CN113205423A - Energy trading system based on block chain and trading method thereof - Google Patents
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Abstract
A block chain-based energy transaction system comprises an energy transaction system, an intelligent contract, an electric meter, a wallet, a transaction object, a block chain network and an internet network; the intelligent contract is a digitalization of a real contract, the wallet is used for storing a private key of a user, and the energy transaction system comprises background service and foreground application; the transaction objects comprise an electricity selling company and an electricity utilization user; the ammeter includes intelligent object, has measurement function and communication function. The transaction method of the transaction system comprises a transaction scheme and an electricity utilization scheme. The advantages are that: the invention relates to an energy transaction platform for different types of users, which is characterized in that a block chain network is built as a basic platform, the security of transaction and the tamper resistance of transaction data are ensured by using the encryption technology of a block chain, different types of transaction modes are met by adopting intelligent contracts, the requirements of convenient operation and system interaction of the users are met by matching with a transaction system, electric power is freely circulated, and a completely closed-loop and full-circulation ecological system for electric power transaction is formed.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of blockchain energy transaction, and particularly relates to a blockchain-based energy transaction system and a blockchain-based energy transaction method.
Background
The national electricity generation amount of 2019 years in China exceeds 7.5 trillion kilowatt hours, the national electricity generation amount of China also increases at an average speed of about 4% every year, but the trade spot market of electric power is relatively lagged, the electric power is in a pilot stage at present, only a part of industrial and commercial users which trade for a medium and long term can be covered, the trade demands of different types of users cannot be covered, the market effect cannot be really played, the electric power can be freely circulated as a commodity, and the electric power market with price discovery, complete trade varieties and complete functions is realized.
The energy trading platform for different types of users covers different electric power trading scenes and power utilization scenes according to different types of user requirements. The block chain network is built as a basic platform, the security of transaction and the tamper resistance of transaction data are guaranteed by using the encryption technology of the block chain, different types of transaction modes are met by adopting intelligent contracts, the requirements of convenient operation and system interaction of users are met by matching transaction systems, the electricity is freely circulated at the electricity selling side, the electricity purchasing side and the electricity using side, and a completely closed-loop full-circulation ecological system for electricity transaction is formed.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the energy transaction system and the energy transaction method based on the block chain can cover different types of user transaction scenes, are safe in transaction and are not easy to tamper transaction data.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: a energy transaction system based on block chain is characterized in that: the system comprises an energy transaction system, an intelligent contract, an electric meter, a wallet, a transaction object, a block chain network and an internet network;
the intelligent contract is a digitalization of a real contract, the content of the contract is written in a code form, the logic of the contract and the contract agreement of both sides are realized, and the intelligent contract runs in a block chain network;
the wallet is used for storing a private key of a user, and each transaction of the user can be signed by the wallet, so that the security of transaction data and the uniqueness of user identity identification are ensured;
the energy transaction system comprises background service and foreground application; the foreground application is mainly provided for a user-friendly operation interface in a webpage or App form, so that a user can interact with the system; the background service is mainly responsible for computing, storing, timing tasks and interacting with the intelligent contract;
the transaction objects comprise electricity selling companies, power grid companies and power generation enterprises such as thermal power generation enterprises, water conservancy power generation enterprises, wind power generation enterprises, solar power generation enterprises and nuclear power generation enterprises, and are benefit related parties;
the power selling company can proxy the power produced by the local area and the cross-area power generation enterprises; the power grid company is responsible for power transmission, transformation and distribution to the users; the power selling company, the power grid company and the power generation enterprise calculate cost together, and the price of current power selling is set according to the current market supply and demand conditions; the electricity selling company as a representative for trading electricity on the energy market;
the transaction objects also comprise electricity users such as residential users and business users; the electricity utilization users comprise residential users and industrial and commercial users; the residential users and the industrial and commercial users respectively serve as independent individuals to conduct electric power buying and selling behaviors in the energy market;
the residential users can make a purchase from an electricity selling company and can also make free transactions with other residential users according to market prices;
the ammeter has a metering function and a communication function; the electric meter also comprises an intelligent module, wherein a linux system, wallet software and management software are arranged in the intelligent module;
the electric selling company, the electric user and the electric meter comprise the wallet, are realized by software and exist in an off-line mode;
the block chain network is established on the basis of the internet and is realized by the block chain technology; the block chain network consists of thousands of nodes, and the nodes comprise managers and participants; the manager is the electricity selling company, and the participants comprise the electricity selling company, industrial and commercial users, residential users and electric meters;
the electricity selling company, the industrial and commercial users and the residential users mainly participate in energy trading, and the electricity meter participates in energy distribution and use; the wallet is responsible for storing a user private key and encrypting and decrypting transaction data;
the energy trading system is used as a medium for realizing trading, and bridges between trading objects and between the trading objects and the block chain network are established; in one aspect, a visual interface is provided for user currency conversion and energy transactions; in another aspect, the intelligent contracts on the blockchain network are invoked to perform energy transactions and data storage.
