JP2003510742A - Method for immediately writing or reading a file on a disk-shaped recording medium - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) Abstract: A method for recording a digital information signal on a recording medium on a removable rewritable disk, the method comprising a short initialization step, followed by a blank, unformatted medium containing user data. Ready to receive. The initialization step does not intend to record user data, but defines a general purpose area on the recording medium for defect management and special application programs.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

The present invention records a digital information signal on a removable rewritable disc-shaped recording medium with a program area of the disc, and before taking out the disc from the recording device, a lead-in area and a lead-out area containing control information. To finalize a disc having a.

The present invention is also a recording device for recording a digital information signal on a removable rewritable disc-shaped recording medium, and an input means for receiving the digital information signal, and a recording medium receiving means for receiving the recording medium and the removable medium. A means for recording the digital information signal on the removable medium, a recording means for recording the digital information signal on the recording medium, a means for reading the digital information signal accumulated on the recording medium, and a means for reading the read digital information signal. The present invention relates to a recording device for recording a digital information signal, which has output means for outputting and control means for controlling recording of a digital information signal representing user data in a program area on a recording medium.

In the PC world, it is necessary to replace a floppy (registered trademark) drive. Since the magnetic floppy disk and the reading function have already been replaced by the CD-ROM, an optical format disc-shaped rewritable storage medium such as the CD-RW seems to be a logical choice. All PCs today are equipped with a CD-ROM,
The application and software are distributed by CD-ROM. Therefore, a recording medium such as a CD-RW or a rewritable DVD seems to be a perfect medium for satisfying the required capacity. Magneto-optical recording media have already tried to fill this gap, but are not compatible with the installed base. That is, it is, for example, a CD-RW that is delivered to a base installed over approximately 200 million CD-ROM drives. CD-RW media are inexpensive and large enough in capacity for floppy use.

In addition, operating system manufacturers want to eliminate traditional components such as floppy drives. For OEM companies, floppy drive, CD-ROM drive and DV by one spindle drive of combination
The idea of replacing the D-ROM drive with two writers in the future is attractive. It also gives the drive new features other than the increased speed so far.

There are products on the market that allow the CD-RW to be used like a floppy drive, but they do not work as the CD floppy drive was expected to do. Access time is too low, format time is too long, and more importantly, the drive doesn't fit the current OS strategy. The disc should be ready for immediate drag and drop. High-speed eject is required, and erasing must be done immediately. Defect management is required to allow other numbers of drag and drop. However, defect management should be done by the drive. This is not supported on the write side by the manufacturing of the operating system, UDF1.0 instead of UDF1.5
Open to use 2. In addition, background formatting must be done by the drive rather than by the application or the OS to minimize bus traffic and interaction between the drive and the OS. Finally, the drive has to read / modify / write to the packet.

The object of the present invention is therefore to eliminate the abovementioned drawbacks. According to one characteristic, the method of the invention is characterized in that it carries out an initialization step as claimed in claim 1.

Since very limited data is recorded, this step can be completed in a few seconds.
The disc is then ready for data storage. Further, the general area can be used to add further functionality, for example by storing device drivers here or by allowing disk space to be used by the program. Since the general purpose area is readable by conventional drives, these drives may adopt additional functionality as this drive reports the beginning of the lead-out area as the end of the user area. This achieves compatibility.

The advantageous embodiment is achieved by adding defect management according to the characterizing part of claim 2. This is required if you add file drag and drop functionality that is equivalent to the functionality of removable disks.

A further advantageous embodiment is obtained by reserving space for a device driver which handles defect management according to the characterizing part of claim 3. This allows conventional drives to handle defective areas.

A further improvement is obtained by adding a marking area next to the defect table as defined by the characterizing part of claim 5. This area is used predominantly. Due to the storage of owner information, such as copyright information, this area can be used to store a new defect table when the old one is exhausted.

Another embodiment is obtained according to the characterizing part of claim 6, by formatting when the drive is idle. This has the advantage that the media is formatted before the eject request occurs.

The following example performs a finalization step according to the characterizing part of claim 7. The recording medium is compatible with CD-ROM, while 2
The next defect table (SDT) can be read by a CD-ROM reader or conventional and readers.

However, an advantageous embodiment is obtained by enabling an early eject step according to the characterizing part of claim 8. The eject time is as fast as possible while the recording medium leaves the drive in a CD-ROM or conventional drive compatible state. All data is recorded continuously, while the temporary defect table (TDT) can be used for defect management.

[0014]   Other advantageous embodiments are disclosed in this description.

FIG. 1 outlines the basic format of a CD-ROM known from a related standard, designated as “Yellow Book”, similar to the “Red Book” standard for audio CDs. A description of the physical standard of the CD-ROM can be found in the publicly available document ISO / IEC 10149 of Audio-CD in IEC908. The physical standard for recordable CDs is called "Orange Book" and is disclosed in ISO / IEC 11172/1/2/3 /. CD-RO
The standard for the logical format of M is described in ISO-9660 (High Sealer Standard), and for recordable CD, ECMA168 / ISO139.
40 (Frankfurt proposal).

The data-carrying area of the CD-ROM begins with a lead-in area, a data area is available for user data, and ends with a lead-out area.

