JP2003331088A - System and method for optimizing reduction in greenhouse effect gas, management server, program, and recording medium - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a system for easily constructing an emission right dealing organization by utilizing an adjustment system and effectively optimizing a reduction in greenhouse effect gas by holding optimum cost balance between the purchase of emission right and taxes related to energy and environment. <P>SOLUTION: The consumption of energy supplied from a provider 15 to each customer 19 is sent to a management server 7 through an adjustment system server 9. The server 7 compares 'target value of CO2 discharge' with 'CO2 discharge' calculated from energy consumption to calculate necessary CO2 emission right (credit). The server 7 is connected to a CO2 credit transaction market 27 at any time and effectively procures/stores CO2 credits. When selling/buying the CO2 credits, cost optimization between the taxes related to the environments and the CO2 credits. The customer 19 is charged cost calculated by adding a CO2 credit procuring charge to the charge of energy consumed. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention
As one of the measures to prevent global warming, it relates to trading of emissions credits for effectively reducing greenhouse gases. It also relates to a system that optimizes the cost balance with emissions trading when an environment-related tax is introduced.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a measure to prevent global warming, which is one of the measures against environmental problems, at the 3rd Conference of the Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (COP3) held in Kyoto in 1997, the laws of developed countries were The Kyoto Protocol has been adopted which stipulates quantitatively binding goals. As a numerical target, we will reduce greenhouse gas emissions in developed countries by at least 5% from the 1990 level on average over the period from 2008 to 2012. Among them, Japan agreed to reduce by 6% compared to 1990 (US-7%, EU-8%), and it is expected that various systems will be established to achieve the target in the future. The Kyoto Protocol includes the introduction of the Kyoto mechanism such as emissions trading as a flexible measure.

The greenhouse gases covered by the Kyoto Protocol are carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N20), HFC (hydrofluorocarbon), PFC (perfluorocarbon), sulfur hexafluoride (SF6). ).

[0004] In Japan, energy saving has already progressed, and it is difficult to save more energy. Therefore, it is necessary to trade CO2 emission rights, which accounts for the majority of greenhouse gases, and to reduce greenhouse gases. It is being considered to impose an energy environment-related tax for the purpose of evenly burdening the emitters.

[0005] The CO2 emission trading system is a business (or a demand) that can set a certain amount of CO2 emission to a business operator or a customer who emits CO2 gas and can reduce the actual emission quantity from the emission allowance. The house can sell the difference as an emission credit (CO2 credit). On the other hand, a business operator (or a consumer) who exceeds the CO2 emission allowance purchases an excess emission right to satisfy the emission limit. In this way, the CO2 emission trading system that utilizes the market mechanism to adjust the demand for emission credits can be used to reduce CO2 emissions at low cost as a whole. Hereinafter, "CO2 credit" is used as a synonym for "emission credit".

[0006] The energy environment-related tax charges a certain percentage of the tax according to the amount of energy used, etc., and can be expected to have an effect of promoting CO2 emission reduction even for consumers including small-lot consumers.

[0007] For example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-338028 relates to a method and system for promoting the spread of an energy saving system that suppresses CO2 emission. That is, when the energy saving system is introduced, the running cost reduction amount and the CO2 emission reduction amount compared with the conventional system are calculated. The running cost reduction amount is applied to a loan repayment for introducing the energy saving system, and the CO2 emission reduction amount is traded as a CO2 credit (emission right) in the market. That is, an object of the present invention is to provide a method and system for introducing an energy saving system for reducing CO2 emission at low cost.

[0008]

However, CO2
When the emission reduction obligation is imposed on a relatively large-scale business or industrial customer, each customer grasps the amount of CO2 credit (emission credit) required and procures it from others. Doing so is very burdensome and unrealistic.
Moreover, since the amount of CO2 credits procured by each consumer is small and transaction know-how is required, it is difficult to procure CO2 credits at low cost.

Further, when the energy environment related tax is imposed, each business operator (or consumer) adjusts the cost balance between the CO2 credit procurement and the energy environment related tax to optimize the CO2 reduction cost. That is difficult.

The present invention has been made in view of such a problem, and an object thereof is to easily construct an emission trading mechanism using a settlement system. Another object of the present invention is to provide a system for effectively optimizing greenhouse gas reduction by balancing the optimal cost of purchasing emission credits and energy and environment-related taxes.

[0011]

[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, a first aspect of the present invention is to reduce greenhouse gas in which a charge settlement system and a computer of an energy supplier are connected to a management server so that data can be exchanged. In the optimization system, the management server calculates a reference value of the greenhouse gas generation amount that serves as a reference, and calculates the greenhouse gas generation amount based on the energy usage amount data of the customer sent from the fee settlement system. The greenhouse gas reduction optimization system is characterized in that the difference between the greenhouse gas generation amount and the greenhouse gas generation amount target value is calculated as a greenhouse gas emission right.

In the greenhouse gas reduction optimization system of the first aspect of the present invention, the management server calculates the reference target value of the greenhouse gas generation amount, and based on the energy consumption data of the customer sent from the charge settlement system. Then, the greenhouse gas generation amount is calculated, and the difference between the greenhouse gas generation amount and the greenhouse gas generation amount target value is calculated as a greenhouse gas emission right.

The "charge settlement system" is a system in which an energy supplier pays an energy usage fee to an energy consumer. In the present invention, the fee settlement system is used to convert the energy consumption amount of the customer into the greenhouse gas generation amount to calculate the greenhouse gas emission right. That is,
The management server obtains data from a measuring device that measures the amount of energy used by the fee settlement system, and calculates the greenhouse gas generation amount and the greenhouse gas emission right. Furthermore, at the time of distribution and settlement of the greenhouse gas emission rights, the fee settlement system is used to charge the customers by adding the greenhouse gas emission rights procurement cost to the normal energy usage fee.

The "energy supply company" is a company that supplies energy, which is a source of greenhouse gas emissions, to consumers. For example, city gas, LP gas, gasoline, kerosene, electric power, heavy oil, coke, and the like can be cited as examples of energy sources that generate CO2. Therefore, for example, if the energy supplier is a "city gas supplier", the above-mentioned charge settlement system includes a gas meter, and the customer charges a charge for the use of city gas through the gas charge settlement system. To be done. Further, if the energy supplier is a "power supplier", the above-mentioned charge adjustment system includes an electric power meter, and the customer is charged a charge for the use of electric power through the power charge adjustment system. Further, the computer of the energy supplier sends the energy supply amount data to the management server, and the management server monitors the energy supply amount data and predicts the price fluctuation of the greenhouse gas emission rights.