The transaction method based on the blockchain energy transaction system is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
first, a trading scheme
(1) Electricity selling company and resident user
The power transaction between the electricity selling company and the resident user adopts a subscription mode and a shaking number mode, is similar to the new subscription in ticket transaction, and has the following flow:
a. the power selling company can release the sold power information of the next month in the last 2 days of each month according to a fixed period, and can also release the information on a self-defined date; the electricity selling company releases the behavior by calling the procurement contract in the block chain; the electric power information released by the power selling company comprises the amount of saleable electric power, the price of each degree of electric power, the expiration time of the electric power and the quantity of one hand of electric power;
b. the resident user can purchase power from one or more power selling companies, the user can purchase ten hands at most from one power selling company at the initial stage, namely ten allotments, and the system adjusts the maximum number of the power purchasing hands of the user according to the power purchasing history of the user at the later stage; when a resident user buys the electric quantity, the background service allocates the number to the hand number of the user buys the electric quantity, and meanwhile, the resident user needs to pay the amount of the buys-in electric quantity;
c. the electricity selling company can also define the parameter from the electricity information releasing date to the purchasing completion date of the resident users, namely the purchasing period, which is generally 2 days; when the procurement period is finished, the background service automatically carries out number shaking according to a specific algorithm, and pushes a final signed result to the procurement contract, wherein the signed result comprises all signed account numbers, the number of hands of the signed electric quantity corresponding to the signed account numbers and the number of electric quantities of one hand; the contract for the subscription transfers the money of the actually sold electric quantity of the electric power to an electric power selling company according to the middle-signed information, and returns the money of the part with the un-signed money to the residential user according to the number of the middle-signed money of the residential user;
(2) residential user and residential user
The resident user can freely trade with other resident users by applying for the electric quantity purchased by the electric power selling company, but the electric quantity traded is limited to the electric power from the same electric power selling company, and the process is as follows:
a. the method comprises the steps that a seller and a buyer of a resident user bid on the market, the seller of the resident user entrusts the unit price and the amount of electric quantity for selling the electric power, and the buyer of the resident user entrusts the unit price and the amount of the electric quantity for purchasing the electric power;
b. the background service uses a specific algorithm, and calculates an optimal matching scheme in real time according to parameters such as consignation time, consignation price, consignation quantity and the like of buyers and sellers of the resident users to match the achievement of the transaction between the resident users;
c. the background service pushes the successfully matched transaction to a transaction contract on a block chain, and the transaction contract accounts and respectively transfers money of corresponding transaction amount to a seller of a resident user and electric quantity of corresponding transaction amount to a buyer of the resident user according to transaction information achieved by both parties of the transaction of the resident user;
(3) electricity selling company and industrial and commercial users
The electricity consumption of industrial and commercial users is large, stable and long-term electricity supply is needed, the electricity price is different from that of residential users, and the electricity price is determined mainly according to the purchase quantity and the purchase period; the business user adopts a mode of negotiating and signing a contract when applying for power from a power selling company, and the process is as follows:
a. the electricity selling company determines different selling prices according to different periods such as months, seasons and years and different electricity purchasing quantities, and issues a subscription contract with different condition combinations to the industrial and commercial users;
b. the industrial and commercial users check the procurement contracts on the block chain, and select the contracts suitable for the industrial and commercial users to negotiate with the power selling company according to the requirements of the industrial and commercial users to determine the final purchase price;
c. the negotiation between the power selling company and the industrial and commercial users, the agreement on the specific contents of the contract, such as the amount of purchased electric quantity, the amount of payment of a guarantee fee, the payment mode (such as installment payment, due payment and the like) and the like, and the process can go through a plurality of rounds; the negotiation is successful, the industrial and commercial users pay the deposit according to contract agreement, the procurement agreement date on the block chain is transferred to the deposit to the power selling company, and then the corresponding electric power is transferred to the industrial and commercial users;
d. the background service of the energy transaction system informs the business user to pay corresponding money on the appointed due date of the contract;
(4) industrial and commercial users and industrial and commercial users
The business users trade in a negotiation mode, the electric quantity of the trade is limited to the electric power from the same power selling company, and the process is as follows: the seller and the buyer of the industrial and commercial user can quote in the market, the market can display the information issued by the buyer and the seller of the industrial and commercial user, if the buyer or the seller interested in the industrial and commercial user can negotiate with the buyer or the seller to determine the purchase amount and the purchase price, and if the negotiation between the buyer and the seller is successful, the transaction is completed, and the money and the electric quantity are transferred through a transaction contract on the block chain;