The methods for defect management and formatting described in this description are:
It can be used to optimize the performance of high speed CD-RW in a computer environment. In order to utilize the full performance of high speed CD-RW in a computer data storage environment, some conditions must be met. 1) The system requires random access. 2) The recorded disc must be compatible with a multi-read compliant CD-ROM drive. 3) The system needs a method of defect management that can be handled by the drive or a dedicated device driver. 4) Formatting must be done in the background (without the interaction of the applications or operating systems running on the computer). 5) The disc must be available immediately after insertion and the eject time must be minimal. 6) Recording is based on fixed packets of 32 user blocks in a single track on a single session disc.

In order to ensure read compatibility with a multi-read CD-ROM drive (or conventional CD-R / RW recorder), the following requirements must be met. The disc has a lead-in area, a program area and a lead-out area. -All program areas between the lead-in area and the lead-out area shall be completely formatted. -All data including the defect management information and the replacement area is stored in the program area of the disc (
Logically addressable area). And defect management must be able to be handled by a dedicated device driver running under the operating system of the computer. A disc is said to be "ROM-compatible" if it satisfies all these conditions. Since current CD-ROM drives do not deal with defect management, an optional device driver that provides this function to the system must be provided in the general area, for example during formatting.

The defect management system uses the main defect table (MDT) in the lead-in area of the disc.
), The secondary defect table (SDT) in the general area and the replacement packet. The defect table is a so-called indicator packet (STL
) Must be preceded by. The general layout of a disc obtained with the method according to the invention is shown in FIG.

The general-purpose area is preferably arranged on the outer circumference of the disc in contact with the lead-out area. The CD-writer with defect management according to the invention reports the starting address of the general area as the starting address of the lead-out area. The UDF-file system thus uses small partitions. This unused portion is reserved for the replacement area and contains a defect table. This is in contrast to conventional drives, which report the end of the original lead-out address. This trick is CD-
Required to make defect management backward compatible with conventional drives such as ROM.
The CD-ROM reader can read the defect management area because the defect management area is in the data area. The device driver manages defects in the case of the conventional drive. Future CD-ROM readers must be capable of handling defect management on their own. This is only a firmware change in ROM firmware.
The writer read-out pointer must be added to the firmware.
CD / DVD-ROM compatibility is obtained by a device driver or application that reads the defect management table and handles defect management. The operating system is thus a CD-ROM, a conventional CD-RW, a DVD-ROM or a DVD-RA only by means of a device driver or application that handles defect management.
M work with each other. CD-RW with improved format according to the invention
Works directly with the operating system.

Generally, the end user of the system prefers that the disc be ready for use within seconds after the disc is inserted in the drive. However, blank discs must be formatted before their capabilities are fully available. Since the normal formatting process takes a lot of time, a background formatting procedure is defined, which initializes the disc with a minimal amount of information and is then available for recording, and during the time period when the drive is idle. Advance the format. Background formatting defines only the physical formatting of the disc, which is system dependent. Fully formatted discs are always ROM-compatible. The eject instruction is executed without delay. If an eject is required before the disc is completely formatted, a fast termination process must be performed to make the disc ROM-compatible before leaving the recorder.

According to the current CD-RW recording format, data can be recorded in several separate write operations. This is called an incremental light. In the case of incremental lights, the linking rules of recorded data must be taken into account. The link position is a physical position on the disc that is allowed to start and stop recording the EFM signal. In the case of data recording, the EFM recording sequence starts and stops at link, run-in and run-out blocks.
No gaps between records are allowed. The recorded link, run-in, user data and run-out block are called packets. The number of user data blocks in a packet is called the packet size. The link block contains the link position.

FIG. 3 shows details of linking in the program area according to the current CD-RW format. In the program area, one track is composed of a fixed packet having a size of 32 user data blocks. LNK = link block, RI1. ． R
I4 = run-in block, RO1. ． RO2 = runout block, UD1. ．
UD32 = user data block and TDB = track descriptor-block.

FIG. 4 shows a general area (GPA) layout according to the present invention. General area (
The GPA is composed of three parts: a general application area (GAA), a defect management area (DMA), and a reservation packet.

The GPA is located in the logically addressable space of the disc (shown in FIG. 2) at the end of the program area just before the lead-out area. The defect management system should not be activated in GPA, so there is no replacement for defective packets in GPA. The general application area (GAA) is used for storing data that cannot be replaced by defect management. It can handle defect management, such as application programs or device drivers. Or
Support for multi-operating system that adopts UDF or ISO9660 file system. Or support multiple sources like music / video playback.
The size of GAA is defined during formatting of the disc. It is allowed to specify length = 0 for GAA.

The defect management area (DMA) is N which means replacement of a defective packet in the data area.
It consists of a packet, an indicator packet (STL), and a secondary defect table (SDT). The number of replacement packets N is defined during the formatting of the disc. SDT is meant to be used by CD-ROM drives and conventional CD recorders for defect management during lead-out. It is also a backup in case the MDT gets corrupted. The SDT contains one packet. The SDT is preceded by the beacon packet. The contents of the 2K block of the marker packet are all zero. The last packet of GPA is a reservation packet. This packet is not used for any purpose other than file system use.

