JP2004008874A - Water making apparatus and greening improving system - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a water making apparatus capable of making water at a low cost by maximally utilizing natural energy. <P>SOLUTION: The water making apparatus is equipped with a fine algae culture tank 3 in which seawater is taken, a roof 6 covering the upper part of the fine algae culture tank 3 and permitting steam evaporated from seawater by solar radiation to adhere to the inside of the roof 6, a seawater sprinkling pipe 7 for sprinkling seawater to cool the surface of the roof 6 and a collection means 9 for collecting waterdrops adhering to the inside of the roof 6. In this water making apparatus, water is made at a low cost by maximally utilizing natural energy. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a desalination apparatus for liquefying water in the air, particularly the sea, by natural energy to produce fresh water, and to a greening plant facility to which the fresh water apparatus is applied.
[0002]
[Prior art]
As a technique for desalination, a desalination apparatus for guiding seawater to a seawater desalination apparatus and desalinating the seawater by an evaporation method or an osmosis membrane method has been conventionally used.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Conventional desalination equipment uses freshwater from seawater desalination equipment, requiring a large amount of energy (electric power and heat) for desalination of seawater, increasing the cost of desalination and requiring a great deal of cost for water supply. Was.
[0004]
The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a fresh water producing apparatus capable of producing fresh water at a low cost by making the most of natural energy.
[0005]
Further, the present invention has been made in view of the above situation, and has as its object to provide a greening improvement system capable of securing a stable supply of water. Further, it is an object of the present invention to provide a revegetation improvement system that includes a fresh water generator that can produce water at a low cost by making the most of natural energy and that can ensure a stable supply of water to the revegetation means. Aim.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the structure of the fresh water generator of the present invention includes a seawater tank from which seawater is drawn, a roof that covers the upper part of the seawater tank and adheres inside of the seawater vapor evaporated by solar radiation, and a surface of the roof. And cooling means for collecting water droplets attached to the inside of the roof.
[0007]
The seawater tank can be a microalgae culture tank for culturing microalgae to generate fuel gas, and in this case, a carbon dioxide injection means for injecting carbon dioxide into the microalgae culture tank is provided. It is characterized by.
[0008]
Further, the cooling means uses seawater from a seawater tank.
[0009]
The roof is characterized in that a hydrophilic material is applied to the lower surface or both surfaces.
[0010]
The roof is characterized in that a material (glass) having good heat conductivity is applied to the surface.
[0011]
Further, the lower part of the roof and the upper part of the seawater tank are characterized in that the outside air flows and the rise of seawater temperature is suppressed.
[0012]
In addition, the water droplets collected by the collecting means are supplied to a greening means in which water is artificially replenished in a dry land to grow plants.
[0013]
Further, the fermentation residue of the microalga cultured in the microalga culture tank is discharged as a fertilizer.
[0014]
The configuration of the greening improvement system of the present invention for achieving the above object includes a greening means for growing plants by artificially supplying water to dry land, and any one of claims 1 to 7. And a water supply means for collecting water droplets collected by the fresh water generator and sending the collected water droplets to the greening means.
[0015]
Further, a control system for adjusting the operation of the fresh water generator and the water supply means by a prediction system for predicting weather and environmental conditions to ensure stable supply of water to the greening means is provided.
[0016]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
FIG. 1 shows a schematic configuration of a fresh water generator according to an embodiment of the present invention.
[0017]
As shown in the figure, an intake pipe 1 for taking in seawater is provided near the shoreline, and seawater is taken from the intake pipe 1 by an intake pump 2. The seawater taken in by the water intake pump 2 is sent to a microalga culture tank 3 as a seawater tank. The microalga culture tank 3 is supplied with gaseous gas from a CO ₂ injection pipe 4 as a carbon dioxide injection means via a pump 5 or the like. Carbon dioxide (CO ₂ ) is injected. In the microalga culturing tank 3, microalgae (such as Synechocystis and Chlamodomonas) are cultured, and the microalgae is fermented during the culturing to generate microalgae-producing gas (fuel gas such as ethanol).
[0018]
The seawater tank is not limited to the microalga culture tank 3, but may be a reservoir or a water channel having a depth of about several tens of cm for storing seawater.