(5) electricity selling company and electricity selling company
The transaction between the electricity selling company and the electricity selling company is mainly to balance the unbalanced condition of the electricity selling in the energy market, the electricity selling company with good electricity selling condition can borrow the electricity selling company with surplus electricity with poor electricity selling condition, which cannot meet the requirement of the electricity selling company, balance the supply and demand in the market, improve the utilization rate of electricity, avoid energy waste, and is an effective supplementary means for energy transaction, and the process is as follows:
a. the method comprises the steps that the borrowing power selling company is provided to determine different selling prices according to different periods such as months, seasons and years and different power purchasing quantities, and the borrowing contracts with different condition combinations are issued to other power selling companies;
b. if the power selling company has the demand of borrowing, the power selling company can negotiate to the power selling company providing the borrowing to borrow the power;
c. the negotiation between the detached power selling company and the power selling company providing the detached power selling company is mainly the agreement on the specific content of the contract, such as the amount of the purchased electric quantity, the amount of the paid deposit, the payment mode (such as installments, due payments and the like), and the like, the process may go through a plurality of rounds, if the negotiation is successful, the detached power selling company pays the deposit according to the contract agreement, the detached power selling company on the block chain transfers the deposit to the detached power selling company by closing the appointment, and then corresponding electric power is transferred to the detached power selling company;
d. the transaction system background service informs the detached power selling company to pay corresponding money on the appointed expiration date of the contract;
second, the electric scheme
The purpose of the electric power purchased by both residential users and industrial and commercial users is to consume the electric power, and the terminal equipment for measuring the use condition of the electric power of the users is an electric meter; the electricity consumption user can distribute the electricity to the electricity meter for consumption, the user can check the electricity consumption condition of the electricity meter, and the electricity meter can transfer the unconsumed electricity back to the user for transaction;
(1) electric quantity distribution and use
The user distributes the purchased electric power to the electric meter for consumption and use, and the process is as follows:
a. the electric quantity purchased by the user is distributed to the specific electric quantity of the electric meter for use through a distribution contract on the blockchain network;
b. the electric meter acquires the electric quantity distributed to the electric meter from the distribution contract on the blockchain network, and then a program in the electric meter manages and controls consumption of the electric quantity;
(2) block chain on ammeter data
The electric meter can report the residual electric quantity to the block chain network periodically, so that not only can a user check the use condition of the electric quantity in the electric meter and make corresponding adjustment, but also an electric selling company can make comprehensive statistical analysis on the electric quantity to guide a future electric selling strategy; the process is as follows:
a. the electric meter reports the residual electric quantity to the power utilization contract on the block chain according to the period (such as minutes, hours or days);
b. the user can obtain the use condition of the electric quantity of the electric meter from the block chain by using the electric contract;
(3) electric quantity back sale of electric meter
The user can transfer the electric power from the electric meter to the factors such as no loss, redundant electric power or market quotation and the like in the electric meter, and then trade on the market; the process is as follows:
a. the user informs the electric meter of the amount of the electric quantity to be transferred out of the electric meter through the background service;
b. the electric meter receives the notification, a program in the electric meter deducts the corresponding electric quantity amount, and then a distribution contract on the block chain network is called to transfer out the corresponding electric quantity amount;
c. the user obtains the corresponding amount of electricity from the distribution contract on the blockchain network and then deals on the market.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention is oriented to energy trading platforms of different types of users, and covers different electric power trading scenes and power utilization scenes aiming at the requirements of different types of users; the block chain network is built as a basic platform, the security of transaction and the tamper resistance of transaction data are guaranteed by using the encryption technology of the block chain, different types of transaction modes are met by adopting intelligent contracts, the requirements of convenient operation and system interaction of users are met by matching transaction systems, electric power is freely circulated at a power selling side, a power purchasing side and a power utilization side, and a completely closed-loop full-circulation ecological system for electric power transaction is formed.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the architecture of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of an electric power transaction between an electricity selling company and a residential customer according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of an electric power transaction between residential users of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of a business user and an electric power vendor transaction according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a flow chart of a transaction between a business user and a business user according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a flow chart of a transaction between an electricity selling company and an electricity selling company according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a power distribution flow diagram for a customer of an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a flowchart illustrating a process of reporting the remaining power to a block chain by the electric meter according to the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a flow chart of electricity meter resale according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Labeled as:
1. an energy trading system; 11. background services; 12. foreground application; 2. an intelligent contract; 3. an electricity meter; 41. a power selling company; 42. a user using electricity; 5. a block chain network; 6. an internet network; 0. a wallet.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the following examples:
example one
As shown in fig. 1 to 9, a blockchain-based energy trading system includes an energy trading system 1, a smart contract 2, an electricity meter 3, a trading object, a blockchain network 5, an internet network 6, and a wallet 0;
the energy transaction system 1 comprises a background service 11 and a foreground application 12; the foreground application 12 is mainly provided for a user-friendly operation interface in a form of a webpage or an App, so that a user can interact with the system; the background service 11 is mainly responsible for computing, storing, timing tasks and interaction with intelligent contracts;
the intelligent contract 2 is used for digitalizing a real contract, compiling the content of the contract in a code form, realizing the logic of the contract and the contract agreement of both parties, and operating in a block chain network;
the ammeter 3 has a metering function and a communication function; the electric meter also comprises an intelligent module, wherein a linux system, wallet software and management software are arranged in the intelligent module; the management software is mainly responsible for data interaction with the intelligent contracts on the block chain, and has the main functions of acquiring distributed electric quantity, controlling electricity consumption of an electric meter according to the distributed electric quantity and history, uploading consumed electric quantity data and transferring out the unconsumed electric quantity;
the transaction objects comprise an electricity selling company 41 and a power grid company, and power generation enterprises such as thermal power generation enterprises, water conservancy power generation enterprises, wind power generation enterprises, solar power generation enterprises and nuclear power generation enterprises, and are benefit related parties;
the electricity selling company 41 may act as a proxy for the electricity generated by the local area or the cross-regional electricity generating enterprise; the power grid company 41 is responsible for power transmission, transformation and distribution to the users; the power selling company 41 calculates the cost together with the power grid company and the power generation enterprise, and sets the current price of the sold power according to the current market supply and demand conditions; the electricity selling company 41 performs a trade of electric power on the energy market as a representative;
the transaction object also comprises a power utilization user 42, wherein the power utilization user 42 comprises a residential user and a business user; the residential users and the industrial and commercial users respectively serve as independent individuals to conduct electric power buying and selling behaviors in the energy market;
the residential users can make a purchase from an electricity selling company and can also make free transactions with other residential users according to market prices; the industrial and commercial users are large power consumers, can negotiate with the power selling company through the energy trading system to sign an intelligent contract comprising power consumption, power consumption price, power consumption period and agreed conditions, and can freely trade with other industrial and commercial users according to market prices;
the wallet 0 is used for storing a private key of a user, and each transaction of the user can be signed by the private key, so that the security of transaction data and the uniqueness of user identity identification are ensured; the electricity selling company 41, the electricity user 42 and the electricity meter 3 all comprise the wallet 0, are realized by software and exist in an off-line mode;
the block chain network 5 is established on the basis of the internet network 6 and is realized by a block chain technology; in a narrow sense, the block chain is a chain data structure formed by combining each data block according to time or other logic sequences, and has a distributed account book which is not falsifiable and counterfeitable; in a broad sense, the blockchain technique is a novel distributed basic application that generates and updates data through distributed nodes, stores and verifies data using blockchain data structures, guarantees secure transmission and secure access of data using cryptographic methods, programs and manipulates data through automatic and intelligent contracts;
the block chain network 5 is composed of thousands of nodes, and the nodes comprise managers and participants; the managers are all the electricity selling companies and are responsible for building hardware such as servers and networks and software such as block chain system facilities, maintaining block generation, packaging, verifying and storing transaction data and executing the intelligent contracts 2; the participants include the electricity selling company 41, the industrial and commercial users, the residential users and the electricity meter 3;
the electricity selling company 41, the industrial and commercial users and the residential users mainly participate in energy trading, and the electricity meter 3 only participates in energy distribution and use; on the premise that the user needs to be registered as a user on a block chain network, the registered user needs to have a private key to ensure the uniqueness of the identity; the wallet 0 is responsible for storing a private key of a user and encrypting and decrypting transaction data;
the energy trading system 1 is used as a medium for realizing trading, and bridges between trading objects and between the trading objects and the block chain network 5 are established; in one aspect, a visual interface is provided for user currency conversion and energy transactions; on the other hand, the intelligent contracts 2 on the blockchain network 5 are invoked to perform energy transactions and data storage.