The defect management system of the high-speed CD-RW is based on the main defect table (1 packet) in the lead-in area, the secondary defect table including the copy of MDT in the general-purpose area and the replacement packet in the general-purpose area. There is. FIG. 5 shows the lead-in area and the first area.
Shows the position of the MDT of.

The defect management of the recorder replaces only all packets found to be defective during writing or reading. Possible error detection is based on, for example, excessive servo signals, feedback from the "working OPC" during writing, or error flags from the error correction system during reading.

The MDT is updated by the recorder in each case of defect detection. If the MDT is overwhelmed by too much exhaustion (or becomes defective for other reasons of corruption), a new STL packet is formed just before the current STL packet, and the old STL packet is It is overwritten by a new MDT packet. FIG. 6 shows a defective MDT replacement. The defective MDT packet must be overwritten with DT with an update count field set to FFFFh, which indicates that this table is no longer valid.

The SDT needs to be updated only when the disc is ejected from the recorder. If the SDT is exhausted (or otherwise compromised for other reasons) with many overwrites, a new STL packet is formed just before the current STL packet, and as shown in FIG. , Old STL packets are overwritten by new SDT packets. Defective SDT packets must be overwritten with DT with an update count field set to FFFFh, indicating that this table is no longer valid. The number of replacement packets is reduced by 1, and the defect table has to be applied.

Thus, according to an embodiment of the method of the present invention, three defect tables are defined. A main defect table (MDT) located in the lead-in area. A secondary defect table (SDT), which is an exact copy of the MDT located in the general area (GPA). Additionally, a third defect table is defined according to an embodiment of the method of the present invention. -Temporary Defect Table (TDT). This TDT is formed in place of the SDT when an eject is requested before the background formatting process is completed and will be described below.

All defect tables have the same layout and contain the same information after the disc has been ejected from the recorder. Each defect table (DT) is contained in 4 consecutive blocks, which are repeated 8 times to fill the complete packet. FIG. 8 shows the structure of a defect table packet. This repetition gives good protection against local defects of the disc (dust, scratches, etc.). This packet is
Continuously filled, starting at DT0, part 0 and ending at DT7, part 3.

The defect table contains a list of packets, is determined to be defective during verification or use of the medium, and the list of packets is reserved for replacement. Defective packets are linearly replaced by allocated reserved packets in the defect table. The recognition of defective packets occurs either during the read or write operation by the recorder.

Each 2K block in the defect table packet has the content defined in FIG. 9 showing the layout of the defect table. The addressing method that should be used for defect management is
Follows the logical block number. Referring to FIG. 9, the specific bytes have the following contents.

[0035]   Bytes 0 to 2: Signature. These 3 bytes are set below. 4D4454h, represents the character "MDT" in each block of MDT. 534454h, represents the character "SDT" in each block of SDT. 544454h, represents the character "TDT" in each block of TDT.

[0036]   Byte 3: version number. These bytes are set to 00h.

Bytes 4, 5: DT update count. These bytes indicate the total number of update operations for this defect table. This field is set to 0000h during DT formation and is incremented by 1 each time the DT is rewritten. If the DT packet is defective, it is overwritten in the DT with an update count field set to FFFFh, indicating that this table is no longer valid.

Byte 6: DT number / DT part number. The upper 4 bits of this byte define the DT number in the packet with binary values 0-7. The lower 4 bits of this byte indicate the part number in DT with a binary value of 0.
It is specified in 3 to 3.

Byte 7: DT part used. This byte is the number of DT parts that actually contain valid DT entries (0 to 4).
) Is specified.

Bytes 8, 9: Number of DT entries. These 2 bytes indicate the number of replacement entries in DT (total of all 4 parts)
. This value should be equal to the number of replacement packets in the defect management area.

[0041]   Bytes 10 to 15: Reserved. These 6 bytes are reserved and set to 00h.

Bytes 16-18: Start of General Area. These 3 bytes define the logical block number (LBN) of the user data block of the first packet in the general area. Bits 7 to 4 of byte 16 are reserved and set to zero.

[0043]   Byte 16, Bits 7 to 4: Reserved, Bits 3 to 0: LBN of the first user data block of GPA.

[0044]   Byte 17, Bits 7-0: LBN of the first user data block of GPA.

[0045]   Byte 18, Bits 7-0: LBN of the first user data block of GPA.

Bytes 19, 20: Size of replacement area. These two bytes define the number of packets left for replacement of defective packets.

Bytes 21 to 23: Size of general-purpose area. These 3 bytes define the number of packets to store for data storage not under the control of defect management.

Bytes 24, 25: Disc state. These two bytes contain a flag indicating the disc status. These can be used, for example, to track the background formatting process.

[0049]   Byte 24, Bits 7 to 5: Formatting state, Bits 4 to 1: Reserved and set to zero. Bit 0: Dirty disc.

[0050]   Byte 24 Bits 7 to 0: Reserved and set to zero.