[0019]
As the fuel gas, for example, an alcohol fuel such as ethanol or methanol is generated, or a hydrocarbon-based fuel (methane fuel) in which an alcohol-based fuel is converted into a hydrocarbon-based (methane or the like) as necessary. A part of the fuel gas generated in the microalga culture tank 3 is used as fuel for operating the intake pump 2 and the pump 5, and the other fuel gas is sent to a necessary place.
[0020]
The microalga culture tank 3 is provided with a roof 6 that covers the upper part, and natural ventilation is performed in the space between the microalga culture tank 3 and the roof 6. The seawater in the microalga culture tank 3 is appropriately circulated (exchanged), and the seawater temperature and the salt concentration for growing the microalgae are controlled by natural ventilation and seawater exchange.
[0021]
Since microalgae grow by photosynthesis, the growth of microalgae can be promoted by injecting CO ₂ into the reservoir. CO ₂ is supplied from the CO ₂ injection tube 4, for example, is applied CO ₂ emissions from power plants and the like, by installing the microalga culture vessel 3 adjacent to the power plant, CO from power plants ₂ and the generation of fuel gas can be performed simultaneously.
[0022]
The roof 6 is configured, for example, with a transparent hydrophilic plate or a hydrophobic plate in an inclined state. As the roof 6, an acrylic plate, a glass plate, a vinyl sheet or the like is applied. At the top of the roof 6, a seawater sprinkling pipe 7 is provided as a cooling means. Seawater in the microalga culture tank 3 is sprinkled from the seawater sprinkling pipe 7 onto the surface of the roof 6, and a steam cooling film 8 is formed on the surface of the roof 6. Form. The seawater after cooling the roof 6 flows down along the slope of the roof 6 and is collected in the microalga culture tank 3.
[0023]
When a hydrophilic plate is used as the roof 6, the hydrophilicity of the seawater sprinkled from the seawater sprinkling pipe 7 is enhanced, which is advantageous for the conductivity of cold heat during cooling. Further, when a hydrophobic plate is used as the roof 6, the hydrophobicity of the seawater sprinkled from the seawater sprinkling pipe 7 is increased, so that the seawater can be easily collected, and the degree of freedom of the shape of the roof 6 can be improved.
[0024]
Water droplets of seawater evaporated by the solar radiation adhere to the inside of the roof 6, and the attached water droplets are collected by the collecting means 9 (gutter, etc.) by the inclination of the roof 6. The water droplets collected by the collecting means 9 are sent from the cooling water collecting pipe 10 to a desired use place 11 requiring water. Moisture can be used in any location where water can be sent, such as greening plants and parks that require fresh water.
[0025]
At this time, if the use place 11 is a greening plant, the fermentation residue of the microalga cultured in the microalga culture tank 3 can be supplied to the use place 11 as a fertilizer. In addition, by taking measures for separating and recovering CO ₂ from water, CO ₂ emissions can be eliminated and CO ₂ emission rights can be secured.
[0026]
In the fresh water generator 15 having the above configuration, a part of the fuel gas generated in the microalga cultivation tank 3 is used to draw seawater by the water intake pump 2 used as fuel for operating power. Sent to Also, part of the fuel gas generated in the microalga culture tank 3 is CO ₂ gas is fed by a pump 5 which is used as fuel for operating the power CO ₂ injection tube 4 from the CO ₂ gas microalga culture bath 3 Sent to The microalga is cultured in the microalga culture tank 3, and the microalga is fermented during the culturing to generate a microalga-producing gas (fuel gas).
[0027]
On the other hand, the seawater in the microalga culture tank 3 evaporates due to the solar radiation and adheres to the inside of the roof 6 as water droplets. The seawater in the microalga culture tank 3 is sprinkled from the seawater sprinkling pipe 7 onto the surface of the roof 6, thereby cooling the roof 6 and promoting the generation of water droplets adhering to the inside. Water droplets adhering to the inside of the roof 6 are collected by the collecting means 9 and sent from the cooling water collecting pipe 10 to a desired use place 11.
[0028]
Although it depends on the scale of the microalga culturing tank 3 and the like, it has been confirmed that the amount of fresh water produced by the fresh water producing device 15 can be about several hundreds (liters) per day.