The transaction method based on the blockchain energy transaction system comprises the following steps:
first, a trading scheme
(1) Electricity selling company 41 and residential users
The power transaction between the electricity selling company and the resident user adopts a subscription mode and a shaking number mode, is similar to the new subscription in ticket transaction, and has the following flow:
a. the electricity selling company 41 can issue the sold electric power information of the next month according to a fixed period and the last 2 days of each month, and can also issue the information on a self-defined date; the electricity selling company 41 issues an action by calling a procurement contract in the blockchain network 5; the power information issued by the power selling company 41 includes the amount of saleable power, the price per degree of power, the expiration time of the power, and the amount of one hand power;
b. the resident user can purchase power from one or more power selling companies 41, the user can purchase ten hands at most from one power selling company 41 at the initial stage, namely ten distribution numbers, and the system adjusts the maximum purchase power hand number of the user according to the power purchase history of the user at the later stage; when a resident user buys the electric quantity, the background service allocates the number to the hand number of the user buys the electric quantity, and meanwhile, the resident user needs to pay the amount of the buys-in electric quantity;
c. the electricity selling company 41 can also define the parameter from the date of electricity information release to the date of the subscription completion of the residential user, namely the subscription period, which is generally 2 days; when the subscription period is over, the background service 11 automatically performs number shaking according to a specific algorithm, and pushes a final mid-signing result to the subscription contract, wherein the mid-signing result comprises all mid-signed account numbers, the number of hands of mid-signed electric quantity corresponding to the mid-signing account numbers and the electric quantity of one hand; the contracting of the subscription transfers the sum of the money of the actually sold electric power to the electric power selling company 41 according to the middle-signed information, and returns the sum of the un-signed part to the residential user according to the number of the middle-signed parts of the residential user;
(2) residential user and residential user
The resident user can freely trade with other resident users by applying the electricity quantity purchased from the electricity selling company 41, but the electricity quantity traded is limited to the electricity from the same electricity selling company 41, and the process is as follows:
a. the method comprises the steps that a seller and a buyer of a resident user bid on the market, the seller of the resident user entrusts the unit price and the amount of electric quantity for selling the electric power, and the buyer of the resident user entrusts the unit price and the amount of the electric quantity for purchasing the electric power;
b. the background service 11 calculates an optimal matching scheme in real time to match the achievement of the transaction between the resident users according to the time entrusted by the buyer and the seller of the resident users, entrusted price, entrusted quantity and other parameters by using a specific algorithm;
c. the background service 11 pushes the successfully matched transaction to a transaction contract on the block chain network 5, and the transaction contract accounts and respectively transfers money of corresponding transaction amount to a seller of a resident user and electric quantity of corresponding transaction amount to a buyer of the resident user according to transaction information achieved by both parties of the transaction of the resident user;
(3) electricity selling company 41 and industrial and commercial users
The electricity consumption of industrial and commercial users is large, stable and long-term electricity supply is needed, the electricity price is different from that of residential users, and the electricity price is determined mainly according to the purchase quantity and the purchase period; the business user adopts a mode of negotiating and signing a contract when applying for power from the power selling company 41, and the process is as follows:
a. the electricity selling company 41 determines different selling prices according to different periods (such as months, seasons and years) and different electricity purchasing quantities, and issues a subscription contract with different condition combinations for industrial and commercial users;
b. the industrial and commercial users check the procurement contracts on the block chain, and select the contracts suitable for the industrial and commercial users to negotiate with the power selling company according to the requirements of the industrial and commercial users to determine the final purchase price;
c. the power selling company 41 negotiates with the industrial and commercial users, and makes an agreement on specific contents of the agreement, such as the amount of electric quantity purchased, the amount of a payment guarantee fee, a payment mode (such as installment payment, due payment and the like), and the like, and the process goes through a plurality of rounds; the negotiation is successful, the industrial and commercial users pay the deposit according to contract agreement, the procurement contract-closing date on the blockchain network 5 is transferred to the electric power selling company, and then the corresponding electric power is transferred to the industrial and commercial users;
d. the background service 11 of the energy transaction system 1 informs the business user to pay corresponding money on the appointed due date of the contract;
