JP2004018272A - Method and apparatus for treating slurried putrefactive waste - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method and an apparatus for treating slurried putrefactive waste which convert organic slurry into liquefied fertilizer while suppressing the occurrence of malodor, and to provide a method and an apparatus for treating slurried putrefactive waste which sterilize parasitic eggs and disease-causing germs at a relatively low cost. <P>SOLUTION: The inside of a closed type treatment tank stored with slurried putrefactive waste such as livestock excreta, kitchen waste water and sewage sludge is charged with AURACE-S bacilli. The inside of the treatment tank is subjected to aeration to promote the propagation of the AURACE-S bacilli, so that the slurried putrefactive waste is treated by high temperature fermentation. Thereafter, photosynthesis bacteria are charged thereto to convert the slurried putrefactive waste into liquefied fertilizer. The AURACE-S bacilli perform stable propagation at about 60°C, so that decomposition treatment at the initial stage can continuously be performed for a long period of time in a high temperature state and the fermentation treatment can be performed in a relatively short period of time without producing malodor. Further, parasitic eggs and disease-causing germs which live in the slurry can be sterilized. By the charge of the photosynthesis bacteria, the fermentation treatment is completed, and it is made effective as the liquid fertilizer. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

【００１９】
ＰＣＲ反応後の精製
Ｍｉｃｒｏｃｏｎ　１００　Ｃｏｌｕｍｎ（ＭＩＬＬＩＰＯＲＥ　社製）を使用して行った。
サイクルシーケンス反応
ＭｉｃｒｏＳｅｑ　５００　１６Ｓ　ｒＤＮＡ　Ｂａｃｔｅｒｉａｌ　Ｓｅｑｕｅｎｃｉｎｇ　Ｋｉｔ　を用いて行った。
シーケンシング　モジュール（Ｓｅｑｕｅｎｃｉｎｇ　Ｍｏｄｕｌｅ）は、下記のとおりである。
反応液組成：
Ｐｕｒｉｆｉｅｄ　ＰＣＲ　Ｐｒｏｄｕｃｔｓ　　　　　　　　　　　　３．０μＬ
Ｆｏｒｗａｒｄ　ｏｒ　Ｒｅｖｅｒｓｅ　Ｓｅｑｕｅｎｃｉｎｇ　Ｍｉｘ　　　　　１３．０μＬ
ＤＷ　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　４．０μＬ
【００２０】
サイクリング条件
サーマルサイクラーは、ＧｅｎｅＡｍｐ　ＰＣＲ　Ｓｙｓｔｅｍ　９７００を使用した。
サイクリングは下記条件で行った。

【００２１】
サイクルシーケンス反応後の精製
Ｃｅｎｔｒｉｓｅｐ　Ｓｐｉｎ　Ｃｏｌｕｍｎを用いて行った。
分析方法
分析は下記条件で行った。
分析機種：ＡＢＩ　ＰＲＩＳＭ　３１００　Ｇｅｎｅｔｉｃ　Ａｎａｌｙｚｅｒを使用した。
キャピラリー：３１００　５０ｃｍ　Ｃａｐｉｌｌａｒｉｅｓ　（６１ｃｍ　ｘ　５０μｍ）を使用した。
ポリマー：３１００　ＰＯＰ６を使用した。
サンプル溶解バッファー：Ｈｉ　Ｄｉ　Ｆｏｒｍａｍｉｄｅ　１０μＬを使用した。
１６Ｓ−ｒＤＮＡの塩基配列の解析：
塩基配列の解析は、ＤＮＡＳＩＳ　Ｐｒｏ（日立ソフトウェアエンジネアリング（株））を用いて行った。
【００２２】
実験の結果
５５℃で生育してきた分離株、Ｂａｃｉｌｌｕｓ　ｓｐ．　ＡＵＲＡＣＥ−Ｓの性状は以下のとおりである。
１．形態・大きさ
細胞は桿形で、短径１．０〜１．２μｍ、長径８〜１０μｍの大きさの細菌である。
２．グラム染色
本菌はグラム染色陽性である。
３．芽胞形成能の有無
本菌は芽胞を形成する。
４．運動性
本菌は運動性を有しない。
【００２３】
以上の結果から、分離株ＡＵＲＡＣＥ−Ｓは、絶対好気性のグラム陽性桿菌で芽胞形成能を有することから、バチルス属細菌と判断し、Ｂａｃｉｌｌｕｓ　ｓｐ．　ＡＵＲＡＣＥ−Ｓ（バチラスエスピー．オーレス−エス）と命名した。
なお、以下の記載においては、ＩＦＯ（Ｉｎｓｔｉｔｕｔｅ　ｏｆ　Ｆｅｒｍｅｎｔａｔｉｏｎ　Ｏｒｇａｎｉｚａｔｉｏｎ）１２２５０号，１２９８３号，及び１３７３７号の菌（Ｂ．ｓｔｅａｒｏｔｈｅｒｍｏｐｈｉｌｕｓ「バチルス．ステロサーモフィラス」）を、本願発明で用いられるＢａｃｉｌｌｕｓ　ｓｐ．　ＡＵＲＡＣＥ−Ｓ（バチラスエスピー．オーレス−エス）と比較対照する微生物として、選定した。
【００２４】

【００２５】
６．生育温度
【表１】

【００２６】
７．生育ｐＨ
【表２】

【００２７】
８．胞子の形態
【表３】

【００２８】
表１〜３の結果から明らかなように、Ｂａｃｉｌｌｕｓ　ｓｐ．　ＡＵＲＡＣＥ−Ｓは、コロニーの表面性状、生育温度域、生育ｐＨ域において、Ｂ．ｓｔｅａｒｏｔｈｅｒｍｏｐｈｉｌｕｓとは明らかに異なることが分かった。そこで、ＨＰＬＣを用いて、Ｂａｃｉｌｌｕｓ　ｓｐ．　ＡＵＲＡＣＥ−ＳとＢ．ｓｔｅａｒｏｔｈｅｒｍｏｐｈｉｌｕｓの塩基組成比を調べた。
【００２９】
【表４】