The "customer" is a target for generating a greenhouse gas by utilizing energy. For example, a customer
There may be small general energy users (for example, users of city gas, electricity, etc.) as described above, or, like a thermal power generation company, burning heavy oil to generate electricity (a greenhouse when the power plant is operating). Effect gas is generated), and it may be a large-scale consumer such as a so-called energy supplier.

"Target greenhouse gas emission target value"
Is the numerical target of the Kyoto Protocol, “19
A value that is equivalent to "6% reduction compared to 1990".

"Calculation of greenhouse gas generation amount based on energy consumption data" is a calculation means using a "conversion coefficient". The “conversion factor” has a different value depending on the type of energy, the equipment condition, etc., and the management server calculates the “greenhouse gas generation amount” by the calculation of “energy usage amount” × “conversion factor”.

The "greenhouse gas emission right" is a right to emit a greenhouse gas and can be traded in the emission right market. For example, countries and businesses that cannot achieve the greenhouse gas emission reduction target values stipulated as numerical target values on their own will receive excess emission credits from countries and businesses that achieve the reduction targets and own surplus emission credits. Can buy and meet emission limits.

A second invention is a greenhouse gas reduction optimization system in which a charge settlement system and a computer of an energy supplier are connected to a management server so that data can be exchanged, and the management server is a standard greenhouse. A target value for the amount of generated effect gas is calculated, and the amount of generated greenhouse gas is calculated based on the energy usage data of the customer sent from the charge settlement system, and the amount of generated greenhouse gas and the amount of generated greenhouse gas are calculated. Means for calculating the difference from the target value as a greenhouse gas emission credit, and monitoring the trading market of the greenhouse gas emission credit, and trading the greenhouse gas emission credit according to the price of the greenhouse gas emission credit. And a means for accumulating the greenhouse gas emission credits, the greenhouse gas reduction optimizing system.

In the greenhouse gas reduction optimization system of the second invention, the management server calculates a standard target value of the greenhouse gas generation amount, and based on the energy consumption data of the customer sent from the charge settlement system. Then, the greenhouse gas generation amount is calculated, and the difference between the greenhouse gas generation amount and the greenhouse gas generation amount target value is calculated as a greenhouse gas emission right. Further, the management server monitors the trading market for greenhouse gas emission rights, trades the greenhouse gas emission rights according to the price of the greenhouse gas emission rights, and accumulates the greenhouse gas emission rights.

A third aspect of the invention is a greenhouse gas reduction optimization system in which a charge settlement system and a computer of an energy supplier are connected to a management server so that data can be exchanged between them. Then, the greenhouse gas generation target value is calculated, and the greenhouse gas generation amount is calculated based on the energy consumption data of the customer sent from the fee settlement system, and the greenhouse gas generation amount and the greenhouse effect are calculated. Means for calculating a difference from the target value of the amount of generated gas as a greenhouse gas emission right, and (b) monitoring the trading market of the greenhouse gas emission right, and the greenhouse effect according to the price of the greenhouse gas emission right. From means for selling and selling gas emission rights and accumulating the greenhouse gas emission rights, and (c) the amount of energy supply data sent from the computer of the energy supplier, Note: means for predicting price fluctuations of greenhouse gas emission rights, and (d) distributing the accumulated greenhouse gas emission rights to the customers, adding them to the energy usage fee of the customers, and adjusting the fee. And a means for charging the customer through the system, the greenhouse gas reduction optimization system.

In the greenhouse gas reduction optimization system of the third aspect of the invention, the management server calculates a reference greenhouse gas generation amount target value, and based on the energy consumption data of the customer sent from the charge settlement system. Then, the greenhouse gas generation amount is calculated, and the difference between the greenhouse gas generation amount and the greenhouse gas generation amount target value is calculated as a greenhouse gas emission right. Further, the management server monitors the trading market for greenhouse gas emission rights, trades the greenhouse gas emission rights according to the price of the greenhouse gas emission rights, and accumulates the greenhouse gas emission rights. Further, the management server predicts price fluctuations of the greenhouse gas emission rights from the amount of energy supply data sent from the computer of the energy supply company, and trades the greenhouse gas emission rights. Further, the management server distributes the accumulated greenhouse gas emission rights to the customers, adds them to the energy usage fee of the customers, and bills the customers through the fee settlement system.

Further, in the charge settlement system of the greenhouse gas reduction optimization system, energy consumption data is transmitted from the measuring instrument to the management server via the settlement system server, and the settlement system server distributes the greenhouse gas to the management server. The effect gas emission right is added to the energy usage fee and billed to the consumer.

Further, the management server purchases a greenhouse gas emission credit if the greenhouse gas emission credit price is cheaper than the environment-related tax price, and the greenhouse gas emission credit price is lower. Sell greenhouse gas emission credits if they are expensive.

Further, the management server monitors the trading market for greenhouse gas emission credits, and when the price of the greenhouse gas emission credits rises, the purchase amount of the greenhouse gas emission credits is reduced to reduce the greenhouse gas emission credits. A fall in prices will increase the purchase of greenhouse gas emissions credits. That is, the relationship between the greenhouse gas emission credit price and the purchase amount is preset.

Further, the management server calculates the amount of greenhouse gas emission rights required for each customer, and converts the greenhouse gas emission rights procured and accumulated in the trading market into the required amount of greenhouse gas emission rights. It is distributed to each customer at a rate determined accordingly. If the amount of greenhouse gas emission rights is insufficient, the shortfall will be procured from the next time onward, and the surplus of the greenhouse gas emission rights will be accumulated for future distributions.

The "environment-related tax" is to charge a fixed rate of tax according to the energy used and the like. It can be expected to have the effect of encouraging consumers, including small consumers, to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.