(4) industrial and commercial users and industrial and commercial users
The business users trade in a negotiation mode, the electric quantity of the trade is limited to the electric power from the same power selling company, and the process is as follows:
a. the seller and the buyer of the industrial and commercial user can quote in the market, the market can display the information issued by the buyer and the seller of the industrial and commercial user, if the buyer or the seller interested in the industrial and commercial user can negotiate with the buyer or the seller to determine the purchase amount and the purchase price, and if the negotiation between the buyer and the seller is successful, the transaction is completed, and the money and the electric quantity are transferred through a transaction contract on the block chain;
(5) electricity selling company 41 and electricity selling company 41
The transaction between the electricity selling company 41 and the electricity selling company 41 is mainly to balance the unbalanced condition of the electricity selling power of the energy market, the electricity selling company 41 with good electricity selling condition can borrow the electricity selling company 41 with surplus electricity with bad electricity selling condition, which cannot meet the requirement of the electricity selling company, so as to balance the supply and demand of the market, improve the utilization rate of the electricity, avoid the waste of energy, and is an effective supplementary means for the energy transaction, and the process is as follows:
a. providing the borrowing electricity selling company 41 to determine different selling prices according to different periods (such as months, seasons and years) and different electricity purchasing quantities, and issuing borrowing contracts with different condition combinations to other electricity selling companies 41;
b. the electricity selling company 41 may negotiate with the electricity selling company 41 providing the loan to loan the electricity if there is a demand for the loan;
c. the negotiation between the detached power selling company 41 and the power selling company 41 for providing the detachment is mainly the agreement on the specific content of the contract, such as the amount of the purchased electric quantity, the amount of the payment guarantee fee, the payment mode (such as installment payment, due payment and the like), and the like, the process may go through many rounds, if the negotiation is successful, the detached power selling company 41 pays the guarantee fee according to the contract agreement, the detachment and combination appointment on the block chain network 5 transfers the guarantee fee to the power selling company 41 for providing the detachment, and then corresponding electric power is transferred to the detached power selling company 41;
d. the background service 11 of the energy transaction system 1 informs the detached power selling company 41 to pay corresponding money on the appointed expiration date of the contract;
second, the electric scheme
The end device for metering the use of the electricity of the consumer, whether for the purpose of electricity purchased by residential consumers or industrial and commercial consumers, is the electricity meter 3; the electricity consumer 42 will distribute the electricity to the electricity meter 3 for consumption, the consumer can also check the electricity consumption condition of the electricity meter 3, and the electricity meter can transfer the unconsumed electricity back to the consumer for transaction;
(1) electric quantity distribution and use
The user distributes the purchased electric power to the electric meter 3 for consumption and use, and the process is as follows:
a. the electric quantity purchased by the user is distributed to the specific electric quantity of the electric meter 3 for use through the distribution contract on the blockchain;
b. the electricity meter 3 acquires the electricity amount distributed to itself from the distribution contract on the blockchain network 5, and then a program in the electricity meter 3 manages and controls consumption of the electricity amount;
(2) electric meter 3 data block chain network 5
The electric meter 3 will report the residual electric quantity to the block chain network 5 periodically, so that not only can the user check the use condition of the electric quantity in the electric meter 3 and make corresponding adjustment, but also the electricity selling company 41 can make comprehensive statistical analysis on the electric quantity to guide future electricity selling strategies; the process is as follows:
a. the electric meter 3 reports the residual electric quantity to the power utilization contract on the block chain network 5 according to the period (such as minutes, hours or days);
b. the user can obtain the use condition of the electric quantity of the electric meter 3 from the electricity contract on the blockchain network 5;
(3) electric quantity resale of electric meter 3
The user can transfer the electric power from the electric meter 3 to the factors such as inexhaustible electricity, redundant electric power or market quotation and the like in the electric meter 3, and then trade on the market; the process is as follows:
a. the user informs the electric meter 3 of the amount of the electric quantity to be transferred through the background service 11;
b. the electric meter 3 receives the notification, the program in the electric meter 3 deducts the corresponding electric quantity amount, and then a distribution contract on the block chain network 5 is called to transfer the corresponding electric quantity amount;
c. the user obtains the corresponding amount of electricity from the distribution contract on the blockchain network 5 and then deals on the market.