【００３０】
表４に示したように、Ｂａｃｉｌｌｕｓ　ｓｐ．　ＡＵＲＡＣＥ−ＳのＧＣ含量は６３．５ｍｏｌ％であったが、Ｂ．ｓｔｅａｒｏｔｈｅｒｍｏｐｈｉｌｕｓのＧＣ含量は４３．０ｍｏｌ％と、明らかに異なっていた。
表５および表６に、Ｂａｃｉｌｌｕｓ　ｓｐ．　ＡＵＲＡＣＥ−ＳとＢ．ｓｔｅａｒｏｔｈｅｒｍｏｐｈｉｌｕｓとの１６ｓ−ｒＤＮＡの１〜５１０の塩基配列を示す。
【００３１】
【表５】
Ｂａｃｉｌｌｕｓ　ｓｐ．　ＡＵＲＡＣＥ−Ｓの１６ｓ−ｒＤＮＡの１〜５１０の塩基配列
ＡＧＧＮＮＧＡＡＣＧＣＴＧＮＧＣＧＧＣＧＮＴＧＴＣＣＴＡＡＴＡＣＡＴＧＴＣＡＡＡＧＴＣＧＡＧＣＧＡＡＣＣＧＧＡＴＧＧＡＧＴＧＣＴＴＧＣＡＴＴＣＣ
ＴＧＡＧＧＴＴＡＧＣＧＧＣＧＧＡＣＧＧＧＴＧＡＧＴＡＡＣＡＣＧＴＡＧＧＣＡＡＣＣＴＧＣＣＴＧＴＡＣＧＡＣＣＧＧＧＡＴＡＡＣＴＣＣＧＧＧＡＡＡＣＣ
ＧＧＡＧＣＴＡＡＴＡＣＣＧＧＡＴＡＧＧＡＴＧＣＣＧＡＡＣＣＧＣＡＴＧＧＴＴＣＧＧＣＡＴＧＧＡＡＡＧＧＣＣＴＴＴＧＡＧＣＣＧＣＧＴＡＣＡＧＡＴＧＧ
ＧＣＣＴＧＣＧＧＣＧＣＡＴＴＡＧＣＴＡＧＴＴＧＧＴＧＧＧＧＴＡＡＣＧＧＣＣＴＡＣＣＡＡＧＧＣＧＡＣＧＡＴＧＣＧＴＡＧＣＣＧＡＣＣＴＧＡＧＡＧＧＧ
ＴＧＡＡＣＧＧＣＣＡＣＡＣＴＧＧＧＡＣＴＧＡＧＡＣＡＣＧＧＣＣＣＡＧＡＣＴＣＣＴＡＣＧＧＧＡＧＧＣＡＧＣＡＧＴＡＧＧＧＡＡＴＣＴＴＣＣＧＣＡＡＴ
ＧＧＡＣＧＡＡＡＧＴＣＴＧＡＣＧＧＡＧＣＡＡＣＧＣＣＧＣＧＴＧＡＧＴＧＡＧＧＡＡＧＧＴＣＴＴＣＧＧＡＴＣＧＴＡＡＡＡＣＴＣＴＧＴＴＧＴＣＡＧＧＧ
ＡＡＧＡＡＣＣＧＣＣＧＧＧＡＴＧＡＣＣＴＣＣＣＧＧＴＣＴＧＡＣＧＧＴＡＣＣＴＧＡＣＧＡＧＡＡＡＧＣＣＣＣＧＧＣＴＡＡＣＴＡＣＧＴＧＴＣＡＮＣＡＮ
ＣＣＧＣＧＧ
【００３２】
【表６】
Ｂ．ｓｔｅａｒｏｔｈｅｒｍｏｐｈｉｌｕｓの１６ｓ−ｒＤＮＡの１〜５１０の塩基配列
ＡＡＣＧＣＴＧＧＣＧＧＣＧＴＧＣＣＴＡＡＴＡＣＡＴＧＣＡＡＧＴＣＧＡＧＣＧＧＡＣＣＧＧＡＴＴＧＧＧＧＣＴＴＧＣＴＴＴＧＡＴＴＣＧＧＴＣＡＧＣＧＧ
ＣＧＧＡＣＧＧＧＴＧＡＧＴＡＡＣＡＣＧＴＧＧＧＣＡＡＣＣＴＧＣＣＣＧＣＡＡＧＡＣＣＧＧＧＡＴＡＡＣＴＣＣＧＧＧＡＡＡＣＣＧＧＡＧＣＴＡＡＴＡＣＣ
ＧＧＡＴＡＡＣＡＣＣＧＡＡＧＡＣＣＧＣＡＴＧＧＴＣＴＴＣＧＧＴＴＧＡＡＡＧＧＣＧＧＣＣＴＴＴＧＧＧＣＴＧＴＣＡＣＴＴＧＣＧＧＡＴＧＧＧＣＣＣＧＣ
ＧＧＣＧＣＡＴＴＡＧＣＴＡＧＴＴＧＧＴＧＡＧＧＴＡＡＣＧＧＣＴＣＡＣＣＡＡＧＧＣＧＡＣＧＡＴＧＣＧＴＡＧＣＣＧＧＣＣＴＧＡＧＡＧＧＧＴＧＡＣＣＧ
ＧＣＣＡＣＡＣＴＧＧＧＡＣＴＧＡＧＡＣＡＣＧＧＣＣＣＡＧＡＣＴＣＣＴＡＣＧＧＧＡＧＧＣＡＧＣＡＧＴＡＧＧＧＡＡＴＣＴＴＣＣＧＣＡＡＴＧＧＧＣＧＡ
ＡＡＧＣＣＴＧＡＣＧＧＡＧＣＧＡＣＧＣＣＧＣＧＴＧＡＧＣＧＡＡＧＡＡＧＧＣＣＴＴＣＧＧＧＴＣＧＴＡＡＡＧＣＴＣＴＧＴＴＧＴＧＡＧＧＧＡＣＧＡＡＧ
ＧＡＧＣＧＣＣＧＴＴＣＧＡＡＧＡＧＧＧＣＧＧＣＧＣＧＧＴＧＡＣＧＧＴＡＣＣＴＣＡＣＧＡＧＡＡＡＧＣＣＣＧＧＣＴＡＡＣＴＡＣＧＴＧＣＣＡＧＣＡＧＣ
ＣＧＣＧＧＴ
【００３３】
図１は、表５および表６の結果に基づきマルチプルアラインメントを行い、Ｂａｃｉｌｌｕｓ　ｓｐ．　ＡＵＲＡＣＥ−Ｓの進化系統樹を作成したものである。
同図から明らかなように、Ｂａｃｉｌｌｕｓ　ｓｐ．　ＡＵＲＡＣＥ−Ｓは進化系統樹から見ても、Ｂ．ｓｔｅａｒｏｔｈｅｒｍｏｐｈｉｌｕｓとは異なる菌種であることがわかった。
【００３４】
以上の結果から、Ｂａｃｉｌｌｕｓ　ｓｐ．　ＡＵＲＡＣＥ−Ｓを新種と判断し、本菌をＢａｃｉｌｌｕｓ　ｓｐ．　ＡＵＲＡＣＥ−Ｓと命名し、独立行政法人産業技術総合研究所特許生物寄託センターに寄託した。Ｂａｃｉｌｌｕｓ　ｓｐ．　ＡＵＲＡＣＥ−Ｓの寄託番号は、ＦＥＲＭ　Ｐ−１８７６９号である。
Ｂａｃｉｌｌｕｓ　ｓｐ．　ＡＵＲＡＣＥ−Ｓは、上記したように５５℃の温度環境で良好に生育し、急速にスラリー状の腐敗性廃棄物を醗酵処理する。
【００３５】
処理槽内に投入される光合成細菌としては、代表的なものとして例えば、次のような微生物を採用可能である。
（１）．ロドバクター・カプスラータ（Ｒｈｏｄｏｂａｃｔｅｒ　ｃａｐｓｕｌａｔａ）。
酸素に対する態度（生育における酸素の要求度）：絶対好気性。
生育温度：２０℃〜４０℃。
特徴：▲１▼ＢＯＤ成分の分解・除去。
▲２▼有毒アミン（プトレシン、カダベリン、ジメチルニトロサミン）の分解・無毒化。
▲３▼栄養塩摂取における拮抗作用による硫酸還元菌の間接的増殖阻害（水田における硫化水素の発生防止）。
▲４▼菌体内有効成分による農作物の糖度、鮮度保持効果、収穫量の上昇。
▲５▼土壌への施用により、農業有益菌が増加。
なお、特徴の▲４▼と▲５▼は、本光合成細菌の死菌でも有効である。
【００３６】
（２）．ロドバクター・スフェロイデス（Ｒｈｏｄｏｂａｃｔｅｒ　ｓｐｈａｅｒｏｉｄｅｓ）。
酸素に対する態度：絶対好気性。
生育温度：２０℃〜４０℃。
特徴：▲１▼ＢＯＤ成分の分解・除去
▲２▼脱窒作用を持つものもいる（硝酸、亜硝酸の窒素ガスへの変換）。
▲３▼低級脂肪酸の分解・除去。
【００３７】
（３）．ロドシュードモナス・ゲラティノーサ（Ｒｈｏｄｏｐｓｅｕｄｏｍｏｎａｓ　ｇｅｌａｔｉｎｏｓａ）およびロドシュードモナス・パラストリス（Ｒｈｏｄｏｐｓｅｕｄｏｍｏｎａｓ　ｐａｌｕｓｔｒｉｓ）
酸素に対する態度：通性嫌気性。
生育温度：２０℃〜４０℃。
特徴：▲１▼ＢＯＤ成分の分解・除去。
▲２▼リン酸の吸収。
【００３８】
これらの光合成細菌は、いずれも好気性下の２０℃〜４０℃の環境で、良好に生育するため、Ｂａｃｉｌｌｕｓ　ｓｐ．　ＡＵＲＡＣＥ−Ｓによる醗酵処理が落ち着いて温度低下をしたときに処理槽内に投入される。光合成細菌は、本発明方法において、単一もしくは複数種類を組み合わせたものを適用可能である。
ロドシュードモナス属の光合成細菌は、酸素の有無にかかわらず生育可能である。ロドバクター・スフェロイデスは、低級脂肪酸の分解・除去能があることから、処理過程で脱臭を必要とするときに効果的である。
そして、これらの光合成細菌が増殖することにより、他の中温菌や低温菌の活動が制限され、この結果、処理過程で温度が低下したときにも全体的な悪臭の発生が抑制される。
【００３９】
処理槽内に投入される光合成細菌及びオーレスＳ菌の量は、ともに別段の制限を伴うものではないが、処理槽に収容されるスラリー状廃棄物の約０．１〜０．３％前後（容量換算）が良い。
【００４０】
本発明方法では、前記微生物以外に微生物（オーレスＳ菌光合成細菌）の栄養源を前記処理槽内に更に投入するのが望ましい。栄養源は、培養基以外に、フスマ、米ぬか、その他、微生物の生存あるいは増殖に必要な栄養素となり得るものであれば良い。
【００４１】
醗酵処理後の処理物は、有機性の固形物が分解され、水分が蒸発されて減量化されている。
この処理物には微生物の増殖抑制手段を施すのが望ましい。
増殖抑制手段は、例えばｐＨ調整材から成る。このｐＨ調整材によって処理物は、ｐＨ１０以上もしくはｐＨ３以下に調整される。
【００４２】
本発明装置は、上記した構成以外に、前記微生物群の栄養源及び／もしくはｐＨ調整材の投入手段を更に備える。
また、本発明装置は、処理槽内に発生する泡を消す消泡手段を更に備える。消泡手段によって消泡されたスラリー状の難分解性有機物は、処理槽に環流されるようにするのが望ましい。
また、本発明装置は、稼働初期時にスラリー状腐敗性廃棄物を加温手段によって所定温度、すなわちオーレスＳ菌が増殖可能な温度まで加温し、通性嫌気性菌など中温菌の活動時間を短くするようにしても良い。
【００４３】
【実施の最良の形態】
以下、本発明を図示した実施例に基づいて詳説する。
図１は、本発明装置の概念構成図である。
図中符合１は、豚舎２などの発生源から排出された豚屎尿を主成分とするスラリー状腐敗性廃棄物を貯溜する貯留槽、３は貯留槽内に設けた汲み上げポンプ、４はこのポンプ３によって圧送されたスラリー状腐敗性廃棄物を醗酵処理するための処理槽である。
