JP2003321808A - Protective device for falling stone or the like and net therefor - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a net displaying a kinetic-energy absorption effect equal to conventional technique and being simply carried out and a protective device for a falling stone or the like using the net. <P>SOLUTION: In the protective device for the falling stone or the like, which has the rows of supports, which are disposed in upright to a ground at required intervals and in which base sections are fixed onto the ground through hinges, and in which bracing ropes are stretched among the upper sections of each support and a ground section on the support-row mountain side and stretched around the valley side extensively over the whole support row and the nets held vertically by holding ropes stretched to the upper sections and lower sections of the supports respectively among the supports are installed, the nets are composed of a large number of unit blocks 10 crosswise arrayed and rings 20 connecting the adjacent four unit blocks. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention is applied to a net-type rockfall protection device installed on a slope of a natural ground to secure the safety of roads and railroads by receiving rockfalls and avalanches. About the net to do.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 10-88527, a mesh body, that is, a ring net is constituted by a large number of ring members connected to each other so that the inner peripheral sides of adjacent ring members are in contact with each other. By using it for a rockfall protection device, it is possible to absorb a large amount of kinetic energy when a rockfall is received.

[0003]

In the above-mentioned prior art, the ring member constituting the mesh body is formed by winding the wire rod a plurality of times and fixing the wire rod by bundling the wire rod at several points in the circumferential direction by fastening means. ing. Therefore, special equipment is required to connect the adjacent ring members to each other so that the inner peripheral sides of the ring members come into contact with each other (see, for example, JP-A-8-53814).

The present invention exhibits a kinetic energy absorbing effect equivalent to that of the above-mentioned prior art and can be more easily implemented, and a net-like body (hereinafter referred to as a net) and a rockfall protection device using the net. To provide.

[0005]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a net for a rockfall protection device, which has a large number of unit blocks aligned in the vertical and horizontal directions and a plurality of rings, each unit block being at least one pair. Disc and a rubber plate interposed between the discs, each disc having two ears separated by 90 degrees on the outer periphery, each ears having a pair of through holes, U bolts are inserted in the through holes, and the pair of discs are set in a phase such that a total of four ears are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction, and each ring is formed by winding a wire rod a plurality of times at least. The four unit blocks adjacent to each other are connected to each other by being bound at one place and extending through the inside of the U-bolt. As described above, since the adjacent unit blocks are connected by the ring via the U bolts attached to the ears of the disc, the net can be manufactured without requiring special equipment.

The disc may be made of metal such as iron, steel, aluminum or the like, and hard plastic may be used. In any case, a material having weather resistance is desirable. The shape is not limited to a literal circle, and may be a polygon. Further, although it is not necessarily required to have an annular shape, that is, a donut shape, the annular shape has the advantages that the weight can be reduced, the wind resistance can be reduced, and the landscape cannot be obstructed.

Since the ring is formed by winding a wire having a certain length a plurality of times and binding the wire at at least one place, the amount of energy to be absorbed can be adjusted by appropriately selecting the material, thickness and number of turns of the wire. It is easy to construct a net together. Various materials can be used as the material of the wire material. For example, in addition to steel wire, carbon fiber or aramid fiber can be adopted. The wire forming the ring may be a single wire or a plurality of wires aligned and wound.

When a rock fall occurs, the load is received by the net, and at the same time, the elastic deformation of the rubber plate of the unit block and the shear deformation of the rubber due to the mutual pulling of the disc and / or the elastic deformation of the ring cause impact energy. Is absorbed. Also, if a load that exceeds the strength of the binding acts on the ring, the binding will be destroyed,
The wire rod is stretched as if the wound wire rod is paid out. Therefore, by appropriately setting the strength and the number of the tying members, the tying member can flexibly receive rockfalls under a relatively small load and absorb the impact energy when a large load is applied.