The foregoing is directed to preferred embodiments of the present invention, other and further embodiments of the invention may be devised without departing from the basic scope thereof, and the scope thereof is determined by the claims that follow. However, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification of the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention are within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. A energy transaction system based on block chain is characterized in that: the system comprises an energy transaction system, an intelligent contract, an electric meter, a wallet, a transaction object, a block chain network and an internet network;
the intelligent contract is a digitalization of a real contract, the content of the contract is written in a code form, the logic of the contract and the contract agreement of both sides are realized, and the intelligent contract runs in a block chain network;
the wallet is used for storing a private key of a user, and each transaction of the user can be signed by the wallet, so that the security of transaction data and the uniqueness of user identity identification are ensured;
the energy transaction system comprises background service and foreground application; the foreground application is mainly provided for a user-friendly operation interface in a webpage or App form, so that a user can interact with the system; the background service is mainly responsible for computing, storing, timing tasks and interaction with the intelligent contract;
the transaction objects comprise an electricity selling company, a power grid company and power generation enterprises such as a thermal power generation enterprise, a water conservancy power generation enterprise, a wind power generation enterprise, a solar power generation enterprise and a nuclear power generation enterprise; the electricity selling company as a representative for trading electricity on the energy market;
the transaction object also comprises a power utilization user; the electricity utilization users comprise residential users and industrial and commercial users; the residential users and the industrial and commercial users respectively serve as independent individuals to conduct electric power buying and selling behaviors in the energy market;
the ammeter has a metering function and a communication function; the electric meter also comprises an intelligent module, wherein a linux system, wallet software and management software are arranged in the intelligent module;
the electric selling company, the electric user and the electric meter comprise the wallet, are realized by software and exist in an off-line mode;
the block chain network is established on the basis of the internet and is realized by the block chain technology; the block chain network consists of thousands of nodes, and the nodes comprise managers and participants; the manager is the electricity selling company, and the participants comprise the electricity selling company, industrial and commercial users, residential users and electric meters;
the electricity selling company, the industrial and commercial users and the residential users mainly participate in energy trading, and the electricity meter participates in energy distribution and use; the wallet is responsible for storing a user private key and encrypting and decrypting transaction data.
2. The blockchain energy trading system-based trading method of claim 1, wherein: the method comprises the following steps:
transaction scheme
(1) Electricity selling company and resident user
The power transaction between the electricity selling company and the resident user adopts a subscription mode and a shaking number mode, is similar to the new subscription in ticket transaction, and has the following flow:
a. the power selling company issues the sold power information of the next month in the last 2 days of each month according to a fixed period, and can also issue the information on a self-defined date; the electricity selling company issues the action by calling a procurement contract in the block chain network; the electric power information released by the power selling company comprises the amount of saleable electric power, the price of each degree of electric power, the expiration time of the electric power and the quantity of one hand of electric power;
b. the resident user can purchase power from one or more power selling companies, the user can purchase ten hands at most from one power selling company at the initial stage, namely ten allotments, and the system adjusts the maximum number of the power purchasing hands of the user according to the power purchasing history of the user at the later stage; when a resident user buys the electric quantity, the background service allocates the number of the hand of the user buys the electric quantity, and meanwhile, the resident user needs to pay the amount of the buys-in electric quantity;
c. the electricity selling company can also define the parameter by itself, wherein the electricity selling company is a purchase applying period from the date of releasing the electric power information to the date of finishing the purchase applying of the resident users, which is generally 2 days; when the procurement period is finished, the background service automatically carries out number shaking according to a specific algorithm, and pushes a final signed result to the procurement contract, wherein the signed result comprises all signed account numbers, the number of hands of the signed electric quantity corresponding to the signed account numbers and the number of electric quantities of one hand; the contract for the subscription transfers the money of the actually sold electric quantity of the electric power to an electric power selling company according to the middle-signed information, and returns the money of the part with the un-signed money to the residential user according to the number of the middle-signed money of the residential user;
(2) residential user and residential user
The resident user can freely trade with other resident users by applying for the electric quantity purchased by the electric power selling company, but the electric quantity traded is limited to the electric power from the same electric power selling company, and the process is as follows:
a. the method comprises the steps that a seller and a buyer of a resident user bid on the market, the seller of the resident user entrusts the unit price and the amount of electric quantity for selling the electric power, and the buyer of the resident user entrusts the unit price and the amount of the electric quantity for purchasing the electric power;
b. the background service uses a specific algorithm, and calculates an optimal matching scheme in real time according to parameters such as consignation time, consignation price, consignation quantity and the like of buyers and sellers of the resident users to match the achievement of the transaction between the resident users;
c. the background service pushes the successfully matched transaction to a transaction contract on a block chain, and the transaction contract accounts and respectively transfers money of corresponding transaction amount to a seller of a resident user and electric quantity of corresponding transaction amount to a buyer of the resident user according to transaction information achieved by both parties of the transaction of the resident user;
(3) electricity selling company and industrial and commercial users