【００４４】
処理槽４は、各種添加材の投入口７〜９を除いて上面開放部が閉塞されている。
処理槽内にはブロワ５が配設されている。ブロワ５は、処理槽４に収容されたスラリー状廃棄物を下方から曝気する。６は、ブロワ５に接続された空気供給菅で、その基端は処理槽外へと延びている。
【００４５】
処理槽４には、各種添加材の投入口７〜９が設けられている。第１投入口７は、オーレスＳ菌と光合成細菌の投入口である。オーレスＳ菌は、上記したように、養豚場土壌より採取、分離したバチルス属に属する新菌で、４５℃以上において良好に増殖する絶対好気性菌の一種である。光合成細菌は、本実施例ではロドバクター・カプスラータとロドバクター・スフェロイデスとロドシュードモナス・ゲラティノーサとを混合したものが用いられる。オーレスＳ菌と光合成細菌は、供給菅路中途に設けた切り換えバルブ１０によっていずれかが選択的に処理槽内に供給される。処理初期段階で、オーレスＳ菌が第１投入口７から処理槽内に投入され、処理後期段階で、光合成細菌が第１投入口７から同様に投入される。
【００４６】
両微生物の各添加量は、スラリー状腐敗性廃棄物の容量による。通常は、容量換算で、スラリー状腐敗性廃棄物１００に対して０．１〜０３％程度のオーレスＳ菌もしくは光合成細菌が添加される。
なお、図中符号１１はオーレスＳ菌の収容器、１２は光合成細菌の収容器である。
【００４７】
８は第２投入口で、上記両微生物の栄養源であるふすまや米ぬかの収容器１３と連通され、時宜に応じてこれらの栄養源が処理槽内に投入される。
９は第３投入口で、微生物の増殖抑制手段であるｐＨ調整材の収容器１４と連通され、必要時にｐＨ調整材を処理槽内に供給する。
【００４８】
１５は、処理槽の上部に配設した消泡機である。この消泡機１５は、図４の拡大図に見られるように、処理槽内と連通する気泡導入管１６と、泡切り用濾過器１７と、サイクロン１８とを備える。サイクロン１８の底部は、戻し管路２３を介して前記空気供給管６と連通されている。したがって、ブロワ５の稼働により戻し管路出口に生じる負圧によって、サイクロン内部空間は、泡切り用濾過器側の入り口より戻し管路側の出口へと吸引力が作用する。
【００４９】
１９は、サイクロン１８の上部と連通路を介して連通された洗浄塔である。洗浄塔１９には脱臭塔２０が並設されている。
２１は、処理槽４に並設された液肥貯留槽、２２は振動篩である。
また、２４は光合成細菌、オーレスＳ菌、ｐＨ調整材、及び栄養源の各種添加材の投入時期と投入量、ポンプとブロワの駆動制御などを行うための制御回路が組み込まれた制御装置である。
【００５０】
本装置の使用状態を説明する。
貯溜槽１に溜められたスラリー状の豚舎原水を、制御装置２４を操作することによりポンプ３を介して処理槽に６ｍ^３投入する。第１投入口７から処理槽内にオーレスＳ菌を２０ｌ（リットル）供給し、ブロワ５を駆動させて外気をスラリーに送り込み、曝気する。
【００５１】
スラリー中の好気性微生物は、溶存酸素下で増殖を開始し、有機物を分解してスラリーの温度を上昇させる。図３は、スラリー中にオーレスＳ菌を投入した場合（実線）と、投入しない場合（細破線）のスラリーの温度変化を示す。なお、図中長破線は、外気温の変化を示す。
【００５２】
エアレーション開始後１０時間ほどは、オーレスＳ菌を投入した場合とそうでない場合の両者ともに同様な温度立ち上がりを示す。１０時間ほどでスラリーは約４０℃まで上昇する。前記したように３７℃を超えた時点で、オーレスＳ菌は、増殖を開始する。オーレスＳ菌の増殖によってスラリーは更に温度を上昇させ、約１６時間で５０℃に達する。オーレスＳ菌はその後も活動を継続し、約２８時間後にはスラリーの温度を６０℃にまで昇温させる。以後、９６時間（約４日）に至るまで、平均して６０℃強の高温状態を維持する（最高温度で約６８℃）。
この高温環境によって、スラリー内の大腸菌など各種病原菌は、死滅する。
【００５３】
原水と処理後の液肥について、大腸菌の測定を、ＢＴＢ寒天培地を用いて定法により行ったところ、原水には１０^５含まれていたが、液肥では陰性を示した。また、クリプトスポリジウムについて、間接蛍光抗体染色法「水道に関するクリプトスポリジウムのオーシストの検出のための暫定的な試験法」に基づいて、原水と処理後の液肥について測定したところ、処理前の原水では陽性を示したのに対し、処理後の液肥では陰性を示した。
これらはいずれも、本発明において上記した高温状態の長時間継続によって、病原菌が死滅したことを示している。
【００５４】
一方、図３において、オーレスＳ菌を投入しない場合の通常微生物群による分解処理では、４２時間経過してはじめて５０℃となり、その後、４６時間目に一時的に最高温度となる５５℃を記録したものの、ほとんど５０℃前後の温度状態を維持するに過ぎない。
この程度の高温状態では、病原菌を死滅させるに十分な温度環境を形成することはできない。
【００５５】
処理槽内に生じた気泡は、スラリー中の難分解性の有機性成分をその表面に取り込んで、処理槽上部へと浮上する。
エアレーション用のブロワ５の稼働中には、空気供給菅６と連通する戻し管路２３の出口が負圧となる。この負圧は、サイクロン１８及びサイクロンを介しての泡切り用濾過器１７の下流側に作用し、気泡導入管１６より処理槽内上部空間の気泡を泡切り用濾過器１７に取り込む。取り込まれた気泡は、濾過器１７の濾膜によって濾過される。固形分は濾膜に補足される一方、液分はサイクロン１８と戻し管路２３を介して処理槽内に戻される。したがって、この消泡機は、電力や駆動源を用いることがないので、経済的に実施される。
【００５６】
また、サイクロン１８を通過する液分に含まれている臭気成分は、サイクロン上部からシャワー設備を有する洗浄塔１９を経て脱臭塔２０に導かれ、無臭の空気として外部に放出される。
【００５７】
図３に示すように、９６時間後にスラリーの温度は低下し始める。オーラスＳ菌によるスラリーの分解処理が落ち着いた結果である。図３には示されていないが、その後スラリーは急速に４０℃前後まで急速に温度低下する。
この時点で、微生物供給管路のバルブ１０を切り換え、光合成細菌収容器から光合成細菌を処理槽内に投入する。
光合成細菌は、この低下した温度環境下で活動を開始し、さらにスラリー内の有機物を分解する。必要に応じて第２投入口８から光合成細菌の栄養源を添加し、光合成細菌の増殖を図る。
他の中温菌が活動を開始する前に光合成細菌の増殖を図ることにより、悪臭の発生源が抑制される。
【００５８】
約１週間（１６８時間）経過することにより、スラリーは大部分の有機物が分解され、液分の一部が蒸発されて、５０％から７０％程度に減量化された液肥となる。
この液肥は、処理槽底部から引き抜かれ、一旦、液肥貯溜槽２１に滞留された後、振動篩２２にかけられて農地に還元される。
液肥として完成した時点で、第３投入口９からｐＨ調整材を投入してｐＨを酸性側もしくは塩基性側に調整することにより、各種低温菌や中温菌の増殖が抑制され、貯溜槽に貯溜されている間に悪臭等を発生させることがなくなる。
【００５９】
液肥は、内部に光合成細菌をはじめとする有用微生物群が含まれている。また、Ｎ，Ｐ，Ｋの三大栄養素に富むばかりでなく各種のミネラル成分をも多量に含有する。しかも、上記したようにして高温殺菌処理されているために、動植物にとって有害となる病原菌や寄生虫などの害虫が死滅している。この結果、農地に還元したときに、有効な有機肥料となる。
【００６０】
長野県大町市、宮田農園において、上記液肥のリンゴへの施用効果を確認する試験を行った。
試験方法：
品種；　ふじの成木
施用方法；１０Ａ当たり３．５ｔを全面散布。
試験結果：
本発明方法による液肥散布区と慣行区について、各２樹を調査した。