The "relationship between the greenhouse gas emission credit price and the purchase amount" is a relation in which the purchase amount is reduced when the emission right price rises and the purchase amount is increased when the emission right price falls.
For example, a relational expression representing the relation between the “emission credit price” and the “purchased amount” is set in advance in the management server. If the greenhouse gas emission credit price exceeds a certain price (that is, the environmental tax is converted into the emission credit price), the management server stops purchasing the greenhouse gas emission credit and sells the greenhouse gas emission credit. Switch.

“Distribution of greenhouse gas emission credits” is to distribute the accumulated greenhouse gas emission credits to each customer on a regular basis (for example, once a month). . An example of a distribution method will be shown. (Greenhouse gas emission credit amount distributed to customer A) = (Procured greenhouse gas emission credit amount) x (Greenhouse gas emission credit amount required by customer A) / (Required by all consumers Greenhouse gas emission credits)

A fourth invention is a greenhouse gas reduction optimization system in which a charge settlement system and a computer of an energy supplier are connected to a management server so that data can be exchanged between them, and the management server is a standard greenhouse. A target value for the amount of generated effect gas is calculated, and the amount of generated greenhouse gas is calculated based on the energy usage data of the customer sent from the charge settlement system, and the amount of generated greenhouse gas and the amount of generated greenhouse gas are calculated. It is a greenhouse gas reduction optimization method characterized by calculating a difference from a target value as a greenhouse gas emission right.

A fourth invention is an invention concerning a greenhouse gas reduction optimization method in the greenhouse gas reduction optimization system of the first invention.

A fifth invention is a greenhouse gas reduction optimization system in which a charge settlement system and a computer of an energy supplier are connected to a management server so that data can be exchanged, and the management server is a standard greenhouse. A target value for the amount of generated effect gas is calculated, and the amount of generated greenhouse gas is calculated based on the energy usage data of the customer sent from the charge settlement system, and the amount of generated greenhouse gas and the amount of generated greenhouse gas are calculated. A step of calculating the difference from the target value as a greenhouse gas emission credit, and monitoring the trading market of the greenhouse gas emission credit, and trading the greenhouse gas emission credit according to the price of the greenhouse gas emission credit. And a step of accumulating the greenhouse gas emission credits, the method for optimizing greenhouse gas reduction.

The fifth invention is an invention concerning a greenhouse gas reduction optimization method in the greenhouse gas reduction optimization system of the second invention.

A sixth invention is a greenhouse gas reduction optimizing method in which a charge settlement system and a computer of an energy supplier are connected to a management server so that data can be exchanged between them. ) Calculate a standard greenhouse gas generation amount target value, calculate the greenhouse gas generation amount based on the energy consumption data of the customer sent from the fee settlement system, and calculate the greenhouse gas generation amount and the Calculating a difference from the target value of the greenhouse gas emission amount as a greenhouse gas emission right, and (b) monitoring the trading market of the greenhouse gas emission right and performing the above according to the price of the greenhouse gas emission right. From the step of trading the greenhouse gas emission credit and accumulating the greenhouse gas emission credit, and (c) from the energy supply data amount sent from the computer of the energy supplier, A step of predicting price fluctuations of room effect gas emission rights, and (d) distributing the accumulated greenhouse gas emission rights to the customers and adding them to the energy usage fee of the customers, and the fee settlement system. And a step of billing the customer via the method of optimizing greenhouse gas reduction.

A sixth invention is an invention concerning a greenhouse gas reduction optimization method in the greenhouse gas reduction optimization system of the third invention.

A seventh aspect of the present invention is connected to a charge settlement system and a computer of an energy supplier so as to be able to exchange data, calculates a reference greenhouse gas emission amount target value, and sends it from the charge settlement system. The greenhouse gas generation amount is calculated based on the energy consumption data of the consumer, and the difference between the greenhouse gas generation amount and the greenhouse gas generation amount target value is calculated as a greenhouse gas emission right. Management server.

A seventh invention is an invention concerning a management server in the greenhouse gas reduction optimization system of the first invention.

An eighth aspect of the present invention is connected to a charge settlement system and a computer of an energy supplier so that data can be exchanged, calculates a reference greenhouse gas emission target value, and sends it from the charge settlement system. A means for calculating a greenhouse gas generation amount based on energy consumption data of consumers, and a means for calculating a difference between the greenhouse gas generation amount and the greenhouse gas generation amount target value as a greenhouse gas emission right, Means for monitoring the trading market of the greenhouse gas emission credits, trading the greenhouse gas emission credits according to the price of the greenhouse gas emission credits, and accumulating the greenhouse gas emission credits. It is a management server characterized by the above.

An eighth invention is an invention concerning a management server in the greenhouse gas reduction optimization system of the second invention.

A ninth aspect of the present invention is connected to a charge settlement system and a computer of an energy supplier so that data can be exchanged between them, and (a) calculates a reference value of a greenhouse gas generation amount as a reference, and the charge settlement system. Calculate the greenhouse gas generation amount based on the energy consumption data of the customer sent from the company, and calculate the difference between the greenhouse gas generation amount and the greenhouse gas generation target value as a greenhouse gas emission right. And (b) monitoring the greenhouse gas emission credit trading market, trading the greenhouse gas emission credit according to the price of the greenhouse gas emission credit, and accumulating the greenhouse gas emission credit. Means, and (c) means for predicting price fluctuations of the greenhouse gas emission rights from the amount of energy supply data sent from the computer of the energy supplier.
(D) The accumulated greenhouse gas emission rights are distributed to the customers and added to the energy usage fee of the customers,
And a means for charging the customer via the charge settlement system.

The ninth invention is an invention concerning a management server in the greenhouse gas reduction optimization system of the third invention. In addition, the management server, on behalf of the third-party certification body, performs the certification work on the amount of greenhouse gas emitted by the customer and the amount of greenhouse gas reduction covered by the greenhouse gas emission rights. Do it.

A tenth invention is a program for causing a management server of at least one invention of the seventh, eighth, and ninth inventions to function. The eleventh invention is the seventh invention.
Alternatively, it is a recording medium having recorded therein a program for causing a management server of at least one invention of the eighth invention and the ninth invention to function. "Recording medium" means CD-ROM, DV
D, flexible disk, hard disk, etc.