[0029]
In the fresh water generator 15 described above, the seawater in the microalga culture tank 3 is evaporated by using solar heat, and water droplets are attached to the inside of the cooled roof 6 to produce fresh water. ₂ can be performed at the same time, and the power required for fresh water generation can be fresh water utilizing solar heat.
[0030]
Further, since the financed supply power of the water supply and CO ₂ gas in seawater by the fuel gas generated in the microalga culture tank 3, allowing fresh water without the need for special power.
[0031]
Therefore, the desalination apparatus 15 can produce seawater as distilled water at low cost.
[0032]
Next, a greening improvement system including the above-described fresh water generator will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing an outline of the greening improvement system.
[0033]
As shown in the figure, a desert greening plant 31 (see FIG. 1) as a greening means for growing plants (dry-resistant plants, trees, crops, etc.) and keeping water by artificially supplying water to deserts and the like that are dry land. 1 corresponding to the use location 11).
[0034]
A desalination plant (corresponding to the desalination device 15 in FIG. 1) 32 is installed near the shoreline, and distilled water produced from seawater in the desalination plant 32 is sent to the desert greening plant 31 by water B. In addition, a seawater desalination plant 34 is installed as a seawater desalination unit that supplies freshwater by processing seawater and sends the obtained freshwater to the desert greening plant 31.
[0035]
On the other hand, a wind power station 35 is provided at an appropriate place such as a mountain area, and electric power from the wind power station 35 is transmitted to the fresh water plant 32 and the seawater desalination plant 34. Further, a solar power plant 37 is provided near the seawater desalination plant 34, and power from the solar power plant 37 is transmitted to the seawater desalination plant 34, the fresh water plant 32, and the desert greening plant 31.
[0036]
Further, a wide-area weather forecasting system 36 is installed as a control unit and a forecasting system. The wide-area weather forecasting system 36 collects data and transmits forecast information. Observation information D is sent to the wide-area weather forecasting system 36 from a satellite 38 that performs wide-area weather observation and communication.
[0037]
The wide area weather forecasting system 36 sends the weather forecast information E to the desert greening plant 31, the fresh water plant 32 and the seawater desalination plant 34, and adjusts the operation status of the power of each system.
[0038]
In addition, the wide area weather forecasting system 36 sends the natural energy amount forecast information F to the wind power station 35 and the solar power station 37, and the power generation status at each power station is adjusted.
[0039]
The weather forecast information E and the renewable energy forecast information F sent from the wide-area weather forecast system 36 predict weather and environmental conditions from the present to the future. Control is performed so that stable water supply to the greening plant 31 is ensured.
[0040]
For example, the load on the photovoltaic power plant 37 is reduced and the load on the wind power plant 35 is increased in a weather condition with a small amount of sunlight, and the load on the photovoltaic power plant 37 is increased in a weather condition with a small amount of wind with the wind power generation. The power is controlled so as to suppress the load on the location 35 and to ensure the total power.
[0041]
In the fresh water plant 32 provided with the microalgae culture tank 3, the fresh water capacity of the seawater desalination plant 34 is increased or the fresh water capacity of the fresh water plant 33 is suppressed in accordance with the solar radiation time and the amount of solar radiation. In this way, a stable supply of water to the desert greening plant 31 is ensured by making the most of natural energy irrespective of weather conditions.
[0042]
In the above-described revegetation improvement system, water is produced by the desalination plant 32 in addition to the freshwater produced by the seawater desalination plant 34. Therefore, even when the processing capacity of the seawater desalination plant 34 is reduced, Sufficient water for the operation.
[0043]
Therefore, it is possible to provide a revegetation improvement system that includes a desalination device that can produce water at low cost and that can secure a stable supply of water to the desert revegetation plant 31.
[0044]
Therefore, as one of the measures for preventing global warming by suppressing carbon dioxide emission, it is feasible to secure the carbon dioxide absorption source by greening the desert.
[0045]
【The invention's effect】
The configuration of the fresh water generator of the present invention is a seawater tank from which seawater is withdrawn, a roof that covers the upper part of the seawater tank and adheres the inside of the seawater vapor evaporated by solar radiation, and a cooling unit that cools the surface of the roof, Since a trapping means for trapping water droplets adhering to the inside of the roof is provided, it is possible to provide a desalination apparatus capable of producing desalination at low cost by maximizing natural energy.