Formatting Status: Bits 7,6 = 00: Disc not formatted, 01: Disc partially formatted, 10: Disc fully formatted by the user, 11: Disc manufactured Completely formatted by the user. Bit 5 is meant to be used as a "thaw is ready" flag, the details of which are described below. Bit 5 = 1: The disc is recorded discontinuously and indicates that there is a blank area between some recordings. Bit 5 = 0: All packets between the start of the program area and the last recorded user data in the data area (see FIG. 2) have been recorded or formatted. Before ejection, the disc should have bit 5 set to 1 and the blank area should be formatted.

Dirty Disc: Bit 0 means used as a general “Power Fail Flag”. It is set to 1 on each write operation and reset to 0 when the disc is closed and ejected in the normal way.

Bytes 26 to 28: Last write address. These 3 bytes define the Logical Block Number (LBN) of the first user data block of the last packet recorded or formatted. Bits 7-4 of byte 26 are reserved and set to zero.

Byte 26, bits 7 to 4: reserved, bits 3 to 0: L of the first user data of the last formatted packet
BN.

Byte 27, bits 7 to 0: L of the first user data of the last formatted packet
BN.

Byte 28, bits 7 to 0: L of the first user data of the last formatted packet
BN.

[0057]   Bytes 29 to 21: Reserved. These 3 bytes are reserved and set to 00h.

Bytes 32 to 2047: DT replacement entry. Each DT entry consists of 6 bytes. The first 3 bytes indicate the defective packet, and the last 3 bytes identify the assigned replacement packet. Used to indicate the status of the most significant bit permutation of byte n and byte n + 3. Unused bytes are set to 00h.

[0059]   Byte n, Bits 7, 6: Status 1, Bits 5, 4: Reserved 1, Bits 3 to 0: Defective packet LBN.

[0060]   Byte n + 1, Bits 7 to 0: Defective packet LBN.

[0061]   Byte n + 2, Bits 7 to 0: Defective packet LBN.

[0062]   Byte n + 3, Bits 7, 6: State 2, Bits 5, 4: Reserved 2, Bits 3 to 0: Replacement packet LBN.

[0063]   Byte n + 4, Bits 7 to 0: Replacement packet LBN.

[0064]   Byte n + 5, Bits 7 to 0: Replacement packet LBN.

The defective packet LBN must be equal to the LBN of the first user data block in the defective packet to be exchanged. These replacement packets LBN are
It must be equal to the LBN of the first user data block in the replacement packet that is assigned to hold the replacement packet.

[0066]   The state and reservation values are defined as follows.

State 1: Bits 7, 6: = 00: Entry indicates a valid replacement, = 01: Entry identifies a defective packet not recorded in the replacement address, = 10: Entry is used for future replacement Identifies possible replacement packets, the defective packet LBN is set to zero, = 11: The entry identifies a replacement packet that can be used for future replacements, and the defective packet LBN is unspecified.

[0068]   Reservation 1: Bits 5 and 4 are set to 00.

[0069]   State 2: Bits 7, 6: = 00: The same data as the replacement position is recorded at the original position, = 01: Data that is different from the replacement position is recorded at the original position, = 10: Reserved, = 11: Reserved.

[0070]   Reservation 2: Bits 5 and 4 are set to 00.

The DT entries in the table are sorted in ascending order as if each DT entry was a single 48-bit unsigned binary integer. There is no hierarchical permutation. The replacement packet LBN is not equal to the defective packet LBN.

Next, the marker packet will be described with reference to FIG. Each 2K block in the STL packet has the content shown in FIG. Here, consecutive bytes have the following contents.

Bytes 0 to 2: Signature. These 3 bytes are set to 53544Ch, and the characters "in each block of STL"
STL "is shown.

[0074]   Byte 3: Version number: This byte is set to 00h.

[0075]   Bytes 4, 5: STL update count.

These bytes indicate the total number of update operations for this STL packet. This field is set to 0000h during STL formation and incremented by 1 when the STL is rewritten. If the STL packet is defective, it will be overwritten with an update count field set to FFFFh, indicating that this table is no longer valid.

[0077]   Bytes 6, 7: Reserved: These 2 bytes are reserved and set to 00h.

[0078]   Bytes 8 to 2047: Reserved: These 2040 bytes are reserved and set to 00h.

As is apparent from the above, each MDT / SDT / TDT is preceded by a beacon packet (also called zero packet). This packet can be used predominantly to store property information such as copyright information. This kind of information stored in the lead-in area cannot be read by a CD-ROM reader. Conversely, SDT can be read.

[0080]   Next, the defect management procedure will be described.

In initialization (details will be described later), state 1 = 10 and defective packet LBN is 0.
An MDT is formed that contains a DT entry for each replacement packet set to 0000h and state 2 = 00. Packets found to be defective during reading by the recorder are indicated in the defect table with state 1 set to 01 and the defective packet LBN set equal to the LBN of the first user data block of the defective packet. State 1 if the replacement packet itself is found to be defective
= 11. The defective packet LBN is not defined.