[0043]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Preferred embodiments of a greenhouse gas reduction optimization system according to the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

(1. Greenhouse gas reduction optimization system 1
First, the system configuration of the information image utilizing system according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. Figure 1 shows a greenhouse gas reduction optimization system 1
It is a block diagram of. In this embodiment, a system for reducing carbon dioxide (CO2) as a greenhouse gas will be described. In addition, the greenhouse gas emission rights described above are
"O2 credit".

As shown in FIG. 1, the greenhouse gas reduction optimization system 1 comprises a CO2 credit management system 3, a charge settlement system 5 and a business operator 15. In the present embodiment, it is assumed that the business operator 15 is a gas supply business operator. That is, the gas is supplied from the business operator 15 to the plurality of consumers 19 via the supply path 35-1, the meter 17, and the supply path 35-2. As will be described later, the meter 17 and the customer 19 are components of the charge settlement system 5.

(1.1 Fee Settlement System 5) The fee settlement system 5 is composed of a settlement system server 9, a settlement system database 13, the above-described meter 17 and a customer 19. The usage amount 37 of the gas supplied to the customer 19 is measured by the meter 17 and is periodically sent to the settlement system server 9. The data of the amount of use 37 may be automatically sent to the settlement system server 9 by wireless or wired communication means, or may be read by a meter reader and sent to the settlement system server 9.

In addition, a charge is made according to the amount of gas used 39
Is sent from the settlement system server 9 to each customer 19. In the present invention, the charge settlement system 5 is used, which charges 39 for the amount of gas used when billing for the payment of CO2 credit procurement.

The settlement system database 13 records the gas utilization status of each customer 19 and the like. For example, the settlement system database 13 records the gas usage status of the consumer 19 in 1990, and by using this data,
Management server 7 is 6 compared to 1990, which was set by the Kyoto Protocol
Calculate the% reduction value.

(1.2 CO2 credit management system 3) The CO2 credit management system 3 comprises a management database 11 and a management server 7. The management database 11 is a storage device that records the CO2 credit calculation process or calculation result of the entire system. In addition, the management database 11 stores CO2 owned by each customer 19
Record the credit amount.

The business operator 15 is equipped with a computer 16, and C
It is connected to the management server 7 of the O2 credit management system 3. The computer 16 instructs the management server 7 to supply data 33 of the gas supplied to the customer 19.
To send regularly. That is, the management server 7 can predict the market price of CO 2 credit to some extent in advance by monitoring the value of the gas supply amount data 33. That is, by predicting CO2 credit price fluctuations in advance, efficient (inexpensive) CO2 credit procurement can be achieved.

The settlement system server 9 uses the gas usage data 37 sent from the meter 17 (that is, usage data 4).
1) is sent to the management server 7, and the management server 7 sends the customer 1
The CO2 credit fee data 43 calculated for each 9 is returned to the settlement system server 9. The payment system server 9
Each customer 19 is billed by adding the CO2 credit procurement fee to the normal gas usage fee.

(1.3 CO2 credit transaction market 27) In the CO2 credit transaction market 27, a plurality of CO2 credit sellers 23 and a plurality of CO2 credit purchasers 25 such as the Internet are mainly provided by a transaction server (not shown). It is made up of connections such as networks. The management server 7 connects to the CO2 credit transaction market 27 at all times or at any time via a network to
When the credit is cheaper than a fixed value, it is purchased 31, and when the credit is more expensive than the fixed value, it is sold 29. That is, the management server 7
Can be a seller 23 or a purchaser 25. It should be noted that the management server 7 increases the purchase amount when the CO2 credit price decreases, and narrows the purchase amount when the price increases.

Further, the CO2 credit price fluctuates day by day due to the balance between supply and demand, and the management server 7 supplies the supply amount data 33 from the computer 16 of the business operator 15.
It is possible to judge the trend of the demand amount of CO2 credits in advance and efficiently (inexpensively) purchase the CO2 credits by monitoring.

(1.4 Third Party Certification Body 21) The management server 7 sets the CO2 amount discharged by each customer 19 and the CO2 reduction amount covered by credit procurement on behalf of the customer 19 and the third party certification body 21. Proof work for 21.

(2. Greenhouse gas reduction optimization system 1
FIG. 2 shows a flowchart of the greenhouse gas reduction optimization system 1. Description will be given in conjunction with FIG. The fee settlement system 5 extracts the monthly gas consumption data of the 1990 customers from the settlement system database 13 (step 201) and sends it to the management server 7 of the CO2 credit management system 3.

The management server 7 uses the "conversion factor" set for each type of energy to calculate the CO2 emission amount for each fiscal year 1990 (step 202). That is, "1990
Annual CO2 emission amount "=" Gas usage amount data of monthly consumer in 1990 "x" conversion coefficient ".

Next, the management server 7 calculates the calculated "199".
A monthly CO2 emission target value for the X year is calculated based on the Kyoto Protocol, based on "FY0 monthly CO2 emission" (step 203). That is, if the target is a 6% reduction from the 1990 level, then the “CO2 emission target value for the X year by month” = “1
990 monthly CO2 emissions "x (1-0.06). The CO2 emission target value for this X year is certified by, for example, a third party certification body 21 or the like. Regarding the target value setting, it is necessary to work with a third party to set a fair and appropriate target value.

The actual amount of gas used measured by the gas meter 17 of each consumer 19 of the charge settlement system 5 is, for example, 1 month.
It is sent to the CO2 credit management system 3 (that is, the management server 7) at a frequency of once (step 204).

The management server 7 uses the above-mentioned "conversion factor" for the "result of the monthly amount of gas used in the X year" sent,
Calculate the "CO2 emissions for the year X". That is, "month X2 CO2 emissions" = "year X gas usage results" x
It is calculated by "conversion factor". Further, the calculated “monthly CO2 emission amount of X year” is compared with “monthly CO2 emission target value of X year year” (step 205).

The "CO2 emission target for fiscal year X" is set to CO
Set the upper limit of 2 credits (emission credits),
The portion in which the "O2 emission amount" exceeds the "CO2 emission target value for each fiscal year X" is set as the required CO2 credit amount (each month) (step 206). On the contrary, if the “month X CO2 emission amount of year X” is less than or equal to the “monthly CO2 emission target value of year X”, the surplus is accumulated as surplus CO2 credits. The accumulated CO2 credits can be used to settle the shortage CO2 credits for the next month, or can be sold in the CO2 credit transaction market 27 as described later.