【００６１】
この結果から明らかなように、本発明方法の結果物である液肥は、果色や糖度において、品質の向上が見られた。
【００６２】
また、その他、水稲栽培の施用試験において、本発明方法の結果物である液肥を用いた区では、初期から生育が良好であり、即効性の肥効を示し、慣行区と同様な生育量を確保できることが確認されている。倒伏や下位節間の伸長に関しても問題を生じなかった。
更に、これらの圃場試験において、病害虫が発生することもなかった。
【００６３】
【発明の効果】
本発明によれば、次の効果を奏する。
６０℃前後で安定した増殖を行うオーレスＳ菌を用いてスラリー状の腐敗性廃棄物を分解処理した後、光合成細菌によって分解処理を受け継いで最終的に液肥とするので、当初、分解処理を高温状態で長時間継続して行うことができ、悪臭を発生させることなく比較的短時間で醗酵処理でき、しかもスラリー内に棲息する寄生虫卵や病原菌を殺菌することができる。
【００６４】
また、処理対象となるスラリーを減量化でき、水分調整材などを使用することなく、比較的低廉なコストで実施することができる。
【００６５】
本発明装置も単純な装置あるいは機器類から成り、設置面積を大きくとることもない。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】Ｂａｃｉｌｌｕｓ　ｓｐ．　ＡＵＲＡＣＥ−Ｓの進化系統樹を示す図。
【図２】本発明の一実施例に係る装置の概略構成図。
【図３】オーレスＳ菌の増殖による豚屎尿の温度変化を示すグラフ。
【図４】図２の気泡を消泡する装置の一例を示す拡大図。
【符号の説明】
１　　　　スラリー状腐敗性廃棄物貯溜槽
２　　　　豚舎
４　　　　処理槽
６　　　　空気供給菅
７　　　　第１投入口
８　　　　第２投入口
９　　　　第３投入口
１１　　　オーレスＳ菌収容器
１２　　　光合成細菌収容器
１３　　　微生物栄養源収容器
１４　　　ｐＨ調整材収容器
１５　　　消泡機
１６　　　気泡導入管
１７　　　泡切り濾過器
１８　　　サイクロン
１９　　　洗浄塔
２０　　　脱臭塔
２１　　　液肥貯溜槽
２２　　　振動篩
２３　　　戻し管路
２４　　　制御装置[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for fermenting slurry-like putrefactive waste such as livestock excrement, kitchen wastewater, and sewage sludge.
[0002]
[Prior art]
As a method for treating slurry-like putrefactive waste such as livestock excrement, kitchen wastewater, and sewage sludge, there is, for example, an invention described in Japanese Patent Publication No. Hei 8-11239.
According to the present invention, a septic waste in the form of livestock excrement is contained in a treatment tank, and photosynthetic bacteria are administered and aerated. Due to the aeration, hardly decomposable organic substances such as wood chips are taken into the surface of bubbles generated in the upper space of the processing tank. The foamed excrement is defoamed by a defoamer, and a slurry-like processed material containing a hardly decomposable organic substance is led out of the processing tank. Organic substances other than the hardly decomposable organic substances are fermented by microorganisms mainly including photosynthetic bacteria.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, the above-described conventional technique has a possibility of causing secondary pollution because the slurry-like treated material containing the hardly decomposable organic matter attached to the foam is discharged out of the treatment tank. A means for further processing the processed material is required.
[0004]
A photosynthetic bacterium that is introduced into a treatment tank and contributes to the decomposition of organic matter in excrement and the like is generally a mesophilic bacterium. Therefore, the fermentation of excrement in the treatment tank is a so-called medium temperature fermentation.
For this reason, in the above-mentioned method, the activity of facultative anaerobic bacteria which causes a bad smell cannot be suppressed (it multiplies regardless of the presence or absence of oxygen), and a bad smell is generated. The generated odor is adsorbed and deodorized by using a deodorant made of zeolite, but it is actually difficult to sufficiently supplement the odor, and the running cost increases accordingly.
[0005]
Moreover, since the above-mentioned method is a medium temperature fermentation, it is not possible to kill various pathogenic bacteria such as parasite eggs and cryptostriadim contained in the excrement. Therefore, in order to achieve the effect of the invention described in the above-mentioned publication, that is, "utilize the dried product of the slurry-like processed product after fermentation as a good soil conditioner", it is necessary to further treat such pathogenic bacteria.
[0006]
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a method and an apparatus for treating slurry-like putrefactive waste, which suppresses generation of offensive odor as much as possible to liquidify an organic slurry.
It is another object of the present invention to provide a method and an apparatus for treating slurry-like putrefactive waste, which can sterilize parasite eggs and pathogenic bacteria and can be carried out at a relatively low cost.
[0007]
[Means for achieving the object]
The present invention has the following configuration to achieve the above object.
That is, the treatment method of the present invention is to throw the Aures S bacteria into a closed treatment tank containing the slurry-like putrefactive waste, and aerate the treatment tank to promote the growth of the Aures S bacteria. After the slurry-like putrefactive waste is treated by high-temperature fermentation, the slurry-like putrefactive waste is fed into photosynthetic bacteria to turn the slurry-like putrefactive waste into liquid fertilizer.
[0008]
Further, the treatment apparatus of the present invention is a closed treatment tank containing slurry-like putrefactive waste, a group of microorganisms containing photosynthetic bacteria and Aureth S bacterium, and a means for putting these groups of microorganisms into the treatment tank. Oxygen supply means for feeding oxygen into the processing tank.
[0009]
The waste to be treated is not only spoilage waste, which has a high water content and is in the form of slurry, such as livestock excreta, kitchen wastewater, and sewage sludge, but also has a relatively low water content such as food residues. Wastes that are made into a slurry by adding water to a municipal waste are also included.
[0010]
Aureth-S (AURACE-S) bacteria introduced into the treatment tank were bacteria present in the spoilage waste, and were isolated and examined for their microbiological properties.
[0011]
Experimental methods and equipment
As the source of separation, soil collected from a pig farm near the applicant's location was used. As a medium, Pearl Core Standard Agar Medium manufactured by Eiken Chemical Co., Ltd. was used. Separation temperature of thermophilic bacteria from pig farm soil was 55 ° C. Except for the Gram stain determination test, the properties were determined after overnight culture. Gram staining was performed using vegetative cells obtained by liquid culture under optimal conditions for 4 to 5 hours.
[0012]
Determination of 1GC content
Culture conditions: The isolate was inoculated into a liquid medium in which 0.1% glucose was added to Difco's Heart Infusion Broth, and cultured at 55 ° C. overnight with stirring. The state of growth was checked, and the culture that had good growth was used as the inoculum. To a fresh medium was added 10% of an inoculum of an isolated strain, and the mixture was cultured at 55 ° C. for 2 to 3 hours to prepare a sample for measuring GC content.
[0013]
DNA extraction: It was performed under the following conditions.
(1). After 10 ml of the sample was centrifuged and collected, the cells were suspended well in saline-EDTA and then centrifuged again at 10,000 × g for 10 minutes, and the supernatant was discarded.
(2). The cells were rapidly frozen with methanol / dry ice.
(3). 0.5 ml of lysozyme 2 mg / ml-10 mM Tris-HCl (pH 8.0) was added and reacted at 37 ° C. for 30 minutes to 2 hours.
(4). 50 μl of Tris-SDS buffer was added, mixed well, and heated at 60 ° C. for 5 minutes.
(5). 0.2 ml of 90% (v / v) phenol was added and shaken vigorously for 2 minutes.
(6). After cooling with ice-water, 0.2 ml of chloroform was added and shaken vigorously for 2 minutes.
(7). Centrifuged at 10,000 × g for 5 minutes.
(8). 0.4 ml of the solution in the upper layer was gently sucked so as not to wind up the precipitate in the intermediate layer, and transferred to another polypropylene tube.
(9). 0.5 ml of chloroform was added, shaken for 2 minutes, and centrifuged at 10,000 × g for 5 minutes.
(10). 0.3 ml of the solution in the upper layer was sucked so as not to wind up the precipitate in the intermediate layer, and transferred to another polypropylene tube.
(11). (9) and (10) were repeated once.
(12). 50 μl of an RNase solution was added, and reacted at 37 ° C. for 10 minutes.
(13). 50 μl of the proteinase K solution was added and reacted at 37 ° C. for 20 minutes.
(14). 0.2 ml of 90% phenol and 0.2 ml of chloroform were added and shaken for 1 minute.
(15). The mixture was centrifuged at 10,000 × g for 5 minutes, and the supernatant was transferred to another 0.3 ml polypropylene tube.
(16). 0.7 ml of 99% ethanol was added and shaken for 1 minute.
(17). The precipitated DNA was rinsed in the order of 70% ethanol and 99% ethanol.
(18). It was dried in a vacuum desiccator.
[0014]
Preparation of sample for GC content measurement
The test was performed under the following conditions.
(1). 50 μl of sterile distilled water is added to the sample of the above (18), and left at 60 ° C. for 1 hour. Then, it was rapidly cooled after heating at 100 ° C. for 5 minutes.
(2). Each 10 μl was placed in a polypropylene tube.
(3). The nuclease P1 solution was added in an amount of 10 μl each, and the lid was closed.
(4). The reaction was performed at 50 ° C. for 1 hour.
(5). Alkaline phosphatase solution was added in an amount of 10 μl each, and the lid was closed.
(6). Incubate at 37 ° C for 1 hour.
(7). This solution was directly used as a sample for HPLC.
[0015]
HPLC operating conditions
The test was performed under the following conditions.
(1). Column: L-column ODS manufactured by Chemical Inspection Association
(2). Eluent: 0.2M NH4H2PO4-acetonitrile = 20: 1
(3). Flow rate: 0.5 ml / min Detector: UV spectrophotometer
(4). Detection wavelength: 260 nm
(5). Temperature: room temperature
[0016]
Calculation of GC content
The calculation of the GC content was in accordance with the following equation.
GC (mol%) = (Gx + Cx / Ax + Tx + Gx + Cx) × x100
Cx (Gx, Tx, Ax) represents the dCMP (dGMP, dTMP, dAMP) peak area of nuclease P1 digested DNA.
[0017]
Preparation of PCR products
The PCR reaction was performed under the following conditions.
Reaction liquid composition:
PCR Master Mix 25.0 μL
Genomic DNA & Posi / Nega Controls 1.0 μL
DW 24.0 μL
[0018]
PCR conditions
The thermal cycler used GeneAmp PCR System 9700.
Cycling was performed under the following conditions.