According to a second aspect of the invention, in the net for a rockfall protection device according to the first aspect, the rubber plate is vulcanized and adhered to the disc. Since the unit block composed of the circular plate and the rubber plate can be handled as a single unit, it is convenient for storage and transportation, and the net can be easily assembled.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the net for a rockfall protection device according to the first aspect, one of the pair of disks forming the unit block has a burr on the outer peripheral edge and the other has a burr on the inner peripheral edge. The rubber plate is supported in the radial direction by the burrs on the inner and outer peripheral edges. Since the rubber plate is supported in the radial direction by the burrs, it helps prevent the rubber plate from peeling.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the net for a rockfall protection device according to the first aspect, a columnar lead is inserted by providing a hole penetrating from one of the pair of discs constituting the unit block to the other. It is a feature. Lead plays the role of a damper and reinforces the bonding mechanism between the disc and the rubber plate when the rubber between the discs is sheared to prevent early damage of the rubber plate.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, the net according to any one of the first to fourth aspects, a plurality of columns, which are fixed to the ground through hinges and are spaced apart from each other by a predetermined distance, and an upper portion of each column. Resting rope stretched between the mountain side and the ground, holding ropes stretched between the upper and lower portions of the strut between the strut, and a brake device provided in the middle of the holding rope and / or in the middle of the restraining rope. And the net is stretched between the columns by the holding rope to protect against falling stones.

When the net is impacted by rockfall in the protective device, each ring and / or the unit block is pulled outward at the engagement point with the other ring and / or unit block, and for example, the engagement point goes around. If there are four places in total, the ring deforms into a rectangle, and the force that deforms the ring in this way becomes absorbed energy, and the deformation of all the rings in the net between the struts achieves extremely large energy absorption. Further, the force is uniformly transmitted from the ring or the unit block which has been directly impacted to the ring and the unit block around the ring or the unit block. By appropriately selecting the material of the ring, the thickness of the constituent wire and the diameter of the ring, it is possible to easily correspond to the amount of energy to be absorbed.

The impact energy that cannot be covered by the net is
It extends from the net to the holding rope and / or the retaining rope and is absorbed by the braking device. The tension exerted on the holding rope and / or the restraining rope by the transmitted impact energy acts to break the tie in the braking device. For example, the braking system
A part of the rope is pulled by hand to create slack, and it is held in that state by using a metal fitting that breaks when a load exceeding a predetermined value is applied, so if the tension acting on the rope becomes excessive, the metal fitting Leading to breakage. By selecting the material of the metal fitting and providing the notch in advance to set the breaking strength, the metal fitting will break when a load that exceeds the set value is applied, which causes the holding rope and / or the retaining rope to Energy can be absorbed smoothly and effectively without applying a heavy load.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the rockfall protection device according to the fifth aspect, the support column is composed of two or more divided members, and the members are disassembleably coupled to each other. When installing the device on the slope of the ground,
Since it is impossible to get in a vehicle, there are cases where the materials have to be transported manually. In such a case, it is easy to transport the column by making it a split type.

According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, in the rockfall protection device according to the sixth aspect, the members are flexibly connected to each other and are held by a backing plate that breaks when a load exceeding a predetermined value is applied. It is a thing. By making the members bendable together with the fact that the support pillars are fixed to the natural ground via hinges, the energy absorption capacity when shocked by rockfalls or the like is further enhanced.

[0017]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION As shown in FIG. 1, a rockfall prevention net is composed of a large number of unit blocks 10 and a large number of rings 20 which are aligned vertically and horizontally.

Each unit block 10 is, as shown in FIG.
It is composed of a pair of annular discs 11 and an annular rubber plate 14 interposed between the discs 11. The rubber plate 14 is fixed to the disc 11 by vulcanization adhesion. As shown in the figure, by providing a rubber layer not only between the discs but also on the outside of the discs, the outer rubber elastically deforms at the time of impact to help absorb impact energy, and not only the net's weather resistance improves. Since the rubber layer is easy to color, it also helps improve the appearance. Although the drawing shows the case where the disc 11 is exposed, the disc 11 can be covered with rubber to expose only the ear portion, or the disc 11 can be entirely covered with rubber. By doing so, the corrosion of the disk 11 can be prevented, and the durability and aesthetics of the net are further improved.

