JP2003333946A - Greening method and greening unit - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a greening method using hydrophytes with needed facilities having a reduced total weight, and to provide a greening unit. <P>SOLUTION: This greening method and the greening unit are characterized by setting hydrophytes seedlings 4 with a planar rhizome mat to the inside of a shallow flower basin 2, and then culturing the hydrophytes seedlings, while keeping the depth of water in the shallow flower basin 2 to 5 to 10 cm. The shallow flower basin 2 preferably has an automatic water depth-keeping mechanism and a water-circulating mechanism. The shallow flower basins 2 and the hydrophytes seedlings 4 with the planar rhizome mats can be used, and therein, the shallow flower basins 2 can be connected to each other. The greening method and the greening unit are especially suitable for being applied to the rooftop of a building. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a greening method which can be installed on a place where it is desired to prevent temperature rise by cultivating plants, for example, on the roof of a building, and the weight of the equipment can be reduced.
Also, regarding the greening unit.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Global warming has become a serious problem in modern cities where the density of buildings is high. In addition, as the density of buildings has increased, the number of green spaces that have the function of lowering the temperature in cities has decreased, further promoting global warming. In order to eliminate or mitigate such global warming in the city, attempts have been made to cultivate plants on the roof of a building or the like to prevent temperature rise due to solar radiation. Prevention of temperature rise due to plant cultivation uses the cooling effect based on the heat of vaporization when water evaporates from the leaves of the plant, installs a cultivation floor such as natural or artificial soil on the building, and cultivates land and aquatic plants. There is a greening method for cultivating.

The greening method using land plants has the following problems.・ Soil is required for plant cultivation, and the weight increases. -It is difficult to control soil humidity within a certain range.・ Failure to deal with fallen leaves, branches and withering causes clogging of rainwater drainage channels. -It is necessary to carry out a strong impermeable construction in the cultivation area so that it will not be destroyed by plant roots.・ Weeds flourish due to seeds that fall into the soil.・ Soil, defoliation, pollen, etc. are scattered by strong wind.・ Organic artificial soil, litter, and litter may become flammable in the event of a neighborhood fire.

On the other hand, aquatic plants have a greater effect of lowering the temperature because they transpire a larger amount of water from leaves than land plants, but the amount of soil and water required by conventional greening methods using aquatic plants is large. In addition, since the aquarium that accommodates them must be manufactured from sturdy and heavy materials, the weight of the equipment required for greening increases as a result, and the structural burden on the building is large.

By the way, as a water purification method utilizing plant cultivation, a method described in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 3-46200 is known. In this method, plant seedlings are placed in a waterway having a gentle slope without being supported or fixed, and the water depth is such that the roots of the plants are substantially below the water surface and completely reach the bottom of the waterway. The feature is that drainage rich in nutrient salts is made to flow at a flow rate that does not allow plant seedlings to flow into the waterway. The water purification method is to purify drainage by cultivating plants with nutrient salts in drainage, and the roots of the plant seedlings to be cultivated reach the bottom of the waterway when the plant seedlings are placed. Because of this, it cannot grow downward, but grows laterally and entangles with the roots of adjacent plant seedlings to form a plate-shaped rhizome mat.

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object thereof is to use aquatic plants more preferable from the viewpoint of temperature decrease and the like so that it can be performed on the roof of a building or the like. The object of the present invention is to provide a greening method and a greening unit with a simple structure, which requires a light weight of the entire equipment.

[0007]

Means for Solving the Problems As a result of intensive research to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present inventors have found that, for example, aquatic plant seedlings with a flat rhizome mat grown by the above-mentioned water purification method have water circulation. It was discovered that even if the water was stopped and the water depth was kept shallow, healthy growth could be continued. The present invention was completed by finding that the aquatic plant seedling with the flat rhizome mat is used for greening a building.