[0019]
Purification after PCR reaction
The measurement was performed using Microcon 100 Column (manufactured by MILLIPORE).
Cycle sequence reaction
The measurement was performed using a MicroSeq 500 16S rDNA Bacterial Sequencing Kit.
The sequencing module is as follows.
Reaction liquid composition:
Purified PCR Products 3.0 μL
Forward or Reverse Sequencing Mix 13.0 μL
DW 4.0 μL
[0020]
Cycling conditions
The thermal cycler used GeneAmp PCR System 9700.
Cycling was performed under the following conditions.

[0021]
Purification after cycle sequence reaction
This was performed using a Centrisep Spin Column.
Analysis method
The analysis was performed under the following conditions.
Analysis model: ABI PRISM 3100 Genetic Analyzer was used.
Capillaries: 3100 50 cm Capillaries (61 cm × 50 μm) were used.
Polymer: 3100 POP6 was used.
Sample lysis buffer: 10 μL of Hi DiFormamide was used.
Analysis of base sequence of 16S-rDNA:
The nucleotide sequence was analyzed using DNASIS Pro (Hitachi Software Engineering Co., Ltd.).
[0022]
results of the experiment
An isolated strain grown at 55 ° C., Bacillus sp. The properties of AURACE-S are as follows.
1. Form / size
The cells are rod-shaped, bacteria having a minor axis of 1.0 to 1.2 μm and a major axis of 8 to 10 μm.
2. Gram stain
The bacterium is positive for Gram staining.
3. Spore-forming ability
The fungus forms spores.
4. Motility
The bacterium has no motility.
[0023]
From the above results, the isolate AURACE-S was determined to be a bacterium belonging to the genus Bacillus, since it was an aerobic Gram-positive bacillus and had a spore-forming ability. AURACE-S (Bacillus sp. Aures-S) was named.
In the following description, the bacteria (B. stearothermophilus “Bacillus sterothermophilus”) of IFO (Institute of Fermentation Organization) Nos. 12250, 12983, and 13737 are referred to as Bacillus sp. It was selected as a microorganism to be compared with AURACE-S (Bacillus sp. Aures-S).
[0024]