If an error is detected in the packet during reading, the drive replaces the packet, marks the packet for replacement, or ignores the error. If the defective packet is replaced or marked for replacement, the drive is in state 1 = 1.
The replacement packet with the lowest LBN of 0 must be assigned. If the packet is replaced, the data from the original packet must be recorded in the packet indicated by the replacement packet LBN. -The State 1 field of the DT entry is set to 00, -The defect table sort order is maintained. If the packet is marked for later replacement, the State 1 field of the DT entry is set to 01, the sort order of the defect table is maintained, future read requests are made by the defective packet LBN. Completed from the identified packet-Future write requests are handled by writing the packet identified by the replacement packet LBN, change the state 1 field to 00, and update the defect table sort order. Optionally, the original position is overwritten. The State 2 field is set accordingly.

Next, the background formatting will be described in detail. A disc is considered to be completely formatted when a lead-in area, a maximum possible program area, and a lead-out area are recorded. The 2K block user data includes related data or dummy data (all bytes AAh).
Is set to. The disc is considered to be partially formatted at least when the MDT is recorded in the lead-in area. The state of the disc is M
It is indicated by the disc state contained in the DT and the last written address field. When compatibility with a CD-ROM drive is required, the disc must have a lead-in area, a lead-out area, and a program area of a blank area between the lead-in area and the lead-out area. Formatting is
This is a process for making the CD-ROM compatible. Formatting is done in two different ways.

By pre-formatting, the conventional method of formats used in many storage media. After the pre-formatting process, the disc is completely formatted. User data is not recorded on the disc until the pre-formatting process is complete. This process generally consists of the following steps. -Write in the lead-in area, -Write in the data area, -Write in the lead-out area, -Check the data area (optional) including updating the DMA (if any).

Formatting is also performed as background formatting, which is a formatting process that is performed in the background while the disc is in use on the recorder. After the background formatting process, the disc is completely formatted. The user data may be recorded during the background formatting process. The background formatting process consists of: -Initialization, -Thawing, -Finalization, -Early eject close (if applicable),-Early eject disc reopen, -Confirmation step.

Since the pre-formatting process is a time consuming process, background formatting is a time efficient solution for disc users. During the background formatting process, only a small amount of data can be re-recorded on the disc, after which the disc can be used by the application. A disc with background formatting activated will have more applications accessing the disc. CD in the background when there is no
Formatted by the recorder.

Next, the initialization process will be described. When the blank disc is inserted into the recorder, the host computer initiates the initialization procedure. This initialization is GPA
At the end of the lead-in area, according to the set of parameters given by the host computer, such as the start of
To form. A typical host computer also writes some initial file system structures (FSS) to the disc. These file system structures, along with user data, can be located anywhere in the logically addressable space of the disc. In the examples below, it is assumed that the discs are initially recorded sequentially. As a result of the initialization procedure, there are the following disks, whose outline is shown in FIG. Since a very limited amount of data is recorded, the initialization procedure is completed in a few seconds. The disk is ready for data storage and can be opened to applications.

Next, decompression will be described with reference to FIG. 12, which shows the state of the disc after decompression and recording. Decompression is the process of recording all packets in the program area of the disc. During the decompression phase, the unrecorded area is filled with packets of all AAh bytes or 2K blocks with user data when requested. Decompression is done on the drive itself without the help of the host computer. During the idle time of the drive, the decompression process proceeds in the background. If the application or OS requests disk access, the decompression process is stopped and disk control is returned to the OS. The application requesting to write to the blank area is registered in the drive and is not overwritten in the decompression process. The drive keeps track of all recorded or decompressed areas.

Finalization will now be described with reference to FIG. 13 showing the state after some steps of finalization. The lead-in and lead-out areas are recorded after the entire data area and the general-purpose area are recorded or decompressed. Since the recording of the lead-in area and the lead-out area can be interrupted by the write / read request from the host computer, the lead-in area and the lead-out area are written with variable packet sizes. Lead-in and lead-out must be recorded continuously until the time of interrupt request. Recording is then stopped by writing a packet end (2 runout blocks and a partial link block). After the operation requested by the host is completed, writing to the lead-in and lead-out areas is recovered with a packet and a start (partial link block and 4 run-in blocks), followed by a user data block. Each packet should have at least 12 to prevent excessive fragmentation in the lead-in and lead-out areas.
It must have a size of 8 user blocks. At the end of the finalization process, the host computer overwrites the required files in the general application basin, updates the file system structure, and creates additional file system structures (eg UDF secondary AVDP) if necessary. To do.

Next, the eject process of the disc from the recorder will be described with reference to FIG. 14 showing an example of the final state of the disc. When the disc from the recorder is ejected, the MDT packet has to be copied into the SDT packet.