Therefore, the greening method according to claim 1 of the present invention is to install an aquatic plant seedling with a flat rhizome mat in a basin and maintain the water depth in the basin at 5 to 10 cm while maintaining the aquatic plant seedling. It is characterized by being cultivated. In the present invention, 5
By using an aquatic plant seedling with a flat rhizome mat that can be grown at a water depth of 10 cm, the amount of water required is reduced,
And because the basin can therefore be manufactured from lightweight materials, the equipment required is light.

A greening method according to a second aspect of the present invention is the greening method according to the first aspect, characterized in that the water depth in the basin is automatically maintained within a certain range. In the present invention, for example, a float valve is used to automatically keep the depth of the water contained in the basin within a certain range, whereby manual water depth management is not required.

A greening method according to a third aspect of the present invention is the greening method according to the first or second aspect, characterized in that a water flow is generated in the basin. In the present invention, by generating a water flow in the basin using a pump or the like, compared to the case where the water in the basin is stationary, to increase the types of plants used for aquatic plant seedlings with a flat rhizome mat You can

A greening method according to a fourth aspect of the present invention is the greening method according to any one of the first to third aspects, wherein a plurality of the basins and the aquatic plant seedling with the flat plate rhizome mat are used. , And the basins are communicated with each other. In the present invention, the use of a plurality of basins reduces the size of each basin, which facilitates transportation and installation of the basins.

A greening method according to a fifth aspect of the present invention is characterized in that the greening method according to any one of the first to fourth aspects is performed on a rooftop. The greening method of the present invention can be preferably applied to a rooftop of a building because the weight of required equipment is light.

A greening unit according to claim 6 of the present invention is
It is characterized by comprising a basin capable of accommodating an amount of water having a water depth of 5 to 10 cm and not including a cultivation bed, and an aquatic plant seedling with a flat rhizome mat arranged in the basin. In the present invention, the aquatic plant seedling with a flat rhizome mat is 5 to 10c.
Since it can be grown at a water depth of m, the amount of water required is small and the basin can be manufactured from lightweight materials.
Moreover, since it does not include a cultivation floor, it is possible to provide a lightweight greening unit.

A greening unit according to claim 7 of the present invention comprises:
The greening unit according to claim 6 has a plurality of the water basins communicating with each other through a communication pipe, and further comprises a water circulation mechanism for circulating water between the water basins.
In the present invention, a plurality of basins are connected to each other by a communication pipe,
Since water is circulated between the basins to generate a water flow,
There are many types of aquatic plants that can be cultivated. In addition, the size of each basin becomes smaller, and the installation of the greening unit becomes easier.

A greening unit according to claim 8 of the present invention is
The greening unit according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the basin is provided with an automatic water depth holding mechanism for holding the water depth in the basin within a range of 5 to 10 cm. According to the present invention, the automatic water depth holding mechanism for keeping the water depth within a predetermined range facilitates the manual management of the greening unit.

[0016]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the drawings. 1 is a plan view of the greening unit 1 of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the greening unit 1 of the present invention.

The greening unit 1 of the present invention shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 comprises three basins 2 which are connected to each other by a communication pipe 7. The basin 2 contains water 3 and an aquatic plant seedling 4 with a flat rhizome mat. One basin 2 is provided with an automatic water depth maintenance mechanism including a float valve 5 and a water distribution pipe 6, and a water circulation mechanism including a pump 8 and a solar cell 9.

