limited thereto. For example, as shown in FIG. 7A, a short pillar 41 having an end plate 41e protruding from the upper surface of the solid foundation 2 is provided on the support 3 at the upper end, and an end plate 42e is provided at the lower end of the pillar 4. And these end plates 41e, 41e may be bolted to each other. In this case, there is an advantage that it is not necessary to break the solid foundation 2 when removing the pillar 4 due to rebuilding or the like.
[0032]
Further, the support 3 may be composed of a plurality of pieces. For example, as shown in FIG. 7B, the support 3 that connects between two adjacent columns 4 may be divided in the longitudinal direction. Alternatively, the two support members 3 that are separated in the middle in the longitudinal direction may be connected by a connecting member 30 that connects these lower surfaces. In this case, a piping space 13 such as water supply can be secured between the two supports 3. Further, the connecting member 30 may be detachable from the two supports 3 by bolting or the like. In this case, at the time of construction, the connecting member 30 may be removed before the solid foundation 2 is cast by using the jig as a jig for determining an interval span between the two supports 3.
[0033]
As shown in FIG. 8, when three steel structures 1 each composed of the support body 3, the columns 4, and the beams 5, 6 are to be constructed in a row, the steel structures 1 related to the three houses are one. A structure that shares the support 3 of the book may be applied. Alternatively, the steel structure 1 according to two or four or more houses may share one support 3. That is, FIG. 8 illustrates an example in which the steel structure 1 according to another house is connected to the steel structure 1 according to one house along the support 3 extending in the beam direction or the girder direction. ing.
[0034]
In this case, there are the following advantages. That is, the number of times of repeating the above-described step A can be reduced. In addition, the other house can be arranged straight with respect to the one house. Further, if the support 3 is composed of a plurality of pieces, even if the steel structure 1 according to one house and the steel structure 1 according to another house are connected by one support 3 before the construction, The support 3 can be divided between the steel structure 1 according to one house and the steel structure 1 according to another house (near the boundary of the site).
[0035]
The present invention can be practiced in various modified, modified, and modified forms based on the knowledge of those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention. As long as the same operation or effect is produced, any of the invention-specific matters can be implemented in a form replaced with another technology. The present invention can be embodied in a form in which the integrally formed invention specifying matter is composed of a plurality of elements, or in a form in which the invention specifying matter composed of a plurality of elements is integrally formed.
[0036]
【The invention's effect】
ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to the steel-frame structure of the house and its method which concern on this invention, since several pillars can be accurately positioned with respect to a solid foundation, the space | interval of pillars can be set with high precision. For this reason, it is not necessary to apply a welded joint to the joint between the column and the beam in consideration of the slight deviation of the distance between columns as in the past, and it is possible to join the column and the beam by bolting It becomes. Therefore, the number of welding points in the entire steel structure can be reduced, and shortening of the construction period of the house and cost reduction of the construction can be achieved at the same time.
[0037]
In particular, by applying the solid foundation, the cost required for forming the foundation can be reduced to a minimum as compared with the case where the support is buried in the footing foundation. This is because the footing foundation can save the amount of concrete used, but in order to form the footing foundation, a complicated formwork must be assembled along with the support, and the cost required for construction increases. Therefore, according to the steel structure and the method in which the columns and beams are raised on the solid foundation, the total cost including the steel material, the processing and the construction method thereof can be minimized.
[0038]
In addition, when a plurality of steel structures, which are composed of supports, pillars, and beams and are the main framework of a house, are to be constructed in a row, the steel structures of the houses of the plurality of buildings may share a single support. Can be built. Therefore, there is the following advantage in the case where a steel structure according to another house is continuously constructed along a support extending in the beam direction or the girder direction with respect to the steel structure according to one house. That is, it is possible to reduce the number of times of repeatedly performing the step of positioning the support on the residential land and adjusting the height of the support so that the support is accurately positioned horizontally. In addition, the other house can be arranged straight with respect to the one house.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a front view of a steel structure of a house according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a side view of the steel frame structure of the house according to the embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a front view showing details of a part a in FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a front view showing details of a part b in FIG. 1;
FIG. 6 is a front view showing details of a portion c in FIG. 1;
FIG. 7 is a front view showing another example of the main part of the steel frame structure of the house according to the embodiment of the present invention and a modified example thereof.
FIG. 8 is a front view showing still another example of the steel frame structure of the house according to the embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 9 is an exploded perspective view showing a main part of a steel structure according to a conventional example.
[Explanation of symbols]
1: steel structure 2: solid foundation 3: support 4: pillars 5, 6: beam 7: bolt / nut 8: bolt insertion hole 3f, 4f: flange 4e, 5e: end plate

Claims (4)

A support made of H-shaped steel buried in a horizontal posture on the solid foundation of the house,
A plurality of pillars made of H-shaped steel, which are arranged at intervals in the longitudinal direction of the support, and have a lower end bolted to the support;
A beam of H-section steel bolted at both ends to the plurality of columns;
Steel structure of a house equipped with. The support web of H-section steel is in an upright position, the web of column of H-section steel is in an attitude along the longitudinal direction of the support, and the beam web of H-section steel is in an upright position. And
An end plate provided at a lower end of the plurality of columns is bolted to a flange at an upper portion of the support, and end plates provided at both ends of the beam are bolted to opposite flanges of the columns. Item 2. The steel structure of a house according to item 1. The steel structure of a house according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the house is a steel structure in which a plurality of houses each including the support, the columns, and the beams are arranged, and the plurality of houses share the support. Installing a support made of H-section steel on a residential land in a horizontal posture;
A plurality of columns are arranged upright at intervals in the longitudinal direction of the support, and the lower ends of the plurality of columns are bolted to the support.
Arranging a beam between the plurality of columns, and bolting both ends of the beam to the plurality of columns, respectively;
Casting concrete around the support to form a solid foundation in which the support is embedded;
Construction method of steel frame of house including.

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