Next, the case where the management server 7 purchases CO2 credits from the customer 19 who uses the greenhouse gas reduction optimization system 1 of this embodiment (step 207) will be described.

First, as an example, a customer 19 who has conventionally used petroleum as an energy source changes the system,
Suppose you have switched to using gas newly. Since CO2 emission is smaller in the case of using gas than in the case of using oil, it is highly possible that surplus CO2 credit will be generated if the actual result of the monthly gas use is converted into "fiscal year X monthly CO2 emission". The management server 7 supplies this surplus CO2 credit to the consumer 19
To buy from. Therefore, for example, when a gas company operates the greenhouse gas reduction optimization system 1, a customer 19 who has conventionally used a system with a large amount of CO2 emissions such as petroleum should be converted to a gas utilization system. And C
You can get O2 credits.

In the following example, among the customers 19 who are using the greenhouse gas reduction optimization system 1, the amount of gas used (that is, the monthly CO2 emission of the X year) is the target amount (that is, the monthly CO2 emission of the X year). If the quantity is below the target value), the surplus CO
2 credits are generated, which the management server 7 uses
To buy from. The management server 7 stores and manages the surplus CO2 credit in the management database 11, and the shortage C of the next month
It is used for settlement of O2 credits or sold in the CO2 credit transaction market 27.

The management server 7 constantly or occasionally monitors the CO2 credit transaction market 27 and purchases CO2 credits (step 208). That is, the price of CO2 credits fluctuates from moment to moment, so many CO2 credits are purchased when the price is low. If the CO2 credit is cheaper than the environment-related tax price, the CO2 credit is purchased. The CO2 credit procurement procedure of the management server 7 will be described later with reference to FIG.

The management server 7 stores the CO2 credit fee data 43, which is the CO2 credit procurement cost, in each consumer 1
9 and transfers to the charge settlement system 5 (step 209).

In the charge settlement system 5, the settlement system server 9 adds the CO2 credit procurement cost distributed to the monthly gas charge and bills the customer 19 for the charge 39 (step 210). The method of distributing the CO2 credit procurement cost and the procedure of billing will be described later with reference to FIG.

(3. CO2 credit procurement procedure) FIG.
Is the management server 7 of the CO2 credit management system 3.
Shows the procedure for monitoring the CO2 credit transaction market 27 and procuring CO2 credits. The monitoring and procurement are performed as needed (every day).

The management server 7 is connected to the CO2 credit transaction market 27 via a network such as the Internet and constantly or occasionally monitors the CO2 credit transaction market 27 (step 301). The CO2 credit price fluctuates daily due to the balance between supply and demand. In the graph shown in step 301, the horizontal axis shows the elapsed time (day), the vertical axis shows the CO2 credit price, and C
The daily price fluctuation of the O2 credit price is shown. That is, the management server 7 monitors the CO2 credit price, the transaction status (transaction amount), and the like.

On the other hand, the management server 7 is the gas supplier 1.
The computer 16 of 5 provides the gas supply amount data 33 constantly or at any time. In step 302, the horizontal axis represents the passage of time, the vertical axis represents the gas supply amount, and the planned gas supply amount 304
And the actual gas supply amount 303 are shown in the graph. The gas supply amount data 33 is the actual gas supply amount 303 to the customer 19.

The management server 7 predicts the CO2 credit demand fluctuation based on the value of the supply amount data 33 provided from the computer 16 of the gas supplier 15 (step 305). For example, if the gas supply increases sharply,
The amount of gas used by each customer 19 increases, that is, the amount of CO 2 generated increases, and accordingly, the demand for procurement of CO 2 credits for achieving the CO 2 emission target value increases. Therefore CO
2 Credit prices are expected to rise. On the contrary, when the gas supply amount decreases, the demand for procurement of CO2 credits decreases, and the CO2 credit price is expected to decrease.

The CO2 credit price is one company 1
Although it does not fluctuate greatly due to changes in the amount of energy supplied in No. 5, CO2 credit demand, that is, C
Changes in O2 credit prices can be predicted.

The management server 7 monitors the CO2 credit transaction market 27 and also supplies the supply amount data 33.
As the CO2 credit price becomes cheaper, more CO2 credits are purchased while monitoring the above. Also, CO2
If the credit price becomes high, the CO2 credit is refrained from purchase or the CO2 credit is sold (step 307). The CO2 credits purchased and accumulated by the management server 7 in the CO2 credit transaction market 27 are accumulated and stored in the management database 11. In the graph shown in step 307, the horizontal axis indicates the passage of time and the vertical axis indicates CO2.
Credit purchase amount, cumulative CO2 credit 308
(X) is shown. As will be described with reference to FIG. 5, the border price for buying and selling CO2 credits may be determined based on the environment-related tax price when the environment-related tax is introduced.

The management server 7 procures CO2 credits in the CO2 credit transaction market 27 as described above, while procuring CO2 credits by cultivating new gas customers (step 306, the same as step 207 in FIG. 2). )I do. That is, conventional CO2 such as petroleum
Surplus CO2 credits are generated by introducing a gas utilization system with a smaller CO2 generation amount to a customer who has used a system that uses energy with a larger generation amount. The management server 7 accumulates this surplus CO2 credit and manages it in the management database 11. From Figure 4
Proceed to “CO2 credit distribution procedure”.

(4. CO2 credit distribution procedure) FIG. 4
Is the management server 7 of the CO2 credit management system 3.
Shows the procedure for distributing the accumulated CO2 credits to each consumer. The CO2 credit distribution process is performed, for example, once every month at the end of the month.

In step 309, CO to each consumer 19
It is a figure which shows distribution of 2 credits. The management server 7
"Necessary CO2" of each of customer A, customer B, and customer C
Calculate the credit amount (each month). " As for the calculation procedure, referring to FIG. 2, step 201 to step 206 described above, the “monthly CO2 emission amount” is calculated from the “monthly gas usage amount” and the “monthly CO2 emission target value” is subtracted.
It becomes the CO2 credit (emissions credit) required for the month.

That is, the required CO2 credit amount of the consumer A is CO2 (A), the required CO2 credit amount of the consumer B is CO2 (A), and the required CO2 credit amount of the consumer C is C.
If O2 (C), CO2 credit management system 3
CO2 (A) + CO2
It is expressed as (B) + CO2 (C) (when the consumers of the CO2 credit management system 3 are only A, B, and C).