The basin 2 is a tray-shaped member for accommodating therein the water 3 and the aquatic plant seedling 4 with a flat rhizome mat. The plane shape is preferably, for example, a square of 2 m × 2 m or a rectangle of 2 m × 1 m in consideration of transportation by an elevator when installed on the rooftop of a building, and the height of the wall is about 20 to 30 cm. . Since the water 3 contained in the basin 2 has a depth of 5 to 10 cm, it is not necessary to manufacture the basin 2 from a sturdy and heavy material. Therefore, the basin 2 can be manufactured by forming a water impermeable layer such as a vinyl resin on a foam material such as Styrofoam, and the weight thereof becomes light.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, three basins 2 are connected in series by communication pipes 7, and the water depths of all basins are automatic valves consisting of a float valve 5 and a water distribution pipe 6 provided in one basin. It is held within a fixed range of 5 to 10 cm by a water depth holding mechanism. When the water depth of the basin 2 falls below a certain range, tap water or tap water connected to one end of the basin 2 is supplied to the basin 2. Water can be supplied to the basin 2 by using rainwater. On the other hand, when the water depth of the basin 2 exceeds a certain range due to heavy rain or the like, the float valve 5 provided in the basin 2 drains the water through the water distribution pipe 6. When rainwater is used, the pH value of the water 3 in the basin 2 may be lowered due to acid rain or acid fallout, but in that case, a small amount of lime or the like is added to neutralize the water 3. By doing so, the problem can be solved.

Water 3 in the basin 2 is circulated by a pump 8 through a communication pipe 7. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, adjacent basins 2 are communicated in series by two communication pipes 7, respectively, and the basins 2 at both ends which are communicated in series are communicated by one communication pipe 7. There is. The basins 2 can also be connected in parallel. Further, the water circulation device in the illustrated mode includes the solar battery 9 for driving the pump 8, but it is also possible to connect the pump 8 to an outdoor outlet to drive it. In order to prevent the water 3 from overflowing from the basin 2 during circulation due to clogging of the communication pipe 7, it is preferable to provide each basin 2 with a relief.

In conventional aquatic plant cultivation, the generation of harmful insects such as mosquitoes has been a problem, and it has been necessary to raise fish such as killifish and loach that prey on bow hula in the basin 2. However, in the greening unit 1 of the present invention, the water depth of the basin 2 is 5 to 10c.
Since it is shallow, the larvae of dragonflies and damselflies, such as larvae, act to prey on the bow hula, and pests such as mosquitoes rarely occur. However, some pests such as chironomids that do not suck blood may be generated, and in order to prevent the generation of these pests, it is necessary to raise small fish in the basin 2.

In the greening unit 1 of the present invention, an aquatic plant seedling 4 with a flat rhizome mat is placed in the above-mentioned basin 2 for greening. In the aquatic plant seedling 4 with a flat rhizome mat, the roots of the aquatic plant seedlings 41 are intertwined with each other to form a flat rhizome mat 42, and each aquatic plant seedling 41 is not easily separated by the flat rhizome mat 42. Are joined together.

The aquatic plant seedling 4 with a flat rhizome mat can be grown by cultivating the aquatic plant seedling 41 at a water depth such that the root is under the water surface and the lower end of the root completely reaches the bottom. At such a water depth, the roots of the aquatic plant seedling 41 cannot grow further downward nor above the water surface, and thus grow laterally and entangle with each other to form a flat plate-shaped rhizome mat 42. Will be done.
For example, an aquatic plant seedling 4 with a flat rhizome mat is disclosed in
-46200 can be grown by the water purification method described in JP-A-46200, and the grown aquatic plant seedling 4 with a flat rhizome mat is cut into an appropriate size to produce the greening unit 1 of the present invention.
Used for.

In the revegetation unit 1 of the present invention, since aquatic plants are used for revegetation, the amount of water evaporated from the leaves is large and a higher cooling effect is obtained as compared with the case where land plants are used.
Further, in the cultivation of aquatic plants, it is not necessary to control the humidity in the cultivation floor as in the cultivation of land plants using the cultivation floor, and it is only necessary to manage the water depth of the basin 2. Furthermore, since the roots of aquatic plants do not penetrate the basin 2 to grow, it is not necessary to carry out a strong water-blocking work on the installation part of the greening unit. There is little danger of catching fire in a fire.