[0025]
6. Growth temperature
[Table 1]

[0026]
7. Growth pH
[Table 2]

[0027]
8. Spore morphology
[Table 3]

[0028]
As is clear from the results in Tables 1 to 3, Bacillus sp. AURACE-S shows B.A. in colony surface properties, growth temperature range, and growth pH range. It turned out to be distinctly different from stearothermophilus. Therefore, Bacillus sp. AURACE-S and B.A. The base composition ratio of stearothermophilus was examined.
[0029]
[Table 4]

[0030]
As shown in Table 4, Bacillus sp. AURACE-S had a GC content of 63.5 mol%, whereas B.A. The GC content of stearothermophilus was clearly different, at 43.0 mol%.
Tables 5 and 6 show that Bacillus sp. AURACE-S and B.A. 1 shows the nucleotide sequence of 1 to 510 of 16s-rDNA with stearothermophilus.
[0031]
[Table 5]
Bacillus sp. AURACE-S 16s-rDNA base sequence from 1 to 510
AGGNNGAACGCTGNGCGGCGNTGTCCTAATACATGTCAAAGTCGAGGCGAACCGGATGGAGGTCTTGCATTCC
TGAGGTTAGCGGCGGACGGGTGAGTAACACGGTAGCAACCTGCCTGTACGACCGGGATAACTCCGGGAAACC
GGAGCTAATACCGGATAGGATGCCGAACCGCATGGTTCGGGCATGGAAAGGCCTTTGAGCCGCGTACAGATGG
GCCTGCGGCGCATTAGCTAGTTGGGTGGGGTAACGGCCTACCAAGGCGACGATGCGGTAGCCGACCTGAGAGGGG
TGAACGGCCACACTGGGACTGAGACACGGCCCAGACTCCTACGGGAGGCAGCAGTAGGGGAATCTTCCGCAAT
GGACGAAAGTTCTGACGAGCAACGCCGCGTGAGTGAGGAAGGTCTTCCGATCGTAAAACTCTGTTGTCAGGG
AAGAACCGCCGGGATGACCTCCCGGTCTGACGGTACCTGACGAGAAAGCCCCGGCTAACTACGTGTCANCAN
CCGCGG
[0032]
[Table 6]
B. base sequence of 1 to 510 of 16s-rDNA of stearothermophilus
AACGCTGGCGGCGGTGCTAATACATGCAAGTCGAGCGGACCGGATTGGGGCTTGCTTTGAATTCGGTCAGCCGGG
CGGACGGGTGAGTAACACGTGGCAACCTGCCCGCAAGACCGGGGATAACTCCGGGAAAACCGGAGGCTAATAC
GGATAACACCGAAGACCGCATGGTCTTTCGGTTGAAAGGCGGCCTTTTGGGCTGTCACTTGCGGGATGGGCCCGC
GGCGCATTAGCTAGTTTGGTGAGGTAACGCTCACCAAGGCGACGATGGCGGTAGCGGCTGGAGGGGTGACCCG
GCCACACTGGGACTGAGACACGCCCAGACTCCTACCGGGAGGCAGCAGTAGGGAATCTTCGCAAATGGGCGA
AAGCCTGACGGAGCGACGCCGCGTGAGCGAAGAAGGCCTTCGGGTCGTAAAGCTCTGTTGTGAGGGACGAAG
GAGCGCCGTTCGAAGAGGGCGGGCGGGTGACGGTACCTCACGAAGAAAGCCCGGCTAACTACGTGGCCAGCAGC
CGCGGT
[0033]
FIG. 1 shows that a multiple alignment was performed based on the results in Tables 5 and 6, and Bacillus sp. This is an evolutionary phylogenetic tree of AURACE-S.
As is clear from the figure, Bacillus sp. AURACE-S is B.B. It was found that the strain was different from that of stearothermophilus.
[0034]
From the above results, Bacillus sp. AURACE-S was determined to be a new species, and the bacterium was isolated from Bacillus sp. It was named AURACE-S and deposited at the Patent Organism Depositary, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology. Bacillus sp. The deposit number of AURACE-S is FERM P-18869.
Bacillus sp. AURACE-S grows well in a temperature environment of 55 ° C. as described above, and rapidly ferments sludge-like putrefactive waste.
[0035]
As typical photosynthetic bacteria to be charged into the treatment tank, for example, the following microorganisms can be adopted.
(1). Rhodobacter capsulata.
Attitude to oxygen (requirement of oxygen for growth): absolute aerobic.
Growth temperature: 20-40 ° C.
Features: (1) Decomposition and removal of BOD components.
(2) Decomposition and detoxification of toxic amines (putrescine, cadaverine, dimethylnitrosamine).
{Circle around (3)} Indirect growth inhibition of sulfate-reducing bacteria by antagonism of nutrient intake (prevention of hydrogen sulfide generation in paddy fields).
{Circle around (4)} Increase in sugar content, freshness retention effect, and yield of agricultural crops due to intracellular active ingredients.
(5) Beneficial agricultural bacteria increased due to application to soil.
The features (4) and (5) are also effective for killed photosynthetic bacteria.
[0036]
(2). Rhodobacter sphaeroides.
Attitude to oxygen: absolutely aerobic.
Growth temperature: 20-40 ° C.
Features: (1) Decomposition and removal of BOD components
(2) Some substances have a denitrification effect (conversion of nitric acid and nitrous acid to nitrogen gas).
(3) Decomposition and removal of lower fatty acids.
[0037]
(3). Rhodopseudomonas gelatinosa and Rhodopseudomonas palustris
Attitude to oxygen: facultative anaerobic.
Growth temperature: 20-40 ° C.
Features: (1) Decomposition and removal of BOD components.
(2) Absorption of phosphoric acid.
[0038]
Since all of these photosynthetic bacteria grow well in an aerobic environment at 20 ° C. to 40 ° C., Bacillus sp. The fermentation treatment by AURACE-S is put into the treatment tank when the temperature is lowered by calm down. In the method of the present invention, a single or a combination of a plurality of types can be applied to photosynthetic bacteria.
Rhodopseudomonas photosynthetic bacteria can grow with or without oxygen. Rhodobacter spheroides has an ability to decompose and remove lower fatty acids, and is effective when deodorization is required in the treatment process.
The growth of these photosynthetic bacteria limits the activity of other mesophilic and psychrotrophic bacteria. As a result, even when the temperature is reduced in the course of the treatment, the overall generation of malodor is suppressed.
[0039]
Although the amounts of the photosynthetic bacteria and the Aureth S bacterium to be charged into the treatment tank are not particularly limited, the amount of the slurry waste contained in the treatment tank is about 0.1 to 0.3% ( (Capacity conversion) is good.
[0040]
In the method of the present invention, it is desirable that a nutrient source of a microorganism (Aures S bacterium photosynthetic bacterium) besides the above-mentioned microorganism is further introduced into the treatment tank. The nutrient source may be a bran, a rice bran, or any other nutrient necessary for the survival or growth of the microorganism, other than the culture medium.
[0041]
In the processed product after the fermentation process, organic solids are decomposed and water is evaporated to reduce the weight.
It is desirable to apply a means for suppressing the growth of microorganisms to this treated product.
The growth suppressing means is made of, for example, a pH adjusting material. The processed material is adjusted to pH 10 or more or pH 3 or less by this pH adjusting material.
[0042]
The device of the present invention further includes a means for feeding a nutrient source of the microorganism group and / or a pH adjuster, in addition to the above-described configuration.
Further, the apparatus of the present invention further includes defoaming means for eliminating bubbles generated in the processing tank. It is desirable that the slurry-like hardly decomposable organic matter defoamed by the defoaming means is returned to the treatment tank.
In addition, the device of the present invention warms the slurry-like putrefactive waste to a predetermined temperature, that is, a temperature at which the Aureth S bacterium can grow at the initial stage of operation, and reduces the activity time of mesophilic bacteria such as facultative anaerobic bacteria. You may make it shorter.
[0043]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail based on illustrated embodiments.
FIG. 1 is a conceptual configuration diagram of the device of the present invention.
In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes a storage tank for storing slurry-like putrefactive waste mainly composed of swine waste discharged from a source such as a piggery 2, 3 denotes a pump provided in the storage tank, and 4 denotes this pump. 3 is a treatment tank for fermenting the slurry-like putrefactive waste pumped by 3.
[0044]
The processing tank 4 has an upper surface open portion closed except for the inlets 7 to 9 for the various additives.
A blower 5 is provided in the processing tank. The blower 5 aerates the slurry waste contained in the processing tank 4 from below. Reference numeral 6 denotes an air supply tube connected to the blower 5, the base end of which extends out of the processing tank.
[0045]
The processing tank 4 is provided with input ports 7 to 9 for various additive materials. The first input port 7 is an input port for Aureus S bacteria and photosynthetic bacteria. The Aureth S bacterium is a new bacterium belonging to the genus Bacillus collected and separated from pig farm soil as described above, and is a kind of obligate aerobic bacterium that grows well at 45 ° C. or higher. As the photosynthetic bacterium, a mixture of Rhodobacter capsulata, Rhodobacter spheroides, and Rhodopseudomonas geratinosa is used in this embodiment. Either the Aureth S bacterium or the photosynthetic bacterium is selectively supplied into the treatment tank by a switching valve 10 provided in the middle of the supply channel. At the initial stage of the treatment, the Aureth S bacteria are introduced into the treatment tank from the first inlet 7, and at the later stage of the treatment, the photosynthetic bacteria are similarly introduced from the first inlet 7.
[0046]