Each disc 11 has two ears separated by 90 degrees on the outer circumference.
Having twelve. As can be seen from FIG. 2 (b), a pair of discs 11
Are shifted by 180 degrees in the circumferential direction so that a total of four ears 12 are set at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. Rubber is adhered in a ring shape between the two discs as shown in FIG. When an impact force is applied, this molded rubber ring is pulled in the x and y directions. Since the two ears AB in the x direction and the two ears CD in the y direction are out of phase with each other, they are sheared by the impact force and are displaced. The deformation due to this displacement causes a large amount of energy absorption together with the deformation of the ring 20. The deformed state is shown in FIG.

Each ear portion 12 is provided with a pair of through holes 13, and U bolts 15 are inserted into the through holes 13 as shown in FIG. As is well known, the U bolt 15 is a bolt having U-shaped legs that are threaded, and a nut 18 is attached to the threaded portion to prevent the U bolt from coming off.

The ring 20 is represented by a chain line in FIG. 1, and extends through the U-bolt 15 to connect four adjacent unit blocks 10 to each other. As shown in FIG. 4, each ring 20 is made by winding a wire rod of a certain length a plurality of times at least at one place, here at four places, a tying member 21.
Are united in. The tying member 21 is, for example, a tubular metal member having a C-shaped cross section, is fitted into the wire rod bundle through its open portion, and then fixed to the wire rod bundle by a tightening tool. The energy absorbing power of the ring 20 can be adjusted by adjusting the number of turns of the wire rod or by selecting the thickness of the wire rod.

The embodiment shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 is a disk.
A burr is provided on the periphery of 11 to prevent the rubber plate 14 interposed therebetween from being peeled off or dropped. A pair of discs 11
One of the discs 11 has a burring 16 on the outer peripheral edge (Fig. 5), and the other disc 11 'has a burring 16' on the inner peripheral edge (Fig. 6). The burrs 16 and 16 'are rubber plates 14 between the disks 11 and 11'.
(Round plate 14)
Are sandwiched and supported in the radial direction.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 7, a hole penetrating from one disc 11 to the other disc 11 is provided, and a cylindrical lead rod 17 is inserted into the hole. Here, the case where four lead rods are provided at equal intervals in the circumferential direction is illustrated. Lead bar 17
Plays a role as a damper against the shear deformation of the rubber plate 4 between the circular plates 11 due to the impact, and prevents the rubber plate 14 from being damaged early and improves durability.

The number of discs 11 forming each unit block is not limited to two, but may be four as shown in FIG. 8, for example.

9 to 12 show the above-mentioned net (code 1).
Is pointing at. ) Shows an embodiment of a protection device for falling rocks. As you can see from the following,
The basic configuration is the same as that of the conventional device described in the above-mentioned JP-A-10-88527.

The protective device comprises a plurality of metal columns 31, which are erected on concrete foundations 32, which are installed at predetermined intervals, or directly on the soil or rock of the natural ground. It is set up. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 13 (c), when the pillar 31 is erected on the concrete foundation 32,
A metal substrate is mounted on the concrete foundation 32, and the joint portion 36a provided on the upper portion of the metal substrate and the joint portion 36b or 36c provided on the lower portion of the support column are hingedly coupled to each other so that the support column 31 is attached to the foundation. It is supported so that it can be tilted. Tilting can be performed in any of the valley side and the mountain side, and can also be performed in an oblique direction.

As shown in FIG. 10, an anchor 33 for anchoring the rope is fixed to the rock or rock in the upper part of the slope of the rock, and its head 34 is exposed to the ground. A restraining rope 35 is stretched between the head 34 of the anchor and the upper portion of the column 31, and a brake device 43 described later is provided in the middle of the rope. The number of brake devices 43 provided on each retaining rope 35 can be changed according to the expected fall energy of rock fall.