The electricity consumption of industrial and commercial users is large, stable and long-term electricity supply is needed, the electricity price is different from that of residential users, and the electricity price is determined mainly according to the purchase quantity and the purchase period; the business user adopts a mode of negotiating and signing a contract when applying for power from a power selling company, and the process is as follows:
a. the electricity selling company determines different selling prices according to different periods such as months, seasons and years and different electricity purchasing quantities, and issues a subscription contract with different condition combinations to the industrial and commercial users;
b. the industrial and commercial users check the procurement contracts on the block chain, and select the contracts suitable for the industrial and commercial users to negotiate with the power selling company according to the requirements of the industrial and commercial users to determine the final purchase price;
c. the negotiation between the power selling company and the industrial and commercial users, the agreement on the specific contents of the contract, such as the amount of purchased electric quantity, the amount of payment of a guarantee fee, the payment mode and the like, and the process goes through a plurality of rounds; the negotiation is successful, the industrial and commercial users pay the deposit according to contract agreement, the procurement agreement date on the block chain is transferred to the deposit to the power selling company, and then the corresponding electric power is transferred to the industrial and commercial users;
d. the background service of the energy transaction system informs the business user to pay corresponding money on the appointed due date of the contract;
(4) industrial and commercial users and industrial and commercial users
The business users trade in a negotiation mode, the electric quantity of the trade is limited to the electric power from the same power selling company, and the process is as follows: the seller and the buyer of the industrial and commercial user can quote in the market, the market can display the information issued by the buyer and the seller of the industrial and commercial user, if the buyer or the seller interested in the industrial and commercial user can negotiate with the buyer or the seller to determine the purchase amount and the purchase price, and if the negotiation between the buyer and the seller is successful, the transaction is completed, and the money and the electric quantity are transferred through a transaction contract on the block chain;
(5) electricity selling company and electricity selling company
The transaction between the electricity selling company and the electricity selling company is mainly to balance the unbalanced condition of the electricity selling in the energy market, the electricity selling company with good electricity selling condition can borrow the electricity selling company with surplus electricity with poor electricity selling condition, which cannot meet the requirement of the electricity selling company, balance the supply and demand in the market, improve the utilization rate of electricity, avoid energy waste, and is an effective supplementary means for energy transaction, and the process is as follows:
a. the method comprises the steps that the borrowing power selling company is provided to determine different selling prices according to different periods such as months, seasons and years and different power purchasing quantities, and the borrowing contracts with different condition combinations are issued to other power selling companies;
b. if the power selling company has the demand of borrowing, the power selling company can negotiate to the power selling company providing the borrowing to borrow the power;
c. the negotiation between the detached power selling company and the power selling company providing the detached power selling company is mainly the agreement on the specific content of the contract, such as the amount of the purchased electric quantity, the amount of the payment deposit, the payment mode and the like, the process may go through a plurality of rounds, if the negotiation is successful, the detached power selling company pays the deposit according to the contract agreement, the detached date and time on the block chain is transferred to the power selling company providing the detached power selling company, and then the corresponding electric power is transferred to the detached power selling company;
d. the transaction system background service informs the detached power selling company to pay corresponding money on the appointed expiration date of the contract;
second, the electric scheme
The purpose of the electric power purchased by both residential users and industrial and commercial users is to consume the electric power, and the terminal equipment for measuring the use condition of the electric power of the users is an electric meter; the electricity consumption user can distribute the electricity to the electricity meter for consumption, the user can check the electricity consumption condition of the electricity meter, and the electricity meter can transfer the unconsumed electricity back to the user for transaction;
(1) electric quantity distribution and use
The user distributes the purchased electric power to the electric meter for consumption and use, and the process is as follows:
a. the electric quantity purchased by the user is distributed to the specific electric quantity of the electric meter for use through a distribution contract on the blockchain;
b. the electric meter acquires the electric quantity distributed to the electric meter from the distribution contract on the block chain, and then a program in the electric meter manages and controls consumption of the electric quantity;
(2) block chain on ammeter data
The electric meter can report the residual electric quantity uplink block chain periodically, so that not only can a user check the use condition of the electric quantity in the electric meter and make corresponding adjustment, but also an electric selling company can make comprehensive statistical analysis on the electric quantity to guide a future electric selling strategy; the process is as follows:
a. the electric meter reports the residual electric quantity to a power utilization contract on the block chain according to the period such as minutes, hours and days;
b. the user can obtain the use condition of the electric quantity of the electric meter from the block chain by using the electric contract;
(3) electric quantity back sale of electric meter
The user can transfer the electric power from the electric meter to the factors such as no loss, redundant electric power or market quotation and the like in the electric meter, and then trade on the market; the process is as follows:
a. the user informs the electric meter of the amount of the electric quantity to be transferred out of the electric meter through the background service;
b. the electric meter receives the notification, a program in the electric meter deducts the corresponding electric quantity amount, and then a distribution contract on the block chain is called to transfer out the corresponding electric quantity amount;
c. the user obtains the corresponding amount of electricity from the distribution contract on the blockchain and then deals on the market.
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