Each addition amount of both microorganisms depends on the volume of the slurry-like putrefactive waste. Usually, about 0.1 to 03% of Aureth S bacteria or photosynthetic bacteria are added to the slurry-like putrefactive waste 100 in terms of volume.
In addition, the code | symbol 11 in a figure is a container of Aureth S bacteria, and 12 is a container of photosynthetic bacteria.
[0047]
Reference numeral 8 denotes a second input port, which is communicated with a bran or rice bran container 13 which is a nutrient source of the above-mentioned microorganisms, and these nutrient sources are charged into the treatment tank at appropriate times.
Reference numeral 9 denotes a third inlet, which is connected to a container 14 for the pH adjusting material, which is a means for suppressing the growth of microorganisms, and supplies the pH adjusting material into the treatment tank when necessary.
[0048]
Reference numeral 15 denotes a defoaming machine arranged at the upper part of the processing tank. As shown in the enlarged view of FIG. 4, the defoamer 15 includes a bubble introduction pipe 16 communicating with the inside of the processing tank, a filter 17 for removing bubbles, and a cyclone 18. The bottom of the cyclone 18 is connected to the air supply pipe 6 via a return pipe 23. Accordingly, the suction pressure acts on the cyclone internal space from the inlet on the bubble separator side to the outlet on the return line side due to the negative pressure generated at the return line outlet by the operation of the blower 5.
[0049]
Reference numeral 19 denotes a washing tower which communicates with the upper part of the cyclone 18 via a communication passage. A deodorizing tower 20 is provided in parallel with the washing tower 19.
Reference numeral 21 denotes a liquid fertilizer storage tank arranged in parallel with the processing tank 4, and reference numeral 22 denotes a vibrating sieve.
Reference numeral 24 denotes a control device in which a control circuit for controlling the input timing and the input amount of the photosynthetic bacteria, the Aureth S bacterium, the pH adjusting material, and various additives of the nutrient source, the drive control of the pump and the blower, and the like are incorporated. .
[0050]
The use state of this device will be described.
The pork house raw water in a slurry state stored in the storage tank 1 is transferred to the processing tank via the pump 3 by operating the control device 24 for 6 m. ³ throw into. 20 l (liter) of Aureth S bacteria are supplied into the treatment tank from the first inlet 7, and the blower 5 is driven to send outside air into the slurry for aeration.
[0051]
The aerobic microorganisms in the slurry start growing under dissolved oxygen, decompose organic matter, and raise the temperature of the slurry. FIG. 3 shows the temperature change of the slurry when the Aureth S bacteria were introduced into the slurry (solid line) and when it was not introduced (thin broken line). The long dashed line in the figure indicates a change in the outside air temperature.
[0052]
About 10 hours after the start of aeration, the temperature rises both in the case where the Aureth S bacterium is injected and in the case where it is not, show the same temperature rise. The slurry rises to about 40 ° C. in about 10 hours. As described above, when the temperature exceeds 37 ° C., the Aureus S bacterium starts to grow. The temperature of the slurry is further increased by the growth of Aureth S bacteria, reaching 50 ° C. in about 16 hours. The Aureth S bacterium continues its activity thereafter, and raises the temperature of the slurry to 60 ° C. after about 28 hours. Thereafter, until 96 hours (approximately 4 days), the high-temperature state of 60 ° C. or more is maintained on average (about 68 ° C. at the highest temperature).
Various pathogenic bacteria such as Escherichia coli in the slurry are killed by this high temperature environment.
[0053]
Escherichia coli was measured on the raw water and the liquid fertilizer after the treatment by a conventional method using a BTB agar medium. ⁵ It was included, but liquid fertilizer showed negative. In addition, for Cryptosporidium, based on the indirect fluorescent antibody staining method `` Temporary test method for detection of oocysts of Cryptosporidium in water supply, '' the raw water and the liquid fertilizer after treatment were measured, and the raw water before treatment was positive. , Whereas liquid fertilizer after treatment showed negative.
Each of these shows that the pathogenic bacteria were killed by the long-term continuation of the high-temperature state described above in the present invention.
[0054]
On the other hand, in FIG. 3, in the decomposition treatment by the normal microorganisms when the Aureus S bacteria were not introduced, the temperature reached 50 ° C. only after 42 hours, and then the maximum temperature of 55 ° C. was recorded 46 hours later. However, it only maintains a temperature state of about 50 ° C.
Under such a high temperature state, it is not possible to form a temperature environment sufficient to kill pathogenic bacteria.
[0055]
Bubbles generated in the processing tank take up the hardly decomposable organic components in the slurry on the surface thereof and float to the upper part of the processing tank.
During the operation of the aeration blower 5, the outlet of the return pipe 23 communicating with the air supply pipe 6 has a negative pressure. This negative pressure acts on the downstream side of the bubble removing filter 17 via the cyclone 18 and the cyclone, and the bubbles in the upper space in the processing tank are taken into the bubble removing filter 17 from the bubble introduction pipe 16. The trapped air bubbles are filtered by the filter membrane of the filter 17. While the solid content is captured by the filter membrane, the liquid content is returned to the processing tank via the cyclone 18 and the return line 23. Therefore, this defoamer is economically implemented because it does not use electric power or a driving source.
[0056]
The odor component contained in the liquid passing through the cyclone 18 is guided from the upper part of the cyclone to the deodorization tower 20 via the washing tower 19 having a shower facility, and is discharged to the outside as odorless air.
[0057]
As shown in FIG. 3, after 96 hours, the temperature of the slurry begins to drop. This is a result of the calming of the slurry decomposition treatment by Aurus S bacteria. Although not shown in FIG. 3, the temperature of the slurry rapidly decreases to about 40 ° C. thereafter.
At this time, the valve 10 of the microorganism supply line is switched, and photosynthetic bacteria are introduced into the treatment tank from the photosynthetic bacteria container.
The photosynthetic bacterium starts to operate under the lowered temperature environment and further decomposes organic matter in the slurry. A nutrient of the photosynthetic bacterium is added from the second input port 8 as needed to increase the photosynthetic bacterium.
By increasing the growth of photosynthetic bacteria before other mesophilic bacteria start their activities, the source of the malodor is suppressed.
[0058]
After about one week (168 hours), most of the organic matter in the slurry is decomposed, and a part of the liquid is evaporated to form a liquid fertilizer reduced in amount from 50% to about 70%.
The liquid fertilizer is withdrawn from the bottom of the treatment tank, temporarily retained in the liquid fertilizer storage tank 21, and then passed through a vibrating sieve 22 to be returned to farmland.
When the liquid fertilizer is completed, a pH adjuster is added through the third inlet 9 to adjust the pH to an acidic side or a basic side, thereby suppressing the growth of various psychrotrophic and mesophilic bacteria and storing the same in a storage tank. No odor or the like is generated during the operation.
[0059]
Liquid fertilizer contains useful microorganisms such as photosynthetic bacteria inside. In addition, it is not only rich in the three major nutrients of N, P and K, but also contains a large amount of various mineral components. Moreover, since the high-temperature sterilization treatment is performed as described above, pests such as pathogenic bacteria and parasites that are harmful to animals and plants are killed. As a result, when returned to farmland, it becomes an effective organic fertilizer.
[0060]
A test was conducted to confirm the effect of applying the above liquid fertilizer to apples at Omachi City, Nagano Prefecture and Miyata Farm.
Test method:
Variety; mature Fuji tree
Application method: 3.5t per 10A is sprayed over the entire surface.
Test results:
Two trees were surveyed for the liquid fertilizer application zone and the conventional zone according to the method of the present invention.