However, the early eject can be realized as will be described later with reference to FIG. 15 showing the early eject state of the disc. When the user presses the eject button on the drive, the user expects the disc to come out as fast as possible. However, users also expect the disc to be "ROM-compatible". This means that at least the disc has lead-in and lead-out areas and no blank area in the program area. If the background formatting process is not finished yet, the drive may decide to end the decompression and finalization process in the normal way. If the remaining formatting takes a long time to finish, the drive decides to close the disc in a temporary ROM-compatible way. For this, the following steps are required (see Figure 15). -The write / read request from the computer is completed and the activated decompression process stops. -If recording is done in blank areas, all blank areas up to the last recorded packet are decompressed. 1) Only the replacement packet that is actually used (shown in MDT with state 1 = 00) is copied to the position immediately following the area reserved for temporary GAA. 2) The applied copy of the MDT is replaced as a TDT (Temporary Defect Table) next to the replacement packet that was copied with the STL and the reserved packet. -The signature in the copy is set to 544454h. -The DT entry in the TDT points to the temporary replacement packet, while the DT entry in the MDT is unchanged (previously still pointing to the replacement packet in the final GPA). -LWA (Last written address) of both MDT and TDT is set to the LBN of the first user data. The block of the Temporary Reserve packet-reflects the value of the final disc after all other fields of MDT and TDT are unchanged and after the formatting is completely completed. -If the STL and / or TDT is not written correctly in the intended location,
The next two packets are used. The TDT is always the last but one packet before the start of the temporary readout. 3) A lead-out area of at least 30 seconds is recorded. If this readout attempts to overlap the recorded packet in the final general area, the normal decompression and finalization process is terminated instead of applying this early eject procedure. 4) The lead-in area with the subcode according to the disc in the actual situation is recorded. 5) The OS writes the GAA to the last packet that is decompressed or recorded and immediately following, and the temporary GAA must have the same size as the final GAA. 6) The OS updates the file system structure and writes the required additional structure. 7) If all the data to be stored in GAA does not occupy all the packets, the remaining packets are decompressed. 8) TDT has 0 in the dirty disk bit and is updated. 9) MDT has 0 in the dirty disk bit and is updated.

Next, with reference to FIG. 16 showing the reopening state of the disc, the reopening and the early eject disc will be described. When the early eject disc is reinserted into the recorder, the device detects a "partially formatted" condition and the host computer begins to continue the background formatting. The decompression starts from the position indicated by the LWA pointer (see FIG. 15), which starts overwriting the temporary lead-out area. This continues until the entire disc is decompressed / finalized. Final GP
Replacement packets that already exist in A are not overwritten. Temporary GPA
It is considered formatted. The file system link to the temporary GAA is invalid. A new write request temporarily overwrites GPA. The OS must update the file structure before the next eject.

Finally, it should be noted that the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, but these are not meant as limiting examples. Thus, various modifications will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention as claimed. For example, CD-
The RW can be replaced with a DVD-RW or the like.

Next, an embodiment of a computer data system having a computer and a recording device according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. The recording device 1 has a recording medium receiving means 2 for receiving a removable recording medium. The recording medium 3 is a CD-RW, a DVD
It may be a RAM or an optically readable disc such as a DVD-RW. The recording medium 3 is rotated by the rotating means 4. The radially movable optical pickup unit 5 of the recording medium 3 uses a light beam 6 to write optically detectable marks along a spiral track 8 on the recording medium 3. For this reason, the recording medium 3 is provided with a suitable phase change material having different optical characteristics in the crystalline state and the amorphous state. Heating of the light beam 6 causes these conditions. The light beam 6 is modulated by the recording means 9 according to the recorded digital information signal. The digital information signal is preferably coded by the coding means 10 that employs EFM modulation and CIRC error coding as used in the CD standard. Input means 11, which employs suitable interface means, receives a digital information signal from a connected computer 12.

Alternatively, the digital information signal recorded on the recording medium 3 is read out by the suitable reading means 13 via the same optical pickup unit 5. These are connected to the decoding means 14 for performing EFM decoding and CIRC error correction processing. The decoded and corrected signal is output to the computer 12 via the output means 15 having suitable interace means.

All units are controlled by a control unit 16 connected to a memory means 17, eg a non-volatile ROM. The control unit 16 comprises, independently or under the control of the computer 12, a processing unit which operates according to a specific program loaded in the memory means 17 for carrying out the method according to the invention.

The computer 12 is adapted to receive a digital information signal from the recording device 1 or to send a digital information signal to the recording device 1, an interface circuit 18
Have. The digital information signal comprises a control signal from the computer 12 controlling the recording device 1, apart from the signal read from or to be recorded on the recording medium 3.

The interface circuit 18 is connected to the internal data and address bus 19 for exchanging data and control signals with the hard disk unit 20, the RAM memory unit 21, the central processor unit 22 and the ROM memory unit 22. The computer 12 is loaded with a suitable operating system and a device driver for operating the recording apparatus 1. In the case of the recording device according to the invention, the recording device 1 performs the main part of the method according to the invention, such as background formatting or defect management, without undue interaction with the computer 12. To do. In this case, the computer 12 interacts with the recording device 1 only for writing, reading or ejecting requests and in similar cases.

However, as in the case of the conventional CD-RW writer or CD-ROM reader,
Other embodiments of the invention are obtained when the recording device 1 is not adapted to carry out the method of the invention independently. In this case, the computer 12 must use a dedicated device driver loaded into the corresponding memory unit of the computer 12 in order to control the recording device 1 such that it performs at least defect management according to the method of the invention. I have to. Such a dedicated device driver is a recording medium 3
It can be obtained from itself or from other external means such as the Internet.

The present invention may be implemented in both hardware and software, and several "means" may be represented by the same item of hardware. Further, the invention has each new feature and combination of features. The word "comprising" does not exclude the presence of other elements or steps than those listed in a claim. Reference numbers do not limit the scope of the claims.