The cumulative purchase CO2 credit amount 308 of this month is shown as X in step 307 of FIG. Required CO2 credit amount CO2 (A) + CO2
Purchased CO2 credit amount 3 than (B) + CO2 (C)
When 08 (that is, X) is small, the credit amount is evenly distributed to the customers A, B, and C. That is, for the customer A, X · CO2 (A) / (CO2 (A) + CO2
(B) + CO2 (C)) is distributed. The same applies to the customers B and C.

Here, the shortfall CO2 credit amount 310
Will be procured by the management server 7 after the next month. Although not shown, the cumulative purchase CO2 credit amount 308 that was procured on the contrary.
When (X) is larger than the required CO2 credit amount, the management database 11 is evenly distributed to each consumer 19.
Managed by.

Incidentally, the management server 7 needs C for each month.
The O2 credit procurement fee, that is, the CO2 credit fee data 43 is sent to the settlement system server 9. The settlement system server 9 assigns C to each customer 19, for example, customer A.
The procurement fee of O2 (A) is added to the gas usage fee of the customer A to charge 39 (step 209 in FIG. 2,
Step 210).

The management server 7 manages the CO2 credit holding balance at the end of the month, for example (step 311). That is,
As described above, the credit holding balance of each consumer 19 is managed. If the required CO2 credit amount of the consumer 19 is less than the distributed CO2 credit amount, the retained CO2 credit amount of the consumer 19 is accumulated, and in the opposite case, there is a shortage of CO2 credits (shortage 310 in FIG. 4).

Further, the management server 7 manages the CO2 credit holding balance of the entire greenhouse gas reduction optimization system 1, and manages the procurement amount and CO2 credit procurement plan for the next month onward. The CO2 credit procurement plan is a procurement plan of the CO2 purchase amount with respect to the fluctuation of the CO2 credit price shown in step 301 of FIG.

After the end of the CO2 credit distribution and the CO2 credit holding balance management at the end of the month, the process returns to the CO2 credit monitoring and the CO2 credit purchase / sale step which are the processes of "every day" in FIG.

(5. Optimization of environment-related tax and CO2 credit reduction cost) FIG. 5 is a diagram showing optimization of CO2 reduction cost. That is, as a CO2 emission reduction method,
There are a global method of reducing CO2 emissions through CO2 credit transactions and a method of imposing an energy environment-related tax according to the amount of energy used, and optimization of these cost balances will be described with reference to FIG.

In FIG. 5, the horizontal axis represents time lapse (date) 503.
And the CO2 credit price 502 on the vertical axis. C
The O2 credit price has been changing from about 120 yen to 1200 yen per ton from the actual results. The curve graph shown in FIG. 5 shows the fluctuation of the CO2 credit price. Further, the environment-related tax price 501 is CO2 if the tax when the carbon tax is introduced is 3,000 yen / Ct.
When converted to, it is about 820 yen / CO2 · t.

When the CO2 credit price is lower than the environment-related tax price 501 in FIG.
If CO2 credit is purchased and the CO2 credit price exceeds the environment-related tax price 501, the price is 50.
Sell CO2 credit to No. 4.

Therefore, the CO2 reduction cost paid by the customer 19 can be optimized by setting the boundary value of the CO2 credit trading in step 208 of FIG. 2 to the environment-related tax price 501.

(6. Others, effects, etc.) In the greenhouse gas reduction optimization system 1 of the present embodiment, the CO2 emission amount of each customer and the C provided by the CO2 credit procurement.
Authentication work such as the amount of O2 reduction is performed on behalf of the customer by a third party certification body.

As described above, according to the present embodiment, each customer 19 carries out complicated CO2 credit trading, and CO
2 No need to monitor credit market.
In addition, the greenhouse gas reduction optimization system 1 handles CO2 credits of a plurality of customers at once, so
Effective (low cost) CO
2 credits can be raised.

Also, since the CO2 credit procurement fee to be distributed to each consumer is charged by the fee settlement system 5, it is not necessary to construct a new credit fee settlement system. For example, CO2 credit procurement fee is 1 per month
Degree is added to the energy (for example, gas) usage fee and charged to each consumer. That is, by using the meter 17 for measuring the amount of energy used and the charge settlement system 5 which holds the amount of energy used in the settlement system database 13, the system can be constructed inexpensively and quickly.

Further, the cost balance of CO2 credit transaction and environment-related tax, which is complicated and needs know-how for each customer, can be effectively performed by using the greenhouse gas reduction optimization system 1. it can.

Further, by monitoring the energy supply amount data 33 sent from the business operator 15 to the management server 7, predicting the demand fluctuation of CO2 credits in advance and procuring effective (inexpensive) CO2 credits. You can

Further, since the greenhouse gas reduction optimization system 1 substitutes for the labor-intensive proof work of CO2 reduction work for the third party authentication period 21, the burden on each customer can be reduced. Further, since the CO2 emission amount is calculated by multiplying the energy usage amount 37 measured by the meter 17 by the conversion coefficient, it is not necessary to install a measuring device for certification again.

The functions of the management server 7 realized in the above embodiments can be realized by software. For this reason, the required software is the CD that records the program via the network.
It can be distributed by a recording medium such as -ROM or DVD-ROM.

In the present embodiment, the business operator 1
Although 5 is the gas supplier, the power supplier,
It may be an oil supplier. Further, in the present embodiment, the customer 19 is assumed to be a small-scale business operator (or a general household), but the customer 19 is, for example, a “power generation business operator”.
It may be a large-scale business like this. That is,
The business operator 15 is an oil supply business operator, and the customer 19 is a power generation business operator that performs thermal power generation. In the case of such a large-scale consumer 19, the CO2 emission amount management may be performed at any time instead of once a month.

Although CO2 is taken as a greenhouse gas in the present embodiment, the present invention can be applied to other gases as long as the emission trading market is established.

The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments. It is obvious to those skilled in the art that various changes or modifications can be conceived within the scope of the technical idea disclosed in the present application, and naturally, these also belong to the technical scope of the present invention. Understood.