Anchors are also provided on the sides of the terminal columns 31 at both ends.
37 is fixed to the ground or rock, a lateral upper anchor rope 39 is provided between the head 38 of the anchor and the upper part of the terminal support 31, and a lateral upper anchor rope 39 is provided between the lower part of the terminal support 31. The lower anchor rope 40 is stretched. When the falling energy of rock fall is expected to be large, it is desirable to install the brake device 43 on the anchor rope 39.

An upper support rope 41 is stretched between adjacent columns and an upper support rope 42 is stretched between the columns, and the ends of the ropes are connected to the columns. The upper and lower support ropes 41, 42 may be provided in double, or in some cases, three or more may be provided. These upper and lower support ropes
One or a plurality of brake devices 43 attached to 41 and 42 are provided in consideration of the expected falling energy of rock fall.

An upper support rope 41 is provided between the adjacent columns 31.
And the net 1 supported by the lower support rope 42, that is, the net 1, is stretched. Connection between the upper and lower rings and the upper support rope 41 and the lower support rope 42 is performed by passing each support rope through the ring of the ring 20, and a coupling member for connecting the ring 20 and the upper and lower support ropes. You may perform using.

When the net 1 is impacted by rockfall,
As shown in Fig. 11, the impact force is transmitted from the center of the impact through the ring 20 and spreads outward evenly.At that time, each ring is pulled outward at the connection point with other rings, and each ring receives it. It deforms according to the tensile force, and the net is in a state of protruding toward the valley side as shown in FIG. 12, and as a result, energy is absorbed. The case where the ring 20 is deformed most is shown in FIG. 12, but the degree of deformation is different and the deformed shape is also different depending on the magnitude of the force received and how the force is applied. Due to the shear deformation of the large number of rubber plates 14 and the deformation of the ring 20, a large amount of energy is absorbed. As described above, the amount of energy absorbed by the net can be arbitrarily changed depending on the structure of the ring.

According to the net 1 described above, it is possible to absorb a large amount of energy.
By providing the braking device 43 on the ropes 41, 42 and the restraining rope 35, the energy absorption capacity of the protective device is further increased.

FIG. 13 shows the details of the column 31. The column 31 is of a two-part type, and the lower member 31a and the upper member 31b are connected by a hinge joint 36 as shown in FIGS. 13 (a) and 13 (b). Joint 36
Is configured by connecting the joint 36a and the joint 36b or 36c of FIG. 13 (c) with a pin, for example. When the lower member 31a and the upper member 31b are divided, the respective weights are such that they can be carried by one person, and they can be carried into a steep mountain where a vehicle or a power-driven carrier cannot be used. Usually lower member 31
a and the upper member 31b are held in a straight line by the contact plate 48,
A single column 31 is formed. The patch plate 48 is provided with notches, grooves, etc. as shown by the wavy line, and the patch plate 48 breaks and absorbs energy when an impact such as a rock fall is received.

Resting ropes 35 are stretched on the lower member 31a and the upper member 31b, respectively, and each restraining rope 35 is provided with a braking device 43 for absorbing energy when a shock is applied by falling rocks or the like. The inclination angles of the lower member 31a and the upper member 31b may be the same, but it is possible to set the braking device 43 to have different inclination angles by utilizing the fact that the joint members 36 are bendably connected. See 12). For example,
The lower member 31b has an inclination angle α of 15 to 30 degrees, and the upper member 31a has an inclination angle β of 30 to 45 degrees. The larger the inclination angle is, the larger the energy can be absorbed.

14 and 15 show a specific embodiment of the brake device 43. In FIG. 14, a turnbuckle 44 is used to create slack in the rope 35. Tightening bracket 45 with eye 46 for locking turnbuckle 44
To use. A notch is made in the neck 47 portion of the tightening fitting 45 and / or the neck 47 is made thin so that it is cut when it is impacted by a falling rock or the like. Alternatively, the tightening metal fittings 45 can be attached to the open loop by the rope 35 as shown in Fig. 14 (b) (c).
In the case of the type that puts in and tightens by plastically deforming the mouth of the ring, the ring opens when a shock is applied and the tightening bracket 45
It may be removed from. Brake device shown in Fig. 15
43 is also substantially the same as that of FIG.