[Brief description of drawings]

[Figure 1]   It is a figure which shows the basic disc layout of CR-ROM.

[Fig. 2]   FIG. 3 shows a disk layout according to the present invention.

[Figure 3]   It is a figure which shows the detail of the linking of a program area.

[Figure 4]   It is a figure which shows the layout of a general purpose area.

[Figure 5]   It is a figure which shows the 1st main defect table (MDT) in a lead-in area.

[Figure 6]   It is a figure which shows replacement of defective MDT.

[Figure 7]   It is a figure which shows replacement of a defect secondary defect table (SDT).

[Figure 8]   It is a figure which shows the structure of a defect table packet.

[Figure 9]   It is a figure which shows the layout of a defect table.

[Figure 10]   It is a figure which shows the layout of a marker packet.

FIG. 11   It is a figure which shows the state of the disk after initialization.

[Fig. 12]   It is a figure which shows the state of the disc after defrosting and recording.

[Fig. 13]   FIG. 6 shows the state after some steps of finalization.

FIG. 14   It is a figure which shows the final state of a disc.

FIG. 15   It is a figure which shows the early eject state of a disc.

FIG. 16   It is a figure which shows the state where the disc was reopened.

FIG. 17 is a diagram showing a computer data system having a computer and a recording device.

[Procedure amendment]

[Submission date] May 25, 2001 (2001.5.25)

[Procedure Amendment 1]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Name of item to be amended] Claims

[Correction method] Change

[Contents of correction]

[Claims]

16. The recording apparatus according to claim 14, wherein the control means is adapted to register the recorded or decompressed area.

17. The control means is adapted to store the address of the last recorded or decompressed area from the recording medium and to recover the recorded or decompressed area from this area. 14. The recording device according to 14.

18. The control means may, in accordance with the method of claim, the recording apparatus according to claim 14, characterized in that it is adapted to read out the digital information signal recorded on a recording medium.

19. A computer data system comprising a computer connected to a recording apparatus for recording digital information signals on a removable rewritable disc like recording medium, recording apparatus, an input connected to the computer for receiving digital information signals Means, a recording medium receiving means for receiving the removable medium, a recording means for recording the digital information signal on the removable medium, a reading means for reading the recorded digital information signal recorded on the removable medium, and a read digital signal The computer has output means for outputting an information signal to a computer, and control means for recording a digital information signal representing user data in a program area on a recording medium. 9. Any one of 9 System characterized in made the possible to control the control means of the recording apparatus for performing the law.

20. A computer data system having a computer connected to a reproducing device for reproducing a digital information signal recorded on a removable rewritable disc-shaped recording medium, the reproducing device comprising a recording medium receiving means for receiving the removable medium. A read means for reading the recorded digital information signal recorded on the removable medium, an output means for outputting the read digital information signal to the computer, a control means for controlling the read means, and an output means. The control means is connected to the computer means, the computer using the secondary defect table obtained according to the method of claim 7 or the temporary defect table obtained by the method according to claim 8. It is characterized in that it is adapted to control the control means of the reproducing apparatus which executes defect management. System to collect.

21. A computer program product directly loadable into an internal memory of a digital computer, the computer program product according to any one of claims 1 to 11, when the product is executed on a computer. A computer program product having a software code portion subject to the steps recited.

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued front page    (81) Designated countries EP (AT, BE, CH, CY, DE, DK, ES, FI, FR, GB, GR, IE, I T, LU, MC, NL, PT, SE), OA (BF, BJ , CF, CG, CI, CM, GA, GN, GW, ML, MR, NE, SN, TD, TG), AP (GH, GM, K E, LS, MW, MZ, SD, SL, SZ, TZ, UG , ZW), EA (AM, AZ, BY, KG, KZ, MD, RU, TJ, TM), AE, AG, AL, AM, AT, AU, AZ, BA, BB, BG, BR, BY, BZ, C A, CH, CN, CR, CU, CZ, DE, DK, DM , DZ, EE, ES, FI, GB, GD, GE, GH, GM, HR, HU, ID, IL, IN, IS, JP, K E, KG, KP, KR, KZ, LC, LK, LR, LS , LT, LU, LV, MA, MD, MG, MK, MN, MW, MX, MZ, NO, NZ, PL, PT, RO, R U, SD, SE, SG, SI, SK, SL, TJ, TM , TR, TT, TZ, UA, UG, UZ, VN, YU, ZA, ZW (72) Inventor Hamelink, Dirk             Netherlands, 5581 Away India             -Fen, Plov Holstran 6 (72) Inventor Nebul, Jacob He             Netherlands, 5581 Away India             -Fen, Plov Holstran 6 F-term (reference) 5D044 AB01 BC04 CC04 DE02 DE62                       DE64 EF05                 5D090 AA01 BB04 CC11 DD03 FF08                       FF27 GG38

Claims (20)