[0097]

As described above in detail, according to the present invention, the emission trading mechanism can be easily constructed by utilizing the settlement system. Further, it is possible to provide a system for effectively optimizing greenhouse gas reduction by balancing the optimal cost balance between the purchase of emission credits and the energy environment related tax.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a greenhouse gas reduction optimization system 1.

FIG. 2 Flowchart of greenhouse gas reduction optimization system 1

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a CO2 credit procurement procedure.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a procedure for distributing CO2 credits.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing optimization of a CO 2 reduction method.

[Explanation of symbols]

1. Greenhouse gas reduction optimization system 3 ... CO2 credit management system 5 ... Charge settlement system 7 ... Management server 9 ... Payment system server 11 ... Management database 13 ... Settlement system database 15 ... Business 16 ... Computer 17 ... Meter 19 ... Consumer 21 ... Third party certification body 23 ... Seller 25 ... Purchaser 27 ... CO2 credit trading market 29 ... CO2 credit sales 31 ・ ・ ・ CO2 credit purchase 33 ... Supply amount data 35 ... Supply path 37 ... Usage 39 ... Billing 41 ... Usage data 43 ... CO2 credit fee data 303 ... Gas supply amount actual measurement value 304 ・ ・ ・ Gas supply amount target value 308 ・ ・ ・ CO2 credit purchase amount 310 ... CO2 credit Procurement amount after the next month

Claims (24)