The aquatic plant used in the greening unit 1 of the present invention is of a type that can continuously grow even in a shallow water depth of 5 to 10 cm, and does not grow flat beyond the basin 2 and has a relatively low plant height. Plants are preferred. Water 3 in basin 2
By circulating, it is possible to increase the types of plants used. Further, an aquatic plant in which dead leaves are not separated from the plant is more preferable because dead leaves do not scatter. It is also possible to select an aquatic plant that is evergreen or blooms over a long period of time and can be used for flowering, foliage, flowerbed formation and the like.
Such plants include, for example, budgerigars, mint, forget-me-nots, striped toys, Pontederia, lissimacia, Louisiana irises, and four season blooming oysters.

The fertilizer component for the aquatic plants used in the greening unit 1 can be supplied from the outside, but the aquatic plant seedling 4 with the flat rhizome mat contains the mud rich in the fertilizer in the flat rhizome mat 42. Also, as the leaves grow old, leaves such as leaves decay in water 3, tap water to the basin 2, water supply such as rainwater, and pollen and other drops to the basin 2 become sources of fertilizer. Therefore, it is possible to maintain the growth of aquatic plants without supplying fertilizer from the outside. When the growth of aquatic plants becomes too active, it is necessary to thin out the plants, but the thinning out is sufficient to collect the flowers of the flowering plants.

A feature of the greening unit 1 of the present invention is that it does not include a cultivation bed such as natural or artificial soil. soil,
Since it does not contain sand, mud, etc., weeds do not grow due to seeds that have fallen into the soil, and soil does not scatter due to strong wind.

The basin 2 used in the greening unit 1 of the present invention is lightweight, and contains only the water 3 and the aquatic plant seedling 4 with the flat rhizome mat in an amount such that the depth of the water is 5 to 10 cm. Since it does not include a cultivated floor, etc., it is extremely lightweight as a whole. The weight is, for example, about 70 to 100 kg per square meter, and the structural burden on the building is small. When the weight is too light and the floating due to the strong wind poses a problem, the basin 2 may be fixed to the installation portion with bolts or the like. Since the greening unit 1 of the present invention is lightweight, it is very suitable for installation on the rooftop of a building, a balcony, or the like.

[0029]

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY In the greening method and the greening unit of the present invention, an aquatic plant having a high cooling effect was used by performing greening using an aquatic plant seedling with a flat rhizome mat capable of continuous growth even in a shallow water depth. Greening can be provided with a lightweight and simple structure.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a plan view of a greening unit of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a greening unit of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 greening unit 2 basin 3 water 4 Aquatic plant seedlings with flat rhizome mat 5 float valve 6 drainage channels 7 communication pipe 8 pumps 9 solar cells

   ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued front page    (71) Applicant 594074687             Top Ecology Co., Ltd.             1-7-13 Higashiueno, Taito-ku, Tokyo (72) Inventor Hiroyuki Nakazato             3-6-45, Gakuen Higashi-cho, Kodaira-shi, Tokyo F term (reference) 2B314 MA58 MA63 ND03 ND06 PB08                       PB37 PB44 PB64 PC24

Claims (8)

[Claims] 1. A method for greening, wherein an aquatic plant seedling with a flat rhizome mat is installed in a basin and the aquatic plant seedling is cultivated while maintaining the water depth in the basin at 5 to 10 cm. 2. The greening method according to claim 1, wherein the depth of water in the basin is automatically maintained within a certain range. 3. The greening method according to claim 1, wherein a water flow is generated in the basin. 4. A plurality of the basins and the aquatic plant seedling with the flat plate-shaped rhizome mat are used, and the basins are in communication with each other, according to any one of claims 1 to 3. Greening method. 5. The greening method according to claim 1, which is performed on a rooftop. 6. A basin capable of accommodating water having a depth of 5 to 10 cm and containing no cultivation bed, and an aquatic plant seedling with a flat rhizome mat arranged in the basin. Greening unit. 7. The greening unit according to claim 6, further comprising a plurality of said water basins communicating with each other through a communication pipe, and further comprising a water circulation mechanism for circulating water between said water basins. 8. The basin has a water depth within the basin of 5 to 10 c.
The greening unit according to claim 6 or 7, further comprising an automatic water depth holding mechanism for holding the water in a range of m.