[Claims] 1. A method for recording a digital information signal on a removable rewritable disc-shaped recording medium, the method comprising recording user data in a program area of the disc and controlling the disc before the disc is taken out from the recording device. Finalize a disc that has a lead-in area and a lead-out area that contain information, insert a blank disc into the recording device, and then execute an initialization step.The initialization step records control data in the lead-in area Defines a general area in the program area of the disc and is ready for recording user data in the remaining data area of the program area. 2. The initializing step defines a main defect table in the lead-in area, which is adapted to include a list of addresses of defective areas and replacement areas, and also includes replacement areas for defect management. The method of claim 1, wherein a defect management area is defined within the general purpose area to be made. 3. The initialization step defines a general application area within a general area adapted to include an application driver adapted to handle defect management and / or support a particular operating system. The method described in. 4. The defect area is replaced with a replacement area in the defect management area, and the replacement area corresponding to the address of the defect area is recorded in the main defect table in the lead-in area. the method of. 5. The initialization step defines a marker area within the lead-in area having dummy data adapted to be overwritten by a new main defect table when the main defect table becomes defective. The method according to claim 2, wherein 6. The initialization step is followed by a background formatting step intended to be performed when no user data is written to the disc, the background formatting step comprising: The method according to claim 1, further comprising a decompressing step of recording the dummy data in the blank area, wherein the decompressing step is performed until the complete data area is recorded with the dummy data when not already recorded with the user data. Method. 7. A finalization step is performed when the decompression step is completed, the finalization step completes recording of the lead-in and lead-out areas, and the requested data is recorded when necessary. The method according to claim 6, wherein the general defect area is recorded and a copy of the main defect table is recorded as a secondary defect table in the general area. 8. An early eject step to be performed when the disc is ejected from the recorder before completion of the finalization step, the early eject step completing a recording or reading request and being activated. Stop the decompression step and perform only the decompression step to decompress all blank areas up to the area where the user data was last recorded, and the area with the last recorded user data or the last decompressed area Next to the temporary general area, copy the actually used replacement area in the defect management area to the area immediately following the temporary general application area, and copy the temporary area next to the copied replacement area. As a defect table, copy a suitable copy of the main defect table and use the temporary lead-out area to The method according to claim 7, wherein recording is performed next to the bull and the lead-in area is recorded. 9. A reopen step to be performed when an early eject step is performed, the reopen step for an area following a last recorded area before a temporary lead-in area. The method according to claim 7, wherein the thawing step is performed. 10. A method for reproducing a digital information signal recorded on a removable rewritable disc-shaped recording medium obtained by the method according to claim 7, wherein defect management employing a secondary defect table is executed. A method characterized by the following. 11. A method for reproducing a digital information signal recorded on a removable rewritable disc-shaped recording medium obtained by the method according to claim 8, wherein defect management using a temporary defect table is executed. A method characterized by the following. 12. The method of claim 1, wherein the recording medium is in optical form. 13. The method according to claim 12, wherein the recording medium is a rewritable type CD and is in a CD-ROM compatible state after completion of the early eject step. 14. A recording device for recording a digital information signal on a removable rewritable disc-shaped recording medium, comprising: an input means for receiving the digital information signal; a recording medium receiving means for receiving the removable medium; and a removable medium for the digital information signal. Recording means, a reading means for reading the recorded digital information signal recorded on the removable medium, an output means for outputting the read digital information signal, and a user area in the program area on the recording medium. Control means adapted to control the recording of the represented digital information signal, the control means being adapted to carry out the method according to any one of claims 1 to 9. 15. The control means records the recording medium state information including the formatting state corresponding to the early eject step or the finalization step from the recording medium, and the medium state information read from the recording medium is 15. The recording apparatus according to claim 14, wherein the background formatting step is restored when the early eject step is supported. 15. The recording apparatus according to claim 14, wherein the control means is adapted to register the recorded or decompressed area. 16. The control means is adapted to store the address of the last recorded or decompressed area from the recording medium and to recover the recorded or decompressed area from this area. 14. The recording device according to 14. 17. The recording apparatus according to claim 14, wherein the control means is adapted to read the digital information signal recorded on the recording medium according to the method described in the claim. 18. A computer data system having a computer connected to a recording device for recording a digital information signal on a removable rewritable disc-shaped recording medium, the recording device comprising an input connected to a computer for receiving the digital information signal. Means, a recording medium receiving means for receiving the removable medium, a recording means for recording the digital information signal on the removable medium, a reading means for reading the recorded digital information signal recorded on the removable medium, and a read digital signal The computer has output means for outputting an information signal to a computer, and control means for recording a digital information signal representing user data in a program area on a recording medium. 9. Any one of 9 System characterized in made the possible to control the control means of the recording apparatus for performing the law. 19. A computer data system having a computer connected to a reproducing device for reproducing a digital information signal recorded on a removable rewritable disc-shaped recording medium, the reproducing device comprising recording medium receiving means for receiving the removable medium. A read means for reading the recorded digital information signal recorded on the removable medium, an output means for outputting the read digital information signal to the computer, a control means for controlling the read means, and an output means. The control means is connected to the computer means, the computer using the secondary defect table obtained according to the method of claim 7 or the temporary defect table obtained by the method according to claim 8. It is characterized in that it is adapted to control the control means of the reproducing apparatus which executes defect management. System to be. 20. A computer program product directly loadable into the internal memory of a digital computer, the computer program product according to any one of claims 1 to 11, when the product is executed on a computer. A computer program product having a software code portion subject to the steps recited.