[Claims] 1. A greenhouse gas reduction optimization system in which a charge settlement system and a computer of an energy supplier are connected to a management server so that data can be exchanged, wherein the management server is a standard greenhouse gas generation amount. Calculate the target value, calculate the greenhouse gas generation amount based on the energy consumption data of the customer sent from the fee settlement system, between the greenhouse gas generation amount and the greenhouse gas generation target value A greenhouse gas reduction optimization system that calculates the difference as a greenhouse gas emission credit. 2. A greenhouse gas reduction optimization system in which a charge settlement system and a computer of an energy supplier are connected to a management server so that data can be exchanged, wherein the management server is a reference greenhouse gas generation amount. Calculate the target value, calculate the greenhouse gas generation amount based on the energy consumption data of the customer sent from the fee settlement system, between the greenhouse gas generation amount and the greenhouse gas generation target value A means for calculating the difference as a greenhouse gas emission credit, and monitoring the trading market for the greenhouse gas emission credit, trading the greenhouse gas emission credit according to the price of the greenhouse gas emission credit, and the greenhouse A greenhouse gas reduction optimization system comprising: means for accumulating effect gas emission credits. 3. A greenhouse gas reduction optimization system in which a charge settlement system and a computer of an energy supplier are connected to a management server so that data can be exchanged, wherein the management server is (a) a standard greenhouse effect. A gas generation target value is calculated, and a greenhouse gas generation amount is calculated based on the energy usage data of the customer sent from the fee settlement system. The greenhouse gas generation amount and the greenhouse gas generation target Means to calculate the difference from the value as a greenhouse gas emission right,
(B) means for monitoring the trading market for greenhouse gas emission rights, trading the greenhouse gas emission rights according to the price of the greenhouse gas emission rights, and accumulating the greenhouse gas emission rights; (C) means for predicting price fluctuations of the greenhouse gas emission rights from the amount of energy supply data sent from the computer of the energy supplier, and (d) the accumulated greenhouse gas emission rights to the consumer. And a means for adding to the energy usage fee of the customer and billing the customer through the fee settlement system. A greenhouse gas reduction optimization system comprising: 4. In the charge settlement system, the settlement system server is connected to the consumer and a measuring instrument for measuring the amount of energy supplied from the energy supplier to the consumer. Energy usage data is transmitted to the settlement system server, the settlement system server sends the energy usage data to the management server, and the settlement system server distributes the greenhouse gas emission credits by the management server. Is added to the energy usage fee and billed to the customer. 4. The greenhouse gas reduction optimization system according to claim 3, wherein. 5. The management server purchases the greenhouse gas emission credit if the greenhouse gas emission credit price is cheaper than the environment-related tax price, and compares it with the environment-related tax price. By comparison, when the price of the greenhouse gas emission credit is higher, the greenhouse gas emission credit is sold, and the greenhouse gas reduction optimization system according to claim 3. 6. The management server monitors a trading market for the greenhouse gas emission rights, reduces the purchase amount of the greenhouse gas emission rights when the price of the greenhouse gas emission rights rises, and reduces the greenhouse effect. The purchase amount of the greenhouse gas emission right is increased when the price of the gas emission right decreases, and the greenhouse gas emission right is procured based on a preset relationship between the purchase amount and the price. The greenhouse gas reduction optimization system according to claim 3. 7. The management server calculates the greenhouse gas emission credit amount required for each customer, procures it in the trading market, and accumulates the stored greenhouse gas emission credits into the required greenhouse gas emission amount. When the greenhouse gas emission credit amount is insufficient, it is distributed to each of the consumers at a rate determined according to the emission credit amount, and the shortfall is procured from the next time onward, and the greenhouse gas emission credit amount is surplus. The greenhouse gas reduction optimization system according to claim 3, wherein the minutes are accumulated for distribution after the next time. 8. A greenhouse gas reduction optimization system in which a charge settlement system and a computer of an energy supplier are connected to a management server so that data can be exchanged, wherein the management server is a standard greenhouse gas generation amount. Calculate the target value, calculate the greenhouse gas generation amount based on the energy consumption data of the customer sent from the fee settlement system, between the greenhouse gas generation amount and the greenhouse gas generation target value A method for optimizing greenhouse gas reduction, which comprises calculating the difference as a greenhouse gas emission right. 9. A greenhouse gas reduction optimization system in which a charge settlement system and a computer of an energy supplier are connected to a management server so that data can be exchanged, wherein the management server is a reference greenhouse gas generation amount. Calculate the target value, calculate the greenhouse gas generation amount based on the energy consumption data of the customer sent from the fee settlement system, between the greenhouse gas generation amount and the greenhouse gas generation target value Calculating the difference as a greenhouse gas emission credit, and monitoring the trading market for the greenhouse gas emission credit, trading the greenhouse gas emission credit according to the price of the greenhouse gas emission credit, and the greenhouse A method for optimizing greenhouse gas reduction, comprising: a step of accumulating effect gas emission credits. 10. A greenhouse gas reduction optimizing method in which a charge settlement system and a computer of an energy supplier are connected to a management server so as to be able to exchange data, wherein the management server serves as (a) standard. Calculate the greenhouse gas generation target value, calculate the greenhouse gas generation amount based on the energy consumption data of the customer sent from the fee settlement system, the greenhouse gas generation amount and the greenhouse gas generation A step of calculating the difference from the quantity target value as a greenhouse gas emission right,
(B) monitoring the trading market of the greenhouse gas emission rights, trading the greenhouse gas emission rights according to the price of the greenhouse gas emission rights, and accumulating the greenhouse gas emission rights; (C) A step of predicting a price change of the greenhouse gas emission credit from the amount of energy supply data sent from the computer of the energy supply business operator, and (d) the accumulated greenhouse gas emission credit to the consumer. And adding it to the energy usage fee of the customer and billing the customer through the fee settlement system. 11. In the charge settlement system, the settlement system server is connected to the customer and a measuring instrument for measuring the amount of energy supplied from the energy supplier to the consumer. Energy usage data is transmitted to the payment system server, the payment system server sends the energy usage data to the management server, and the payment system server
The greenhouse gas reduction optimization method according to claim 10, wherein the greenhouse gas emission credit distributed by the management server is added to the energy usage fee and billed to the customer. 12. The management server purchases the greenhouse gas emission credit when the greenhouse gas emission credit price is cheaper than the environment-related tax price, and compares it with the environment-related tax price. By comparison, when the price of the greenhouse gas emission credit is higher, the greenhouse gas emission credit is sold, and the greenhouse gas reduction optimization method according to claim 10. 13. The management server monitors a trading market for the greenhouse gas emission rights, reduces the purchase amount of the greenhouse gas emission rights when the price of the greenhouse gas emission rights rises, and reduces the greenhouse effect. The purchase amount of the greenhouse gas emission right is increased when the price of the gas emission right decreases, and the greenhouse gas emission right is procured based on a preset relationship between the purchase amount and the price. The greenhouse gas reduction optimization method according to claim 10. 14. The management server calculates a greenhouse gas emission credit amount required for each customer, and obtains the greenhouse gas emission credits procured and accumulated in the transaction market as the required greenhouse gas emission amount. When the greenhouse gas emission credit amount is insufficient, it is distributed to each of the consumers at a rate determined according to the emission credit amount, and the shortfall is procured from the next time onward, and the greenhouse gas emission credit amount is surplus. 11. The method for optimizing greenhouse gas reduction according to claim 10, wherein the minutes are accumulated for distribution after the next time. 15. An energy source for a customer, which is connected to a charge settlement system and a computer of an energy supplier so as to be able to exchange data, calculates a reference greenhouse gas emission amount target value, and is sent from the charge settlement system. A management server characterized by calculating a greenhouse gas generation amount based on usage data, and calculating a difference between the greenhouse gas generation amount and the greenhouse gas generation amount target value as a greenhouse gas emission right. . 16. An energy source for a customer, which is connected to a charge settlement system and a computer of an energy supplier so as to be capable of exchanging data, calculates a reference greenhouse gas emission target value, and is sent from the charge settlement system. A means for calculating a greenhouse gas generation amount based on usage data, a means for calculating a difference between the greenhouse gas generation amount and the greenhouse gas generation amount target value as a greenhouse gas emission right, and the greenhouse gas A means for monitoring the trading market of emission credits, trading the greenhouse gas emission credits according to the price of the greenhouse gas emission credits, and accumulating the greenhouse gas emission credits. Management server to run. 17. A charge settlement system and a computer of an energy supplier are connected so as to be able to exchange data,
(A) A target value for the amount of generated greenhouse gas serving as a reference is calculated, and the amount of generated greenhouse gas is calculated based on the energy consumption data of the customer sent from the fee settlement system. And means for calculating the difference between the greenhouse gas generation target value and the greenhouse gas emission right,
(B) means for monitoring the trading market for greenhouse gas emission rights, trading the greenhouse gas emission rights according to the price of the greenhouse gas emission rights, and accumulating the greenhouse gas emission rights; (C) means for predicting price fluctuations of the greenhouse gas emission rights from the amount of energy supply data sent from the computer of the energy supplier, and (d) the accumulated greenhouse gas emission rights to the consumer. And a means for adding to the energy usage fee of the customer and billing the customer through the fee settlement system. 18. In the charge settlement system, the settlement system server is connected to the customer and a measuring instrument for measuring the amount of energy supplied from the energy supplier to the consumer. Energy usage data is transmitted to the settlement system server, the settlement system server sends the energy usage data to the management server, and the settlement system server distributes the greenhouse gas emission credits by the management server. 18. The management server according to claim 17, wherein is added to the energy usage fee to charge the customer. 19. If the greenhouse gas emission credit price is cheaper than the environment-related tax price, the greenhouse gas emission credit is purchased and compared with the environment-related tax price, and the 18. The management server according to claim 17, wherein the greenhouse gas emission credit is sold when the price of the greenhouse gas emission credit is higher. 20. Monitoring the trading market for greenhouse gas emission rights, reducing the purchase amount of the greenhouse gas emission rights when the price of the greenhouse gas emission rights rises, and the price of the greenhouse gas emission rights 18. The greenhouse gas emission rights are procured based on a preset purchase quantity-to-price relationship that increases the purchase amount of the greenhouse gas emission rights when the value decreases. Management server. 21. A greenhouse gas emission credit amount required for each consumer is calculated, and the greenhouse gas emission credits procured and accumulated in the trading market are calculated according to the required greenhouse gas emission credit amount. When the greenhouse gas emission credit amount is insufficient, the shortfall is procured from the next time onward, and the surplus of the greenhouse gas emission right amount is from the next time onward. 18. The management server according to claim 17, wherein the management server stores the data for distribution. 22. The certification work of the greenhouse gas generation amount emitted by the customer and the greenhouse gas reduction amount covered by the greenhouse gas emission right is performed to a third party certification body,
18. The method is performed on behalf of the customer.
Management server listed. 23. A program for causing the management server according to claim 15 to function. 24. A recording medium on which a program for causing the management server according to claim 15 to function is recorded.