[0061]
As is evident from the results, the liquid fertilizer, which is the result of the method of the present invention, showed improved quality in fruit color and sugar content.
[0062]
In addition, in the application test of paddy rice cultivation, in the plot using the liquid fertilizer which is the result of the method of the present invention, the growth is good from the beginning, showing a quick-acting fertilizer effect, and the same growth amount as in the conventional plot. It has been confirmed that it can be secured. There was no problem with lodging or internode extension.
Furthermore, no pests were generated in these field tests.
[0063]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, the following effects can be obtained.
After decomposing the putrefactive waste in a slurry state by using Aureth S bacteria that stably grow at about 60 ° C., the decomposition process is succeeded by the photosynthetic bacteria and finally becomes liquid fertilizer. The fermentation can be carried out continuously for a long time in a state, and the fermentation treatment can be performed in a relatively short time without generating an offensive odor, and the parasite eggs and pathogenic bacteria living in the slurry can be sterilized.
[0064]
Further, the amount of the slurry to be treated can be reduced, and the operation can be performed at relatively low cost without using a moisture adjusting material or the like.
[0065]
The device of the present invention is also composed of simple devices or devices, and does not require a large installation area.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1. Bacillus sp. The figure which shows the evolutionary phylogenetic tree of AURACE-S.
FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram of an apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a graph showing a change in temperature of pig human waste due to the growth of Aureth S bacteria.
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view showing an example of the device for defoaming bubbles shown in FIG. 2;
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Slurry putrefactive waste storage tank
2 Pig house
4 Processing tank
6 Air supply tube
7 First input port
8 Second input port
9 Third input port
11 Aureth S bacteria container
12 photosynthetic bacteria container
13 Microbial nutrient source container
14 pH adjustment material container
15 Defoaming machine
16 bubble introduction tube
17 Bubble filter
18 Cyclone
19 Washing tower
20 Deodorization tower
21 Liquid fertilizer storage tank
22 Vibrating sieve
23 Return line
24 Control device

Claims (10)

Aureth S bacteria are put into a closed type treatment tank containing slurry-like putrefactive waste,
By promoting the growth of Aures S bacteria by aeration in the treatment tank, after treating the slurry-like putrefactive waste by high-temperature fermentation, the photosynthetic bacteria are added to turn the slurry-like putrefactive waste into liquid fertilizer,
What is claimed is: 1. A method for treating a spoilable waste slurry. In the processing method according to claim 1,
In addition to the Aureth S bacteria and photosynthetic bacteria, further feed a nutrient source of these microorganisms into the treatment tank,
What is claimed is: 1. A method for treating a spoilable waste slurry. In the processing method according to claim 1 or 2,
Subjecting the treated product after fermentation to means for inhibiting the growth of microorganisms,
Method of treating slurry-like putrefactive waste characterized by the following: The slurry-like putrefactive waste is a slurry obtained by adding water to the low-moisture-content putrefactive waste,
A method for treating a slurried spoilage waste according to any one of claims 1 to 3. The microorganism growth suppressing means comprises a pH adjusting material,
The method for treating slurry-like rotten waste according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The processed material is adjusted to pH 10 or higher or pH 3 or lower by the pH adjusting material.
A method for treating a slurry-like putrefactive waste according to claim 5. A closed-type treatment tank containing slurry-like perishable waste;
A group of microorganisms including a photosynthetic bacterium and an Aureth S bacterium,
Charging means for charging the microorganisms into the treatment tank,
Oxygen supply means for sending oxygen into the processing tank,
An apparatus for treating putrefactive waste slurry. The device according to claim 7,
Further comprising means for feeding a nutrient source of the microorganism group and / or a pH adjusting material,
Equipment for treating slurry-like putrefactive waste. The device according to claim 7 or 8,
The apparatus further comprises defoaming means for eliminating bubbles generated in the processing tank,
Equipment for treating slurry-like putrefactive waste. The device according to claim 7 or 8,
It further comprises a heating means for heating the contents in the processing tank to a predetermined temperature,
Equipment for treating slurry-like putrefactive waste.

Images