[0046]
The seawater tank is a microalga culture tank for culturing microalgae to generate fuel gas, and a carbon dioxide injection means for injecting carbon dioxide into the microalgae culture tank is provided. It is possible to simultaneously generate fuel gas.
[0047]
In addition, since the cooling means uses seawater in a seawater tank, no special cooling source is required.
[0048]
In addition, since a material having hydrophilicity is applied to the lower surface or both surfaces of the roof, the thermal conductivity of cold heat is improved, and the cooling efficiency can be increased.
[0049]
Further, since a material having hydrophobicity is applied to the surface of the roof, recovery of seawater for cooling is facilitated, and the degree of freedom of the shape of the roof is increased.
[0050]
Further, since the outside air flows through the lower part of the roof and the upper part of the seawater tank to suppress the rise of the seawater temperature, the seawater temperature can be easily controlled.
[0051]
Further, the water droplets collected by the collecting means are supplied to the greening means where the water is artificially replenished in the dry land and the plants are grown, so that the water of the greening means can be secured.
[0052]
In addition, since the fermentation residue of the microalga cultured in the microalga culture tank is discharged as fertilizer, fresh water can be produced without waste.
[0053]
The configuration of the greening improvement system of the present invention is a greening means for growing plants by artificially supplying moisture to dry land, and the fresh water generator according to any one of claims 1 to 7, A water plant that collects water droplets collected by the fresh water generator and sends it to the green plant is equipped with a fresh water generator that can make use of natural energy to the maximum and produce water at low cost. An improved system can be provided.
[0054]
In addition, a control system that adjusts the operation of the fresh water generator and the water supply unit by a prediction system that predicts weather and environmental conditions to ensure a stable supply of water to the greening unit is provided, so that a stable supply of water is ensured. And a greening improvement system that can be used.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a fresh water generator according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing an outline of a greening improvement system.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 intake pipe 2 intake pump 3 microalga culture tank 4 CO ₂ injection tube 5 pump 6 roof 7 seawater sprinkling pipe 8 steam cooling film 9 collecting means 10 cooling water collection tube 11 using the location 15 the fresh water generator 31 desert greening plant 32 sea Steam blower plant 33 Fresh water plant 34 Seawater desalination plant 35 Wind power plant 36 Wide-area weather forecast system 37 Solar power plant 38 Satellite

Claims (10)

A seawater tank from which seawater is drawn, a roof that covers the upper part of the seawater tank and attaches the water vapor evaporated by solar radiation to the inside, a cooling means to cool the roof surface, and collects water droplets attached to the inside of the roof A fresh water producing device comprising: In claim 1,
A seawater tank is a microalgae culture tank for culturing microalgae to generate fuel gas, and a carbon dioxide injecting means for injecting carbon dioxide into the microalgae culture tank is provided. In claim 1 or claim 2,
A fresh water generator, wherein the cooling means uses seawater from a seawater tank. In any one of claims 1 to 3,
A fresh water generator, wherein a material having hydrophilicity is applied to a lower surface or both surfaces of the roof. In any one of claims 1 to 3,
A fresh water generator, wherein the roof is made of a material having good heat conductivity. In any one of claims 1 to 5,
A fresh water generator, wherein the water droplets collected by the collecting means are supplied to a greening means in which water is artificially replenished in a dry land and plants are grown. In claim 2,
A fresh water generator, wherein the fermentation residue of the microalga cultured in the microalga culture tank is discharged as fertilizer. A greening means for growing plants by artificially supplying water to a dry land, the fresh water generator according to any one of claims 1 to 7, and water droplets collected by the fresh water generator. A revegetation improvement system comprising: a water supply means for collecting and sending the collected water to the revegetation means. In claim 8,
A revegetation improvement system comprising a control means for adjusting the operation of a fresh water generator and a water supply means by a prediction system for predicting weather and environmental conditions to secure a stable supply of water to the revegetation means. In any one of claims 1 to 3,
A fresh water generator characterized in that the lower part of the roof and the upper part of the seawater tank are ventilated by outside air to suppress a rise in seawater temperature.

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