As shown in FIGS. 16 and 17, a plurality of braking devices 43 can be provided. And, for example, Figure 16
Brake device with progressively shallower breaking breaks as shown in
43A to 43D are arranged in order so that the breakage proceeds in the order of the braking devices 43A to 43D.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view of a net.

FIG. 2A is a front view of a disk that constitutes a unit block, b
Is a perspective view of a pair of discs, and c is a sectional view of a unit block.

FIG. 3 is a partial perspective view of a unit block.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a ring.

FIG. 5A is a front view showing another embodiment of a disc, and b is a sectional view of the same.

6A is a front view showing another embodiment of the disc, and FIG. 6B is a sectional view of the same.

FIG. 7 is a front view showing another embodiment of the unit block.

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing another embodiment of a unit block.

FIG. 9 is an elevational view of a rockfall protection device.

FIG. 10 is a side view of the device of FIG.

FIG. 11 is a schematic front view showing the state of the net that has been impacted by falling rocks.

FIG. 12 is a schematic side view showing a state of a net which has been impacted by a falling rock.

13A is an elevation view of a split-type strut, b is a perspective view of a connecting portion of the split-type strut, and c is a perspective view of a joint. FIG.

14A is a perspective view of a brake device, and FIGS. 14B and 14C are perspective views of a fastening fitting.

FIG. 15 is a perspective view showing a modified example of the brake device.

FIG. 16 is a schematic side view showing an installation example of a brake device.

FIG. 17 is a schematic front view showing an installation example of a brake device.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 net (reticulate body) 10 unit block 11 discs 11 'disc 12 ears 13 through hole 14 rubber plate 15 U bolt 16 frog 16 'frog 17 Lead bar 18 nuts 20 rings 21 ties 31 prop 32 basics 33 Preliminary rope anchoring anchor 34 anchor head 35 restraint rope 36 Joint part 37 anchor 38 anchor head 39 lateral upper anchor rope 40 lateral lower anchor rope 41 Upper support rope 42 Lower support rope 43 Brake device 44 turnbuckle 45 tightening bracket 46 eyes 47 neck 48 backing plate

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. A plurality of unit blocks vertically and horizontally arranged and a plurality of rings, each unit block being composed of at least a pair of discs and a rubber plate interposed between the discs. The plate is 90 around
It has two ears separated from each other, each ears has a pair of through holes, U bolts are inserted into the through holes, and a pair of discs has a total of four ears in the circumferential direction. The phases are set so that they are arranged at equal intervals, and each ring is formed by winding a wire rod a plurality of times and binding it at at least one place, and by advancing through the U-bolt, they are adjacent to each other. A net for a rockfall protection device that connects four unit blocks. 2. The net for a rockfall protection device according to claim 1, wherein the rubber plate is vulcanized and adhered to the disc. 3. One of the pair of discs constituting the unit block has a burr on the outer peripheral edge and the other has a burr on the inner peripheral edge, and the rubber plate is supported in the radial direction by the burrs on the inner and outer peripheral edges. The net for a rockfall protection device according to claim 1. 4. The net for a rockfall protection device according to claim 1, wherein a columnar lead is inserted by providing a hole penetrating from one of the pair of disks constituting the unit block to the other. 5. The net according to any one of claims 1 to 4, a plurality of struts, which are fixed to the natural ground via hinges, respectively, at predetermined intervals, and an upper portion of each stanchion and a mountain-side natural rock. A retaining rope stretched between the columns, a holding rope stretched between the upper and lower portions of the column between the columns, and a braking device provided in the middle of the retaining rope and / or in the middle of the retaining rope. A protection device for falling rocks, etc., wherein the net is stretched between the columns by the holding rope. 6. The rockfall protection device according to claim 5, wherein the support column is made up of two or more divided members, and the members are joined in a disassembleable manner. 7. The rockfall protection device according to claim 6, wherein the members are bendably connected to each other and are held by a pad plate which is broken when a load exceeding a predetermined value is applied.